高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀技能（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASportsaregoodforourhealth.Nowadaysballgamesarepopularwithmanyyoungpeople.Herearethreekindsofgames.BowlingItisanindoorgame.Theplayerstaketurnstorollabowlingballtowards10bowlingpins(球瓶).Eachplayerhastwotriestoknockdownthepins.Pointsarescoredaccordingtothenumberofpinsknockeddown.MinigolfItisanoutdoorgame.Thereare18holesinaminigolfcourse.Eachplayerhassevenchancestohittheballintoeachhole.Thetimesofhittingwillberecorded.Thatisthescore.Thepersonwiththelowestscorewins.BeachvolleyballItisanoutdoorgame.Thegameisheldonthesand.Therearetwoplayersineachteam.Theystandoneachsideofthenet.Whowins?Usually,thefirstteamwith21pointswinsthegame.1.Whichsportisanindoorgame?A.Bowling. B.Minigolf. C.Beachvolleyball.2.Howmanyholesarethereinaminigolfcourse?A.Eight. B.Eighteen. C.Twenty-one.3.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Asportsmagazine. C.Asciencebook.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三種不同類型的球類運(yùn)動(dòng)（保齡球、迷你高爾夫和沙灘排球），每種運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)、玩法以及計(jì)分方式?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第一段中的“Itisanindoorgame.(它是一項(xiàng)室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，保齡球是一項(xiàng)室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第二段中的“Thereare18holesinaminigolfcourse.(在一個(gè)迷你高爾夫球場(chǎng)上有18個(gè)洞。)”可知，迷你高爾夫球場(chǎng)上有18個(gè)洞。故選B。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“Sportsaregoodforourhealth.Nowadaysballgamesarepopularwithmanyyoungpeople.Herearethreekindsofgames.(運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我們的健康有益。如今，球類運(yùn)動(dòng)深受許多年輕人的喜愛。這里有三種游戲類型。)”可知，這篇文章介紹三種球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，故本文來自于運(yùn)動(dòng)雜志。故選B。BYangZhiyangisa23-year-oldboyfromBaoji,ShaanxiProvince.Hehasbecomeanexampleforyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(漸凍癥).Yang’smother,SuJing,gotALSin2010andshecouldn’tdonormalthingseasily.BecauseYang’sfatherhadtoworkforlonghourstomakemoney,Yangstartedtotakecareofhismotherafterfinishingcollegein2020.Becauseofthedisease,Yang’smotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.Sheneedstobecarriedupanddownthestairs.Shealsohasdifficultyspeaking.Shecanstilltypeonhermobilephone,butmostofthetime,shechoosestocommunicatewithhersoninanotherway.“MymotherandIuseeyecontact(接觸)formostofourcommunication,”Yangsays.“Forexample,whenshewantstosleep,sheuseshereyestoshowthatsheistired,andsheturnsherheadtowardsthebedroom.Andwhensheneedswater,shewilllookatthewatercuponthetable.”Formanythings,Yanghastobeverycareful,includinghelpinghermotherbatheandusethetoilet.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,Yangenjoysallthetimehespendswithhismother.Heaccompanies(陪伴)hereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.Yang’sloveforhismotherhastouchedmanypeople.ButYangsaysit’sonlynaturalthatheshouldtakecareofhismother.“Mymotherbroughtmeup.I’mjustdoingwhatasonshoulddo,”hesays.4.WhendidYangstarttakingcareofhismother?A.WhenhismothergotALSin2010.B.Whenhewasincollegein2020.C.Afterfinishingcollegein2020.5.HowdoesYangcommunicatewithhismothermostofthetime?A.Byusingeyecontact.B.Bywritingonthepaper.C.Bytypingonhermobilephone.6.Whatisthepurpose(目的)ofwritingthispassage?A.ToshowreadershowtofightagainstALS.B.TotellastoryofaboycaringforhismotherwithALS.C.TocallonreaderstocaremoreaboutpeoplewithALS.【答案】4.C5.A6.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文介紹了楊志陽照顧患漸凍癥母親的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BecauseYang’sfatherhadtoworkforlonghourstomakemoney,Yangstartedtotakecareofhismotherafterfinishingcollegein2020.”（因?yàn)楦赣H要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作賺錢，楊在2020年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就開始照顧母親。）可知，楊在2020年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就開始照顧母親。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“MymotherandIuseeyecontactformostofourcommunication”（我媽媽和我在大多數(shù)交流中都使用眼神交流）可知，楊和他的母親大部分時(shí)間通過眼神交流。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“YangZhiyangisa23-year-oldboyfromBaoji,ShaanxiProvince.Hehasbecomeanexampleforyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(漸凍癥).”（楊志陽是一個(gè)23歲的男孩，來自陜西省寶雞市。為了照顧患有漸凍癥的母親，他全職工作，成為了年輕人的榜樣。）可知，短文的目的是講述一個(gè)男孩照顧患有漸凍癥的母親的故事。故選B項(xiàng)。CPeoplehavelongbeendreamingoflivingonMarsoneday.ButMarsdoesn’thaveenoughoxygen(氧氣)forustobreathe!Luckily,somesmartscientistsfromChinaworkedwitharobotcalledthe“MachineChemist”tofindawaytomakeoxygenonMars.Together,theyfoundacatalyst(催化劑)thathelpsmakeoxygenfasterwithlessenergy.Asweknow,Marshasalittlebitofwater,andscientistshavefoundawaytousesunlighttogetoxygenfromthewater.Buthere’sthedifficultpart:Theyneededacatalysttospeeduptheprocess,andbringingthecatalystfromEarthtoMarswouldbeexpensive.That’swhythe“MachineChemist”,knownasXiaoLai,comesin.XiaoLaiissmartandcanlearn,think,anddoexperiments.Ithasreadover50,000scientificpapersbeforeitfoundtheperfectmethodforthecatalyst.Canyouimaginehowmanycombinations(組合)scientistshadtotry?Morethan3.76million!Itwouldhavetakenhumansthousandsofyearstotestthemall,butdon’tworry—XiaoLaididthejobinsixweeks!Thescientistsareexcitedaboutthisbreakthrough(重大進(jìn)展)becauseitopensupnewchancesforexploring(探索)space.ThisdiscoveryisahugedealbecauseitmeanswecanmakeoxygenonMarswithoutbringingeverythingfromEarth.7.WhoworkedwiththescientiststofindawaytomakeoxygenonMars?A.Ateamofastronauts.B.Arobotcalled“MachineChemist”.C.Agroupofengineers.8.WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasespeedupmeaninChinese?A.阻止 B.減緩 C.加快9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.TheadvantagesoftherobotXiaoLai.B.ThedisadvantagesoftherobotXiaoLai.C.ThereasonwhyscientistsworkedwiththerobotXiaoLai.10.Whyarescientistsexcitedaboutthebreakthrough?A.BecauseithelpssolveEarth’spollutionproblems.B.BecauseitmakesustravelfastertoMars.C.Becauseitopensupnewchancesforexploringspace.【答案】7.B8.C9.A10.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述“機(jī)器化學(xué)家小來”幫助科學(xué)家一起發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種催化劑，可以幫助在火星上用更少的能量更快地制造氧氣?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Luckily,somesmartscientistsfromChinaworkedwitharobotcalledthe“MachineChemist”tofindawaytomakeoxygenonMars.(幸運(yùn)的是，一些來自中國(guó)的聰明科學(xué)家與一個(gè)名為“機(jī)器化學(xué)家”的機(jī)器人合作，找到了在火星上制造氧氣的方法)”可知，“機(jī)器化學(xué)家”和科學(xué)家們一起尋找在火星上制作氧氣的方法，故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Together,theyfoundacatalyst(催化劑)thathelpsmakeoxygenfasterwithlessenergy.(他們一起發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種催化劑，可以幫助用更少的能量更快地制造氧氣)”可知，催化劑可以幫助更快地制造氧氣，由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞所在句意為“但困難的是：他們需要一種催化劑來加快這一過程，而將催化劑從地球帶到火星將是昂貴的”，speedup意為“加快”，故選C。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合“XiaoLaiissmartandcanlearn,think,anddoexperiments.(小來很聰明，會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，會(huì)思考，會(huì)做實(shí)驗(yàn))”以及“Itwouldhavetakenhumansthousandsofyearstotestthemall,butdon’tworry—XiaoLaididthejobinsixweeks!(人類要花幾千年的時(shí)間才能把它們?nèi)繙y(cè)試出來，但不用擔(dān)心——小來只用了6周就完成了這項(xiàng)工作)”可知，本段主要講化學(xué)機(jī)器人的優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thescientistsareexcitedaboutthisbreakthrough(重大進(jìn)展)becauseitopensupnewchancesforexploring(探索)space.(科學(xué)家們對(duì)這一重大進(jìn)展感到興奮，因?yàn)樗鼮樘剿魈臻_辟了新的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，科學(xué)家們感到興奮是因?yàn)檫@一突破打開了新的探索太空的可能性，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。March20isWorldOral(口腔)HealthDay.It’satimetofocusontheimportanceofgoodoralhealth.___11___.Whyisoralhealthimportant?It’smorethanjustabouthavingahealthymouth.Ourmouthisthefirstplacewherefoodgoes,anditholdsbacteria(細(xì)菌).___12___.Andourmouthaffectsourconfidence,too.Problemslikebadbreathormisaligned(不整的)teethcanmakeuswanttoavoidsocializing.Whataresomecommonoralproblemsfacedbyteenagers?___13___.Signsofitareteethwithdarkspotsorteeththathurtwheneatinghotorcoldfoods.Toothdecay(蛀牙)canharmthetoothnerveandthelifeofthetooth.Thenthere’speriodontitis(牙周炎),knownasgumdisease(牙齦疾病).Itoftenhappenswhenyoudon’ttakegoodcareofyourmouthandteeth.___14___?It’sbesttobrushyourteethforthreetofiveminutesatatime.Butit’sbestnottobrushyourteethformorethanfiveminutes.Becauseitcanhurtyourgums.Brushyourteethtwotothreetimesaday.Themostimportanttimeisintheeveningwhenyoubrushyourteethbeforebed.DoIneedtousedentalfloss(牙線)andmouthwasheveryday?Fordentalfloss,itdepends.Ifyouhavestraightteethwithfewgaps(縫隙),flossingonceaweekisenough.___15___.Mouthwash,ontheotherhand,shouldn’tbeusedforalongtime.Generally,ithassomedisinfectant(消毒劑)init.Usingitforalongtimewillhurtthenaturalbalanceofbacteriainyourmouthandleadtogumproblems.A.Ifnot,usedentalflossdaily.B.Teensinterviewedadentisttosharewithussometipsonoralhealth.C.HowmanytimesadayshouldIbrush?D.Keepingourmouthcleanandhealthyhelpsourstomachworkwell.E.Toothdecayisoneoralproblem.【答案】11.B12.D13.E14.C15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一位牙醫(yī)，和我們分享一些口腔健康的提示?！?1題詳析】根據(jù)上文“March20isWorldOral(口腔)HealthDay.It’satimetofocusontheimportanceofgoodoralhealth.”（3月20日是世界口腔衛(wèi)生日。這是一個(gè)關(guān)注良好口腔健康重要性的時(shí)刻。）可知，選項(xiàng)承上啟下，說明關(guān)于口腔健康的一些提示。故B選項(xiàng)“青少年采訪了一位牙醫(yī)，和我們分享一些口腔健康的提示”切題。tips呼應(yīng)下文的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。【12題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ourmouthisthefirstplacewherefoodgoes,anditholdsbacteria(細(xì)菌).”（我們的口腔是食物進(jìn)入的第一個(gè)地方，它有細(xì)菌?？芍衔奶岬健白炖镉屑?xì)菌”，接下來應(yīng)該提到保持口腔清潔的重要性。故D選項(xiàng)“保持我們的口腔清潔和健康，有助于我們的胃正常工作”切題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Signsofitareteethwithdarkspotsorteeththathurtwheneatinghotorcoldfoods.Toothdecay(蛀牙)canharmthetoothnerveandthelifeofthetooth.”（它的癥狀是牙齒長(zhǎng)黑斑，或者吃熱的或冷的食物時(shí)牙齒疼痛。蛀牙會(huì)損害牙神經(jīng)，影響牙齒的壽命。）可知，本段在討論常見的青少年的口腔問題，E句“齲齒是一種口腔問題”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】根據(jù)下文“It’sbesttobrushyourteethforthreetofiveminutesatatime.Butit’sbestnottobrushyourteethformorethanfiveminutes.”（每次刷牙的時(shí)間最好是三到五分鐘。但是刷牙最好不要超過5分鐘。）可知，本段主要在說“你應(yīng)該一天刷幾次牙？”的問題。故C選項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該一天刷幾次牙？”切題，為本段的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Fordentalfloss,itdepends.Ifyouhavestraightteethwithfewgaps(縫隙),flossingonceaweekisenough.”（至于牙線，要看情況。如果你的牙齒很直，牙縫很少，每周用牙線清潔一次就足夠了。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明相反的情況，牙線的使用頻率。故A選項(xiàng)“如果沒有，就要每天使用牙線”切題。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onmyweeklymathexam,Imadeabigmistake.Itturnedsubtraction(減法)intoaddition(加法),whichcostmeasmuchassevenpoints.Ofcourse,mymathteacherwasn’t___16___.Evenworse,hecriticized(批評(píng))meinfrontofallmyclassmates!Iknowmymathteacherisstrict,butInever___17___thatonedayIwouldbecriticizedforasmallmistake.Anger,alongwithconfusion(疑惑),rosefrommy___18___.Afterthatclass,Iwasaskedtotheoffice.“I___19___becalledformorecriticism,”Ithought.Buttomy___20___again,hesaid:“Doyougettoknowyourmistakenow?BecauseIbelieveacleverstudentlikeyouwouldhaveneverdonethatexceptbyaccident.”Next,hereadboththequestionandtheanswer___21___,thenaskedagainwhetherIhadanyproblems.Ihadbeentoldthatteacherswouldnevertalkwithonestudentfacetofaceunlesstheyreallycared.Atthatmoment,IdeeplyfelthewassokindthatIwasdeeply___22___.Heseemedsocaring.Myanger___23___.Butthatwasn’ttheendofthestory.Intheafternoon,hecalledmeagainandgavemesomepapers.Theyareespecially___24___forme.Hetoldmetofinishthemandtakeitseriously.Inmyheart,Ihadnothinglefttosay,onlyfeelingsofthanksandregrets,forIoncemisunderstoodhim.Ishall____25____himforever.16.A.strict B.happy C.surprised17.A.forgot B.expected C.meant18.A.head B.back C.heart19.A.should B.could C.must20.A.joy B.surprise C.regret21.A.confidently B.carefully C.successfully22.A.touched B.hoped C.needed23.A.gaveaway B.wentaway C.putaway24.A.checked B.managed C.designed25.A.thank B.hate C.forget【答案】16.B17.B18.C19.C20.B21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是記敘文。文章通過敘述作者在一次數(shù)學(xué)考試中犯下錯(cuò)誤并受到老師批評(píng)的經(jīng)歷，以及隨后老師對(duì)作者的關(guān)心和幫助，展現(xiàn)了師生之間的情感交流和成長(zhǎng)過程。【16題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我的數(shù)學(xué)老師不高興。A.strict嚴(yán)格的；B.happy高興的；C.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“Evenworse,hecriticized(批評(píng))meinfrontofallmyclassmates!”可知，老師批評(píng)了作者，所以老師不高興。故選B。【17題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我的數(shù)學(xué)老師很嚴(yán)格，但我從未想過有一天我會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)小錯(cuò)誤而受到批評(píng)。A.forgot忘記；B.expected期待；C.meant意味著。根據(jù)下文“thatonedayIwouldbecriticizedforasmallmistake”可知，作者沒有預(yù)料到會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)小錯(cuò)誤而受到批評(píng)。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：憤怒和困惑從我心里升起。A.head頭；B.back背；C.heart心。根據(jù)上文“Iknowmymathteacherisstrict,butIneverthatonedayIwouldbecriticizedforasmallmistake.Anger,alongwithconfusion(疑惑),rosefrommy”可知，作者沒有預(yù)料到會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)小錯(cuò)誤而受到批評(píng)，所以憤怒和困惑是作者內(nèi)心的感受。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想：“我肯定會(huì)受到更多的批評(píng)?！盇.should應(yīng)該；B.could可能；C.must必須，肯定。根據(jù)上文“Iknowmymathteacherisstrict,butIneverthatonedayIwouldbecriticizedforasmallmistake.”和“Afterthatclass,Iwasaskedtotheoffice.”可知，作者沒有預(yù)料到會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)小錯(cuò)誤而受到批評(píng)，下課后，作者被叫到辦公室，所以作者認(rèn)為自己肯定會(huì)受到老師更多的批評(píng)。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但讓我再次驚訝的是，他說：“你現(xiàn)在知道你的錯(cuò)誤了嗎？”A.joy快樂；B.surprise驚訝；C.regret后悔。根據(jù)下文“again,hesaid:“Doyougettoknowyourmistakenow?BecauseIbelieveacleverstudentlikeyouwouldhaveneverdonethatexceptbyaccident.””可知，作者本以為會(huì)受到更多的批評(píng)，但老師卻開始詢問他是否知道錯(cuò)誤，所以作者感到驚訝。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來，他認(rèn)真地讀了問題和答案，然后再次問我是否有任何問題。A.confidently自信地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.successfully成功地。根據(jù)上文“Next,hereadboththequestionandtheanswer”和下文“thenaskedagainwhetherIhadanyproblems”可知，老師為了弄清楚作者的問題，所以認(rèn)真地讀了問題和答案。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我深深地感受到他是如此善良，以至于我深受感動(dòng)。A.touched感動(dòng)；B.hoped希望；C.needed需要。根據(jù)上文“Ihadbeentoldthatteacherswouldnevertalkwithonestudentfacetofaceunlesstheyreallycared.Atthatmoment,IdeeplyfelthewassokindthatIwasdeeply”可知，作者感受到老師的善良，所以深受感動(dòng)。故選A。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我的憤怒消失了。A.gaveaway贈(zèng)送；B.wentaway離開；C.putaway放好。根據(jù)上文“IdeeplyfelthewassokindthatIwasdeeply.Heseemedsocaring.”可知，作者感受到老師的善良，所以憤怒消失了。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是專門為我設(shè)計(jì)的。A.checked檢查；B.managed管理；C.designed設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)上文“Intheafternoon,hecalledmeagainandgavemesomepapers.Theyareespecially”可知，老師給作者的試卷是專門為他設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)都會(huì)感謝他。A.thank感謝；B.hate憎恨；C.forget忘記。根據(jù)上文“Inmyheart,Ihadnothinglefttosay,onlyfeelingsofthanksandregrets”可知，作者對(duì)老師只有感謝和遺憾，作者永遠(yuǎn)都會(huì)感謝這位老師。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FriedChopRiceCake,alsocalledlǘdǎgǔninChinese,isoneofthemostpopular___26___(snack)inBeijing.Itisakindofcakethat___27___(taste)sweet,softanddelicious.WhydoChinesepeoplecallitlǘd?gǔn?Doesitsnamehaveanythingtodowithdonkeys(驢)?It___28___(say)thatintheQingDynasty,QueenCixiwastiredofhavingthesamekindoffoodeveryday.So,oneday,sheorderedacook___29___(cook)somethingdifferent.Itwasreallydifficultforthecookbecausehedidn’tknowhowtomeettheneedsofCixi.Afterthinking___30___(careful),hemadeanewkindofcakebyusingricepowder(粉末)andredbeanpaste(餡).However,aboycametothekitchen___31___hedroppedthecakeintopowderbyaccident.Thecookwasveryworriedbecauseitwastoolatetomake___32___newone.HehadtotakethecaketoQueenCixinervously.Tohissurprise,Cixi___33___(like)thecakeverymuch.Sheaskedthecook___34___thenameofthecake.Thecookhadneverthoughtaboutthat.Suddenly,hethoughtofthenameoftheboy—“XiaoLur”.Sohesaidthatitsnamewaslǘdǎgǔn.Sincethen,lǘd?gǔnhasbecomemoreandmorepopularfor____35____(it)specialtasteandfunnyname.Wouldyouliketotryit?【答案】26.snacks27.tastes28.issaid29.tocook30.carefully31.and32.a33.liked34.about35.its【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)關(guān)于驢打滾（一種北京小吃）的起源和故事?！?6題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：驢打滾是北京最受歡迎的小吃之一。oneof后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“最……的之一”，snack“小吃”的復(fù)數(shù)是snacks。故填snacks?！?7題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：它是一種嘗起來香甜、柔軟且美味可口的糕點(diǎn)。本句描述一般事實(shí)，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞akindofcake，且在從句中作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，taste表示“嘗起來”，為感官動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。故填tastes?！?8題詳析】考查固定句型。句意：據(jù)說在清朝，慈禧太后厭倦了每天吃同樣的食物。Itissaidthat...是固定句型，意為“據(jù)說……”，其中It為形式主語，與say“說”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用issaid。故填issaid?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：所以她命令廚師做一些不同的東西。ordersb.todosth.是固定短語，意為“命令某人做某事”，所以此處用動(dòng)詞cook“烹飪，烹調(diào)”的不定式tocook，作賓補(bǔ)。故填tocook?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：他仔細(xì)想了想后，用米粉和紅豆沙做了一種新的糕點(diǎn)。本空用副詞carefully“仔細(xì)地”，修飾動(dòng)詞thinking，作狀語。故填carefully?！?1題詳析】考查連詞。句意：然而，一個(gè)男孩來到廚房，他不小心把蛋糕掉進(jìn)了粉末里。前后兩句是承接關(guān)系，所以此處用連詞and連接。故填and?！?2題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：廚師非常擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樵僮鲆粋€(gè)新的已經(jīng)太晚了。此處泛指“一個(gè)新的”，且new以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?3題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：令他驚訝的是，慈禧太后非常喜歡這個(gè)蛋糕。本句描述過去的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，謂語用like“喜歡”的過去式。故填liked。【34題詳析】考查介詞。句意：她問廚師這個(gè)蛋糕的名字。asksb.aboutsth.是固定短語，意為“向某人詢問某事”。故填about?！?5題詳析】考查代詞。句意：從那時(shí)起，驢打滾因其特殊的味道和有趣的名字而越來越受歡迎。taste和name是名詞，本空用形容詞性物主代詞its“它的”，作定語。故填its。第四部分綜合技能（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題或?qū)澗€部分譯成英文或中文。Haveyoueverheardofthe“cleaningmonk(和尚)”intheSummerPalace?HeisZhangXu,acleaner,whoisveryfamiliar(熟悉的)withtheancientbuildingsoftheSummerPalace.AvideoofhisexplanationbecameverypopularontheInternet.“Oneday,whileIwascleaningup,Isawsometouristsreadingabook.Itseemedthattheygotintotrouble,soIwentuptothemandofferedtohelp.”saidZhangXu,“Besidescleaning,Ialsoprovideotherserviceslikegivingdirections,answeringquestionsandofferingexplanations.”ForZhangXu,theSummerPalaceisspecial.Asachild,hecameheretoplay.張旭于2021年開始在頤和園工作。Becausehelikestoreaddifferentbooksandsearchforinformationonline,hehasbecomeanexpertattheSummerPalace.ZhangXusaysthathedoesn’twanttobeanInternetcelebrity(網(wǎng)紅),buthewantstocontinuelearning,working,andserving.Hehopestobecomeaprofessionalcommentator(解說員)onedaysothatmorepeoplecanfallinlovewiththeSummerPalaceandunderstandChineseculture.36.IsZhangXureallyamonk?____________________________________________________________37.WhyhasZhangXubecomeanexpertattheSummerPalace?____________________________________________________________38.Whatdoeshehopetobecomeoneday?____________________________________________________________39.Oneday,whileIwascleaningup,Isawsometouristsreadingabook.（英譯漢）____________________________________________________________40.張旭于2021年開始在頤和園工作。（漢譯英）____________________________________________________________【答案】36.No./No,heisn’t.37.Becausehelikestoreaddifferentbooksandsearchforinformationonline.38.Aprofessionalcommentator./Hehopestobecomeaprofessionalcommentator.39.一天，當(dāng)我在打掃時(shí)，我看到一些游客正在閱讀一本書。40.ZhangXustarted/begantoworkattheSummerPalacein2021./ZhangXustarted/beganworkingattheSummerPalacein2021.【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文介紹了頤和園“掃地僧”張旭的工作和愿望?！?6題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“HeisZhangXu,acleaner,whoisveryfamiliar(熟悉的)withtheancientbuildingsoftheSummerPalace.”（他叫張旭，是個(gè)清潔工，對(duì)頤和園的古建筑非常熟悉。）可知，張旭是清潔工不是和尚。故回答為：No./No,heisn’t.【37題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Becausehelikestoreaddifferentbooksandsearchforinformationonline,hehasbecomeanexpertattheSummerPalace.”（因?yàn)樗矚g閱讀不同的書籍和在網(wǎng)上搜索信息，他已經(jīng)成為了頤和園的專家。）可知，他喜歡讀不同的書和在網(wǎng)上搜索信息使得他成為頤和園的專家。故回答為：Becausehelikestoreaddifferentbooksandsearchforinformationonline.【38題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Hehopestobecomeaprofessionalcommentator(解說員)onedaysothatmorepeoplecanfallinlovewiththeSummerPalaceandunderstandChineseculture.”（他希望有一天能成為一名專業(yè)解說員，讓更多的人愛上頤和園，了解中國(guó)文化。）可知，他希望成為一名專業(yè)解說員。故回答為：Aprofessionalcommentator./Hehopestobecomeaprofessionalcommentator.【39題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞。本句為while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句敘述過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。cleanup為“打掃”的意思。主句為一般過去時(shí)，為seesbdoinsth為“看到某人正在做某事”，readingabook為“讀書”。故翻譯為：一天，當(dāng)我在打掃時(shí)，我看到一些游客正在閱讀一本書?！?0題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。陳述過去的動(dòng)作為一般過去時(shí)?！伴_始做某事”為start/begintodo或者start/begindoingsth?！肮ぷ鳌睘閣ork；“在頤和園”為attheSummerPalace；“在2021年”為in2021，作狀語。故翻譯為：ZhangXustarted/begantoworkattheSummerPalacein2021./ZhangXustarted/beganworkingattheSummerPalacein2021.第二節(jié)（共1小題，滿分15分）41.初三的學(xué)生面臨各種壓力，為了幫助同學(xué)們緩解壓力，你們班打算舉辦一次主題班會(huì)，邀請(qǐng)你在班會(huì)上分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，以“WaystoLowerStress”為主題寫一篇演講稿。要點(diǎn)提示：Waystolowerstresstakeuphealthyhobbiesdevelopgoodsleepinghabits...1.詞數(shù)80詞左右（短文的開頭已給出，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)）；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)人名和校名。Dearclassmates,Goodmorning,everyone!I’mgladtogiveyousomeadviceonhowtolowerstress.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearclassmates,Goodmorning,everyone!I’mgladtogiveyousomeadviceonhowtolowerstress.Firstofall,it’sagoodideatotakeupsomehobbiessuchaslisteningtolightmusicandwatchingsomefunnymovies.It’sagoodwaytomakeusrelaxed.What’smore,wearesupposedtodevelopgoodsleepinghabits.Itgivesusenoughenergytofinishallkindsoftasksduringtheday.Lastbutnotleast,takingexercisesuchaswalking,jogging,cyclingandotheractivitiescanhelpalot.Itishealthyforourbodyandmind.Allinall,weshoulddealwithstresswisely,bravelyandactively.Ihopethesesuggestionswillbehelpfultoyou!That’sall.Thankyouforyourlistening.湖南省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀技能（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASportsaregoodforourhealth.Nowadaysballgamesarepopularwithmanyyoungpeople.Herearethreekindsofgames.BowlingItisanindoorgame.Theplayerstaketurnstorollabowlingballtowards10bowlingpins(球瓶).Eachplayerhastwotriestoknockdownthepins.Pointsarescoredaccordingtothenumberofpinsknockeddown.MinigolfItisanoutdoorgame.Thereare18holesinaminigolfcourse.Eachplayerhassevenchancestohittheballintoeachhole.Thetimesofhittingwillberecorded.Thatisthescore.Thepersonwiththelowestscorewins.BeachvolleyballItisanoutdoorgame.Thegameisheldonthesand.Therearetwoplayersineachteam.Theystandoneachsideofthenet.Whowins?Usually,thefirstteamwith21pointswinsthegame.1.Whichsportisanindoorgame?A.Bowling. B.Minigolf. C.Beachvolleyball.2.Howmanyholesarethereinaminigolfcourse?A.Eight. B.Eighteen. C.Twenty-one.3.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Asportsmagazine. C.Asciencebook.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三種不同類型的球類運(yùn)動(dòng)（保齡球、迷你高爾夫和沙灘排球），每種運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)、玩法以及計(jì)分方式?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第一段中的“Itisanindoorgame.(它是一項(xiàng)室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，保齡球是一項(xiàng)室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第二段中的“Thereare18holesinaminigolfcourse.(在一個(gè)迷你高爾夫球場(chǎng)上有18個(gè)洞。)”可知，迷你高爾夫球場(chǎng)上有18個(gè)洞。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“Sportsaregoodforourhealth.Nowadaysballgamesarepopularwithmanyyoungpeople.Herearethreekindsofgames.(運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我們的健康有益。如今，球類運(yùn)動(dòng)深受許多年輕人的喜愛。這里有三種游戲類型。)”可知，這篇文章介紹三種球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，故本文來自于運(yùn)動(dòng)雜志。故選B。BYangZhiyangisa23-year-oldboyfromBaoji,ShaanxiProvince.Hehasbecomeanexampleforyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(漸凍癥).Yang’smother,SuJing,gotALSin2010andshecouldn’tdonormalthingseasily.BecauseYang’sfatherhadtoworkforlonghourstomakemoney,Yangstartedtotakecareofhismotherafterfinishingcollegein2020.Becauseofthedisease,Yang’smotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.Sheneedstobecarriedupanddownthestairs.Shealsohasdifficultyspeaking.Shecanstilltypeonhermobilephone,butmostofthetime,shechoosestocommunicatewithhersoninanotherway.“MymotherandIuseeyecontact(接觸)formostofourcommunication,”Yangsays.“Forexample,whenshewantstosleep,sheuseshereyestoshowthatsheistired,andsheturnsherheadtowardsthebedroom.Andwhensheneedswater,shewilllookatthewatercuponthetable.”Formanythings,Yanghastobeverycareful,includinghelpinghermotherbatheandusethetoilet.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,Yangenjoysallthetimehespendswithhismother.Heaccompanies(陪伴)hereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.Yang’sloveforhismotherhastouchedmanypeople.ButYangsaysit’sonlynaturalthatheshouldtakecareofhismother.“Mymotherbroughtmeup.I’mjustdoingwhatasonshoulddo,”hesays.4.WhendidYangstarttakingcareofhismother?A.WhenhismothergotALSin2010.B.Whenhewasincollegein2020.C.Afterfinishingcollegein2020.5.HowdoesYangcommunicatewithhismothermostofthetime?A.Byusingeyecontact.B.Bywritingonthepaper.C.Bytypingonhermobilephone.6.Whatisthepurpose(目的)ofwritingthispassage?A.ToshowreadershowtofightagainstALS.B.TotellastoryofaboycaringforhismotherwithALS.C.TocallonreaderstocaremoreaboutpeoplewithALS.【答案】4.C5.A6.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文介紹了楊志陽照顧患漸凍癥母親的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BecauseYang’sfatherhadtoworkforlonghourstomakemoney,Yangstartedtotakecareofhismotherafterfinishingcollegein2020.”（因?yàn)楦赣H要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作賺錢，楊在2020年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就開始照顧母親。）可知，楊在2020年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就開始照顧母親。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“MymotherandIuseeyecontactformostofourcommunication”（我媽媽和我在大多數(shù)交流中都使用眼神交流）可知，楊和他的母親大部分時(shí)間通過眼神交流。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“YangZhiyangisa23-year-oldboyfromBaoji,ShaanxiProvince.Hehasbecomeanexampleforyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(漸凍癥).”（楊志陽是一個(gè)23歲的男孩，來自陜西省寶雞市。為了照顧患有漸凍癥的母親，他全職工作，成為了年輕人的榜樣。）可知，短文的目的是講述一個(gè)男孩照顧患有漸凍癥的母親的故事。故選B項(xiàng)。CPeoplehavelongbeendreamingoflivingonMarsoneday.ButMarsdoesn’thaveenoughoxygen(氧氣)forustobreathe!Luckily,somesmartscientistsfromChinaworkedwitharobotcalledthe“MachineChemist”tofindawaytomakeoxygenonMars.Together,theyfoundacatalyst(催化劑)thathelpsmakeoxygenfasterwithlessenergy.Asweknow,Marshasalittlebitofwater,andscientistshavefoundawaytousesunlighttogetoxygenfromthewater.Buthere’sthedifficultpart:Theyneededacatalysttospeeduptheprocess,andbringingthecatalystfromEarthtoMarswouldbeexpensive.That’swhythe“MachineChemist”,knownasXiaoLai,comesin.XiaoLaiissmartandcanlearn,think,anddoexperiments.Ithasreadover50,000scientificpapersbeforeitfoundtheperfectmethodforthecatalyst.Canyouimaginehowmanycombinations(組合)scientistshadtotry?Morethan3.76million!Itwouldhavetakenhumansthousandsofyearstotestthemall,butdon’tworry—XiaoLaididthejobinsixweeks!Thescientistsareexcitedaboutthisbreakthrough(重大進(jìn)展)becauseitopensupnewchancesforexploring(探索)space.ThisdiscoveryisahugedealbecauseitmeanswecanmakeoxygenonMarswithoutbringingeverythingfromEarth.7.WhoworkedwiththescientiststofindawaytomakeoxygenonMars?A.Ateamofastronauts.B.Arobotcalled“MachineChemist”.C.Agroupofengineers.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasespeed