高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省天水市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末階段性檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheEdinburghFestivalFringeisthelargestartsfestivalintheworldandwelcomesartistsandperformersfromallovertheglobeeachAugust.Artistsandperformerstaketostagesathundredsofvenues(活動(dòng)場(chǎng)地)alloverthecitytopresentshowsforeverytaste.Discoverthekeyinformationyou’llneedtoplanatriptotheEdinburghFestivalFringe.DateThisyear’sEdinburghFestivalFringewilltakeplacefromAugust1stto25th,2025.ShowsEveryshowatthefestivalislistedonourwebsite.Showskeepregistering(登記)rightbeforeandevenduringthefestival,soit’sworthcheckingbackthroughoutthesummertoseewhat’sbeenadded.AppWeworkwithBloombergConnectsonaspecialguidetotheEdinburghFestivalFringe.Thefreeappisavailabletodownloadandtellsthefestival’sstoryacrossmorethansevendecadesinover40languages,sharingthebackgroundtothefestival’slivelystreetperformerhistoryandhighlightingsomeofthefamousfaceswhohavemadetheirnameshere.TicketsAllFringeshowsaree-ticketed—here’showitworks:Onceyoubookyourtickets,youwillreceiveaconfirmationemailcontainingaQRcode(二維碼)thatthestaffwillscanwhenyouarrivetoseeyourshow.Youcanshowthecodeonyourdeviceorprintitoffathome.Ifyoubookmorethanoneshowinthesamedeal,youcanusethesameQRcodeforallbookingsinthatdeal.YoucanalsofindyourQRcodesinthe“Mytickets”areaofyouraccountandintheofficialEdFringeapp.Ifyoudonothaveasmartphoneorrequireaphysicalticketforaccessibilityreasons,ourboxofficewillbehappytoprintoneforyou.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheEdinburghFestivalFringeof2025?A.Itisheldtwiceayear. B.ItlastsforoverthreeweeksinAugust.C.Itfeaturesperformancesbylocalartists. D.Visitorsneedtobookticketsmonthsinadvance.2.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheBloombergConnectsapp?A.Tosellticketsfortheshows. B.Toupdateshowinformation.C.Tofollowthefestival’shistory. D.Tohelpartistsregistertheirshows.3.HowcanvisitorsaccessthevenuesofEdinburghFestivalFringe?A.ByshowingtheirQRcode. B.Bycallingtheboxoffice.C.BypresentingtheirIDcard. D.Byshowingtheirdealrecord.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2025年愛(ài)丁堡藝術(shù)節(jié)的一些情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Date部分“Thisyear’sEdinburghFestivalFringewilltakeplacefromAugust1stto25th,2025.(今年的愛(ài)丁堡藝術(shù)節(jié)將于2025年8月1日至25日舉行)”可知，2025年的愛(ài)丁堡藝術(shù)節(jié)在八月份會(huì)持續(xù)超過(guò)三周。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)App部分“Thefreeappisavailabletodownloadandtellsthefestival’sstoryacrossmorethansevendecadesinover40languages,sharingthebackgroundtothefestival’slivelystreetperformerhistoryandhighlightingsomeofthefamousfaceswhohavemadetheirnameshere.(這款免費(fèi)的應(yīng)用程序可供下載，它以超過(guò)40種語(yǔ)言講述了這個(gè)節(jié)慶活動(dòng)跨越70多年的發(fā)展歷程，涵蓋了其充滿(mǎn)活力的街頭表演者的歷史背景，并介紹了在此成名的一些著名人物)”可知，“彭博連接”應(yīng)用程序的主要功能是了解該節(jié)日的歷史。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tickets部分“Onceyoubookyourtickets,youwillreceiveaconfirmationemailcontainingaQRcode(二維碼)thatthestaffwillscanwhenyouarrivetoseeyourshow.(一旦你預(yù)訂好票，你將會(huì)收到一封包含二維碼的確認(rèn)郵件。當(dāng)你到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看演出時(shí)，工作人員會(huì)掃描這個(gè)二維碼以確認(rèn)你的身份)”可知，游客們可以通過(guò)展示他們的二維碼到達(dá)愛(ài)丁堡藝術(shù)節(jié)的各個(gè)演出場(chǎng)地。故選A。BIgrewupasanonlychild,enjoyingfree-rangechildhoodadventuresinnature.Iwoulddisappearintotheforest,fascinatedbythemysteriousstoriesofanimalsaroundme.WhenIwasaboutseven,Icameacrossalittlecatseriouslyinjuredbyaboard.Thevet(獸醫(yī))examinedhermouthandsaid,“She’snotgoingtomakeit.”Icouldn’tunderstandhowheknewthat.Thatmomentawakenedmyinterestinunderstandinganimals,andIdecidedtobecomeavet.Ieventuallyearnedadegreeandspentover25yearsworkingasanenvironmentalhealthscientist.In2017,concernsaboutantibioticresistance(抗生素抗藥性)ledtheUSgovernmenttochangelaws,meaningbeekeeperscouldnolongerbuyantibioticsoverthecounter;theynowrequiredaprescription(處方).Thischangeinspiredmetoestablishaveterinarypracticespecificallyforbees—auniquefieldintheUS.Asabeevet,Iassistbeekeepersfacingvariousissuesintheirhives(蜂箱).Europeanfoulbrood,adiseaseoftendetectablebyitsspecialsweetsmell,isespeciallyharmfultobabies.Thequeensurvives,butoverweeksormonths,thecolonyfails.We’vehadterribleweatherhere.Ifbeesarestrugglingtofindfood,itcanputthematrisk.LastFebruarywasreallywarm,andwildbeeswerecomingoutofhibernation(冬眠)onlytofindnothingforthemtoeat.Thismismatchintimingisoneoftheleadingriskstobothhoneybeesandwildbees.Honeybeesareprotectedfromsomeenvironmentalpressuresbecausewehousethem,wefeedthem,andwecareforthem.ItisthewildbeesthatI’mextremelyworriedabout—theydependonhowwelltheenvironmentissupportingthem.Myfirstapproachtolearningthisprofessionwasbooks,butbookscanonlytakemesofar.Ifeellikeeverybeeissopreciousnow,especiallyearlyintheyear.Thatisoftenwhenthewildbeequeensareoutandmaybeweak.Savinghercansaveawholecolony.Soalotisrestingonthatonebee:IfIcanhelpher,Iwill.4.Whatinspiredtheauthortobecomeavet?A.Theexperiencesofraisingpetcats.B.Thejoyofexploringnatureasachild.C.Theneedforavetspecializinginbees.D.Thewordsofavetaboutaninjuredcat.5.Whydidtheauthorestablishaveterinarypracticeforbees?A.Thegovernmentbannedantibioticsforbees.B.Beekeepersneededprescriptionsforantibiotics.C.Beediseaseshadbecomemoredifficulttotreat.D.BeekeepinghadbecomemorepopularintheUS.6.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisprobablythedeadliestthreattowildbees?A.Theoveruseofantibiotics.B.Theincreasedhoneydemands.C.Theabnormalweatherpatterns.D.Thecompetitionfromfarmedbees.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AVet’sJourneytoSavingBeesB.ANewChallengeforBeekeepersC.TheHiddenDangersofAntibioticsD.TheConcerningLossofBeePopulation【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者從兒時(shí)因一只受傷的小貓萌生成為獸醫(yī)的想法，到后來(lái)因政策變化而專(zhuān)門(mén)為蜜蜂建立獸醫(yī)診所的經(jīng)歷，以及作者對(duì)蜜蜂尤其是野生蜜蜂生存狀況的擔(dān)憂(yōu)和救助行動(dòng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenIwasaboutseven,Icameacrossalittlecatseriouslyinjuredbyaboard.Thevet(獸醫(yī))examinedhermouthandsaid,“She’snotgoingtomakeit.”Icouldn’tunderstandhowheknewthat.Thatmomentawakenedmyinterestinunderstandinganimals,andIdecidedtobecomeavet.(在我大約七歲的時(shí)候，我遇到了一只被木板嚴(yán)重弄傷的小貓。獸醫(yī)檢查了她的嘴，然后說(shuō)：“她撐不下去了?！蔽也幻靼姿窃趺粗赖?。那一刻喚起了我想要了解動(dòng)物的興趣，于是我決定成為一名獸醫(yī)。)”可知，是獸醫(yī)關(guān)于受傷小貓的話(huà)讓作者決定成為一名獸醫(yī)。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In2017,concernsaboutantibioticresistance(抗生素抗藥性)ledtheUSgovernmenttochangelaws,meaningbeekeeperscouldnolongerbuyantibioticsoverthecounter;theynowrequiredaprescription(處方).Thischangeinspiredmetoestablishaveterinarypracticespecificallyforbees—auniquefieldintheUS.(2017年，對(duì)抗生素耐藥性的擔(dān)憂(yōu)促使美國(guó)政府修改了法律，這意味著養(yǎng)蜂人不能再在柜臺(tái)上購(gòu)買(mǎi)抗生素；他們現(xiàn)在需要處方。這一變化啟發(fā)我專(zhuān)門(mén)為蜜蜂建立了一個(gè)獸醫(yī)診所——這是美國(guó)一個(gè)獨(dú)特的領(lǐng)域。)”可知，作者建立蜜蜂獸醫(yī)診所是因?yàn)轲B(yǎng)蜂人需要抗生素處方。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“LastFebruarywasreallywarm,andwildbeeswerecomingoutofhibernation(冬眠)onlytofindnothingforthemtoeat.Thismismatchintimingisoneoftheleadingriskstobothhoneybeesandwildbees.(去年二月天氣非常暖和，野生蜜蜂結(jié)束冬眠出來(lái)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有東西可吃。這種時(shí)間上的不匹配是對(duì)蜜蜂和野生蜂的主要威脅之一。)”以及第五段中“ItisthewildbeesthatI’mextremelyworriedabout—theydependonhowwelltheenvironmentissupportingthem.(我特別擔(dān)心的是野生蜜蜂——它們依賴(lài)于環(huán)境對(duì)它們的支持程度。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為異常的天氣模式可能是野生蜜蜂面臨的最致命威脅。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Thatmomentawakenedmyinterestinunderstandinganimals,andIdecidedtobecomeavet.(那一刻喚醒了我對(duì)了解動(dòng)物的興趣，我決定成為一名獸醫(yī)。)”以及第二段中“Thischangeinspiredmetoestablishaveterinarypracticespecificallyforbees—auniquefieldintheUS.(這一變化啟發(fā)我專(zhuān)門(mén)為蜜蜂建立了一個(gè)獸醫(yī)診所——這是美國(guó)一個(gè)獨(dú)特的領(lǐng)域。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者從兒時(shí)因一只受傷的小貓萌生成為獸醫(yī)的想法，到后來(lái)因政策變化而專(zhuān)門(mén)為蜜蜂建立獸醫(yī)診所的經(jīng)歷，以及作者對(duì)蜜蜂尤其是野生蜜蜂生存狀況的擔(dān)憂(yōu)和救助行動(dòng)，A項(xiàng)“AVet’sJourneytoSavingBees(一位獸醫(yī)拯救蜜蜂的歷程)”符合文章主旨，適宜作為標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CPhiladelphia,oftenreferredtoasPhilly,isamajorcitylocatedalongtheDelawareRiverinPennsylvania,astateinthenortheasternUnitedStates.Foundedinthe1680sbyanEnglishmanWilliamPenn,whoalsoplanneditslayout(布局),thecitywasnamedPhiladelphia—awordPennunderstoodtomean“cityofbrotherlylove”inGreek.Philadelphiaservedasthenation’scapitalfrom1785to1790.Earlier,itwasthecapitaloftheAmericancolonies(殖民地)duringmostoftheRevolutionaryWaragainstBritain.Philadelphiabecamethecentralmeetingplaceforthe“FoundingFathers”whocreatedtheUnitedStatesgovernment.ThebuildingswheretheyworkedcanbeseentodayinanareacalledtheOldCity,orIndependenceNationalHistoricalPark.ThemainbuildingisIndependenceHall.Thatwaswherecolonialleadersdeclaredindependenceandlaterdebatedthecreationofagovernment.NeartheparkstandsNationalLiberty(自由)Museum,housingoverninetypaintingsandsculptures,whichrepresenttheideathatlibertyisafreedomthatiseasilybroken.SeveralblocksawayliesNationalConstitution(美國(guó)憲法)Center,aprivatelyoperatednonprofitmuseumthatopeneditsdoorsinPhiladelphiaonJuly4,2003.ThemuseumwascreatedtoincreasepublicrecognitionoftheConstitution,itshistoryanditsimportancetoday.VisitorsherearepresentedwiththeideathatthemostimportantpartofAmericanconstitutionaldemocracy(立憲民主)istheindividualcitizen.Philadelphiaalsooffersplentyforvisitorswhoarelessconcernedabouthistoryandmoreconcernedabouttheirstomachs.Therearemanyfoodchoicesforfoodies,includingatypicalsandwich—thePhillycheesesteak,usuallymadeofthinpiecesofmeatcoveredwithcheese,offeredwithonionsandothertoppingsandservedonalongroll.AndwherecanthebestPhillycheesesteakbefound?Thatquestionisthesubjectofmuchdebate—onewaytosettleit:trythemallanddecideforyourself!8.WhatdidWilliamPenndowithPhiladelphia?A.Hedesigneditinperson. B.Henameditwithhislanguage.C.Heruineditandrebuiltit. D.HebroughtinGreektraditions.9.Whatdoesparagraph2focusonaboutPhiladelphia?A.Itshistoricalunrest. B.Itsmainattractions.C.Itsarchitecturestyle. D.Itshistoricalplace.10.WhywasNationalConstitutionCenterfounded?A.Toincreaseprofitsforaprivatemuseum. B.TohonorthemakersoftheConstitution.C.ToeducatevisitorsabouttheConstitution. D.Tocollectopinionsfromordinarycitizens.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodothroughthedebateinthelastparagraph?A.Doubtthelocalfood. B.Makeaninvitationtovisitors.C.Introduceafoodrecipe. D.Remindvisitorstowatchoutfordanger.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了費(fèi)城的歷史地位、主要景點(diǎn)以及美食特色?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Foundedinthe1680sbyanEnglishmanWilliamPenn,whoalsoplanneditslayout(布局),thecitywasnamedPhiladelphia—awordPennunderstoodtomean‘cityofbrotherlylove’inGreek.(這座城市由英國(guó)人威廉·佩恩于17世紀(jì)80年代創(chuàng)建，他還規(guī)劃了城市的布局，并將其命名為費(fèi)城——佩恩認(rèn)為這個(gè)詞在希臘語(yǔ)中是‘博愛(ài)的城市’的意思)”可知，威廉·佩恩親自設(shè)計(jì)了費(fèi)城的布局。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Philadelphiaservedasthenation’scapitalfrom1785to1790.Earlier,itwasthecapitaloftheAmericancolonies(殖民地)duringmostoftheRevolutionaryWaragainstBritain.Philadelphiabecamethecentralmeetingplaceforthe‘FoundingFathers’whocreatedtheUnitedStatesgovernment.(費(fèi)城在1785年至1790年期間曾是美國(guó)首都。早些時(shí)候，在反對(duì)英國(guó)的大多數(shù)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，它是美國(guó)殖民地的首都。費(fèi)城成為創(chuàng)建美國(guó)政府的‘開(kāi)國(guó)元?jiǎng)住闹醒爰瘯?huì)地)”以及下文對(duì)費(fèi)城歷史地位的進(jìn)一步闡述可知，第二段主要介紹了費(fèi)城的歷史地位。故選D。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThemuseumwascreatedtoincreasepublicrecognitionoftheConstitution,itshistoryanditsimportancetoday.(該博物館的創(chuàng)建是為了提高公眾對(duì)憲法、憲法歷史及其當(dāng)今重要性的認(rèn)識(shí))”可知，國(guó)家憲法中心的成立是為了教育參觀者了解憲法。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“AndwherecanthebestPhillycheesesteakbefound?Thatquestionisthesubjectofmuchdebate—onewaytosettleit:trythemallanddecideforyourself!(哪里能找到最好的費(fèi)城奶酪牛排三明治呢？這個(gè)問(wèn)題一直是人們爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)——解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)方法是：把所有的都嘗一遍，然后自己決定！)”可知，作者通過(guò)最后一段的辯論想邀請(qǐng)游客來(lái)費(fèi)城品嘗美食。故選B。DNASA’sArtemisprogram,aimedatreturninghumanstothemoon,hasfacedfurtherdelays.Americanswillnextseeastronauts(宇航員)onthemooninSeptember2026.Artemis2,amissiontoflyaroundthemoonwithfourastronauts,isnowscheduledforApril2026,deferredfromitsoriginaltargetofSeptember2025.Artemis3,whichaimstolandastronautsonthemoonforthefirsttimeinover50years,isnowplannedformid-2027.TheArtemisprogramispartofNASA’seffortstoestablishahumanpresenceonthemoon,withplanstobuildlunarbasesthatcouldeventuallysupportmissionstoMara.Theprogramhasfacedseveraldelaysandisexpectedtocost$93billionbytheendof2025.AccordingtoNASA’sassociateadministratorforexplorationsystemsdevelopment,theseupdatesarekeytoensuringthesafetyofthemissionsanddevelopingthenecessarytechnologyforfutureMarsmissions.ThedelayswereannouncedfollowinganexaminationontheOrionspacecraft’sheatshield(熱屏障),whichprotectsastronautsfromtheextremeheatofre-enteringtheEarth’satmosphere.Duringthe2022Artemis1unmannedtestmission,engineersdiscoveredfaultsintheheatshield.Hotgasestrappedinsidetheshield’souterlayercausedcracks(裂開(kāi)),althoughareaswherethematerialwasmorepermeable(可滲透的)allowedgasestoescape,preventingdamage.NASAassuresthatifanastronauthadbeenaboardArtemis1,theywouldhaveremainedsafedespitetheheatshieldissues.Topreventsimilarproblems,engineerswilladjust(調(diào)整)there-entrypathforArtemis2,reducingthetimeOrionspendsinhightemperatures.ThisadjustmentisbasedonfindingsthattheguidanceentrytechniqueusedinArtemis1allowedtoomuchheattobuildup.TheupdatedtimelinewillgiveNASAtimetoaddresstechnicalissueswhilekeepingthescheduleasclosetotheoriginalaspossible.TheArtemisprogramispartofanewspaceracetoreachthemoon’ssouthpole.NASA’sadministratorexpressedconfidenceinovercomingchallengesandstressedtheimportanceofgettingthenexttestflightrighttoensurethesuccessoftheArtemisprogram.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deferred”inparagraph1mean?A.Putoff. B.Calledon. C.Selected. D.Completed.13.WhatisthereasonforthedelaysintheArtemisprogram?A.Alackofastronauts. B.Financiallimitation.C.Technicalproblems. D.Anenvironmentalexamination.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theadjustmentoftheastronauts.B.Thesolutiontotheheatshieldissues.C.Thesafetyofengineersinfuturemissions.D.ThefailureofentrytotheEarth’satmosphere.15.WhatistheNASAadministrator’sattitudetotheArtemisprogram?A.Watchful. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章圍繞NASA的Artemis計(jì)劃展開(kāi)，報(bào)道了該計(jì)劃面臨的進(jìn)一步延遲這一新聞事件，包括具體任務(wù)的延遲時(shí)間、延遲原因、應(yīng)對(duì)措施、計(jì)劃調(diào)整影響以及相關(guān)人員的表態(tài)等內(nèi)容?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在語(yǔ)境“Artemis2,amissiontoflyaroundthemoonwithfourastronauts,isnowscheduledforApril2026,deferredfromitsoriginaltargetofSeptember2025.(原本計(jì)劃于2025年9月執(zhí)行的Artemis2號(hào)任務(wù)——搭載4名宇航員繞月飛行——現(xiàn)已deferred至2026年4月。)”可知，該任務(wù)的時(shí)間從原計(jì)劃的2025年9月推遲到了2026年4月。因此，“deferred”在此處意為“推遲”，與選項(xiàng)A“putoff”同義。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThedelayswereannouncedfollowinganexaminationontheOrionspacecraft’sheatshield(熱屏障),whichprotectsastronautsfromtheextremeheatofre-enteringtheEarth’satmosphere.Duringthe2022Artemis1unmannedtestmission,engineersdiscoveredfaultsintheheatshield.(此次延期是在對(duì)獵戶(hù)座飛船的熱屏障進(jìn)行檢查后宣布的，該熱屏障的作用是保護(hù)宇航員免受重返地球大氣層時(shí)的極端高溫影響。在2022年Artemis1號(hào)無(wú)人測(cè)試任務(wù)中，工程師們發(fā)現(xiàn)了熱屏障存在的缺陷。)”可知，計(jì)劃延期的直接原因是航天器熱屏障存在技術(shù)故障。故選C?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“NASAassuresthatifanastronauthadbeenaboardArtemis1,theywouldhaveremainedsafedespitetheheatshieldissues.Topreventsimilarproblems,engineerswilladjust(調(diào)整)there-entrypathforArtemis2,reducingthetimeOrionspendsinhightemperatures.ThisadjustmentisbasedonfindingsthattheguidanceentrytechniqueusedinArtemis1allowedtoomuchheattobuildup.(美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局保證，即便Artemis1號(hào)任務(wù)中有宇航員在艙內(nèi)，盡管存在熱屏障問(wèn)題，他們也會(huì)是安全的。為防止類(lèi)似問(wèn)題發(fā)生，工程師們將調(diào)整Artemis2號(hào)的重返路徑，以減少獵戶(hù)座飛船在高溫環(huán)境中的停留時(shí)間。這一調(diào)整是基于在Artemis1號(hào)任務(wù)中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題——當(dāng)時(shí)所使用的制導(dǎo)進(jìn)入技術(shù)導(dǎo)致了過(guò)多熱量的積聚。)”可知，第四段主要講述了針對(duì)熱屏障問(wèn)題的解決措施。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“NASA’sadministratorexpressedconfidenceinovercomingchallengesandstressedtheimportanceofgettingthenexttestflightrighttoensurethesuccessoftheArtemisprogram.(美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局局長(zhǎng)對(duì)克服挑戰(zhàn)充滿(mǎn)信心，并強(qiáng)調(diào)確保下一次測(cè)試飛行的成功對(duì)Artemis計(jì)劃的成敗至關(guān)重要。)”可知，局長(zhǎng)對(duì)該計(jì)劃的態(tài)度是積極的，充滿(mǎn)信心。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asstudents,recognizingwhenweneedhelpandseekingoutthesupportareimportantpartsofgrowingup.____16____.Herearesometipstomakeiteasierforyoutoconnectwiththem.BeconsiderateTeacherstrulywanttohelpyou,andit’spartoftheirjob.Sodon’tworrythatyou’rebeingatroublemakeranddon’thesitatetoreachoutforhelp.However,teachersoftenhavepackedschedules.Soit’simportanttobemindfuloftheirtime.Startbygreetingthem,thenpolitelyaskiftheyhaveamomenttochat.____17____.AskspecificquestionsTogetthemostoutofyourtimewithateacher,comepreparedwithfocusedquestions.____18____.Sayingsomethinglike“Idon’tunderstandmathatall”leavestheteacherguessingwheretostart.Instead,bringaspecificproblemyoumissedonatestandaskthemtoexplainyourmistakestepbystep.Inshort,thinkthroughyourconcernsbeforehandandpreparedetailedquestionsforyourteacher.Beproactive____19____.Insteadofwaitinguntilyouseeabadgradeonyourreportcardorfinalexam,reachoutassoonasyounoticeyou’restruggling.Beingproactiveandseekinghelpearly—beforeyoufalltoofarbehind—willmakeitmucheasiertocatchup.____20____Let’ssayyouknowyou’renotgoingtobeabletofinishapaperorotherassignmentsbytheduedate.Youcanapproachtheteacherinadvanceinapositiveandrespectfulmanner,explainyoursituationandaskforanextension(延期).Often,teacherswillgrantyourrequest,andthey’llbemorelikelytobeforgivingifyouarehonestandupfront.A.BehonestB.BeflexibleC.TimingmatterswhenaskingforhelpD.Approachingteacherstoaskforhelpmayseemscary,thoughE.Therefore,it’sfinetoapproachtheteachertoaskforanexplanationF.Ifnot,scheduleabettertimeandnoteitdowntoremindyouofthemeetingG.It’shardtohelpsomeonewhoisunsurewhatexactlythey’restrugglingwith【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.C20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了學(xué)生求助是成長(zhǎng)的重要部分，雖向老師求助可能讓人膽怯，但文章給出了與老師溝通的建議：體諒、問(wèn)具體問(wèn)題、主動(dòng)、誠(chéng)實(shí)等?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Asstudents,recognizingwhenweneedhelpandseekingoutthesupportareimportantpartsofgrowingup.(作為學(xué)生，能夠意識(shí)到自己何時(shí)需要幫助并主動(dòng)尋求幫助，這是成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中非常重要的一部分)”以及后文“Herearesometipstomakeiteasierforyoutoconnectwiththem.(以下是一些有助于你更好地與他們建立聯(lián)系的建議)”和后文內(nèi)容可知，前文提到尋求幫助是成長(zhǎng)的重要部分，后文給出與老師溝通的建議，此處需轉(zhuǎn)折引出“向老師求助可能讓人膽怯”這一現(xiàn)實(shí)，故D選項(xiàng)“雖然向老師求助可能會(huì)讓人感到害怕”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Teacherstrulywanttohelpyou,andit’spartoftheirjob.Sodon’tworrythatyou’rebeingatroublemakeranddon’thesitatetoreachoutforhelp.However,teachersoftenhavepackedschedules.Soit’simportanttobemindfuloftheirtime.Startbygreetingthem,thenpolitelyaskiftheyhaveamomenttochat.(老師們真心希望幫助你們，這也是他們工作的一部分。所以不必?fù)?dān)心自己像是搗亂分子，也不要猶豫去尋求幫助。然而，老師們通常日程安排得很滿(mǎn)。所以要注意珍惜他們的時(shí)間。先向他們打招呼，然后禮貌地詢(xún)問(wèn)他們是否有空聊聊天)”可知，本句呼應(yīng)前文“留意老師時(shí)間”，即，若老師當(dāng)下沒(méi)空，應(yīng)約定合適時(shí)間并記錄，故F選項(xiàng)“如果不行，就安排一個(gè)更好的時(shí)間，并記下來(lái)以提醒自己有這次會(huì)面”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Sayingsomethinglike“Idon’tunderstandmathatall”leavestheteacherguessingwheretostart.Instead,bringaspecificproblemyoumissedonatestandaskthemtoexplainyourmistakestepbystep.Inshort,thinkthroughyourconcernsbeforehandandpreparedetailedquestionsforyourteacher.(比如說(shuō)“我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)完全不懂”這種話(huà)會(huì)讓老師不知從何入手。相反，你可以拿出一次考試中錯(cuò)過(guò)的某個(gè)具體題目，并請(qǐng)老師一步步地解釋你犯的錯(cuò)誤。簡(jiǎn)而言之，事先想清楚你的疑惑所在，并為老師準(zhǔn)備詳細(xì)的問(wèn)題)”可知，后文舉例說(shuō)明模糊提問(wèn)的弊端，故本句與“問(wèn)具體問(wèn)題”的建議呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明幫助對(duì)自己遇到困難不了解的人的困難，故G選項(xiàng)“幫助那些不清楚自己到底在哪些方面遇到困難的人是很困難的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Insteadofwaitinguntilyouseeabadgradeonyourreportcardorfinalexam,reachoutassoonasyounoticeyou’restruggling.Beingproactiveandseekinghelpearly—beforeyoufalltoofarbehind—willmakeitmucheasiertocatchup.(不要等到看到成績(jī)單上的不良成績(jī)或者期末考試不及格時(shí)才去求助，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)自己學(xué)習(xí)有困難，就盡早主動(dòng)尋求幫助。采取主動(dòng)行動(dòng)并盡早尋求幫助（在成績(jī)嚴(yán)重落后之前），會(huì)使得重新趕上進(jìn)度變得容易得多)”可知，后文主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了要盡早求助，即強(qiáng)調(diào)求助時(shí)機(jī)的重要性。故C選項(xiàng)“在尋求幫助時(shí)，時(shí)機(jī)很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Let’ssayyouknowyou’renotgoingtobeabletofinishapaperorotherassignmentsbytheduedate.Youcanapproachtheteacherinadvanceinapositiveandrespectfulmanner,explainyoursituationandaskforanextension(延期).Often,teacherswillgrantyourrequest,andthey’llbemorelikelytobeforgivingifyouarehonestandupfront.(假設(shè)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無(wú)法在截止日期前完成論文或其他作業(yè)。你可以提前以積極且尊重的態(tài)度與老師溝通，說(shuō)明你的情況并請(qǐng)求延期。通常，老師會(huì)批準(zhǔn)你的請(qǐng)求，而且如果你能誠(chéng)實(shí)且坦率地表達(dá)，他們更有可能對(duì)你予以寬容)”可知，段落圍繞“提前說(shuō)明情況、誠(chéng)實(shí)溝通”展開(kāi)，A選項(xiàng)honest對(duì)應(yīng)后文ifyouarehonest。故A選項(xiàng)“要誠(chéng)實(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Evanshadalwaysbeenrefusingtogotoschool.Oneday,hismothergavehimabasketwithexactlytenapplestosendtohisgrandmother.Theshinyredfruitlookedtootempting(誘人的),andhe____21____eatingonealongtheway.WhenEvansarrived,hesawhisgrandmothertakeoutasmall____22____fromthebasketandexaminewhathethoughtthestrange____23____onit.Thenhisgrandmothersaid,“Thereshouldbetenapples,butIonlyseenine.”Evanwas____24____:Howcouldonearthshefigureitout?Withsomehesitation,he____25____takingone.Thefollowingweek,hismotherentrustedhimwithanother____26____—thistime,abasketofcakes.Theywerefreshlybaked,andEvanscouldn’t____27____eatingtwobeforereachinghisgrandmother’shouse,____28____thathisgrandmothercouldn’tnoticethistime.However,againhisgrandmothercheckedthepaperandfoundoutthereweretwocakesmissing.Theboywascompletelyconfused:Itmustbe____29____!Howdidshealwaysfindout?Thenhisgrandmotherexplained,“It’ssimply____30____writingandcounting.Thisnote____31____howmanyitemsshouldbeeachtime.Ifyouwenttoschool,youcouldunderstandthistoo.”TheexperienceexcitedEvans’____32____aboutlearning.Theboystartedattendingschoolwithnewfound____33____,graduallydiscoveringthewondersofliteracy,mathematics,andcriticalthinking,eventuallygrowingintoaknowledgeableman.Whathehad____34____turneddownchangedintoinvaluabletoolsforunderstandingthe____35____.21.A.endedup B.gaveup C.thoughtof D.focusedon22.A.book B.tip C.note D.update23.A.applications B.warnings C.qualities D.markings24.A.shocked B.annoyed C.gifted D.pleased25.A.regretted B.admitted C.enjoyed D.suggested26.A.struggle B.repair C.delivery D.decoration27.A.imagine B.forget C.practice D.help28.A.confident B.uncertain C.anxious D.afraid29.A.outcome B.faith C.magic D.quality30.A.exceptfor B.alongwith C.apartfrom D.dueto31.A.recommends B.documents C.picks D.adds32.A.curiosity B.doubt C.argument D.anger33.A.dependence B.credit C.eagerness D.strategy34.A.officially B.effectively C.partly D.originally35.A.rule B.world C.nature D.past【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了埃文斯總拒絕上學(xué)，媽媽兩次讓他給奶奶送東西，他偷吃了蘋(píng)果和蛋糕，卻被奶奶通過(guò)紙條計(jì)數(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)。奶奶解釋是文字和計(jì)數(shù)的作用，這激發(fā)了他的求知欲，他開(kāi)始上學(xué)，最終成為有學(xué)識(shí)的人?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：色澤鮮紅的果實(shí)看起來(lái)太誘人了，結(jié)果他途中就吃掉了一個(gè)。A.endedup結(jié)束；B.gaveup放棄；C.thoughtof考慮到；D.focusedon集中。根據(jù)后文“eatingonealongtheway”可知，埃文斯被蘋(píng)果誘惑，最終在路上吃了一個(gè)。endedupdoing表示“最終做了某事”，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)埃文斯到達(dá)時(shí)，他看到他的奶奶從籃子里拿出一張小紙條，仔細(xì)查看上面那些他認(rèn)為很奇怪的符號(hào)。A.book書(shū)籍；B.tip建議；C.note便條；D.update更新。后文提到“thisnote”可知奶奶從籃子里拿出的是“便條（note）”，用于記錄數(shù)量。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)埃文斯到達(dá)時(shí)，他看到他的奶奶從籃子里拿出一張小紙條，仔細(xì)查看上面那些他認(rèn)為很奇怪的符號(hào)。A.applications申請(qǐng)；B.warnings警告；C.qualities品質(zhì)；D.markings標(biāo)記。根據(jù)上文“fromthebasketandexaminewhathethoughtthestrange”可知，埃文斯不懂文字，所以覺(jué)得便條上的“標(biāo)記（markings）”很奇怪，指文字符號(hào)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：埃文感到十分震驚：她究竟是怎么想到的呢？A.shocked震驚的；B.annoyed生氣的；C.gifted有天賦的；D.pleased高興的。根據(jù)上文“Thereshouldbetenapples,butIonlyseenine.(原本應(yīng)該有十個(gè)蘋(píng)果的，但我只看到了九個(gè))”可知，奶奶準(zhǔn)確說(shuō)出蘋(píng)果少了一個(gè)，埃文斯對(duì)此感到“震驚（shocked）”。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他有些遲疑地承認(rèn)自己確實(shí)偷吃了一個(gè)。A.regretted后悔；B.admitted承認(rèn)；C.enjoyed欣賞；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)后文“takingone”可知，在奶奶的追問(wèn)下，埃文斯猶豫后“承認(rèn)（admitted）”自己吃了一個(gè)。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來(lái)的一周，他的母親又委托他一項(xiàng)“送貨”任務(wù)——這次是送一籃子蛋糕。A.struggle努力；B.repair修理；C.delivery遞送；D.decoration裝飾。根據(jù)后文“thistime,abasketofcakes”可知，媽媽再次托付他送東西，delivery表示“遞送的任務(wù)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些蛋糕是剛出爐的，埃文斯在到達(dá)奶奶家之前忍不住吃了兩塊，他確信這次奶奶不會(huì)察覺(jué)到。A.imagine想象；B.forget忘記；C.practice練習(xí)；D.help幫助。根據(jù)后文“eatingtwo”可知，埃文斯忍不住吃了兩個(gè)蛋糕，短語(yǔ)couldn’thelpdoingsth.表示“忍不住做某事”。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些蛋糕是剛出爐的，埃文斯在到達(dá)奶奶家之前忍不住吃了兩塊，他確信這次奶奶不會(huì)察覺(jué)到。A.confident自信的；B.uncertain不確定的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)后文“hisgrandmothercouldn’tnoticethistime”可知，他以為這次奶奶不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此“自信（confident）”。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)男孩完全摸不著頭腦：這一定是魔法的效果！A.outcome結(jié)果；B.faith信念；C.magic魔法；D.quality質(zhì)量。根據(jù)上文“However,againhisgrandmothercheckedthepaperandfoundoutthereweretwocakesmissing.(然而，他的祖母再次查看了那張紙，發(fā)現(xiàn)少了兩塊蛋糕)”可知，奶奶再次發(fā)現(xiàn)少了東西，埃文斯覺(jué)得這一定是“魔法（magic）”。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然后他的奶奶解釋道：“這僅僅是因?yàn)闀?shū)寫(xiě)和計(jì)數(shù)的緣故。”A.exceptfor除了；B.alongwith與……一起；C.apartfrom除了……之外；D.dueto因?yàn)?。根?jù)后文“writingandcounting”可知，奶奶解釋原因是“由于（dueto）”文字和計(jì)數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：便條記錄了每次有多少件物品。A.recommends建議；B.documents記錄；C.picks挑選；D.adds增加。根據(jù)后文“howmanyitemsshouldbeeachtime”指便條“記錄（documents）”了每次應(yīng)有的數(shù)量，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了埃文斯對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的濃厚興趣。A.curiosity好奇心；B.doubt懷疑；C.argument爭(zhēng)論；D.anger憤怒。根據(jù)后文“graduallydiscoveringthewondersofliteracy,mathematics,andcriticalthinking”可知，開(kāi)始好好學(xué)習(xí)說(shuō)明這次經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了埃文斯對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的“好奇心（curiosity）”。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)男孩開(kāi)始上學(xué)時(shí)充滿(mǎn)了新的熱情，逐漸領(lǐng)略到了讀寫(xiě)、數(shù)學(xué)和批判性思維的奇妙之處，最終成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)知識(shí)淵博的人。A.dependence依靠；B.credit信用；C.eagerness渴望、熱情；D.strategy策略。上文“TheexperienceexcitedEvans’…aboutlearning.”提到激發(fā)了好奇心，所以他帶著新的“熱情（eagerness）”開(kāi)始上學(xué)。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他最初拒絕接受的東西后來(lái)卻變成了理解這個(gè)世界不可或缺的工具。A.officially正式地；B.effectively有效地；C.partly部分地；D.originally最初。根據(jù)上文“Evanshadalwaysbeenrefusingtogotoschool.(埃文斯一直都不愿意去上學(xué))”可知，他“最初（originally）”拒絕的上學(xué)，后來(lái)成了寶貴的工具。故選D。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他最初拒絕接受的東西后來(lái)卻變成了理解這個(gè)世界不可或缺的工具。A.rule規(guī)則；B.world世界；C.nature自然；D.past過(guò)去。根據(jù)上文“graduallydiscoveringthewondersofliteracy,mathematics,andcriticalthinking,eventuallygrowingintoaknowledgeableman(逐漸領(lǐng)略到了讀寫(xiě)、數(shù)學(xué)和批判性思維的奇妙之處，最終成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)知識(shí)淵博的人)”可知，知識(shí)成為理解“世界（world）”的工具，故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inspiredbythemural(壁畫(huà))artinDunhuang,GansuProvince,___36___keycenteralongtheancienttraderoute,designerFanYanyanhasbeendesigningsilkworksthatpromoteculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandCentralAsia.In2023,whentheChina-Centra