2/2遼寧省重點(diǎn)高中沈陽市郊聯(lián)體2022-2023學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末高二年級試題英語考試時間：120分鐘試卷總分：150分注意事項：本試卷由第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分組成。第Ⅰ卷中選擇題部分，一律涂在答卡上;第Ⅱ卷，為非選擇題部分，按要求答在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。第Ⅰ卷選擇題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthewomanrefusetoplayfootball?A.Sheisn’tinterested.B.Sheissick.C.It’stoohot.2.Whattimeisitnowprobably?A.8:10.B.8:15.C.8:30.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Professorandstudent.B.Librarianandreader.C.Classmates.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Intheman’shouse.5.Howwillthewomangotothetheater?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sthetoyintendedfor?A.Holdingthecatfood.B.Lettingthecatrestonit.C.Allowingthecattoscratch.7.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Relieved.B.Confused.C.Angry.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanmentionshewoulddoifshebecamerich?A.Buyexpensivejewelry.B.Travelaroundtheglobe.C.Openahigh-endrestaurant.9.Whatkindofgroupdoestheman’scousingivehismoneyto?A.Disabledkids.B.Lonelyoldpeople.C.Peoplewithlowincome.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Watchafilm.B.Tryanewrestaurant.C.Hangoutinthedowntown.11.Whatclasseswillthemantaketomorrowafternoon?A.Biologyandphysics.B.Chemistryandbiology.C.Geographyandphysics12.WhodidthemanrunintolastWednesday?A.Histeacher.B.TheprincipalC.Thewoman’ssister.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whyhasthewoman’sflightbeendelayed?A.There’saheavyfog.B.There’sathunderstorm.C.There’saheavyfallofsnow.14.Howsoondoesthewomanguesstheflightwilltakeoff?A.In3hours.B.In4hours.C.In5hours15.Whatdothewoman’skidsexpecthertodo?A.Tobuythempresents.B.Tohavedinnerwiththem.C.Toreadthembedtimestories16.Whatwillthemandowithhiskidstonight?A.Askthemtosleepearly.B.Takethemtohisfriend’shouse.C.Lethisneighbortakecareofthem.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WherehasYang’snovelcausedalivelydiscussion?A.Inherschool.B.Onthewebsite.C.Inthepublishingindustry.18.Whatdoesthenoveldiscussabout?A.Howheroesfightagainstevilcreatures.B.TeenagetroublesinalandcalledLorania.C.Whatheroesshouldbelikeinateenager’seyes.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthenovel?A.It’s600,000-wordlong.B.Thepublisherthinksitimaginative.C.Yangspentover6yearswritingit.20.WhathasYangshowntothepublic?A.Hergiftforliterature.B.HergoodmasteringofChinese.C.Herextensiveknowledgeinmanyfields.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出一個最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIn-studioclassesMondaysGivetheneighborhoodbirdsahandmadebathtubtoplayaroundin!Learnthebasicsofcastinginmetalandwalkawaywithabeautifulpieceoffunctionalartasaperfectadditiontoyourgarden.7.Weeks*March15-April26*6:30-9:30p.m.*$373*Beginning*GlennEvansTuesdaysDevelopyourcreativityandlearnthebasicsofwelding(鍛焊)!Exploretheory,weldingtechniques,andequipmentsafetywhileyoudeveloptheweldingandproductionskillsnecessarytoturnyourartisticvisionintoacompleteworkofart!15Weeks*January19-April27*6:30-9:30p.m.*$592*AllLevels*JulieBallWednesdaysHeat,beat,andrepeat!Learnhowtomakesimpleleavesorcreatesomethingelseforyourhousetomakeitmoreattractive.Beginningblacksmiths(鐵匠)willlearntoheatandbeatmetalintosimpleshapes.Intermediateblacksmithswillfocusondesigninganddevelopingtheirartisticstyle.7Weeks*March17-April28*3:30-6:30p.m.*$373*BeginningIntermediate*EricShotwellThursdaysCutandsliceinstylewithyourveryownknife!Exploretraditionalblacksmithingtechniquesasyoulearnhowtoheat,form,andshapemetalintoaone-of-a-kindknife.15Weeks*January21-April29*6:30-9:30p.m.*$592*AllLevels*JeremyPughFridaysWood,metal,andstone!Wewillfocusonusingavarietyofdifferentmaterialstocreatefantasticworksofart.Cutting,bendingandconnectingdifferentkindsofmaterialswillallowyoutocreatethesculptureofyourdreams!15Weeks*January22-April30*9:00a.m.-Noon*$592*IntermediateAdvanced*TeachingArtistTBD1.WhatwillstudentsdoonWednesdays?A.Learnbasicweldingtechniques.B.Shapemetalintosimpledecorations.C.Makeasculptureofabirdforagarden.D.Createworksofartwithvariousmaterials.2.Whoseclassesshouldyoutakeifyouwouldlikeauniqueknife?A.JulieBall’s.B.GlennEvans’s.C.JeremyPugh’s.DEricShotwell’s.3.Whichdatesareopentostudentsinthemorning?A.Fridays,fromJanuary22toApril30.B.Mondays,fromMarch15toApril26.C.Tuesdays,fromJanuary19toApril27.D.Wednesdays,fromMarch17toApril28.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是一些工作室內(nèi)的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wednesdays部分的“Learnhowtomakesimpleleavesorcreatesomethingelseforyourhousetomakeitmoreattractive.Beginningblacksmiths(鐵匠)willlearntoheatandbeatmetalintosimpleshapes.(學(xué)習(xí)如何制作簡單的樹葉或為你的房子創(chuàng)造一些其他的東西，使它更有吸引力。初級鐵匠將學(xué)習(xí)加熱并將金屬打成簡單的形狀。)”可知，學(xué)生們星期三把金屬做成簡單的裝飾品，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thursdays部分的“Exploretraditionalblacksmithingtechniquesasyoulearnhowtoheat,form,andshapemetalintoaone-of-a-kindknife.(探索傳統(tǒng)的鍛造技術(shù)，學(xué)習(xí)如何加熱，成型，塑造金屬成為一把獨(dú)一無二的刀。)”和JeremyPugh可知，如果你想要一把獨(dú)特的刀，你應(yīng)該上JeremyPugh的課，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fridays部分的“January22-April30*9:00a.m.-Noon(1月22日-4月30日*上午9:00-中午)”可知，上午對學(xué)生開放的日期是1月22日至4月30日的星期五，故選A。BIenjoythrowingstuffaway.I’dlovetogofullminimalism(極簡主義),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames–“DoWeNeedIt?”and“PutItinItsPlace”–andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.IfI’mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI’dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.Iconsiderthisunhealthy.Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.So,thistimeIfoundhelp–theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo’scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.CanIgofullKondo?Iwilltry.Onecentralideaistocleanbycategory.Youstartbycollectingallclothesandgatheringthemtogetherforconsideration.Itmakesyourethinkhowyouorganize.Next,holdeachitemandaskifitbringsyoujoy.Thiswayyou’rechoosingwhattokeep.Andthat’showIfindmyselfwithallmyclothesonmybedroomfloor.MywifewalksbyandgivesmealookthatsaysI’mnuts.She’sprobablynotwrong.Somewherenearthebottomofthischaosismyspecialjacket.Imovethroughthepile:pants,shirts,suitsandshoes.Thenmylastcategory:jackets.Ihaven’twornthethinginabout30years.Somehow,ithassurvived.NowthatI’mstrivingtofollowKondo–surely,itstimehascome?Iholditinmyhand.ThereisatearjustbelowthecollarthatwidensasIholdit.It’sliterallyfallingapart.WillIeverwearitagain?Notachance.Doesitfeelgoodtowear?Doesitbringmejoy?Actually,yes.Atthismoment,mydaughterwalksin.Sheasksaboutthejacket.Itellherthestory.ShethinksIshouldkeepit.It’scoolanduniqueandfullofmemories.Sheisarguingthatnostalgia(懷念)istheveryreason.I’mnotentirelyconvincedbymydaughter’sarguments.Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit’shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.adjusted B.reserved C.abandoned D.tidied5.WhatdrivestheauthortoreadTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp?A.Tolearnhowtocategorize. B.Toimprovehistidyingskills.C.Topersuadehisfamilymembers. D.Todeveloppassionforminimalism.6.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthor’sfamilymemberstowardminimalism?A.Theydon’tunderstandit. B.Theycompletelysupportit.C.Theyarestronglyopposedtoit. D.Theyarelesspassionateaboutit.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Knowingwhentoletgo B.ClassifyingwhatyouloveC.Throwingworn-outclothes D.Keepingvaluablepossessions【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文中作者喜歡完全的極簡主義風(fēng)格，但家人并不支持他，為了提高整理技巧，作者去讀了《改變生活的整理魔法》。在整理滿地的衣服時，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了難以舍棄的夾克衫，又把它放在了“保留”堆里。4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“IfI’mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI’dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.”（說實(shí)話，我自己的整理技能并沒有我想要的那么好。我的“discarded”堆從來都不是我想要的垃圾山，因為我為東西為什么有用找借口）可知，愛整理的作者，整理出來要扔棄的不是自己想要的垃圾山。故劃線詞意思是丟棄，近義詞是abandoned。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.”(我想更好地繼續(xù)前進(jìn))以及第三段“So,thistimeIfoundhelp–theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo’scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.”（所以，這次我找到了幫助——為像我這樣的人準(zhǔn)備的經(jīng)典書籍:近藤麻理惠的《改變生活的整理魔法》。近藤對她的技藝的投入是驚人的。她的哲學(xué)是只保留自己喜歡的東西）可知，提高他的整理技巧是驅(qū)使作者去讀《改變生活的整理魔法》。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ienjoythrowingstuffaway.I’dlovetogofullminimalism(極簡主義),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames–‘DoWeNeedIt?’and‘PutItinItsPlace’–andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.”（我喜歡扔掉東西。我喜歡完全的極簡主義風(fēng)格，但我的妻子和兩個十幾歲的孩子不喜歡我那種幾乎什么都沒有的房子的夢想。我已經(jīng)試過了。當(dāng)孩子們還小的時候，我教他們我最喜歡的兩個游戲——“我們需要它嗎?”和《放回原處》——每隔幾個月就讓他們演奏一次。他們的熱情永遠(yuǎn)比不上我）可知，家人們對極簡主義不那么有激情。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段“Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit’shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.”（我相信向前看，而不是向后看。然而，有時候放手是很難的。所以我輕輕地把夾克放在“保留”那一堆）可知，作者一直堅持極簡主義風(fēng)格，但是在整理過程中也遇到了難以取舍的物品，所以本文圍繞著“在收納過程中知道什么時候放手”的主題展開?！爸朗裁磿r候放手”適合做最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。CResearchbythePolicyInstituteatKing’s.CollegeLondonandIpsosMORIshowedthataround54%ofBritishpeoplewillmisssomepartsoflockdown(封城),includingfamilytime.19%ofthe2,442adultssaidthelastyearhadbeenbetterthantheyexpectedittobewhenthefirstlockdownstarted.Theresearchalsofoundthat32%ofpeoplefeltthepastyearhadbeensimilartoorbetterthanusualforthempersonally.Peoplehaveenjoyedbeingclosertotheirfamily,friends,andneighboursthroughouttopandemic(流行病),with28%feelingclosertotheirfamily,19%totheirneighbours,and31%totheirfriends.ProfessorBobbyDuffydirectorofthePolicyInstituteatKing’sCollegeLondon,said:“Thereisnodoubtthatthepublicwouldratherthepandemichadn’thappenedatall—butthatdoesn’tmeanit’sbeenallbadforeveryone,orthatpeopleseeitdeeplyinfluencingtheirfuture.What’ssurprisingaboutthefindingsisthatforagroupofpeoplethelastyearturnedoutbetterthanexpected,orevenbetterthananormalyear.”Headded“Ofcourse,manyhavebeenbadlyinfluenced.Thefindingsdrawattentiontoakeyareaofthepandemic,thatwhileactiontocontrolthepandemichasbeentaken,itsinfluencedependshugelyonyourowncircumstances.”Almosthalfofthepublicfeltthelastyearhadbeenworsethanexpectedand43%expecteditsmentalhealthbecauseofthepandemic.Theresearchfoundthatsomepeopleplantocontinuewithsomehabitstheyformedinlockdown,withsayingtheywillshoplocallymoreand38%sayingtheyplantowalkmorepost-pandemic.GideonSkinner,researchdirectoratIpsosMORI,saidBritishpeopleexpectthepandemicwillleadtolong-termchangesbutbolddifferentopinionsonwhatthechangescouldbe.8.Whatdidtheresearchmainlyfind?A.AbouthalfofBritishpeoplewouldliketokeepsomepartsoflockdownlife.B.MostBritishpeoplethoughttheyweredisconnectedfromtheirfriends.C.LifeduringlockdownwasbetterthanBritishpeople’snormallife.D.LockdownwasmuchworsethanBritishpeoplehadthought.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Thepandemicdeeplyinfluencedpeople’sfuture.B.Thepublicwouldmisssomepartsoflockdown.C.Thepublicwouldprefertherehadbeennopandemic.D.Thepandemicseemedtobeoutofcontrollastyear.10.WhatcanweinferfromGideonSkinner’sopinioninthelastparagraph?A.Thechangesbroughtbythepandemicarestillunclear.B.Peoplewillpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilylife.C.Thepandemicishelpingpeopleformgoodhabits.D.Peoplearelosingtheirconfidenceinthefuture.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshareinthistext?A.Waystospendtimeduringlockdown.B.Badinfluencesofthepandemiconpeople’slife.C.People’ssocialrelationshipsduringthepandemic.D.Aresearchresultonpeople’slifeduringlockdown.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會懷念封城期間生活中的某些方面，如家庭生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ResearchbythePolicyInstituteatKing’s.CollegeLondonandIpsosMORIshowedthataround54%ofBritishpeoplewillmisssomepartsoflockdown(封城),includingfamilytime.(由倫敦國王學(xué)和莫利調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)的政策研究所進(jìn)行的研究顯示，約54%的英國人將懷念封城期間的某些部分，包括與家人團(tuán)聚的時間)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約一半英國人表示他們會懷念封城生活的某些方面。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中劃線詞所在句“Thereisnodoubtthatthepublicwouldratherthepandemichadn’thappenedatall—butthatdoesn’tmeanit’sbeenallbadforeveryone,orthatpeopleseeitdeinfluencingtheirfuture.(毫無疑問，人們不希望疫情發(fā)生，但這個想法不意味著疫情的方方面面都糟糕透頂，或者人們認(rèn)為它對將來影響巨大)”可知，that指代上文“人們不希望疫情發(fā)生”這一想法。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“GideonSkinner,researchdirectoratIpsosMORI,saidBritishpeopleexpectthepandemicwillleadtolong-termchangesbutbolddifferentopinionsonwhatthechangescouldbe.(莫里調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)的研究主管GideonSkinner表示，英國人預(yù)計新冠肺炎疫情將帶來長期的變化，但對變化的內(nèi)容有不同的看法)”可知，人們預(yù)計疫情會帶來某些長期的變化，但是具體會發(fā)生哪些變化人們意見不一。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中的“ResearchbythePolicyInstituteatKing’s.CollegeLondonandIpsosMORIshowedthataround54%ofBritishpeoplewillmisssomepartsoflockdown(封城),includingfamilytime.(由倫敦國王學(xué)和莫利調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)的政策研究所進(jìn)行的研究顯示，約54%的英國人將懷念封城期間的某些部分，包括與家人團(tuán)聚的時間)”可知，本文主要是向讀者分享一項研究結(jié)果，分析了人們對疫情封城期間生活的一些看法以及封城可能會產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D。DAnartificialintelligencecandecode(解碼)wordsandsentencesfrombrainactivitywithsurprising—thoughstilllimited—accuracy.Usingonlyafewsecondsofbrainactivitydata,theAIguesseswhatapersonhasheard.Itliststhecorrectanswerinitstop10possibilitiesupto73percentofthetime,researchersfoundinastudy.DevelopedattheparentcompanyofFacebook,Meta,theAIcouldeventuallybeusedtohelpthousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldunabletocommunicatethroughspeech,typingorgestures,researchersreportonAugust25atarX.Mostexistingtechnologiestohelpsuchpatientscommunicaterequireriskybrainsurgeriestoimplantelectrodes.Thisnewapproach“couldprovideapracticalpathtohelppatientswithouttheuseofinvasivemethods,”saysneuroscientistJean-RémiKing,aMetaAIresearcherinParis.Kingandhiscolleaguestrainedacomputationaltooltodetectwordsandsentenceson56,000hoursofspeechrecordingsfrom53languages.Thetool,alsoknownasalanguagemodel,learnedhowtorecognizespecificfeaturesoflanguage.Withthehelpofacomputationalmethod,theteamtriedtodecodewhatparticipantshadheardusingjustthreesecondsofbrainactivitydatafromeachperson.TheteaminstructedtheAItomatchthespeechsoundsfromthestoryrecordingstopatternsofbrainactivitythattheAIcomputedascorrespondingtowhatpeoplewerehearing.Itthenmadepredictionsaboutwhatthepersonmighthavebeenhearingduringthatshorttime,givenmorethan1,000possibilities.ThecorrectanswerwasintheAI’stop10guessesupto73percentofthetime,theresearchersfound.Thenewstudyis“decodingofspeechperception,notproduction,”Kingnotes.Thoughspeechproductionistheultimategoal,fornow,“we’requitealongwayaway.”12.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Theprincipleofhumanbrainactivity.B.Thelimitationofhumanbrainactivity.C.Thedefinitionoftheartificialintelligence.D.Thenewfunctionoftheartificialintelligence.13.WhommighttheAIbebeneficialto?A.Peopleunabletohear. B.Peoplewhocan’tmovearound.C.Peoplewhoareunconscious. D.Peopleunabletocommunicatenormally.14.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph4?A.Toanalyzethefeaturesofthestudy. B.Tostatethesignificanceofthestudy.C.Tointroducetheprocessofthestudy. D.Topresenttheachievementofthestudy.15.WhatcanweinferabouttheAIfromthepassage?A.Itperformswellinthespeechproduction.B.Itsaccuracyisfarfromtheresearchs’satisfaction.C.Itwillhelppatientsavoiddangerousbrainsurgeries.DItslanguagelearningabilityisbeyondexpectation.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能的新用途——可以從大腦活動中解碼單詞和句子，這可以用于幫助全世界數(shù)以千計無法通過語音、打字或手勢進(jìn)行交流的人?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anartificialintelligencecandecode(解碼)wordsandsentencesfrombrainactivitywithsurprising—thoughstilllimited—accuracy.Usingonlyafewsecondsofbrainactivitydata,theAIguesseswhatapersonhasheard.Itliststhecorrectanswerinitstop10possibilitiesupto73percentofthetime,researchersfoundinastudy.(人工智能可以從大腦活動中解碼單詞和句子，其準(zhǔn)確性令人驚訝（盡管仍然有限）。只需要幾秒鐘的大腦活動數(shù)據(jù)，人工智能就能猜出一個人聽到了什么。研究人員在一項研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，正確答案出現(xiàn)在前10種可能性中的概率高達(dá)73%。)”可知，第一段主要介紹了人工智能可以從大腦活動中解碼單詞和句子，這是人工智能的一項新功能，故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DevelopedattheparentcompanyofFacebook,Meta,theAIcouldeventuallybeusedtohelpthousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldunabletocommunicatethroughspeech,typingorgestures,researchersreportAugust25atarX.(8月25日，研究人員在arX上作的報告稱，這種人工智能由臉書的母公司Meta開發(fā)，最終可用于幫助全世界數(shù)以千計無法通過語音、打字或手勢進(jìn)行交流的人。)”可知，人工智能或許對不能正常交流的人有益，故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Kingandhiscolleaguestrainedacomputationaltooltodetectwordsandsentenceson56,000hoursofspeechrecordingsfrom53languages...Withthehelpofacomputationalmethod,theteamtriedtodecodewhatparticipantshadheardusingjustthreesecondsofbrainactivitydatafromeachperson.TheteaminstructedtheAItomatchthespeechsoundsfromthestoryrecordingstopatternsofbrainactivity...(King和他的同事們訓(xùn)練了一個計算工具來檢測來自53種語言的56000小時的語音記錄中的單詞和句子……在計算方法的幫助下，研究小組試圖用每個人三秒鐘的大腦活動數(shù)據(jù)解碼參與者所聽到的內(nèi)容。研究小組指示人工智能將故事錄音中的語音與大腦活動模式進(jìn)行匹配……)”可推知，第四段的目的是介紹該研究的過程，故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Mostexistingtechnologiestohelpsuchpatientscommunicaterequireriskybrainsurgeriestoimplantelectrodes.Thisnewapproach“couldprovideapracticalpathtohelppatientswithouttheuseofinvasivemethods,”saysneuroscientistJean-RémiKing,aMetaAIresearcherinParis.(大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，以幫助這些病人溝通需要危險的腦部手術(shù)植入電極。這種新方法“可以提供一種實(shí)用的途徑來幫助病人而不需要使用侵入性的方法，”神經(jīng)科學(xué)家Jean-RémiKing說，他是巴黎的MetaAI研究員。)”可推知，人工智能技術(shù)不需要給病人腦部做手術(shù)植入電極，所以說它能幫助病人避免危險的腦部手術(shù)。故選C。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtosurviveastampedeAtleast154peoplewerekilledandmorethan100othersinjuredinastampede(驚逃)accidentthatoccurredatItaewon,Seoul,Korea,duringaHalloweengathering,localauthoritiessaidearlySundaymorning.Whatshouldwedoincaseofsimilarcrowdingandtrampling(踩踏)accidents?Hereareafewtipstoincreasethechancesofsurvivalinanincident.LookforexitsIfyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits._____16_____.Keepaneyeonthecrowd_____17_____,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute._____18_____Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.ProtectyourheadIfyoufall,getupquickly._____19_____,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.MovediagonallytowardstheexitAfteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(對角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod._____20_____.A.AvoidanychokepointsB.KeeppacewiththecrowdC.BeawareofthegeneralatmosphereofthecrowdD.Youdon’twanttobeknockedunconsciousinthissituationE.YouworkyourwayoutthatwaytillyougettotheouteredgeF.Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetoutG.Ifyoucan’tkeepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在踩踏中幸存的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits.(如果你在人群中，首先也是最重要的是讓自己熟悉周圍的環(huán)境，并在心里注意到可供選擇的出口)”可知，上文提到要注意出口，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)繼續(xù)強(qiáng)調(diào)要找到出口，知道怎么出去。故F選項“無論你在哪里，一定要知道怎么出去”符合語境。故選F項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute.(因為恐慌的情況經(jīng)常是可以預(yù)料到的。當(dāng)遇到危險時，幾秒鐘就能改變一切，讓你有可能利用你的逃跑路線)”可知，后文提到恐慌的情況經(jīng)常是可以預(yù)料到的，說明要注意人群是否有恐慌的氣氛。故C選項“注意人群的總體氣氛”符合語境。故選C項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在移動的人群中間，不要對抗壓力，不要站著不動或坐下，因為你很容易被踩踏。向人群的同一個方向移動，雙手舉在胸前，像拳擊手一樣——這樣可以讓你移動，保護(hù)你的胸部)”可知，本段的主旨是行動要和人群同一個方向，即與人群同步。故B選項“與人群同步”符合語境，由總括本段的作用。故選B項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoufall,getupquickly.(如果你跌倒了，迅速站起來)”以及后文“orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs).(如果這樣做不可能，那就用手臂遮住頭部，蜷縮成胎兒的姿勢，不要趴在地上或仰臥著，因為這樣會暴露肺部，非常危險)”可知，本句是在假設(shè)跌倒站不起來的情況，該如何做。故G選項“如果你做不到，繼續(xù)沿著人群的同一個方向爬行”符合語境。故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Afteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(對角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod.(當(dāng)你向前推進(jìn)時，就像海浪一樣，會有片刻的平靜。在這段靜默中，你有機(jī)會移動，你移動的方式是在一個對角線上，在人群之間。人與人之間總是有距離的。向旁邊走了幾步，又來了一波浪，然后又走了幾步，進(jìn)入下一個平靜期)”可知，本句旨在說明提到利用平靜期以及對角線行動來慢慢移動到人群的外圍，故E選項“你沿著那條路一直走到外圍”符合語境。故選E項。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.Theeconomyinourareawasinpretty____21____shape.AndIwas____22____forwhattodonextwhenIansweredtheonline____23____.NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(劈)wood.Idrovetotheaddressandthereonthefrontfieldwasahuge____24____Elmtreeblownbystrongwinds.Anoldladywassitting____25____atthedoor.We____26____on$150todothejob.TheoldElmwastougherthanIhad____27____.Mychainsaw(電鋸)cutitfine,butwhenItriedtosplitit,mychainsawwas____28____.SoIhadtoborrowawoodsplitterfromherneighbour.Imanagedtofinishthetaskatdusk.Asshelookedatthehugepileofwoodonthelawn,an____29____expressionworkeditswayacrossherface.Sheinvitedmeinfor______30______.Withtearsbuildingupinhereyes,she______31______measandwichandsaid,“Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing______32______.Ihaditinmypursebutnowheretobefound.Thatiswhat______33______moneyIhavesavedforhalfayear.”Seeingherhomewasnot______34______,IrealizedshewashavingahardshipworsethanI.Icomfortedherandthen______35______whatfirewoodwouldfitintoherwoodstorageroom.OnthewayhomeIthoughttomyself…“ItIsWhatItIs”.21.A.rough B.unique C.different D.active22.A.atatime B.ataloss C.inaway D.inthemood23.A.course B.platform C.advertisement D.activity24.A.growing B.upstanding C.rotten D.fallen25.A.helplessly B.happily C.thoughtfully D.leisurely26.A.insisted B.agreed C.looked D.depended27.A.anticipated B.mentioned C.remembered D.experienced28.A.unusual B.sharp C.useless D.faultless29.A.astonished B.annoyed C.abstract D.anxious30.A.breath B.dinner C.shift D.money31.A.served B.returned C.owed D.bought32.A.fast B.short C.missing D.shopping33.A.extra B.remaining C.much D.little34.A.attractive B.old-fashioned C.decent D.secure35.A.piled B.changed C.backed D.broke【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為找不到工作，只好在網(wǎng)上接些臨工廣告。作者接到一個被大風(fēng)吹倒的大樹需要伐木的生意，作者伐完木之后，老婦人積攢了半年并答應(yīng)作者應(yīng)付的150美元不見了。作者看到老婦人不太體面的家庭，意識到她比自己更困難。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們這個地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相當(dāng)糟糕。A.rough艱難的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.different不同的；D.active積極的。根據(jù)“Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.”可知，作者找工作困難，說明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相當(dāng)糟糕。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去接網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告時，我不知道下一步該做什么。A.atatime每次；B.ataloss不知所措；C.inaway在某種程度上；D.inthemood心情好。根據(jù)“whattodonext”可知，作者在網(wǎng)上接一些活，具體下一步做什么，作者不知所措。故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去接網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告時，我不知道下一步該做什么。A.course過程；B.platform平臺；C.advertisement廣告；D.activity活動。根據(jù)“NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(劈)wood.”可知，作者是在網(wǎng)上接一些臨工廣告。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開車去了那個地址，前面的空地上有一棵巨大的榆樹被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒了。A.growing增強(qiáng)的；B.upstanding正直的；C.rotten腐爛的；D.fallen落下的。根據(jù)“Elmtreeblownbystrongwinds.”和常識可知，大樹是被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒的。故選D。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一位老婦人無助地坐在門口。A.helplessly無助地；B.happily快樂地；C.thoughtfully深思地；D.leisurely休閑地。根據(jù)“NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(劈)wood.”可知，老婦人登廣告找人伐木，說明她當(dāng)時是無助的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們同意150美元做這項工作。A.insisted堅持；B.agreed同意；C.looked看；D.depended依靠。根據(jù)“Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing_____12_____.”可知，老婦人同意花150美元讓作者做這項工作。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：老榆樹比我預(yù)期的要結(jié)實(shí)。A.anticipated預(yù)期