貴州2025自考[海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)]英語(yǔ)（二）易錯(cuò)題專(zhuān)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共10題，每題1分）1.Therapiddevelopmentofmarinetechnologyhas______thetraditionalfishingindustryincoastalareas.A)replacedB)transformedC)declinedD)limited2.Scientistsareconductingresearchto______theimpactofclimatechangeoncoralreefs.A)minimizeB)ignoreC)eliminateD)enhance3.The______ofdeep-seaminingremainsacontroversialissueininternationalmarinelaw.A)explorationB)exploitationC)protectionD)preservation4.Manymarineorganismshaveadaptedtosurvivein______conditionswithextremepressure.A)shallowB)moderateC)extremeD)artificial5.The______layeroftheoceaniscrucialforglobalheatdistribution.A)epipelagicB)mesopelagicC)bathyalD)abyssal6.China's"BlueEconomy"strategyaimstopromotesustainabledevelopmentin______sectors.A)coastalB)terrestrialC)freshwaterD)polar7.The______isacriticalindicatorofoceanacidification.A)temperatureB)salinityC)pHlevelD)oxygencontent8.Marineprotectedareas(MPAs)areestablishedto______biodiversity.A)reduceB)preserveC)exploitD)commercialize9.Theuseofdronesinmarinesurveyshas______traditionalresearchmethods.A)improvedB)replacedC)complicatedD)outdated10.The______isthedeepestpartoftheocean,reachingover11,000meters.A)MarianaTrenchB)GreatBarrierReefC)SargassoSeaD)RedSea二、完形填空（共1題，每題2分，共20分）TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Itspansover2,300kilometersandconsistsofover2,900individualreefsand900islands.Scientistshavelongstudiedthereeftounderstanditsecologicalsignificanceandthethreatsitfaces.Recently,thereefhasbeenhithardby(11)warmingwaters,whichhavecausedwidespreadcoralbleaching.Thisphenomenonoccurswhencoralsexpelthealgaelivingintheirtissues,leavingthem(12)andvulnerable.Effortsarebeingmadeto(13)thereef'shealth.Researchersareexperimentingwithtechniquessuchasartificialreefsandmicroplasticremoval.Additionally,(14)tourismregulationshavebeenimplementedtominimizehumanimpact.TheGreatBarrierReefservesasacritical(15)formarinebiodiversityandclimatechangeresearch,highlightingtheneedforglobalcooperationtoprotectit.11.A)risingB)fallingC)stableD)fluctuating12.A)colorfulB)paleC)aliveD)resilient13.A)restoreB)damageC)ignoreD)monitor14.A)strictB)relaxedC)minimalD)flexible15.A)habitatB)threatC)challengeD)threat三、閱讀理解（共2題，每題10分，共20分）Passage1Deep-seaminingisarapidlyexpandingindustrythataimstoextractvaluablemineralsfromtheoceanfloor.Proponentsarguethatitcouldproviderareearthelementsessentialformoderntechnology.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutitsenvironmentalimpact.Thedeep-seaecosystemisfragileandslowtorecoverfromdisturbances.Plumesofsedimentreleasedduringminingoperationscansmothermarinelife,includingcoralsandfish.Governmentsandinternationalorganizationsaregrapplingwithhowtoregulatedeep-seamining.TheInternationalSeabedAuthority(ISA)hasdraftedguidelinestomitigaterisks,butenforcementremainsachallenge.Somescientistsadvocateforamoratoriumonmininguntilmoreisknownaboutitslong-termeffects.Thedebatehighlightsthetensionbetweeneconomicinterestsandoceanconservation.Questions:1.Whatarethemainargumentsinfavorofdeep-seamining?(5分)2.Whatchallengesdoesdeep-seaminingposetomarineecosystems?(5分)Passage2Chinahasbeeninvestingheavilyinmarinetechnologytosupportits"BlueEconomy"goals.OneofitsmostambitiousprojectsisthedevelopmentofafloatingnuclearpowerplantfortheSouthChinaSea.Theplantaimstoprovidecleanenergytoremotecoastalcommunitieswhilereducingrelianceonfossilfuels.However,environmentalistsworryabouttherisksofnuclearwastedisposalatsea.Anotherinnovationistheuseofautonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs)formarinesurveys.Thesedronescancollectdatainreal-time,improvingefficiencyandaccuracy.Chinahasalsoestablishednumerousmarineresearchstationsalongitscoasttomonitoroceanconditions.Theseeffortsreflectthecountry'scommitmenttosustainablemaritimedevelopment.Questions:1.WhatbenefitsdoesChina'sfloatingnuclearpowerplantaimtoprovide?(5分)2.HowdoestheuseofAUVsbenefitmarineresearch?(5分)四、翻譯（共2題，每題5分，共10分）1.海洋酸化對(duì)珊瑚礁生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，需要全球合作來(lái)減緩其影響。2.貴州省沿海地區(qū)正在推廣生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)漁業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。答案與解析一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.B)transformed解析：Marinetechnologyhaschangedthetraditionalfishingindustry,notreplacedordeclinedit.2.A)minimize解析：Climatechangeaffectscoralreefsnegatively,soscientistsaimtoreduceitsimpact.3.B)exploitation解析：Deep-seamininginvolvestheextractionofresources,whichisinherentlyexploitative.4.C)extreme解析：Deep-seaorganismsthriveinhigh-pressureenvironments.5.A)epipelagic解析：Theepipelagiczone(sunlitlayer)playsakeyroleinheatdistribution.6.A)coastal解析：TheBlueEconomyfocusesonocean-relatedindustriesalongcoastlines.7.C)pHlevel解析：OceanacidificationismeasuredbychangesinpH.8.B)preserve解析：MPAsaredesignedtoprotectbiodiversity.9.A)improved解析：Dronesenhancetraditionalsurveymethodswithoutreplacingthem.10.A)MarianaTrench解析：Itistheworld'sdeepestoceanictrench.二、完形填空11.A)rising解析：Oceanwarmingisaknowncauseofcoralbleaching.12.B)pale解析：Bleachedcoralslosetheircolor.13.A)restore解析：Effortsaimtohealthereef.14.A)strict解析：Regulationsmustminimizeharm.15.A)habitat解析：Thereefisahomeformarinelife.三、閱讀理解Pass