2/2榆林市2022~2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onabus.2.WhatdoesthewomangotoShanghaifor?A.Familygathering.B.Travel.C.Business.3.Whatwillthegirlprobablydo?A.Doherhomework.B.Gotorideaboat.C.Enjoythebeautifulday.4.Whathappenedtothedriver?A.Heranintoabicycle.B.Hedrovetoofast.C.Heranintoatree.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Neighbors.C.Husbandandwife.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthecolorofthechosenbookshelf?A.White.B.Brown.C.Black.7.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Waitforthewoman.B.Payforthebill.C.Checktheprice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhyisthemanmovingtoNewYork?A.Tofindabetterjob.B.Toseehisfamily.C.Tolivewithhisfriends.9.Howoldistheman?A.19yearsold.B.29yearsold.C.39yearsold.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.InChina.B.InBrazil.C.InAmerica.11.What’stheman’swork?A.Advertising.B.Runningarestaurant.C.Doingthewinebusiness.12.WhatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheBrazilianrestaurant?A.Itsservice.B.Itslocation.C.Itsfood.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatwasthemandoingwhenthephonerang?A.Shopping.B.Workinginthegarden.C.SurfingtheInternet.14.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Toborrowbooks.B.Toaskabouthersister.C.Totalkaboutherplans.15.WhatkindofbooksdoesAnnawanttoread?A.Geography.B.Music.C.History.16.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichofthefollowingwasinthefarmer’sbag?A.Vegetables.B.Rice.C.Fruits.18.Whathappenedtothefarmer’sbag?A.Itwasbroken.B.Itgotstolen.C.Itfellfromhishorse.19.Whohelpedthefarmer?A.Apoorman.B.Arichman.C.Hisfriend.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Everyonecanbecomeagreatman.B.Everyoneshouldhelppeopleinneed.CEveryoneshouldpayforothers’help.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APackthecarandexplorewhatNewYorkStatehastooffer.Herearefourfamily-friendlydestinationswhereyouandthekidscanplay,learnandhaveendlessamountsoffun.SullivanCatskillsThisyear-roundwaterparkfeatures11attractionsincludinganactivitypool,aropebridgechallengeandslides.Theroomiskeptat84degrees,whichpreventsanyoutsideCatskillcold.ItopensfromThursdaytoSunday.VidbelMountainHomesteadThisfifth-generationnonprofitfarmcaresforseveralanimals,manyofwhicharerescues.Thefarmworkstoteachchildrentocarefortheresidenthorses,pigsanddogs.Thisseason,thefarmisopentoanyonewhowouldliketoseetheanimals,withaspecialfocusonchildandadultvisitorswithspecialneedsordealingwithillness.Noadmissionfee.BethelWoodsCenterfortheArtsIt’sanonprofitorganizationlocatedatthehistoric1969WoodstockMusicFestivalsite.Guestsarewelcometoexplorethepreservedsitethatheldthefamousfestival.ThecenteralsohasamuseumthatfeaturesartifactsfromWoodstock.ThomasColeNationalHistoricSiteThesitehasbeenadditionallyfittedwithdigitalstorytellingequipmentintendedtoengagepeopleofallages,andwhileoriginalartworksareondisplay,therearealsothingstotouchandexplore.1.Whereshallthevisitorsgoiftheyareinterestedinaninfluentialfestival?A.SullivanCatskills.B.VidbelMountainHomestead.C.BethelWoodsCenterfortheArts.D.ThomasColeNationalHistoricSite.2.WhatcanthevisitorsdoinThomasColeNationalHistoricSite?A.Buyapet. B.Seeadoctor.C.Visitsomeanimals. D.Enjoysomeartworks.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.History. B.Art. C.Travelling. D.Geography.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在紐約州，有四個(gè)適合家庭的旅游目的地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BethelWoodsCenterfortheArts中“It’sanonprofitorganizationlocatedatthehistoric1969WoodstockMusicFestivalsite.Guestsarewelcometoexplorethepreservedsitethatheldthefamousfestival.”（這是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，位于1969年伍德斯托克音樂節(jié)的歷史遺址。歡迎客人探索保存完好的舉辦著名節(jié)日的地點(diǎn)。）可知，如果游客對(duì)一個(gè)有影響力的節(jié)日感興趣，應(yīng)該去伯特利森林藝術(shù)中心。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThomasColeNationalHistoricSite中“Thesitehasbeenadditionallyfittedwithdigitalstorytellingequipmentintendedtoengagepeopleofallages,andwhileoriginalartworksareondisplay,therearealsothingstotouchandexplore.”（該遺址還配備了數(shù)字講故事設(shè)備，旨在吸引所有年齡段的人，在展出原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)品的同時(shí)，也有一些可以觸摸和探索的東西。）可知，游客在托馬斯科爾國(guó)家歷史遺址可以欣賞一些藝術(shù)品。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“PackthecarandexplorewhatNewYorkStatehastooffer.Herearefourfamily-friendlydestinationswhereyouandthekidscanplay,learnandhaveendlessamountsoffun.”（收拾好行李，去探索紐約州的美景吧。這里有四個(gè)適合家庭的目的地，你和孩子們可以在這里玩耍、學(xué)習(xí)，享受無盡的樂趣。）可知，文章主要介紹了紐約州的四個(gè)適合家庭的旅游目的地。故可推知，你可能在報(bào)紙的旅行部分讀到這篇文章。故選C項(xiàng)。BKairoMcLeanwaswaitingforhismomtopickhimupfromschool.Shearrivedwiththecarwindowsdown,playingKairo’ssongEasyNowasloudasthesoundcouldgo.Thatwaswhensheinformedhimthathewasnominated(提名)fortheJunoAwards,oneofCanada’smostinfluentialmusicawards,forReggaeRecordingoftheYear.Atage13,KairowastheyoungestartistevernominatedforReggaeRecordingoftheYearattheJUNOS.HisJuno-nominatedsingleEasyNowappearsonhisfirst-everalbum(歌曲專輯)ofthesametitle.“I’msogladthatreggaemusic,whichisoriginallyfromJamaica(牙買加),isbeingrecognizedandappreciatedhereinCanada,”Kairosaidinaninterview.“It’sreallyexcitingthatallmyeffortshavebeenrecognizedinspiteofmyyoungage,anditencouragedmetokeepstrugglinghardtorealizemymusicaldream,”hesaid.“Kairowouldtrytoplaythekeyboardbeforehewastallenoughtoreachit.Hewantedtolearnhowtoplaytheguitarbeforeitcouldevenfitonhislap,”Kairo’smomrecalled.“ListeningtomusicfromreggaemusicartistslikeCocoaTea,YellowmanandBobMarleyisanormalthinginourhousehold.Apartfromthat,hereallyputmanyeffortsinhisinterest,”sheadded.AsaCanadianreggaeartistoutsideofJamaica,Kairofeelsthatmusicshouldspreadamessageaboutloveandpeace,notthingslikeviolenceandhate.Kairo’smusicisaboutbrightlightintheworld,thoughwemightbealwayscaughtinthedarknesssuchasbullies(仗勢(shì)欺人者)atschoolorcrimeinthesociety.“IbringuptheinjusticesthatIseeintheworldandItalkaboutthembecausetheyneedtobespokenaboutandtheyneedtobeheard,”saidKairo.4.WhatwasKairoMcLeantoldinthefirstparagraph?A.Hislastalbumcameout.B.Hewaslikelytowinamusicalaward.C.HewasinvitedtoreceiveJunoAwards.D.HismusicwasfinallyrecognizedinJamaica.5.HowdidKairoMcLeanfeelwhenheheardthenews?A.Calm. B.Nervous. C.Encouraged. D.Frightened.6.WhatdoweknowaboutKairoMcLeanfromhismother’swords?A.Hisgiftmatteredmorethanhisefforts.B.Heshowedhisloveformusicasachild.C.Hecouldplayvariousmusicalinstruments.D.Hisfamilydidn’tsupporthismusicaldream.7.WhichofthefollowingisKairo’smusicmainlyabout?A.Spreadingpositivemessages.B.Focusingonschoolbullies.C.IntroducingJamaicancultures.DDescribinghisownlifestories.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹KairoMcLean獲得朱諾獎(jiǎng)的年度雷鬼唱片獎(jiǎng)的提名?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thatwaswhensheinformedhimthathewasnominated(提名)fortheJunoAwards,oneofCanada’smostinfluentialmusicawards,forReggaeRecordingoftheYear.(就在那時(shí)，她告訴他，他被提名為朱諾獎(jiǎng)，加拿大最具影響力的音樂獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)之一，年度雷鬼唱片。)”可知，他的媽媽去學(xué)校接他時(shí)，告訴他獲得了朱諾獎(jiǎng)的年度雷鬼唱片獎(jiǎng)的提名，即：獲得了一個(gè)重要的音樂獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’sreallyexcitingthatallmyeffortshavebeenrecognizedinspiteofmyyoungage,anditmotivatesmetokeepstrugglinghardtorealizemymusicaldream(雖然年紀(jì)還小，但所有的努力都得到了認(rèn)可，這讓我很興奮，也激勵(lì)著我繼續(xù)努力，去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的音樂夢(mèng)想。)”可知，Kairo對(duì)自己的努力獲得了認(rèn)可而感到開心，這種認(rèn)可也激勵(lì)Kairo繼續(xù)努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)他的音樂夢(mèng)想。由此可知，聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，Kairo備受鼓舞。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Kairowouldtrytoplaythekeyboardbeforehewastallenoughtoreachit.(Kairo會(huì)在他夠得著鍵盤之前試著彈奏鍵盤。)”以及“Hewantedtolearnhowtoplaytheguitarbeforeitcouldevenfitonhislap,(他想在能夠抱住吉他之前就學(xué)會(huì)彈吉他，)”可知，Kairo在他的身高還沒有達(dá)到鍵盤一樣高的時(shí)候，就會(huì)試著去彈；在吉他還沒能放在他腿上的時(shí)候（還抱不住吉他的時(shí)候），他就在學(xué)習(xí)如何彈奏吉他。由此可推斷，他從小就對(duì)音樂感興趣。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Kairo’smusicisaboutbrightlightintheworld,thoughwemightbealwayscaughtinthedarknesssuchasbullies(仗勢(shì)欺人者)atschoolorcrimeinthesociety.(Kairo的音樂是關(guān)于世界的光明，盡管我們可能總是被困在黑暗中，比如學(xué)校里的欺凌或社會(huì)上的犯罪。)”可知，Kairo的音樂是關(guān)于世界上光明的一面。由此可知，他的音樂傳遞著積極樂觀的信息。故選A。CHavingfriendsisobviouslygoodforcountlessreasons.Andshowingtheworldthatyouhavelotsoffriends,forexampleonsocialmedia,seemslikeawinningstrategy.Ifthatisthetruth,yourgoalistoexpandyoursocialnetwork.Oncepeopleseehowpopularyouare,they'llwanttojointhatpopularcircle,perhapsinthehopethatsomeofyourpopularitywillruboffonthem.Nevertheless,canapersonevenhavetoomanyfriendsatthesametime?It’salwaysbeenamisconceptionthatifyouhavemorefriends,peoplewillbemorelikelytowanttobefriendsyou.Infact,anewstudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyshowsthathavingtoomanyfriendsmayworkagainstyou.Inaseriesofexperiments.theauthorsprovethatpeopleusuallyprefertobefriendthosewhohavefewerfriendsthantheydo,ratherthanthosewithmorefriends.Theauthorscallthisphenomenonthe“friend-numberparadox(悖論)”,whichisalsothetitleoftheirnewpaper.Socialtiesareobviouslyimportant.Havingmoreoftheseconnectionssuggestsgreatersocialvalue,andmorepotentialpossibilities.Soitseemsreasonabletoassumethatpeoplewillfocustheirsocialenergiesonbefriendingpeoplewhohavelotsoffriendsalready.Buttheproblemisthatthesesocialtiesareonlyvaluableifthere’sreciprocity(互惠)involved.Friendshipgoeshandinhandwithcertainresponsibilitiesandexpectations.Andpeoplewithlotsoffriendsmaynotbeabletofulfillthoseresponsibilities—especiallythosewithtoomanyfriends.Inotherwords,“friendshipquality”mattersasmuch,ifnotmore,thanonlythenumberoffriendsyouhave.Havinglotsoffriendsmeansyourprecioussocialresourcesbecomedilute(稀釋了的),makingyoulessabletobeagoodfriend.Andotherpeopletakethatintoaccountconsciously(有意識(shí)地)orunconsciouslywhendecidingwhethertobefriendyou.Theydon’twanttospendtheirvaluablesocialresourcesonsomeonewhoisunlikelytopayitback.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ruboffon”inparagraphlmean?A.Lookforwardto. B.Takecontrolof.C.Holdonto. D.Haveaneffecton.9.Whatdoesthe“friend-numberparadox”show?A.Thesecretstobecomingpopular.B.Thewaysofwinningmorefriends.C.Theadvantagesofhavingmanyfriends.D.Theproblemswithhavingmanyfriends.10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpeoplewithlotsoffriends?A.Theymayfailtoperformtheirduties.B.Theydon’tknowaboutreciprocity.C.Theyaremorelikelytobegoodfriends.D.Theyhavemoreprecioussocialresources.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDoPeopleChooseTheirFriends?B.MoreFriendsAreNotNecessarilyBetterC.WhyDoPeopleLikeHavingMoreFriends?D.PeopleWithMoreFriendsAreMorePopular【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述一項(xiàng)研究表明，擁有太多的朋友對(duì)你可能并沒有好處?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句中“Oncepeopleseehowpopularyouare,they'llwanttojointhatpopularcircle,perhapsinthehopethatsomeofyourpopularitywillruboffonthem.”(一旦人們看到你很受歡迎，他們就會(huì)想加入這個(gè)受歡迎的圈子，也許是寄希望于通過你的受歡迎程度去ruboffon他們。)可知，因?yàn)槟愕氖軞g迎，使得人們想加入到這個(gè)受歡迎的圈子，即你對(duì)他們有了影響，由此可知，劃線短語ruboffon，意為“影響”。短語：haveaneffecton“對(duì)……有影響”，與劃線短語同義，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Infact,anewstudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyshowsthathavingtoomanyfriendsmayworkagainstyou.Inaseriesofexperiments.theauthorsprovethatpeopleusuallyprefertobefriendthosewhohavefewerfriendsthantheydo,ratherthanthosewithmorefriends.Theauthorscallthisphenomenonthe“friend-numberparadox(悖論)”,whichisalsothetitleoftheirnewpaper.”（實(shí)際上，發(fā)表在《人格與社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，朋友太多可能對(duì)你不利。作者通過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，人們通常更愿意與那些比他們的朋友少的人交朋友，而不是有更多的朋友的人。這就是“朋友數(shù)量悖論”，這也是它們新的論文的標(biāo)題。）可知，“朋友數(shù)量悖論”表明朋友太多可能對(duì)你不利，即有太多朋友帶來的麻煩。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“Friendshipgoeshandinhandwithcertainresponsibilitiesandexpectations.Andpeoplewithlotsoffriendsmaynotbeabletofulfillthoseresponsibilities—especiallythosewithtoomanyfriends.”（友誼與某些責(zé)任和期望密切相關(guān)。有很多朋友的人可能無法履行這些責(zé)任，特別是那些朋友太多的人。）可知，有很多朋友的人可能會(huì)無法履行責(zé)任。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合文章第三段“Infact,anewstudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyshowsthathavingtoomanyfriendsmayworkagainstyou.Inaseriesofexperiments.theauthorsprovethatpeopleusuallyprefertobefriendthosewhohavefewerfriendsthantheydo,ratherthanthosewithmorefriends.Theauthorscallthisphenomenonthe“friend-numberparadox(悖論)”,whichisalsothetitleoftheirnewpaper.”（發(fā)表在《人格與社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，朋友太多可能對(duì)你不利。作者通過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，人們通常更愿意與那些比他們的朋友少的人交朋友，而不是有更多的朋友的人。這就是“朋友數(shù)量悖論”，這也是它們新的論文的標(biāo)題。）可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果：擁有太多的朋友對(duì)你可能并沒有好處。故選B。DSchoolsinUSarehugeconsumersofenergy.AccordingtoENERGYSTAR,K-12schoolsspendmorethan$6billioneveryyearonenergy,farmorethantheamountspentonotherresources,andatleast30percentofthisenergyisusedinefficientlyorneedlessly.Realizingthat,someschoolsareseekingmeasurestosaveenergyinseveralways,fromlow-costadjustments,suchasturningofflightsinunusedrooms,tolarge-scaleprojects,suchasturningtogreenequipment.Assolarenergyisbecomingamorefinancialchoiceforpoweringbuildings,moreschoolsaremakingthemovetowardtherenewableenergyandusingsolarpanels(太陽能電池板)ontheirrooftops.AccordingtoanonlinesolarmarketplaceEnergySage,schoolshavetheirstrongpointstousesolarenergy.Theyoftenhavethekindofenoughspace,suitablelocationsthatareperfectforsettingupsolarpanels.InSeptember2020,anonprofitGeneration180releaseditsthirdeditionofastudyonsolaruseinUSschools.Thefindingsshowedthatmorethan7,300,or55percent,ofK-12publicandprivateschoolsusedsolarenergy,thenumberhasincreasedby81percentsince2014.Theyalsodescribedhowsolarschoolsweresavingmillionsinenergybills,andprovidedseveralcasestoshowtheincreasedsavingsachievedbysolar-poweredschooldistricts.Forex-ample,anArkansasschooldistrictuseditseveryyear'senergysavingsofnearly$100,000toincreaseitsteachers'salaries.TheInterstateRenewableEnergyCouncil,whichtracksthenumberofK-12schoolswithsolarequipmentandhelpsschoolsgosolar,saysonitswebsitethatschoolswithsolarsetupshaveanopportunitytoeducatestudentsaboutcleanenergy,andshowthemthattheyarede-votedtodosomethingforstudents'andtheplanet'shealthandfuture.Third-partyownershipalsomakesfundingfor79percentofschoolstousesolarenergypossible,meaningamajorityofschoolsdon'thavetospendlargeamountsofmoneybutcangettherewardsofsolarenergy.12.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetextinthefirstparagraph?A.Byraisingaproblem.B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byofferinganevidence.13.WhatistheadvantageofusingsolarenergyfortheschoolsinUS?A.Freeaccesstousingsolarenergy.B.Enoughspacetofixsolarequipment.C.Financialsupportfromsolarmarketplace.D.Beingthelargestconsumersoftheenergy.14.Whateffectdoesusingsolarenergyhaveontheschools?A.IncreasingtheiroperatingexpenseB.Threateningtheirteachers'income.C.Raisingthestudents'environmentalawareness.D.Reducingtheirtotalamountofenergyconsuming.15.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheschools'usingsolarenergy?A.Achievable B.Doubtful. C.Challenging. D.Worrying.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。美國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)教育學(xué)校的能源消耗量越來越大，這導(dǎo)致學(xué)校的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本越來越高。學(xué)校正尋求使用太陽能來解決這個(gè)問題?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SchoolsinUSarehugeconsumersofenergy.AccordingtoENERGYSTAR,K-12schoolsspendmorethan$6billioneveryyearonenergy,farmorethantheamountspentonotherresources,andatleast30percentofthisenergyisusedinefficientlyorneedlessly.(美國(guó)的學(xué)校是能源消耗大戶。根據(jù)“能源之星”的數(shù)據(jù)，K-12學(xué)校每年在能源上的花費(fèi)超過60億美元，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過在其他資源上的花費(fèi)，其中至少30%的能源被低效或不必要地使用。)”可知，美國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)教育學(xué)校每年在能源上的花費(fèi)巨大，浪費(fèi)也很嚴(yán)重。文章接下來就談到了使用太陽能來解決這個(gè)問題。故文章是以提問題的方式引出文章主題的。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Theyoftenhavethekindofenoughspace,suitablelocationsthatareperfectforsettingupsolarpanels.(它們通常有足夠的空間，合適的位置，非常適合安裝太陽能電池板。)”可知，學(xué)校往往有足夠的空間和合適的位置來安裝太陽能電池板。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“schoolswithsolarsetupshaveanopportunitytoeducatestudentsaboutcleanenergy,andshowthemthattheyarede-votedtodosomethingforstudents'andtheplanet'shealthandfuture.(有太陽能設(shè)施的學(xué)校有機(jī)會(huì)教育學(xué)生有關(guān)清潔能源的知識(shí)，并向他們展示他們致力于為學(xué)生和地球的健康和未來做些事情。)”可知，配備了太陽能的學(xué)校可以利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來讓學(xué)生了解清潔能源的知識(shí)，這有利于提高學(xué)生的環(huán)保意識(shí)。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Assolarenergyisbecomingamorefinancialchoiceforpoweringbuildings,moreschoolsaremakingthemovetowardtherenewableenergyandusingsolarpanels(太陽能電池板)ontheirrooftops.(隨著太陽能越來越成為為建筑物供電的經(jīng)濟(jì)選擇，越來越多的學(xué)校開始轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源，在屋頂上使用太陽能電池板。)”和最后一段“Third-partyownershipalsomakesfundingfor79percentofschoolstousesolarenergypossible,meaningamajorityofschoolsdon'thavetospendlargeamountsofmoneybutcangettherewardsofsolarenergy.(第三方所有權(quán)也為79%的學(xué)校提供了使用太陽能的資金，這意味著大多數(shù)學(xué)校不必花費(fèi)大量資金，但可以獲得太陽能的回報(bào)。)”可知，美國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)教育學(xué)校有利用太陽能的空間和位置方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，也有資金扶持。因此，這些學(xué)校使用太陽能的做法是行得通的。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverbeeninasituationwhenyouareunwillingtocarryoutthetasksthatneedtobedone?____16____Thoughitoftenhappenstousforvariousreasons,therearestillsomewaystoovercomeit.Jumpoutofbedatthebeginningoftheday.Researchtellsusthatturningoffthealarmclockandgoingbacktosleeparebadforus.Youmightthinklyingthereandenjoyingthewarmthofthecoverswouldmakeyoumoreenergizedlater,buttheoppositehappens.____17____Instead,jumpoutofbedandstartyourmorningroutine._____18_____Bysettingyourselfsomeworthyyetpracticalgoals,youwillhavesomethingtolookforwardto.Pickgoalswhichreallyinspireyouandthatmakethemostofyourtalentsandskills.Thiswillprovideaninspiredstarttoyourday,andpushyoutoovercomeyourlazinessandacttorealizeyourdreams.Tellyourselfyoucandosomething.Actionchangeseverything.Onemomentyou'repassive(被動(dòng)的)andfrozen,butthenextyou'rechangingthings,simplybecauseyouact.Youarenotdecidedbywhatwentonbefore.Ifyoudofeelstuck,trytellingyourselfyouractionstatements:IamupatonceandIamproductive!Anddefinitelyno“ifonly”statements.____19____Celebratesuccessandmilestones____20____Thiswillhelpkeepyoufrombeinglazybecauseyouareseeingthefruitsofyourlabor.Youmayfeellessmotivatedtodosomethingifitfeelsinsignificant.A.Thisisoftenconsideredlaziness.B.Setsomegoalsthatarelikelytobeachieved.C.Weareactuallymoretiredthroughouttheday.D.Suchaboardcanbeusedtofullymapoutyourdreams.E.Makealistofreasonswhyyouwanttoaccomplishtasks.F.Youcanrewardyourselfwithsmallgiftsforthejobwelldone.G.Thoseareforpeoplewhotrulydon'twanttobesatisfiedinlife【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了四種克服懶惰的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Haveyoueverbeeninasituationwhenyouareunwillingtocarryoutthetasksthatneedtobedone?(你有沒有遇到過這樣的情況：你不愿意完成需要完成的任務(wù)？)”可知，此處提出問題，后文應(yīng)該對(duì)該問題進(jìn)行回答。A選項(xiàng)“Thisisoftenconsideredlaziness.(這通常被認(rèn)為是懶惰。)”則是對(duì)前文的回答，符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文的“Youmightthinklyingthereandenjoyingthewarmthofthecoverswouldmakeyoumoreenergizedlater,buttheoppositehappens.(你可能認(rèn)為躺在床上享受被窩的溫暖會(huì)讓你之后更有活力，但事實(shí)恰恰相反。)”可知，后文應(yīng)該提及恰恰相反的內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)“Weareactuallymoretiredthroughouttheday.(事實(shí)上，我們整天都更累。)”指出躺在床上享受被窩的溫暖不會(huì)讓你之后更有活力，而是更疲憊，符合語境，與下文“Instead,jumpoutofbedandstartyourmorningroutine.(相反，從床上跳起來，開始你早上的日常事務(wù)。)”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C?！?8題詳解】本空是本段的中心句子。根據(jù)后文的“Bysettingyourselfsomeworthyyetpracticalgoals,youwillhavesomethingtolookforwardto.(通過給自己設(shè)定一些有價(jià)值且實(shí)際的目標(biāo)，你就會(huì)有所期待。)”可知，本段圍繞的是設(shè)置目標(biāo)而展開。B選項(xiàng)“Setsomegoalsthatarelikelytobeachieved.(設(shè)定一些有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。)”概括本段，指出設(shè)定一些可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，引起下文。故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyoudofeelstuck,trytellingyourselfyouractionstatements:IamupatonceandIamproductive!Anddefinitelyno“ifonly”statements.(如果你的確感覺被困住了，試著告訴自己你的行動(dòng)宣言：我馬上起床，我很有效率！而且絕對(duì)沒有“如果……”的說法。)”可知，此處講述給自己做心理暗示很重要。G選項(xiàng)“Thoseareforpeoplewhotrulydon'twanttobesatisfiedinlife(這些是為那些真正不想在生活中感到滿足的人準(zhǔn)備的)”指出，那些說“如果……”的人們是那些真正不想在生活中滿足的人準(zhǔn)備的。前后呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Celebratesuccessandmilestones.(慶祝成功和里程碑。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是慶祝擺脫懶惰帶來的影響。F選項(xiàng)“Youcanrewardyourselfwithsmallgiftsforthejobwelldone.(你可以用一些小禮物來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己的出色工作。)”呼應(yīng)主題“慶祝成功和里程碑”。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThisisataxiridethatI’llneverforget.Idrovemytaxifora____21____andonenightat2:30a.m,Igotacallfortaxi.Idrovethereandfoundthebuildingwas____22____exceptforasinglelight.Iwalkedtothedoorand____23____.“Justaminute,”answereda(n)____24____elderlyvoice.Asmallwomaninher80scameoutandwegotinthetaxi.Shegavemean____25____andthenasked,“Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?”“It’snottheshortestway,”Iansweredquickly.“Oh,Idon’t____26____,”shesaid.“I’minnohurry.I’monmywaytoahospice(收容所).”Throughtherear-viewmirror,Icouldseeherweteyes.“Idon’thaveany____27____lefttocareforme,”she____28____.“ThedoctorsaysIdon’thavemuchtime.”Iquietlyreachedoverandshutoffthemeter.“Which____29____wouldyoulikemetotake?”Iasked.Forthenexttwohours,wedrovethroughthecitywheresheandher_____30_____hadlivedwhentheywerenewly-married.Shehadme_____31_____infrontofafurniturewarehouse(倉庫)thathadoncebeena_____32_____whereshehadgonedancingasagirl.Morningcoming,shesuddenlysaid,“I’mtired.Let’sgonow.”Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme.“HowmuchdoI_____33_____you?”sheasked,reachingintoherpurse.“Nothing,”Isaid.“Yougaveanoldwomanalittlemomentof_____34_____.Thankyou,”shesaid.Ididn’t_____35_____anymorepassengersthatshift,lostinthought:Greatmomentsoftencatchusunaware,beautifullywrappedinwhatothersmayconsiderasmallone.21.A.living B.sightseeing C.break D.discussion22.A.dark B.classic C.tall D.safe23.A.opened B.waited C.stopped D.knocked24.A.loud B.weak C.energetic D.serious25.A.excuse B.address C.honor D.offer26.A.understand B.apply C.attack D.care27.A.money B.family C.time D.problem28.A.warned B.laughed C.continued D.repeated29.A.attitude B.walk C.action D.way30.A.husband B.friend C.daughter D.son31.A.stand B.stop C.protest D.wave32.A.classroom B.ballroom C.basement D.kitchen33.A.charge B.cost C.spend D.pay34.A.pleasure B.peace C.memory D.disappointment35.A.giveup B.giveout C.pickup D.pickout【答案】21.A22.A23.D24.B25.B26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作為出租車司機(jī)的作者深夜搭載一位老婦人的難忘的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我以開出租車為生，一天晚上凌晨?jī)牲c(diǎn)半，我接到了打出租車的電話。A.living生計(jì)；B.sightseeing觀光；C.break裂縫；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)上文“Idrovemytaxi”以及常識(shí)可知，開出租車是為了謀生。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開車到那里，發(fā)現(xiàn)除了一盞燈外，大樓里一片漆黑。A.dark黑暗的；B.classic典型的；C.tall高的；D.safe安全的。根據(jù)“exceptforasinglelight”可知，大樓里一片漆黑。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走到門口敲門。A.opened打開；B.waited等待；C.stopped停止；D.knocked敲。根據(jù)下文“answered”可知，我走到門口敲門。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“等一下，”一個(gè)虛弱的老人聲音回答到。A.loud大聲的；B.weak虛弱的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.serious嚴(yán)肅的。根據(jù)下文“Asmallwomaninher80s”可知，一個(gè)虛弱的老人聲音回答到。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她給了我一個(gè)地址，然后問：“你能開車穿過市區(qū)嗎？”。A.excuse借口；B.address地址；C.honor榮耀；D.offer提議。根據(jù)下文“Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?”可知，她給了我一個(gè)地址。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“哦，我不在乎，”她說。A.understand理解；B.apply申請(qǐng)；C.attack襲擊；D.care關(guān)心，在乎。根據(jù)下文“I’minnohurry.”可知，老人說她不在乎。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有家人照顧我了。A.money錢；B.family家庭，家人；C.time時(shí)間；D.problem問題。根據(jù)上文“I’monmywaytoahospice”可知，她沒有家人照顧她了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我沒有家人照顧我了，”她繼續(xù)說道。A.warned警告；B.laughed嘲笑；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.repeated重復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“shesaid”可知，她繼續(xù)說道。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你想讓我走哪條路？”我問。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.walk步行；C.action行動(dòng)；D.way方式，路。根據(jù)下文“Forthenexttwohours,wedrovethroughthecitywheresheandher____10____hadlivedwhentheywerenewly-married.Shehadme____11____infrontofafurniturewarehouse(倉庫)thathadoncebeena____12____whereshehadgonedancingasagirl.”可知，作者問老人走哪條路。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來的兩個(gè)小時(shí)里，我們開車經(jīng)過了她和丈夫新婚時(shí)居住的城市。A.husband丈夫；B.friend朋友；C.daughter女兒；D.son兒子。根據(jù)下文“whentheywerenewly-married.”可知，我們開車經(jīng)過了她和丈夫新婚時(shí)居住的城市。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她讓我在一家家具倉庫前停下來，那里曾經(jīng)是她小時(shí)候跳舞的舞廳。A.stand站立；B.stop停止；C.protest抗議；D.wave揮手。根據(jù)下文“infrontofafurniturewarehouse”可知，她讓我在一家家具倉庫前停下來。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她讓我在一家家具倉庫前停下來，那里曾經(jīng)是她小時(shí)候跳舞的舞廳。A.classroom教室；B.ballroom舞廳；C.basement地下室；D.kitchen廚房。根據(jù)下文“shehadgonedancingasagirl.”可知，那里曾經(jīng)是她小時(shí)候跳舞的舞廳。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我付給你多少錢？”她問，把手伸進(jìn)錢包。A.charge收費(fèi)；B.cost花費(fèi)；C.spend花費(fèi)；D.pay支付。根據(jù)“reachingintoherpurse”可知，老人問要支付多少錢。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她說：“你給了一位老婦人片刻的快樂”。A.pleasure快樂；B.peace和平；C.memory記憶；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)上文作者為老人所做的可知，老人認(rèn)為作者給與了她快樂。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，我沒有再搭載任何乘客，陷入了沉思：偉大的時(shí)刻往往會(huì)在我們不知不覺中出現(xiàn)，美麗地包裹在別人可能認(rèn)為是小事的東西里。A.giveup放棄；B.giveout分發(fā)；C.pickup學(xué)會(huì)，搭載；D.pickout挑選出。根據(jù)下文“anymorepassengers”可知，我沒有再搭載任何乘客。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eightyearsago,severalChinesebusine