M3Unit1Theworldofoursenses(測(cè))-2022年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)(新高考?江蘇)一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2021·浙江高二月考)Thenexttimeyouneedtogetsomewhere,youmaybeabletofollowyournose.Astudyhasfoundthatastrongsenseofsmellisassociatedwithastrongsenseofdirection.ResearchersconductedanexperimentatMcGillUniversityinCanada.Fifty-sevenadultswereinvitedtoparticipateinavirtual“way-findingtask"inwhichtheyhadtomaketheirwayaroundavirtualenvironment.Theyweregiven20minutestolearnaboutthevirtualcity.Afterhavingpassedbyeachofeightlandmarksatleasttwice,theparticipantswereplacedinfrontofoneofthelandmarksandaskedtofindthemostdirectroutetooneassignedbytheresearchers.Theparticipantsalsosmelled40scented(有香氣的)pensoneatatime.Afterabriefsniff,theparticipantschoseonewordthatbestidentifiedthesmellfromfourwordsonascreen.Anadditionalexerciseusedavirtualmaze(迷宮)todetermineiftheparticipantsweremorelikelytorelyonlandmarkstofindthewayoriftheyusedamorehabit-basedmethodbuiltovertimeaspeopletraveledthesamerouteoverandoveragain.Whattheresearchersfoundwasthatthosewiththeabilitytocorrectlyidentifythesmellsofthepensalsohadtheeasiesttimeperformingtheway-findingtaskbywayoflandmarks.Astrongsenseofsmellwasnotidentifiedintheparticipantswhousedthemorehabit-basedmethod.Theconnectionbetweenthesenseofsmellandway-findinglikelycameaboutasaresultoftheevolutionofthenervoussystem.Theoriginalfunctionofthesenseofsmellinhumansmayhavebeenintendedtosupportourspatialmemory.Keepthatinmindthenexttimeyougetlostgoingtothedentist.Itwon’tpreventyoufromgettinghorriblylost,butit’sgoodfoodforthoughtalongtheway.1.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargument?A.Byexaminingdifferences. B.Bydoingvirtualexperiment.C.Byprovidingexamples. D.Byanalyzingcause.2.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodoaftersmellingascentedpen?A.Decidewhethertheylikedthesmell. B.Useasentencetodescribethesmell.C.Chooseasuitablewordforthesmell. D.Findthelandmarkthatfeaturedthesmell.3.Whichofthefollowingfactorsisrelatedtoastrongsenseofdirection?A.Thewayofusinglandmarks. B.Moreexperienceindescribingthings.C.Quickadjustmenttothevirtualworld. D.Amorehabit-basedway-findingmethod.B(學(xué)科網(wǎng)2021年高三3月大聯(lián)考新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)AgroupofresearchersinEuropehaveannounceda3-yearprojectcalledOdeuropatocollectinformationabouttheimportantsmellsofEurope,fromthe1500stotheearly1900s.TheEuropeanUnionhasgivenOdeuropa$3.3milliontospendoverthenextthreeyears.Thepeoplebehindtheprojectbelievethatsmellisanimportantpartofhistory,butonethatisoftenpretermitted.Throughpictures,photos,videosandaudio(聲音)recordingswehaverecordsofhowthingslookedandsounded.Butwedon’thaverecordsofhowtheysmelled.Andyetsmellisanimportantsense.Astheproject’swebsitesays,“Muchmoresothananyothersense,oursenseofsmellislinkeddirectlytoouremotions(情感)andourmemories.”Forthefirstyearandahalf,theprojectwillfocusoncollectinginformationaboutEuropeansmellsgoingbacktothe1500s.Toachievethisgoal,thegroupplanstocreatedigitalversionsofhistoricalbooksinsevendifferentlanguages.Then,theywillusethescannedinformationtotrainanartificialintelligence(AI)systemtolookforanythingrelatedtosmells.Oncethesystemistrained,itshouldbeabletoautomaticallycollectinformationonthesmellsofallsortsofthings.Thefinalpartoftheprojectisevenmorecomplex.Theteamwillworkwithchemistsandpeoplewhomakeperfumetotrytomakethesmellswhicharen’taroundanymorecomebacktolife.Theteamhopestogivenewlifetoabout120differentsmells.OdeuropawillthenofferthesmellstomuseumsacrossEuropetohelpthemdoabetterjobofusingsmellsintheirexhibits,whichisonewayformuseumstoincludepeoplewhohavelostothersenses,suchassightorhearing.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pretermitted”inParagraph2mean?A.Used. B.Researched. C.Ignored. D.Stored.5.WhichofthefollowingisthefirststepofOdeuropa?A.TrainingtheAIsystemtoworkaccurately. B.CollectingrecordsofEuropeansmells.C.Findingoutoldsmellsofdifferenttypes. D.Makingolddocumentsdigitalized.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsOdeuropa?A.Conservative. B.Objective. C.Favorable. D.Opposed.7.What’sthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.SmellsAreSoImportanttoHumans B.OdeuropaHelpsMuseumsSmellBetterC.HistoricalDocumentsHoldtheLostSmells D.ScientistsResearchandRe-createOldSmellsC(2021·四川高二期末)Iwasbornwithbadeyesight.AthighschoolIcouldn’treadtheblackboard.BythetimeIgottotheuniversityofBathtostudyChemistryithadgottothepointwhereIcouldn’treallyseeimagesatall,onlythedifferencebetweenlightanddark.Andafewyearslater,onceIwasinthefirstyearofmyPhD,Iwasalmostcompletelyblind.Butclimbingismygreatpassion.IstartedclimbingwhenIwasyoung.Mydadtaughtmeeverythingaboutclimbing.WhenIwas11,Iledmyfirstclimbingrouteoutside.PeopleareusuallyamazedwhentheydiscoverthatnotonlydoIclimb,butIalsoleadclimbs.AtuniversityIjoinedtheMountaineeringClubandwasabletoclimbmuchmorefrequently.Wehadregulartripstoindoorwallsandweekendsawayoutdoors.IdevelopedagreatcircleofclimbingfriendsandwentonseveraltripstoEurope.AftertheseIstartedAlpineclimbingandiceclimbing,too.WhenmysightdroppedtoalevelwhereIcouldnolongerread,IthoughtImighthavetogiveupleading.ButIneverthoughtIwouldstopclimbing.Ijustlearnttoadaptwiththesupportofmyfriends.Peopleoftenaskme,“Whyrockclimbing?Itdoesn’tseemlikeagoodactivityforablindperson.”ButwhenIthinkaboutthedanger,crossingtheroadisfarmoredangerous,andalso,it’ssomethingwhereI’mnotincontrol.It’squitepossiblethatIwouldn’tbesuchagoodclimberifIweren’tblind.IfIdidn’thavethesechallenges,itwouldn’tfocusme.Thatdeterminationisbuiltthroughmydisability.WhenIreachthetopofaclimb,Idon’tgettoappreciatetheview,butthefeelingofachievementisextremelygood.Climbingisawaytoprovemywayofthinkinginlife—whichisthatI’mnotdisabled,I’mblindandable.8.Whentheauthorwenttouniversity,he.A.couldn’treadtheblackboard B.couldn’tfigureoutlightanddarkC.nearlycouldn’tseeimages D.wasalmostblind9.Whatdidtheauthordowhenhecouldn’tread?A.Hethoughtaboutquittingclimbing. B.Helearnttoadaptwithothers’help.C.Hecontinuedleadingclimbs. D.HewentonseveraltripstoEurope.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theauthorstartedclimbingattheageof11.B.TheauthorbeganiceclimbingwhenhegothisPhD.C.Theauthorisafraidofcrossingtheroad.D.Theauthorviewsblindnessinapositiveway.11.Whichcanbestexpressthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.D(2020·黑龍江大慶實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二月考)Thehumansenseofsmelliscloselyassociatedwithouremotions.Weuseourlimbicsystem—thepartofthebrainwhichisthoughttocontrolemotion—toconnectoursenseofsmelltoourfeelings.Beforepeopleevenrecognizeasmell,thedeepestpartsofthebrainhavealreadybeenstimulated(激發(fā))andanemotionalresponsehasbeentriggered.Researchhasshownthathumanscanreactemotionallytosmellsthatwecanbarelyevennotice.InonestudyatamajoruniversityinChicago,threesmellsweregiventothirty-onevolunteers.Thesmellswereofdifferentconcentrations,andsomeweresolowthattheywerehardlydetectabletothehumannose.Thedifferentsmellsusedwere:apleasantlemonscent(氣味),aneutralanisole(中性苯甲醚),oranunpleasantlysweatysmellingacid.First,thevolunteerswereaskedtopressabuttontoshowwhethertheyhadsmelledanythingornot.Thentheywereshownapictureofaface,whichtheyhadtorateforitslikeabilityusingasix-pointmarkingsystem.Theresultsofthestudyshowedthatwhenpeopleknewtheyhadbeenexposedtoasmell,itdidnotinfluencethewaytheyjudgedthelikeabilityofthefaces.However,whentheybelievedtheyhadnotsmelledanything,buthadactuallybeenexposedtooneofthescents,theratingsoffacelikeabilitychanged.Exposuretoverylowconcentrationsofacid,solowthattheywereundetectable,tendedtoproduceanegativeresponsetoaface.Bycomparison,aftersmellinglemonscentbutagaindetectingnosmell,participantsratedfacesasgenerallylikeable.Thesefindingssupportotherresearchintosenseperception(感覺(jué)),whetheritissmell,sight,orhearing,whichshowsthatsubliminal(潛意識(shí)的)sensoryinformationdoesaffectourperceptions.12.Whichwordcanbestreplace“triggered”inParagraph1?A.Stopped. B.Changed. C.Controlled. D.Started.13.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Todiscusshowsmellsareconnectedtoemotions.B.Toexplainwhytheresearchisimportant.C.Todescribehowthestudywasdone.D.Toreporttheresultsofthestudy.14.Whatconclusiondoestheauthorcometo?A.Pleasantandunpleasantsmellshavethesameeffectonpeople.B.Thisstudy’sresultsagreewiththoseofpreviousstudies.C.Othersensesaren’tconnectedtoperceptionthewaysmellis.D.Scentshavealmostnoinfluenceonpeople’semotions.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Effectsofscentsonemotions B.Whatinfluenceshowwefeel?C.Oursensitivesenseofsmell D.Techniquesandsenses二、七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2021·河北高三)Afavoritemusicaltunecanfuelpositivememories,boostyourmood,andcreatearelaxingsetting.1Herearesomewaystodigintothepowerofmusic。Havingtroublestayingmotivatedduringworkout?2ResearchintheNovember2019PsychologyofSportandExercisefoundthatupbeatmusiccanmakeaworkoutseemlesschallengingandmoreenjoyable.Inthestudy,peopleperformedhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT).Theexercisersinthemusicgroupreportedenjoyingtheirworkoutmorethanthoseintheslowornon-musicgroups.3Butwakinguptoapleasanttoneinsteadofasharpalarmcanreducemorningsleepinessandimproveefficiency,suggestsastudypublishedonlineJan.28,2020,byPLoSOne.Setyoursmartphonealarmtoplaysoft,harmonicsoundsorarelaxingtune.2169002050Musichelpstorelievestressinamedicalprocedure.Ananalysisof72trialsinvolvingalmost7,000patientsfoundthatpatientswholistenedtomusicbefore,during,andaftersurgeryreportedlesspain.Earlierstudieshadfoundthatlisteningtomusicduringdentalworkloweredpeople’sanxietylevels.Musicproducesacalmingeffectbystimulatingthebrain’spleasureregion.Therightchoiceofmusicalsoappearstobenecessary.I4“Musicthatispredictablecanpromotefeelingsofcontrolandcalm,”shesays.Manystudieshaveshownthatstudentswholistentoslowandpeacefulsoundshavelessanxiety.AccordingtoDiaz-Falcon,thesesoundsprovideacalmingenvironmentandblockdistractionsinyourthoughtprocess.Shesays,“Peacefulmusicisalsobelievedtoactivateareasinyourbrainresponsibleforanalyticallythinkingandcreativity,aswellasincreasingthebrain’sabilitytoabsorbandstoreinformation.”5A.Trysomerelaxingmusic.B.Turnupsomemusicwithafastbeat.C.Musichaslongservedasasleepaid.D.ProfessorDiaz-Falconsaysmusiccanincreaseyourenergy.E.Trylisteningtosuchsoundsthenexttimeyoufaceacomplextask.F.Peoplerespondbesttofamiliarmusic,accordingtoProfessorDiaz-Falcon.G.Usedinspecificways,musicisalsoavaluabletoolforsupportingyourhealth.三、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(改編自2021·遼寧高三)Ascreendoor(紗門(mén))allowsforanopenviewwhileatthesametimeaffordingadegreeofprivacy.1,communicationbetweenparentsandtheirchildawayatcollegeshouldhaveopennessinexpressingviewpointsbut,atthesametime,itshoulddemonstratearespectforprivacy.Stayingintouchwitheachotherisimportantbecausewithout2,thereisnoconnectionandworrycantakeover.Allinvolvedshouldtrytobe3inlisteningto,understandinganddealingwithspecialconcernsorneedsthatarisewhethertheymaybefromthestudents,parentsorfriends.Forthehappystudentadjustingwellatschool,callstohomecanbeinfrequent.Thisisnotnecessarilyacauseforparentsto4.Whileparentsarenaturally5aboutwhattheirchildisupto,themajorityofstudentsarebusygettingaccustomedtotheirnewhome,makingnewfriendsand6tonewschedulesandactivities.Thefactisthatwithoutanyillintentiononpurpose,theycanspendlittletimethinkingabouthomeandtheymaynotappreciatethedegreeoftheirparents’7curiosity.Forthestudentwhoisnotadjustingwellatschool,callstohomewillprobablybemademore8.Thiscircumstancecanbringa9periodforbothparentandchild.Fortheparentsathome,itcanbeterribly10tosensetheirchildisunhappy.Itisdifficulttojudgehowweshouldreacttothischallenge:as11,wewanttobringourchildrenhometothesafetyofournest;inourparent-teacherrole,wewantto12thetiesandallowourchildtheopportunitytomakeitonhis/herown.Forthestudentawayatschool,unhappinesscanbelonelyandfrighteningandinsomecases,itcanleadtodepressionandillness.Thereisasenseof13forsomehomesickstudentswhofearthatMomandDadwill14theirinabilitytocopewiththenewenvironment.Thisisespeciallytruewhenthehomesickoneseesclassmatesadjustingsomewhateffortlessly.Nomatterwhatthecircumstancesarethathavecreated15,communicationbetweenparentsandchildrenmustremainopen,honestandinbalance.1.A.Relatively B.Contrarily C.Helpfully D.Similarly2.A.sacrifice B.privacy C.hesitation D.communication3.A.sensitive B.confident C.casual D.modest4.A.worry B.regret C.cheer D.wonder5.A.uninformed B.curious C.happy D.sensible6.A.attaching B.referring C.adjusting D.leading7.A.strange B.increasing C.awakened D.normal8.A.formally B.frequently C.sincerely D.patiently9.A.disappointing B.confusing C.challenging D.training10.A.damaging B.disturbing C.demanding D.exhausting11.A.protectors B.reminders C.inspectors D.individuals12.A.maintain B.establish C.restore D.cut13.A.relief B.responsibility C.achievement D.embarrassment14.A.getboredwith B.getupsetwith C.beignorantof D.behonestwith15.A.opportunity B.uncertainty C.unhappiness D.nervousness四、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·衡水第一中學(xué)高三)Ofalltheeventsintheuniverse,solareclipsesmaylead1tothegreatestchangeinanimalbehavior.2(puzzle)animalsthatareactiveduringthedayheadbacktotheirnightplaceswhilenightanimalsthinkthey’veoverslept.Whenthesun,moonandtheearthare3astraightline,therewillbeaneclipse,sothatthemooncompletelyblocksthesun.Aroundtheworld,whenasolareclipseoccurs,4(usual)phenomenainanimalsareoftenreported.Somespidersstartbreaking5(they)netsduringtheeclipse,justastheyusuallydoattheendoftheday.Oncethesolareclipsehaspassed,theywillstarttorebuildthem.6(similar),fishandbirds,7areactiveduringtheday,gototheirnightrestingplaceswhilebatscomeout.Theyseemtobetrickedby8suddendarkness.Onceit9(observation)thathipposinZimbabwelefttheirriversduringaneclipse,andheadedtowardstheirnight10(feed)placesondryland.Inthemiddleoftheirjourney,thesolareclipsepassed,daylightreturned,andthehipposgaveuptheirefforts.五、寫(xiě)作寫(xiě)作(一)(2021·新人教版必修三綜合練)根據(jù)下面的提示，以AManofIndependence為題寫(xiě)一篇短文，報(bào)道盲人小王服務(wù)社會(huì)的事跡。1.18歲時(shí)因生病雙目失明；2.自強(qiáng)自立：做家務(wù)、養(yǎng)羊、賣(mài)羊賺錢(qián)、辦廣播站；3.播放節(jié)目：農(nóng)業(yè)知識(shí)、故事、音樂(lè)等；4.結(jié)果：村民富了，村子有了變化，小王享受快樂(lè)。注意：1.不要逐條翻譯；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.詞數(shù)：120左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________寫(xiě)作(二)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2020·河北高三期中)WillieWilsonwouldalwayslivelitetothefullest.HewasMr.Popularatschool,thestarofhismiddleschoolbasketballteam,withdreamsofgoingnationalteam.At13,hislifechanged.Hecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearlyinclass.Hecouldn’treadbookswithoutdifficulty.Soonhehardlyrecognizedhisschoolmatesinthehalls.Hisparentstookhimtotheeyedoctor.Williecouldstillslam-dunklikenooneelse,sotheythoughttherewasnothingserioustoworryabout.Maybehejustneededglasses.Butitkeptgettingworse.By15,hewasalmostcompletelyblind.Williedidn’thandlethesituationverywell.Hecamehomedrunkandpickedfightsatschoolwithanyonewhodaredtomakefunofhisblindness.“Iwastryingtoshow