2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解沖刺押題試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-7,whicharebasedonthefollowingpassage.Therapidexpansionoftheinternethasundeniablytransformedhowweaccessandconsumeinformation.However,thisdigitalrevolutionisnotwithoutitscritics,whopointtoseveralsignificantdrawbacks.Oneofthemostfrequentlycitedconcernsistheissueofinformationoverload.Thesheervolumeofdataavailableonlinecanbeoverwhelming,makingitincreasinglydifficultforindividualstodiscerncrediblesourcesfromdubiousones.Thisphenomenonoftenleadstowhatisknownas'filterfailure,'wherethehumanbrainbecomessaturatedandunabletoeffectivelyprocessthevastamountofincominginformation.Furthermore,theeasewithwhichmisinformationcanspreadacrosstheinternetposesaseriousthreattoinformeddecision-making.Falsenarrativesandunverifiedclaimscanrapidlygaintraction,sometimeseveninfluencingpublicopinionandpoliticaloutcomes.Thisispartlyduetothealgorithmicdesignofsocialmediaplatforms,whichoftenprioritizeengagementoveraccuracy.Consequently,usersmayfindthemselvesconstantlyexposedtosensationalizedormisleadingcontentthatreinforcestheirexistingbiases.Anothercriticaldownsideistheimpactoftheinternetonsocialinteractions.Whileithasundeniablymadecommunicationmoreconvenientinsomerespects,suchasenablinglong-distancerelationshipsandfacilitatingquickinformationsharing,ithasalsocontributedtoadeclineinface-to-faceinteractions.Manyarguethatthisshifthasledtoadeteriorationinthequalityofsocialconnections,asdigitalcommunicationoftenlacksthenuanceandemotionaldepthofin-personconversations.Theriseofsocialmediahasalsogivenbirthtonewformsofsocialisolation,withindividualsbecomingmoreengrossedintheironlinelivesandlesspresentintheirimmediatesurroundings.Thepsychologicaleffectsofconstantinternetusageareanotherareaofconcern.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivescreentimecanleadtoincreasedlevelsofanxietyanddepression,particularlyamongyoungergenerations.Thecuratedandoftenidealizedversionsoflifepresentedonsocialmediacanfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandcomparison,negativelyimpactingself-esteem.Moreover,theaddictivenatureofmanyonlineplatformscanleadtounhealthyhabits,suchasspendingexcessivehoursscrollingthroughfeedsandneglectingotherimportantaspectsoflife,suchaswork,exercise,andsleep.Finally,theinternet'sroleintheerosionofprivacycannotbeoverlooked.Thecollectionandcommodificationofpersonaldatabycorporationshaveraisedseriousethicalquestionsaboutindividualautonomyandconsent.Whilethebenefitsoftargetedadvertisingandpersonalizedservicesareevident,thepotentialformisuseofpersonalinformationremainsasignificant隱患.Thelackofrobustdataprotectionmeasuresinmanyjurisdictionsexacerbatestheseconcerns,leavingusersvulnerabletoidentitytheftandotherformsofexploitation.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainproblemsassociatedwiththeinformationoverloadontheinternet?3.Howdosocialmediaalgorithmscontributetothespreadofmisinformation?4.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedinthethirdparagraphregardingtheimpactoftheinternetonsocialinteractions?5.Whataresomeofthepsychologicaleffectsofexcessiveinternetusagementionedinthepassage?6.Theword"commodification"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasapotentialsolutiontotheproblemofmisinformationontheinternet?Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions8-14,whicharebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,asawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhasincreased.Atitscore,sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystemsandadvocatesforpracticesthatbalancethesethreedimensions.Oneofthekeychallengesinachievingsustainabilityisaddressingtheissueofconsumerism.Modernsocietiesareoftendrivenbyacultureofconsumption,wheretheacquisitionofgoodsandservicesisequatedwithhappinessandsuccess.Thisrelentlesspursuitofmaterialwealthhasledtoexcessiveresourceconsumption,wastegeneration,andcarbonemissions.Shiftingawayfromthislineareconomicmodel,whichfocuseson'take-make-dispose,'towardsacirculareconomyisessential.Acirculareconomyemphasizesthereuse,recycling,andreductionofwaste,aimingtominimizeresourceextractionandenvironmentalimpact.Anothercriticalaspectofsustainabilityisthetransitiontorenewableenergysources.Fossilfuels,whichhavebeenthedominantsourceofenergyforindustrialization,arefiniteandcontributesignificantlytogreenhousegasemissionsandclimatechange.Investinginrenewableenergytechnologiessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpoweriscrucialforreducingourcarbonfootprintandmitigatingtheeffectsofglobalwarming.Additionally,improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildings,transportation,andindustrycanfurtherreducethedemandforenergyandloweremissions.Socialsustainabilityisequallyimportant.Sustainabledevelopmentmustconsiderthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources.Thisincludesensuringaccesstobasicservicessuchascleanwater,sanitation,andhealthcare,aswellaspromotingeducationandsocialinclusion.Byaddressingpovertyandinequality,societiescancreatemoreresilientandcohesivecommunitiesthatarebetterequippedtofacefuturechallenges.Achievingsustainabilityalsorequirestechnologicalinnovationandpolicysupport.Governmentsandbusinessesmustcollaboratetodevelopandimplementpoliciesthatencouragesustainablepractices.Thiscanincludesubsidiesforrenewableenergy,taxesoncarbonemissions,andregulationsthatpromoteresourceefficiency.Technologicaladvancements,suchassustainableagriculturepracticesandgreenbuildingmaterials,canplayavitalroleinreducingenvironmentalimpactandfosteringsustainabledevelopment.Finally,individualactionsarecrucialindrivingthesustainabilityagenda.Consumershavethepowertoinfluencecorporatebehaviorthroughtheirpurchasingdecisions.Bychoosingsustainableproducts,reducingwaste,andadoptingeco-friendlylifestyles,individualscancontributetoamoresustainablefuture.Educationandawarenesscampaignsareessentialtoempowerpeoplewiththeknowledgeandtoolstheyneedtomakeinformedchoices.8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainchallengesinachievingsustainability?10.Howdoesacirculareconomydifferfromthetraditionallineareconomicmodel?11.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedinthethirdparagraphregardingsocialsustainability?12.Whatroledotechnologicalinnovationsplayinachievingsustainability,accordingtothepassage?13.Theword"equitable"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasakeyfactorinencouragingsustainablepractices?Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions15-21,whicharebasedonthefollowingpassage.Artificialintelligence(AI)hasemergedasoneofthemosttransformativetechnologiesofthe21stcentury,withfar-reachingimplicationsforvarioussectors,includinghealthcare,finance,transportation,andentertainment.TherapidadvancementofAIhasgeneratedbothexcitementandapprehension,asitspotentialtorevolutionizehowweliveandworkisimmense.However,concernsaboutjobdisplacement,ethicalimplications,andthepotentialformisusehavealsobeenraised.OneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofAIisitspotentialtoimprovehealthcareoutcomes.AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-raysandMRIs,withgreateraccuracyandspeedthanhumanradiologists.Thiscanleadtoearlierdetectionofdiseases,suchascancer,andmorepersonalizedtreatmentplans.AI-powereddiagnostictoolscanalsoassistdoctorsinmakingmoreinformeddecisionsbyprovidingthemwithaccesstovastamountsofmedicalliteratureandpatientdata.Additionally,AIisbeingusedtodevelopnewdrugsandtherapies,acceleratingthepaceofmedicalresearchandinnovation.Inthefinancesector,AIisbeingusedtoenhancesecurity,improvecustomerservice,andmakemoreaccuratepredictionsaboutmarkettrends.AI-poweredchatbotscanprovidecustomerswithinstantassistance,whilealgorithmscandetectfraudulenttransactionsinreal-time.AIisalsobeingusedtodevelopmoresophisticatedinvestmentstrategies,leveragingmachinelearningtoanalyzemarketdataandidentifypotentialopportunities.ThetransportationindustryisanotherareawhereAIismakingsignificantstrides.Autonomousvehicles,poweredbyAIalgorithms,havethepotentialtoreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanerror,decreasetrafficcongestion,andimprovefuelefficiency.AIisalsobeingusedtooptimizelogisticsandsupplychainmanagement,makingtransportationmoreefficientandcost-effective.Furthermore,AI-poweredtrafficmanagementsystemscanhelpreducedelaysandimprovetheflowoftrafficinurbanareas.EntertainmentisyetanothersectorbeingtransformedbyAI.AIalgorithmsarebeingusedtocreatepersonalizedcontentrecommendationsforstreamingservices,suchasNetflixandSpotify,makingiteasierforuserstodiscovernewmovies,TVshows,andmusic.AIisalsobeingusedtogeneraterealisticcomputer-generatedimagery(CGI)inmoviesandvideogames,enhancingthevisualexperienceforconsumers.AI-poweredvirtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologiesarealsocreatingnewandimmersiveentertainmentexperiences.DespitethenumerousbenefitsofAI,therearesignificantchallengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Oneofthemostpressingconcernsisthepotentialforjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemoreadvanced,theymayreplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries,leadingtounemploymentandeconomicinequality.AnotherconcernistheethicalimplicationsofAI,suchasissuesrelatedtoprivacy,bias,andaccountability.AIalgorithmsareonlyasgoodasthedatatheyaretrainedon,andifthisdataisbiased,theAIsystemmayperpetuatethesebiases.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutthelackoftransparencyinhowAIsystemsmakedecisions,makingitdifficulttoholdthemaccountablefortheiractions.Finally,thepotentialforAItobemisused,suchasinthedevelopmentofautonomousweaponsorformaliciouspurposes,cannotbeignored.EnsuringthatAIisdevelopedandusedresponsiblyiscrucialtomitigatetheserisks.Governments,businesses,andresearchersmustcollaboratetoestablishethicalguidelinesandregulationsthatgovernthedevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnologies.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?16.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofAIinhealthcare?17.HowisAIbeingusedtoimprovecustomerserviceinthefinancesector?18.WhatisthemainargumentpresentedinthethirdparagraphregardingtheimpactofAIonthetransportationindustry?19.Theword"immersive"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:20.WhatisoneofthemainchallengesassociatedwithAI,accordingtothepassage?21.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestasacrucialstepinensuringtheresponsibledevelopmentanduseofAI?Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions22-28,whicharebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofdigitalcitizenshiphasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinthe21stcentury,astheinternetandsocialmediahavebecomeintegralpartsofdailylife.Digitalcitizenshipreferstotheresponsibleandethicaluseofdigitaltechnology,includingtheinternet,smartphones,andotherdigitaldevices.Itencompassesawiderangeofskillsandbehaviors,includingonlinesafety,digitalliteracy,andrespectforothersinonlineenvironments.Oneofthekeycomponentsofdigitalcitizenshipisonlinesafety.Thisinvolvesprotectingpersonalinformation,suchasone'sname,address,andfinancialdetails,fromunauthorizedaccess.Childrenandadolescents,inparticular,needtobeeducatedabouttherisksofsharingpersonalinformationonline,suchasthroughsocialmediaplatformsoronlinegaming.Cyberbullyingisanothersignificantconcern,asitcanhaveseriouspsychologicalconsequencesforvictims.Digitalcitizensneedtobeawareofthesignsofcyberbullyingandknowhowtorespondappropriately,whetherbyseekinghelpfromadultsorreportingthebehaviortoplatformmoderators.Digitalliteracyisanothercrucialaspectofdigitalcitizenship.Thisreferstotheabilitytofind,evaluate,anduseinformationfromdigitalsourceseffectively.Inanerawhereinformationoverloadisacommonproblem,digitalcitizensneedtobeabletocriticallyassessthecredibilityofonlinecontent.Thisincludesbeingabletodistinguishbetweenfactandopinion,identifybiasedormisleadinginformation,andunderstandthedifferencebetweenreliablesourcesanddubiousones.Digitalliteracyalsoinvolvestheabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyusingdigitaltechnology,includingwritingclearlyandrespectfullyinonlineenvironments.Respectforothersinonlineenvironmentsisalsoavitalcomponentofdigitalcitizenship.Thisincludesbeingpoliteandrespectfulinonlineinteractions,avoidingtheuseofoffensivelanguage,andrefrainingfromengaginginhatefulordiscriminatorybehavior.Digitalcitizensshouldalsobeawareoftheculturaldifferencesthatmayexistbetweenthemselvesandothersonline,andmakeanefforttobeculturallysensitiveandinclusive.Theanonymityprovidedbytheinternetcansometimesleadtoalackofaccountability,makingiteasierforindividualstoengageinharmfulbehavior.Digitalcitizensneedtobeawareofthisandmakeaconsciousefforttobehaveresponsiblyandethically.Theimpactofdigitalcitizenshiponsocietyissignificant.Bypromotingresponsibleandethicalbehavioronline,digitalcitizenshipcanhelpcreateasaferandmoreinclusivedigitalenvironmentforeveryone.Thiscanleadtoincreasedtrustandcollaborationinonlinecommunities,aswellasreducedlevelsofcyberbullyingandotherharmfulbehaviors.Digitalcitizenshipeducationisthereforeessential,particularlyforyoungergenerationswhoaregrowingupinadigitalworld.Finally,digitalcitizenshipalsoinvolvesbeinganactiveandresponsibleparticipantinthedigitalworld.Thisincludescontributingpositivelytoonlinecommunities,suchasbysharingusefulinformation,participatingindiscussions,andsupportingothers.Digitalcitizensshouldalsobeawareoftheirrightsandresponsibilitiesasonlineusers,andbewillingtostandupagainstharmfulorunethicalbehaviorwhentheyencounterit.Bybeingactiveandresponsibleparticipants,digitalcitizenscanhelpshapeamorepositiveandsustainabledigitalfuture.22.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?23.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthekeycomponentsofdigitalcitizenship?24.Howcandigitalliteracyhelpindividualsnavigatetheproblemofinformationoverload?25.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedinthefourthparagraphregardingrespectforothersinonlineenvironments?26.Theword"inclusive"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:27.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasacrucialelementinpromotingresponsibleandethicalbehavioronline?28.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedinthesixthparagraphregardingtheactiveparticipationofdigitalcitizens?第二部分寫作Youshouldspendabout40minutesonthistask.Writeaboutthefollowingtopic:Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonsociety.Inyouressay,youshould:*outlinethemainpositiveandnegativeimpactsoftechnologicaldevelopmentonsociety,*evaluatetheextenttowhichyouagreewiththisstatement,*givereasonsforyouranswer,*includeanyrelevantexamplesfromyourownknowledgeorexperience.Writeatleast150words.試卷答案1.Thepassageprimarilydiscussesthesignificantdrawbacksassociatedwiththerapidexpansionoftheinternet,suchasinformationoverload,thespreadofmisinformation,negativeimpactsonsocialinteractions,psychologicaleffects,andprivacyconcerns.2.Oneofthemainproblemsassociatedwithinformationoverloadisthedifficultyindiscerningcrediblesourcesfromdubiousones,leadingtowhatisknownas'filterfailure.'3.Socialmediaalgorithmscontributetothespreadofmisinformationbyprioritizingengagementoveraccuracy,causingsensationalizedormisleadingcontenttorapidlygaintractionandreinforceexistingbiases.4.Themainargumentinthethirdparagraphisthatwhiletheinternethasmadecommunicationmoreconvenient,ithasalsoledtoadeclineinface-to-faceinteractions,deterioratingthequalityofsocialconnectionsandcontributingtosocialisolation.5.Thepsychologicaleffectsofexcessiveinternetusagementionedincludeincreasedlevelsofanxietyanddepression,feelingsofinadequacyandcomparisonduetocuratedversionsoflifeonsocialmedia,andtheaddictivenatureofonlineplatformsleadingtounhealthyhabits.6.Theword"commodification"isclosestinmeaningtotheactoftreatingsomethingasacommodity,particularlyinthecontextofpersonaldatabeingcollectedandsoldbycorporations.7.Theauthorsuggeststhatapotentialsolutiontotheproblemofmisinformationontheinternetisthedevelopmentofbetteralgorithmsthatprioritizeaccuracyoverengagement,alongwithincreasedmedialiteracyeducationforusers.8.Themainideaofthepassageistodiscusstheconceptofsustainability,itschallenges,andtheimportanceofbalancingenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystemstomeetpresentneedswithoutcompromisingfuturegenerations.9.Oneofthemainchallengesinachievingsustainabilityisaddressingconsumerism,asthecultureofconsumptionleadstoexcessiveresourceconsumption,wastegeneration,andcarbonemissions.10.Acirculareconomydiffersfromthetraditionallineareconomicmodelbyemphasizingthereuse,recycling,andreductionofwaste,aimingtominimizeresourceextractionandenvironmentalimpact,whereasthelinearmodelfocuseson'take-make-dispose.'11.Themainargumentinthethirdparagraphisthatsocialsustainabilityiscrucialforsustainabledevelopment,asitinvolvesensuringaccesstobasicservices,promotingeducationandsocialinclusion,andaddressingpovertyandinequalitytocreateresilientcommunities.12.Technologicalinnovationsplayavitalroleinachievingsustainabilitybydevelopingandimplementingsolutionssuchassustainableagriculturepractices,greenbuildingmaterials,andpoliciesthatencourageresourceefficiencyandrenewableenergyuse.13.Theword"equitable"isclosestinmeaningtofairandjust,particularlyinthecontextofensuringequalaccesstoresourcesandopportunities.14.Theauthorsuggeststhatakeyfactorinencouragingsustainablepracticesisthecollaborationbetweengovernmentsandbusinessestodevelopandimplementpoliciesthatsupportsustainability,suchassubsidiesforrenewableenergyandregulationsthatpromoteresourceefficiency.15.Themainideaofthepassageistodiscussthetransformativepotentialofartificialintelligence(AI)anditsfar-reachingimplicationsforvarioussectors,alongwiththeassociatedbenefitsandchallenges.16.OneofthemainbenefitsofAIinhealthcareisitspotentialtoimproveoutcomesthroughtheanalysisofmedicalimageswithgreateraccuracyandspeed,leadingtoearlierdiseasedetectionandmorepersonalizedtreatmentplans.17.AIisbeingusedtoimprovecustomerserviceinthefinancesectorbyemployingAI-poweredchatbotstoprovideinstantassistanceandalgorithmstodetectfraudulenttransactionsinreal-time.18.ThemainargumentinthethirdparagraphisthatAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizethetransportationindustrybyreducingaccidentscausedbyhumanerror,decreasingtrafficcongestion,andimprovingfuelefficiencythroughautonomousvehiclesandoptimizedlogistics.19.Theword"immersive"isclosestinmeaningtoengagingandabsorbing,particularlyinthecontextofAI-poweredvirtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologiescreatingnewandengagingentertainmentexperiences.20.OneofthemainchallengesassociatedwithAIisthepotentialforjobdisplacement,asadvancedAIsystemsmayreplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries,leadingtounemploymentandeconomicinequality.21.TheauthorsuggeststhatacrucialstepinensuringtheresponsibledevelopmentanduseofAIisthecollaborationbetweengovernments,businesses,andresearcherstoestablishethicalguidelinesandregulationsgoverningthedevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnologies.22.Themainideaofthepassageistodiscusstheimportanceofdigitalcitizenshipinthe21stcentury,emphasizingtheresponsibleandethicaluseofdigitaltechnologyandthekeycomponentsofdigitalcitizenship,includingonlinesafety,digitalliteracy,andrespectforothers.23.Oneofthekeycomponentsofdigitalcitizenshipisonlinesafety,whichinvolvesprotectingpersonalinformationandbeingawareoftherisksofsharingpersonalinformationonlineandthesignsofcyberbullying.24.Digitalliteracyhelpsindividualsnavigatetheproblemofinformationoverloadbyenablingthemtocriticallyassessthecredibilityofonlinecontent,distinguishbetweenfactandopinion,andidentifybiasedormisleadinginformation.25.Themainargumentinthefourthparagraphisthatrespectforothersinonlineenvironmentsisvital,asitinvolvesbeingpoliteandrespectful,avoidingoffensivelanguage,andrefrainingfromengaginginhatefulordiscriminatorybehavior,eveninthefaceofanonymity.26.Theword"inclusive"isclosestinmeaningtodiverseandaccepting,particularlyinthe