高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省汕頭市某學(xué)校2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFarmers’MarketatHarvardWe’reexcitedtowelcomeyoutotheHarvardFarmers’Marketin2025!JoinuseveryTuesdayfrom11:30amto5:30pmatHarvard’sScienceCenterPlaza(1OxfordStreet,Cambridge),startingfromJune17thandendingonOctober28th.Pleasenote:TherewillbenomarketonAugust26th.Byvisitingthemarket,youdirectlysupportlocalfarmersandfoodcreatorswhoprovidefresh,healthyproduce.Themarketacceptsseveralgovernmentassistanceprogramstomakehealthyfoodmoreaccessible:·SNAP(SupplementalNutritionAssistanceProgram):Thisprogramhelpsfamiliesbuynutritiousfoodslikefruits,vegetables,meat,anddairy.Atourmarket,SNAPbenefitsaredoubledupto$15perweek.Forexample,spending$10withyourSNAPcardgivesyou$20touseoneligible(符合條件的)items.·WIC(Women,InfantsandChildren):Designedforpregnantwomen,infants,andchildrenunderfive,WICprovidescouponsforfreshfruits,vegetables,andherbstosupporthealthyeating.·SeniorFMNPCoupons:Eligibleseniorscanusethesecouponstopurchaselocallygrownfreshproduce,herbs,andhoney.Whybuylocal?·BuildCommunity:Talktofarmersdirectlytolearnabouthowyourfoodisgrownandconnectwiththepeoplebehindyourmeals.·HelptheEnvironment:Smallfarmsprotectnaturallandandreducethecarbonfootprintoffoodtransportation.·SupportLocalFamilies:Buyingdirectlyfromfarmersensurestheyearnfairprices,helpingthemsustaintheirfarmsandfamilies.Signupforourweeklynewslettertostayupdatedonmarketeventsandfresharrivals.WelookforwardtoseeingyoueveryTuesday!1.WhencanonevisittheHarvardFarmers’Marketin2025?A.At11:40amonAugust19th. B.At1:30pmonOctober20th.C.At5:00pmonAugust26th. D.At10:30amonOctober28th.2.Ifyouspend$12withyourSNAPcardatthemarket,howmuchcanyouactuallyusetobuyeligibleitems?A.$12. B.$15. C.$24. D.$30.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofbuyinglocalfoodfromthemarket?A.Itisfinanciallybeneficialtothesupermarkets. B.Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itsupportstherunningofthelocalfarms. D.Itbuildsastrongercommunitysense.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了2025年哈佛農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、優(yōu)惠活動(dòng)及購(gòu)買本地食品的好處。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“JoinuseveryTuesdayfrom11:30amto5:30pmatHarvard’sScienceCenterPlaza(1OxfordStreet,Cambridge),startingfromJune17thandendingonOctober28th.Pleasenote:TherewillbenomarketonAugust26th.(每周二上午11:30至下午5:30，請(qǐng)到哈佛科學(xué)中心廣場(chǎng)（劍橋市牛津街1號(hào)）加入我們，活動(dòng)從6月17日開始，10月28日結(jié)束。請(qǐng)注意：8月26日沒有集市。)”可知，文章特別注明8月26日沒有集市，說(shuō)明8月26日是周二，所以8月19日是周二，可以參觀，2025年10月20日不是周二。所以8月19日上午11:40可以參觀哈佛農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Atourmarket,SNAPbenefitsaredoubledupto15perweek.Forexample,spending10withyourSNAPcardgivesyou$20touseoneligibleitems.(在我們的市場(chǎng)上，SNAP福利每周最高可翻倍至15美元。例如，用你的SNAP卡消費(fèi)10美元，你就可以得到20美元用于購(gòu)買符合條件的商品。)”可知，如果用SNAP卡在市場(chǎng)上消費(fèi)12美元，實(shí)際上可以用24美元購(gòu)買符合條件的商品。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whybuylocal?部分中“BuildCommunity:Talktofarmersdirectlytolearnabouthowyourfoodisgrownandconnectwiththepeoplebehindyourmeals.(建立社區(qū)：直接與農(nóng)民交談，了解你的食物是如何種植的，并與你的餐食背后的人建立聯(lián)系。)”、“HelptheEnvironment:Smallfarmsprotectnaturallandandreducethecarbonfootprintoffoodtransportation.(保護(hù)環(huán)境：小農(nóng)場(chǎng)保護(hù)自然土地，減少食物運(yùn)輸?shù)奶甲阚E。)”以及“SupportLocalFamilies:Buyingdirectlyfromfarmersensurestheyearnfairprices,helpingthemsustaintheirfarmsandfamilies.(支持當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ィ褐苯訌霓r(nóng)民那里購(gòu)買可以確保他們獲得公平的價(jià)格，幫助他們維持農(nóng)場(chǎng)和家庭。)”可知，從市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)買本地食品的好處不包括“對(duì)超市有經(jīng)濟(jì)利益”。故選A。BThestormswallowedthehorizonwhole.Waveslikeblackenedteethbitatthebrokenboat,eachcrashsendingshakesthroughMarco’swater-filledboots.Saltcoveredhiseyelids,buthekeptthemnarrowlyopen—toblinkwastogiveintothedark.Threedayswithoutsleep.Thecompasslaysomewhereatthebottomofthisfloatingcoffin,butnorthmeantnothingherebetweenwallsofwaterthatrosetallerthanchurchtowers.Hisfingers,blueandsore,stillgrippedthetiller(舵柄).Achild’shands,thefishermenhadlaughedwhenhe’dsignedon.Sixteenwintersdidn’tmakeaman,theysaid.Letthemseehimnow.Letthemwatchashepressedhishipagainsttherockingwood,takingthesea’sblowslikeboxerabsorbinghits.Everywavethatdidn’tkilltheboatfedhisresolve.Nofood.Nocharts.Justtheknifeathisbeltandthestubbornrhythmofhisheartpounding“alive,alive,alive”againstribs(肋骨)thatachedwitheachbreath,Whenthewavecame—themountain,thekiller,thethingwithoutmercy—Marcodidn’tpray.Prayerrequiredhope,andhopewasacurrencytheseadidn’thonor.Instead,hebenthiskneesasOldTomashadtaughthim.“Youdon’tfightthewater,boy,”thegrey-hairedsailorhadsaid,tobaccoflavouringhiswords.“Youletitthinkit’swinninguntilitgetsbored.”Thedeckdisappearedbeneathhim.Coldknifedintohislungs.Forthreeseconds,hewasnothingbutagrainofsandinGod’sboot.Thentheboatrosetothesurfacelikeadyingwhale,andMarcowasstillthere.Stillholding.Stillbleeding.Stillbeing.Helaughedthen,asoundtornbetweenmadnessandvictory.Thestormhadn’tkilledhimyet.Andifithadn’t,itwouldn’t.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thisfloatingcoffin”inParagraph2referto?A.Thesea. B.Theboat. C.Thecompass. D.Theboot.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMarcofromParagraph3?A.Hisphysicalpaindiscouragedhimfromoperatingtheboat.B.Hisdeterminationgrewwitheachsurvivalchallenge.C.Hisinexperiencewasignoredbythefishermen.D.Hisyouthlefthimatthemercyofstorms.6.HowdidMarcosurvivethekillerwave?A.HefollowedTomas’sadvice. B.Hefoughtthewaterdirectly.C.Heabandonedthetiller. D.Heprayedforrescue.7.WhichofthefollowingbestreflectsMarco’ssmallnessinthefaceofnature?A.Waveslikeblackenedteeth.(Paragraph1) B.Boxerabsorbinghits.(Paragraph3)C.AgrainofsandinGod’sboot.(Paragraph6) D.Adyingwhale.(Paragraph7)【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Marco在暴風(fēng)雨中與海浪搏斗、頑強(qiáng)求生的故事?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Waveslikeblackenedteethbitatthebrokenboat,eachcrashsendingshakesthroughMarco’swater-filledboots.(波浪像變黑的牙齒咬著破船，每次撞擊都會(huì)讓馬可的滿是水的靴子顫抖)”以及第二段的“Thecompasslaysomewhereatthebottomofthisfloatingcoffin,butnorthmeantnothingherebetweenwallsofwaterthatrosetallerthanchurchtowers.(指南針躺在這個(gè)漂浮的棺材的底部，但是在教堂塔樓還高的水墻之間，北方已經(jīng)沒有任何意義了)”可知，他所在的船在暴風(fēng)雨中如同漂浮的棺材，此處的“thisfloatingcoffin”指的是上文提到的“brokenboat”，即這艘破船。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sixteenwintersdidn’tmakeaman,theysaid.Letthemseehimnow.Letthemwatchashepressedhishipagainsttherockingwood,takingthesea’sblowslikeboxerabsorbinghits.Everywavethatdidn’tkilltheboatfedhisresolve.(他們說(shuō)，十六個(gè)冬天并不能造就一個(gè)男人。讓他們現(xiàn)在看看他。讓他們看著他如何用臀部抵住搖晃的木頭，像拳擊手一樣承受海浪的打擊。每一波沒有擊沉船的海浪都增強(qiáng)了他的決心)”可知，每一次未摧毀船只的海浪都增強(qiáng)了Marco的決心，說(shuō)明他的意志隨生存挑戰(zhàn)而增長(zhǎng)。故選B。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Whenthewavecame—themountain,thekiller,thethingwithoutmercy—Marcodidn’tpray.Prayerrequiredhope,andhopewasacurrencytheseadidn’thonor.Instead,hebenthiskneesasOldTomashadtaughthim.(當(dāng)海浪襲來(lái)——像山一樣，像殺手一樣，像無(wú)情的東西一樣——Marco沒有祈禱。祈禱需要希望，而希望是這片海不尊重的東西。相反，他像老Tomas教他的那樣彎下膝蓋)”以及第六段中“Thentheboatrosetothesurfacelikeadyingwhale,andMarcowasstillthere.(然后船像一條垂死的鯨魚一樣浮到水面，Marco還在那里)”可知，Marco遵循了Tomas的建議，在面對(duì)殺手浪時(shí)彎下了膝蓋，從而幸存了下來(lái)。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“Forthreeseconds,hewasnothingbutagrainofsandinGod’sboot.(有三秒鐘的時(shí)間，他不過是上帝靴子里的一粒沙子)”可推知，Marco在面對(duì)大自然時(shí)感覺自己非常渺小，就像上帝靴子里的一粒沙子。故選C。CHumancivilizationstandsontheedgeofanewera:theIntelligenceAge.Overthecomingdecades,advancementsinartificialintelligence(AI)willempowerustoachievewhatourgrandparentsregardedmagical.Thisbuildsuponcenturiesofprogress,wheresocialfacilities—notgeneticevolution—hasenhancedhumancapabilities.Ourancestorslaidthefoundation;now,AIofferstoolstosolveonce-unconquerablechallenges,extendingthe“scaffoldingofprogress(進(jìn)步的階梯)”toheightsunimaginablebefore.Thebreakthroughliesindeeplearning.Bydiscoveringalgorithms(算法)thatanalyzecomplexdatapatterns,humanityunlockedaself-improvingsystem:themorecomputationalpoweranddatawefeedit,thesmarteritbecomes.ThisabilityexplainswhyAI’spotentialislimitless.Soon,personalizedAIteamswillassistinhealthcare,education,andsoftwarecreation.AI-drivensystemsmaypioneernext-generationinnovations,fromclimatesolutionstospacecolonization.However,realizingthisfuturedemandsaccessibleinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).COMPUTE—theengineofAI—mustbecomeabundantandaffordablethroughenergyinvestmentandchipproduction.Withoutpublicaccess,AIrisksbecomingatoolforthewealthyoracauseofconflict.Historically,everytechnologicalleap—fromtheStoneAgetotheIndustrialRevolution—reshapedsocieties.TheIntelligenceAgewillbenodifferent.Labormarketswillevolve,buthumancreativityandadaptabilitywillpersist.Justaslamplightersofthepastcouldn’tenvisionmoderncareers,tomorrow’sjobswillgobeyondtoday’sdefinitions.Challengesexist—moraldilemmas,jobreplacement,andresourceallocation(分配)—yetthebenefitsoutweightherisks.AIpromisessharedwealth,raisinggloballivingstandards.Whilewealthalonedoesn’tguaranteehappiness,itprovidesthemeanstoaddresspressingissues.ByembracingAIwisely,humanitycanshiftfromcompetingagainsteachothertoworkingtogetherforsharedbenefits.Thepathforwardrequiresfirmbelief.TheIntelligenceAge,poweredbylimitlessintelligenceandenergy,willunlockpossibilitiesasunimaginabletousassmartphoneswouldbetoa19th-centurylamplighter.Ourtaskistoensurethatitsgiftsupliftall.8.WhatisthekeytoAI’sunlimitedpossibilities?A.Socialprogressfrompastgenerations. B.Itsreplacementofhumaninnovation.C.Advancementsingeneticevolution. D.Itscapacityforself-enhancement.9.WhymustAIinfrastructurebeaccessibletothepublic?A.Tobridgethewealthgap. B.Toimprovethechipquality.C.Topreventprivilegedenjoymentbytherich. D.TorestrictAI’sinfluenceongloballabourmarkets.10.WhatcanhumansachievebymakinggooduseofAI?A.Jointwin-winefforts. B.Guaranteedglobalhappiness.C.Equalallocationofresources. D.Resolutionofmoraldilemmas.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.AnalyzingAI’spreviousprogress. B.PredictingAI’stransformingpotential.C.Warningagainstover-dependenceonAI. D.CriticizingunequalaccesstoAItechnology.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章探討了人工智能技術(shù)發(fā)展對(duì)社會(huì)的影響。文章首先指出AI技術(shù)正引領(lǐng)人類進(jìn)入智能時(shí)代，重點(diǎn)分析了深度學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)的突破性進(jìn)展及其自我增強(qiáng)的特性。然后討論了AI在醫(yī)療、教育等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用前景，同時(shí)指出了技術(shù)普及和就業(yè)變革等挑戰(zhàn)。最后強(qiáng)調(diào)要通過合理規(guī)劃，確保AI技術(shù)造福全人類。全文兼顧技術(shù)分析與人文思考，具有前瞻性。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bydiscoveringalgorithms(算法)thatanalyzecomplexdatapatterns,humanityunlockedaself-improvingsystem:themorecomputationalpoweranddatawefeedit,thesmarteritbecomes.ThisabilityexplainswhyAI’spotentialislimitless.(通過發(fā)現(xiàn)能夠分析復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)模式的算法，人類開創(chuàng)了一個(gè)自我優(yōu)化的系統(tǒng)：我們給予它越多的計(jì)算能力和數(shù)據(jù)，它就會(huì)變得越聰明。這種能力解釋了為何人工智能的潛力是無(wú)限的)”可知，AI通過數(shù)據(jù)和算力實(shí)現(xiàn)自我增強(qiáng)，因此可能性無(wú)限。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Withoutpublicaccess,AIrisksbecomingatoolforthewealthyoracauseofconflict.(若不向公眾開放使用權(quán)限，人工智能就有可能淪為富人的工具，或者成為引發(fā)沖突的因素)”可知，若AI基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不能普及，可能淪為富人特權(quán)。因此，要防止富人獨(dú)享特權(quán)。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ByembracingAIwisely,humanitycanshiftfromcompetingagainsteachothertoworkingtogetherforsharedbenefits.(通過明智地利用人工智能，人類能夠從相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閿y手合作以實(shí)現(xiàn)共同利益)”可知，AI可促成合作共贏。故選A。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Humancivilizationstandsontheedgeofanewera:theIntelligenceAge.Overthecomingdecades,advancementsinartificialintelligence(AI)willempowerustoachievewhatourgrandparentsregardedmagical.Thisbuildsuponcenturiesofprogress,wheresocialfacilities—notgeneticevolution—hasenhancedhumancapabilities.Ourancestorslaidthefoundation;now,AIofferstoolstosolveonce-unconquerablechallenges,extendingthe“scaffoldingofprogress(進(jìn)步的階梯)”toheightsunimaginablebefore.(人類文明正站在一個(gè)新時(shí)代的邊緣：智能時(shí)代。在未來(lái)幾十年里，人工智能（AI）領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步將使我們能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)我們祖輩認(rèn)為不可思議的事情。這建立在數(shù)百年來(lái)的進(jìn)步基礎(chǔ)之上，其中社會(huì)設(shè)施（而非基因進(jìn)化）增強(qiáng)了人類的能力。我們的祖先奠定了基礎(chǔ)；如今，人工智能提供了解決曾經(jīng)無(wú)法攻克的難題的工具，將“進(jìn)步的框架”推向了前所未有的高度)”以及本文圍繞AI重塑未來(lái)的潛力展開，如解決氣候問題、改變勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)等。即這篇文章主要論述了預(yù)測(cè)人工智能的變革潛力。故選B。DTheurbanfruitfliesthatflyaroundtheapplesonyourcounterhavetonavigate(導(dǎo)航)arichvisualenvironmenttofindthatfood.Desertfruitflies,notsomuch.Theyflythroughamostlyemptylandscapewithfewerpredictablebarrierstofindcertainfruit.Nonetheless,ithaslongbeenbelievedthatotherspeciesoffruitfliesnavigateandmaintainbalancethesamewayasurbanfruitflies.Butanewstudycontradictsthatbelief.Flyingfruitflieshavetwojobs:toheadtowardinterestingthings,andalsostaystableduringflight.Likehumans,visionhelpsfruitfliesmovestraightandstaystablewhilenavigatingtowardattractiveobjects.Lookingatinterestingthingsinterruptsthevisionneededtostaystable.Tostudyhowthetwotypesoffruitfliesnavigate,theresearchersdesignedasystemthatletthefliesinteractwithobjectswhiletrackingtheirbodyandeyemovementswithacamera.Theygluedatinypieceofmetaltothefly’sbackandconnectedittoamagnet(磁鐵)hangingfromthetopofaround,drum-likedevice.Anothermagnetatthebottomofthedrumcreatedamagneticfieldthatheldthemetalexactlyinpositionwhileallowingtheflytomovearoundwithinthedrum.ThewallsofthedrumwerecoveredwithLEDlightsandacomputercreateddifferentmovingshapesinvarioussizesanddirectionsusingthelights.Theflycouldchoosehowtointeractwiththesevirtualobjects.Oneoftheobjectswasaverticalbar(垂直條形物)thatlookedlikesomethingnatural,likeatree.Thiswasdesignedtotesthowtheflywouldusethebarandbackgroundtonavigate.Thedesertfliesignoredthebackgroundandmovedtofollowtheverticalbarsmoothly,whiletheurbanfliesonlyreliedonthebackgroundtonavigatesmoothly.Desertandurbanfliesbothmaderapideyemovements,calledsaccades,tofollowobjectsthatmovedalongacontinuouspath.Fruitfliesareoftenusedinexperimentsstudyingvisualperceptionandprocessing.Thefindingexpandsthepossibilitiesforwhatscientistscanlearnaboutvisioninhumansandcanalsobeusedtoaidthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles.12.Whatbeliefaboutfruitflieshasbeenheldforalongtime?A.Theyhavewonderfulhuntingskills.B.Theyadoptthesamenavigatingstrategy.C.Theycanadapttocomplexenvironments.D.Theycanhandlepredictablebarrierswell.13.Whatisthefundamentalflightchallengedescribedinparagraph2?A.Distinguishingfoodfromblockingobjects.B.Processingmultiplevisualsignalsatonce.C.Limitedvisualsharpnessincomplexsettings.D.Balancingtarget-trackingwithflightstability.14.WhywereLEDlightsusedintheexperiment?A.Toeffectivelyobservethestabilityoffruitflies.B.Tocloselymonitortheeyemovementsoffruitflies.C.Tocreatevirtualobjectsforfruitfliestointeractwith.D.Totrackthemovementoffruitfliesintheexperiment.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheVisualNavigationStrategiesofFruitFliesB.FruitFlies’VisualProcessingPreferencesC.TheGreatSurvivalAbilityofFruitFliesD.FruitFlies’EnvironmentalAdaptations【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了果蠅不同視覺導(dǎo)航策略的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Nonetheless,ithaslongbeenbelievedthatotherspeciesoffruitfliesnavigateandmaintainbalancethesamewayasurbanfruitflies.(盡管如此，長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)人們一直認(rèn)為其他種類的果蠅和城市果蠅一樣，以相同的方式導(dǎo)航和保持平衡)”可知，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)人們認(rèn)為其他種類的果蠅和城市果蠅導(dǎo)航和保持平衡的方式相同，也就是它們采用相同的導(dǎo)航策略。故選B。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Flyingfruitflieshavetwojobs:toheadtowardinterestingthings,andalsostaystableduringflight.Likehumans,visionhelpsfruitfliesmovestraightandstaystablewhilenavigatingtowardattractiveobjects.Lookingatinterestingthingsinterruptsthevisionneededtostaystable.(飛行的果蠅有兩項(xiàng)任務(wù)：一是飛向有趣的東西，二是在飛行過程中保持穩(wěn)定。和人類一樣，視覺能幫助果蠅在飛向有吸引力的物體時(shí)保持直線飛行和穩(wěn)定?？从腥さ臇|西會(huì)干擾保持穩(wěn)定所需的視覺)”可推知，果蠅飛行時(shí)面臨的基本挑戰(zhàn)是在追蹤目標(biāo)和保持飛行穩(wěn)定之間取得平衡。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ThewallsofthedrumwerecoveredwithLEDlightsandacomputercreateddifferentmovingshapesinvarioussizesanddirectionsusingthelights.Theflycouldchoosehowtointeractwiththesevirtualobjects.(鼓的墻壁上覆蓋著LED燈，電腦用這些燈創(chuàng)造出不同大小和方向的運(yùn)動(dòng)形狀。果蠅可以選擇如何與這些虛擬物體互動(dòng))”可知，LED燈是用來(lái)創(chuàng)造虛擬物體讓果蠅與之互動(dòng)的。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Theurbanfruitfliesthatflyaroundtheapplesonyourcounterhavetonavigate(導(dǎo)航)arichvisualenvironmenttofindthatfood.Desertfruitflies,notsomuch.Theyflythroughamostlyemptylandscapewithfewerpredictablebarrierstofindcertainfruit.Nonetheless,ithaslongbeenbelievedthatotherspeciesoffruitfliesnavigateandmaintainbalancethesamewayasurbanfruitflies.Butanewstudycontradictsthatbelief.(在你柜臺(tái)上的蘋果周圍飛行的城市果蠅必須在豐富的視覺環(huán)境中導(dǎo)航才能找到食物。沙漠果蠅，沒那么多。它們飛過一片空曠的土地，沒有多少可預(yù)測(cè)的障礙來(lái)尋找某些水果。盡管如此，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)人們一直認(rèn)為，其他種類的果蠅與城市果蠅一樣導(dǎo)航和保持平衡。但一項(xiàng)新的研究與這一觀點(diǎn)相矛盾)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于果蠅視覺導(dǎo)航策略的研究，介紹了研究的過程和發(fā)現(xiàn)。所以A選項(xiàng)“果蠅的視覺導(dǎo)航策略”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀補(bǔ)全。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。WhenIthinkofmyfriends,Iammostlyfilledwithloveandwarmth:Isimplycan’twaittoseethemagainfortheiraffectionandsupport.____16____Intherightmood,theseindividualscandeliverafun-filledevening,butatthewrongmoment,theycandrain(耗盡)allmygoodwill.Ifthissoundsfamiliar,thenyoutoohavefrenemies,whopsychologistscall“ambivalentrelationships”.Theselove-haterelationshipscouldincludeafriend,aparent,acolleagueorevenahusbandorwife.Theirambivalencecancomeinmanyforms.____17____Itcouldbeapartnerlove-bombingyouoneday,butfiercelycriticalthenext,leavingyouunsureabouttheirtruefeelings.____18____Attheveryleast,youwouldexpectthemtobebetterforusthanouraversive(令人厭惡的)relationships.Unfortunately,researchsuggeststhingsaren’tsosimple.AteamattheUniversityofUtahaskedpeopletotakeareaction-timetestandtheyfoundthatrapidlyflashingthenameofanambivalentconnectiononascreenintensifiedstressresponseofparticipants.AnotherstudyatBrighamYoungUniversityfoundthatsimplyknowinganambivalentconnectionwasnearbyasparticipantspreparedtogiveaspeechwasenoughtosendtheirbloodpressurerocketing.____19____Cuttingtieswithourambivalentconnectionsisn’talwayspossibleordesirableiftheyaredeeplymixedintooursocialnetwork.So,whatcanbedone?Simplybeingawareoftheambivalentnatureofarelationshipmightoffersomeprotection.Wecanmanageourexpectationsandmentallyprepareourselvesforthemixedfeelingswheninteractingwithfrenemies.____20____Asimportantly,bealittlemoremindfulofanyinteractionswithallourties.Showotherstheappreciationandrespectwefeelforthem,foraccidentalneglectcouldbetakenasasignofindifference.A.Itmightbeafriendwhoisoftenunavailablewhenyouneedhissupport.B.Wemighthopethatinsuchrelationships,thegoodwouldoutweighthebad.C.Infact,evenunconsciousremindersofafrenemycanbreakourpeaceofmind.D.Thisallowsustofocusontheirgoodqualitiesandshowempathyfortheunpleasantones.E.Ifyoufeelsomeonetoonegativeapresenceinyourlife,youmaydecidetocutoffcontact.F.Ahandful,however,stimulatequitedifferentemotions—amixtureofeagernessandanxiety.G.Afterall,thebenefitsofsocialconnectioncomefromfeelingwellunderstoodandsupported.【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.C20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了人際關(guān)系中的愛恨交織現(xiàn)象及其應(yīng)對(duì)策略?！?6題詳析】上文“WhenIthinkofmyfriends,Iammostlyfilledwithloveandwarmth:Isimplycan’twaittoseethemagainfortheiraffectionandsupport.(當(dāng)我想到我的朋友時(shí)，我大多充滿了愛和溫暖：我迫不及待地想再次見到他們，得到他們的關(guān)愛和支持)”說(shuō)明作者想到朋友時(shí)，大多充滿了愛和溫暖。結(jié)合下文“Intherightmood,theseindividualscandeliverafun-filledevening,butatthewrongmoment,theycandrain(耗盡)allmygoodwill.(心情好的時(shí)候，這些人能讓我度過一個(gè)充滿樂趣的夜晚，但心情不好的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)耗盡我所有的善意)”推知，空處和前文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說(shuō)明有些朋友給作者帶來(lái)的是不同的感受。F項(xiàng)中的However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，“stimulatequitedifferentemotions”與上文的“filledwithloveandwarmth”形成對(duì)比，說(shuō)明有些朋友會(huì)激起不同的情感。所以F項(xiàng)“然而，有少數(shù)人激起了截然不同的情感——渴望和焦慮的混合體?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳析】上文“Theirambivalencecancomeinmanyforms.(他們的矛盾心理可能以多種形式出現(xiàn))”說(shuō)明他們的矛盾心理有多種表現(xiàn)形式?？仗幊薪由衔?，舉例說(shuō)明矛盾心理的一種表現(xiàn)形式。A項(xiàng)“可能是一個(gè)在你需要他支持時(shí)卻經(jīng)常不在身邊的朋友。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【18題詳析】下文“Attheveryleast,youwouldexpectthemtobebetterforusthanouraversive(令人厭惡的)relationships.(至少，你會(huì)期望他們比我們厭惡的關(guān)系對(duì)我們更好)”說(shuō)明人們期望這種愛恨交織的關(guān)系能帶來(lái)一些好處。B項(xiàng)中的“Wemighthope”與下文的“youwouldexpect”相呼應(yīng)，“thegoodwouldoutweighthebad”與下文的“betterforusthanouraversiverelationships”相契合。所以B項(xiàng)“我們可能希望在這樣的關(guān)系中，好的一面會(huì)超過壞的一面?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳析】上文“AnotherstudyatBrighamYoungUniversityfoundthatsimplyknowinganambivalentconnectionwasnearbyasparticipantspreparedtogiveaspeechwasenoughtosendtheirbloodpressurerocketing.(楊百翰大學(xué)的另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)參與者準(zhǔn)備演講時(shí)，僅僅知道一個(gè)愛恨交織的人就在附近，就足以讓他們的血壓飆升)”說(shuō)明即使是無(wú)意識(shí)的提醒也會(huì)讓人血壓升高。C項(xiàng)中的“evenunconsciousreminders”與上文的“simplyknowing”相呼應(yīng)，“breakourpeaceofmind”與上文的“sendtheirbloodpressurerocketing”相契合，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明這種關(guān)系的影響。所以C項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，即使是無(wú)意識(shí)地想起一個(gè)愛恨交織的人，也會(huì)打破我們的平靜?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。【20題詳析】上文“Wecanmanageourexpectationsandmentallyprepareourselvesforthemixedfeelingswheninteractingwithfrenemies.(在與愛恨交織的人交往時(shí)，我們可以管理自己的期望，并在心理上為這種復(fù)雜的情感做好準(zhǔn)備)”說(shuō)明我們可以管理自己的期望，為復(fù)雜的情感做好準(zhǔn)備。D項(xiàng)中的“Thisallowsus”承接上文，“focusontheirgoodqualitiesandshowempathyfortheunpleasantones”與上文的“manageourexpectationsandmentallyprepareourselves”相契合，說(shuō)明這樣做的好處。所以D項(xiàng)“這讓我們能夠關(guān)注他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并對(duì)不愉快的方面表示同情。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IstillrememberthefirsttimeIsawaMagicEyeposter.Itwasatalivelyfoodfestival.Inthemiddleofallthe____21____,therewasasimplepostercoveredinwhatlookedlike____22____patternsofcolorsandshapes.Peoplegatheredaroundit,narrowingtheireyes,tilting(傾斜)theirheadsandstaring____23____.Suddenly,someoneshouted,“It’sadolphin!”Istaredharder,____24____toidentifyittoo.Adolphin?AllIsawwasamessofcolors.ThemoreI____25____,themoreunlikelyitwasformetomakeitout.Thenanoldmannoticedmyfrustrationandwhispered,“____26____youreyes.Justletitcometoyou.”Itsoundedstrange,butI____27____hisadvice.Andsuddenly,thereitwas—adolphin.Thatmomenttaughtmethat____28____willarriveifIstopforcingthings.Lifeisfullof“MagicEye”moments.Weusually____29____thatsheer(純粹的)effortwillleadtobreakthroughs.However,researchshowsthatforcingaspecificresultandoverthinkingcan____30____ustowhat’salreadythere.TheancientChinesecalledthisparadox(悖論)WuWei.It’stheartofachievingby____31____thenaturalflow.Thisdoesn’tmeanwedismissour____32____forsuccess.Itmeanswestopbeing____33____byoutcomes.LiketheMagicEyeposter,liferevealsits____34____whenwerelaxintoit.Sotakeabreath,letgoofthe____35____,andwatchasthehiddenpicture—thedolphin,thetiger,orthesimplebeautyofthepresentmoment—emergesbeforeoureyes.21.A.confusion B.debates C.chaos D.competitions22.A.systematic B.random C.familiar D.traditional23.A.attentively B.casually C.angrily D.lazily24.A.hesitant B.desperate C.amazed D.relieved25.A.ignored B.prayed C.focused D.prepared26.A.Widen B.Shade C.Narrow D.Relax27.A.adopted B.rejected C.requested D.questioned28.A.inspiration B.calm C.clarity D.ideas29.A.complain B.assume C.prove D.forget30.A.convince B.expose C.urge D.blind31.A.makingup B.fightingagainst C.adaptingto D.breakinginto32.A.judgment B.desire C.standard D.doubt33.A.attracted B.frightened C.fooled D.dominated34.A.causes B.richness C.orders D.preference35.A.tension B.negativity C.limitation D.guilt【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.B33.D34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過辨認(rèn)一幅海報(bào)上的內(nèi)容的經(jīng)歷感悟到：當(dāng)我們放松時(shí)，生活就會(huì)顯示出它的豐富。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一片混亂中，有一張簡(jiǎn)單的海報(bào)，上面看起來(lái)像是隨機(jī)的顏色和形狀圖案。A.confusion困惑；B.debates辯論；C.chaos混亂；D.competitions競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽。根據(jù)上文“Itwasatalivelyfoodfestival.”可知，作者身處一個(gè)熱鬧的美食節(jié)，所以此處指“在一片混亂中”，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.systematic系統(tǒng)的；B.random隨機(jī)的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)上文“therewasasimpleposter”以及下文“Peoplegatheredaroundit,narrowingtheireyes,tilting(傾斜)theirheadsandstaring________.”可知，這是一張簡(jiǎn)單的海報(bào)，人們盯著它努力辨認(rèn)畫的是什么動(dòng)物，故此處指上面看起來(lái)像是隨機(jī)的顏色和形狀圖案，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：人們圍著它，瞇起眼睛，歪著頭，聚精會(huì)神地盯著。A.attentively專心地，聚精會(huì)神地；B.casually隨意地；C.angrily生氣地；D.lazily懶惰地。根據(jù)上文“arrowingtheireyes,tilting(傾斜)theirheads”可知，人們聚精會(huì)神地盯著看，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我更努力地盯著看，拼命想把它認(rèn)出來(lái)。A.hesitant猶豫的；B.desperate絕望的，極想，極度渴望的；C.amazed大為驚奇的；D.relieved寬慰的。根據(jù)“Istaredharder”可知，作者盯得更緊了，說(shuō)明作者非常想要辨認(rèn)出來(lái)是什么，故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我越專注，我就越不可能辨認(rèn)出來(lái)。A.ignored忽視；B.prayed祈禱；C.focused集中（注意力、精力等）；D.prepared準(zhǔn)備。上文“Istaredharder”以及“Adolphin?AllIsawwasamessofcolors.”可知，作者更加努力盯著看，但越專注就越無(wú)法辨認(rèn)出是什么，故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后一位老人注意到了我的沮喪，低聲說(shuō)：“放松你的眼睛。讓它自己映入你眼簾?！盇.Widen(使)變寬，加寬；B.Shade給……遮擋；C.Narrow縮??；D.Relax(使)放松。上文“Istaredharder,

________

toidentifyittoo.Adolphin?AllIsawwasamessofcolors.ThemoreI

________ ,themoreunlikelyitwasformetomakeitout.”提到作者越是專注就越無(wú)法辨認(rèn)出，結(jié)合下文“Justletitcometoyou.”以及“LiketheMagicEyeposter,liferevealsits________whenwerelaxintoit.”可知，此處指放松眼睛，故選D。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽起來(lái)很奇怪，但我采納了他的建議。A.adopted采納，采?。籅.rejected拒絕；C.requested要求；D.questioned質(zhì)問。根據(jù)“Itsoundedstrange”和轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but”可知，雖然老人的建議聽起來(lái)奇怪，但作者還是采納了，故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻教會(huì)了我，如果我停止強(qiáng)迫，就會(huì)變得清晰。A.inspiration靈感；B.calm冷靜，寧?kù)o；C.clarity清楚，清晰；D.ideas想法，主意。根據(jù)上文“Andsuddenly,thereitwas—adolphin.”可知，作者眼睛放松后看出畫上是一只海豚，故此處指“如果我不再?gòu)?qiáng)求，就會(huì)變得清晰”，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們通常認(rèn)為，只要努力就能取得突破。A.complain抱怨；B.assume假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；C.prove證明；D.forget忘記。根據(jù)空后“thatsheer( 純粹的 )effortwillleadtobreakthroughs”和下文“However,researchshows…”提到的研究所表明的結(jié)果，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故此處指人們通常只要努力就能取得突破，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，研究表明，強(qiáng)迫一個(gè)特定的結(jié)果和過度思考會(huì)讓我們對(duì)已經(jīng)存在的東西視而不見。A.convince使信服；B.expose暴露；C.urge敦促；D.blind使失明，使失去判斷力。根據(jù)上文作者的經(jīng)歷可知，作者越是專注就越看不清楚，再結(jié)合上文“sheer(純粹的)effortwillleadtobreakthroughs”以及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“However”可知，此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)強(qiáng)迫一個(gè)特定的結(jié)果和過度思考帶來(lái)的后果，即對(duì)已經(jīng)存在的東西視而不見，故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這是一種通過適應(yīng)自然流來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的藝術(shù)。A.makingup組成；B.fightingagainst和……作斗爭(zhēng)；C.adaptingto適應(yīng)；D.breakinginto強(qiáng)行闖入。根據(jù)上文“________willarriveifIstopforcingthings”以及下文“TheancientChinesecalledthisparadox(悖論)WuWei.(中國(guó)古代把這種悖論稱為‘無(wú)為’)”提到“無(wú)為”可知，此處指“通過適應(yīng)自然流來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不意味著我們放棄了對(duì)成功的渴望。A.judgment評(píng)價(jià)；B.desir