2/2嘉興市2021~2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末檢測高二英語試題卷考生須知：1.全卷分試題卷和答題紙兩部分，試題卷12頁，答題紙2頁，合計(jì)14頁，有四部分考查內(nèi)容，滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.本卷答案必須做在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置上，做在試題卷上無效。3.請用黑墨水簽字筆將考生個(gè)人相關(guān)信息填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置上。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemando?A.Carrythebox.B.Visittheschool.C.Attendameeting.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.3.Howlongwillthemanstayifhiswifecomes?A.4nights.B.6nights.C.8nights.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Inahotel.C.Inabusstation.5Howmucharethechickensandwiches?A.$18.B.$12.C.$6.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemandislikethatdog?A.Ithaslonghair.B.Itlooksfrightening.C.Itistooexpensive.7.Whatwillthespeakersbuyintheend?A.Asnake.B.Afish.C.Acat.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.OnFridayafternoon.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSaturdayevening.9.WhatisCathygoingtodothisSaturdayevening?A.Attendaparty.B.Practisethepiano.C.Gotothecinema.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Workmates.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatisVermeer?A.Anarchitect.B.Apainter.C.Aguide.12.WheredidAlanvisitanoldhouse?A.InMilan.B.InMunich.C.InAmsterdam.13.HowdidAlangotoItaly?A.Bycar.B.Byair.C.Bytrain.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthemanthinkabouttheresultoftheelectionatfirst?A.Itisverycertain.B.Itwillbeclose.C.Itcan'tbepredicted.15.Whoistheheadoftheschoolnewspaper?A.Andrew.B.Alison.C.Lee.16.Whatisthewomantryingtoconvincethemantodo?A.Runfortheelection.B.Makemorefriends.C.Changehischoice.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisSculptureGarden?A.Nexttotheentrance.B.Totheleftofabridge.C.OppositeTrafalgarRoad.18.WhatcanpeopledointheCateringVillage?A.Learnhandwork.B.Appreciatepaintings.C.Admirewoodenartworks.19.Whatisatraditionofthefestival?A.Actorsperformmodernplays.B.Authorsreadfromtheirlatestworks.C.Livebandsplaythroughoutthefestival.20.Whatisthespeakermainlydoing?A.Introducingafestival.B.Reportinganactivity.C.Recommendinganexhibition.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AInMarch,2022,anexhibitionofphotographicworkhighlightingyoungpeople’sconcernsaboutclimatechangewasheldundertheguidanceoftheCanonYoungPeopleProgramme(YPP).TheimageswerecreatedbypupilsofQueenElizabeth’sGrammarSchoolinAshbourne,Derbyshire,undertheguidanceoftheformerpupil,CanonAmbassadorandprofessionalphotographer,CliveBooth.TheexhibitiondisplayedsevenpiecesofartworkcreatedbyYear12pupilsattheschoolandistheresultofaseriesofCanonYPPphotographyanddigitalstorytellingworkshops.Theseworkshopsaimtoprovideyoungpeoplewiththeknowledge,skillsandconfidencetohandlethesustainabilityissuesthatmattertothem.Pupilsweretaskedwithusingvisualstorytelling,language,anddesigntocreateaposterandvideothatwouldbringtolifetheirconcernsforthefutureoftheplanetandtheirlocalenvironment.Asthepupilscreatedtheirmasterpieces,theywerementoredbyBooth,whorecentlyappearedasguesteditorofDigitalPhotographer,andotherCanonexperts.ThechildrenwereprovidedwithinspirationandeducationthroughtrainingonhowtouseAdobeSpark,howtoshootphotographsandvideos,andhowtouselightingandprops(道具)tobringtheirstoriestolife.“Thisactivityhascreatedsomeincredibleresults,andI’mproudthattheschoolhashadtheopportunitytoshowtheseimagestothewiderpublic,”saidBooth.“It’sclearthatthepupilswereabletousethesecreativeworkshopsasaplatformtoopenlyexpresstheiranxietiesaboutclimatechangeandtheirconcernsoverthefutureoftheplanet.”Canon’sYoungPeopleProgrammehelpsyoungpeoplefromacrossEurope,theMiddleEastandAfricawithcreativeeducationbydeliveringworkshops,inspirationandinstruction.Sinceitsstart,ithasworkedwithover5,000youngpeopleandover50charitypartners.1Whatcanwelearnabouttheexhibition?A.Mostvisitorstoitwerepupilsaged12.B.Itsprimaryfocuswasonclimateproblems.C.Morethansevenimagesweredisplayedinit.D.Itshowedtheprogressindigitalphotography.2.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“mentored”inparagraph3?A.Understood. B.Dominated.C.Taught. D.Evaluated.3.WhydidBoothfeelproudoftheactivity?A.Itenabledtheyoungtofullyconveytheirideas.B.Itofferedanopportunitytoexhibithisartwork.C.Itdrewalotofpublicattentiontophotography.D.ItpromotedtheCanonYPP’screativeeducation.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于氣候變化的攝影作品展及其影響。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“InMarch,2022,anexhibitionofphotographicworkhighlightingyoungpeople’sconcernsaboutclimatechangewasheldundertheguidanceoftheCanonYoungPeopleProgramme(YPP).(2022年3月，在‘佳能青年計(jì)劃’（YPP）的指導(dǎo)下，舉辦了青少年關(guān)注氣候變化的攝影作品展)”可知，攝影展的主要焦點(diǎn)是氣候問題。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下一句“ThechildrenwereprovidedwithinspirationandeducationthroughtrainingonhowtouseAdobeSpark,howtoshootphotographsandvideos,andhowtouselightingandprops(道具)tobringtheirstoriestolife.(通過培訓(xùn)，孩子們獲得了如何使用AdobeSpark、如何拍攝照片和視頻，以及如何使用燈光和道具來讓他們的故事變得生動的靈感和教育)”可推知，劃線詞所在句意為：當(dāng)學(xué)生們創(chuàng)作他們的杰作時(shí)，Booth和其他佳能專家都在指導(dǎo)他們，Booth最近以《數(shù)碼攝影師》雜志的客座編輯的身份出現(xiàn)。mentored意為“指導(dǎo)，教授”，與taught同義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“‘Thisactivityhascreatedsomeincredibleresults,andI’mproudthattheschoolhashadtheopportunitytoshowtheseimagestothewiderpublic,’saidBooth.‘It’sclearthatthepupilswereabletousethesecreativeworkshopsasaplatformtoopenlyexpresstheiranxietiesaboutclimatechangeandtheirconcernsoverthefutureoftheplanet.’(Booth說：‘這項(xiàng)活動產(chǎn)生了一些令人難以置信的結(jié)果，我為學(xué)校有機(jī)會向更廣泛的公眾展示這些照片感到自豪?！苊黠@，學(xué)生們能夠利用這些創(chuàng)造性的研討會作為一個(gè)平臺，公開表達(dá)他們對氣候變化的焦慮和對地球未來的擔(dān)憂?！?”可知，Booth為這次活動感到自豪，是因?yàn)樗鼓贻p人能夠充分表達(dá)他們的思想。故選A項(xiàng)。BEachyearmorethan6milliondogsandcatsendupinanimalshelters,accordingtotheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals.NationalAdoptaShelterPetDaywasdesignedtoraiseawarenessaboutorganizations’workwithhomelessanimals.Theirmainmissionistofindhomesforpetsandreunitelostoneswiththeirhumanfamilies,buttheyneedalotofvolunteerhelp.“Noteveryonehastohaveananimalinordertocareaboutanimals,”saidDebraDueloftheHumaneRescueAllianceinWashington.Onewaytohelpistobecomeashort-termfoster(收養(yǎng))family.Fosteringfreesupspaceinbusyshelters.Adoptablepetsgetmorepersonalattentiononcefosteredinalovinghomethanincrowdedshelterenvironments.“Fosteringisgreatforpeoplewhocan’thaveapermanentpet,”Duelsaid.Fosteringalsohelpspeoplelearnmoreaboutpetcarebeforeofferingaforeverhome.Victorianow12,hastakencareof49animalssince2018.“Everyanimalisanindividual,”Victoriasaid.“Eachrequiresdifferentwork.Puppiesorkittensrequiremoretimeandtrainingthanolderdogsandcats,”shesaid.“Evensmallanimalslikeguineapigsaremoreworkthanpeoplethink.”Ifyoureallycan’tfoster,considerdonatingtime,moneyandsuppliestoashelter.KindergartnersatBrowneAcademyinFairfaxCountydidjustthat.They,inapartnershipwiththeAnimalWelfareLeagueofAlexandria,raisedseveralhundreddollarsbydrawingpicturesoffamilypetsthatsoldforS1each.Theyalsomadecattoysandpillows.Theireffortshelpedimprovetheanimals’stayattheshelter,andtheyhelpedreduceadoptionfeesforpeoplewhocan’taffordthem.Hopefullyallthoseeffortswillleadtofeweranimalswaitingfortheirforeverhomes.4.Ashort-termfosterfamilycanhelpto_________.A.encouragemorepeopletolovepetsB.bringbenefitstopeoplewithoutapetC.reduceovercrowdinginanimalsheltersD.advocateshelteringandcaringforanimals5.WhatdoVictoria’swordsimply?A.Olderpetsaremoresuitableforadoption.B.Animalsshouldhavebeenequallytrained.C.Smallanimalsneedlesscareandattention.D.Peopleshouldthinktwicebeforefosteringpets.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?AChildren’sroleincharityevents. B.Agreatneedforanimaladoption.C.Problemsanimalsheltersarefacedwith. D.Anotherwaytohelpanimalsinshelters.【答案】4.C5.D6.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是寵物收養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)狀。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Onewaytohelpistobecomeashort-termfosterfamily.Fosteringfreesupspaceinbusyshelters.Adoptablepetsgetmorepersonalattentiononcefosteredinalovinghomethanincrowdedshelterenvironments.(一種幫助的方法是成為一個(gè)短期寄養(yǎng)家庭。寄養(yǎng)可以給擁擠的庇護(hù)所釋放空間。一旦寵物被寄養(yǎng)在一個(gè)充滿愛的家庭里，會比在擁擠的庇護(hù)所里得到更多的個(gè)人關(guān)注。)”可知，一個(gè)短期寄養(yǎng)家庭可以幫助減少動物收容所的過度擁擠，故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的““Everyanimalisanindividual,”Victoriasaid.“Eachrequiresdifferentwork.Puppiesorkittensrequiremoretimeandtrainingthanolderdogsandcats,”shesaid.“Evensmallanimalslikeguineapigsaremoreworkthanpeoplethink.”(“每個(gè)動物都是獨(dú)立的個(gè)體，”維多利亞說。“每個(gè)人需要做不同的工作。小狗或小貓比年長的狗和貓需要更多的時(shí)間和訓(xùn)練，”她說。“即使是像豚鼠這樣的小動物也比人們想象的需要更多照顧。”)”可知，維多利亞的話暗示了人們在養(yǎng)寵物之前應(yīng)該三思。故選D。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的“Ifyoureallycan’tfoster,considerdonatingtime,moneyandsuppliestoashelter.(如果你真的無法收養(yǎng)，可以考慮捐贈時(shí)間、金錢和物資給收容所。)”可知，第4段主要講的是另一種幫助收容所動物的方法。故選D。CReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases,aswellaswaterandlanduse,byover80percent,anewstudysuggests.Foodproductionhashugeenvironmentalimpacts,creatingmorethanathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Toassesswaystoreducethisimpact,RachelMazacattheUniversityofHelsinkiinFinlandandhercolleagueshavestudiedthepotentialeffectsofswitchingto“novelandfuturefoods”.“Whatwearelookingatarefoodsthatarenovelintheirproductiontechnology,likeculturedmeatorculturedmilk,”saysMazac.Herteamusedtheanalysestocalculatethepotentialbenefitsofswitchingtothesefoodsassumingpeoplearewillingtodoso,comparedwithfoodsthataretypicallyconsumedinEurope.Theresultssuggestthatan“optimiseddiet”ofnovelfoodscouldcutgreenhouseemissionsby83percent,wateruseby84percentandlanduseby87percent.“Weareseeingsomeprettysignificantreductionsinimpacts,”saysMazac.Theteamalsofoundthatswitchingtoavegan(素食的)diethadthesimilareffect.Butswitchingtolab-grownmeat,ratherthanavegandiet,couldallowmanypeopletoeatfoodsthataremoreliketheircurrentdiet.“Itwouldbeawayforsomeonetoconsumetheirfast-foodburger,butsaveonlanduseandwateruseandglobalwarmingpotential,”saysMazac.Speakingoftheresults,TimLangatCity,UniversityofLondon,says:“It’salmosttoogoodtobetrue.”Ifthefindingsarecorrect,theresearchhasimportantpolicyimplications(啟示),hesays.ButLangthinkstheenvironmentalbenefitswon’tcomeaboutthroughconsumersmakingvoluntarychangestotheirdiet.Theywillonlyplayoutifgovernmentsandcompaniesessentiallyforcethesefoodsonpeople,hesays.7.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinparagraph1?A.Bycomparingfacts. B.Byvoicingopinions.C.Byreleasingfigures. D.Byreportingfindings.8.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheresearchledbyMazac?A.Peopletendtowelcomenovelfoodsenthusiastically.B.Anewwayisusedtoassessthebenefitsofnovelfoods.C.Novelfoodsarenotlikelytoaffectpeople’seatinghabits.D.Waterandlanduseisontheriseinnovelfoodproduction.9.WhatisLang’sattitudetowardsthefutureofnovelfoods?A.Doubtful. B.Critical. C.Optimistic. D.Responsible.10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LessMeat,FewerProblems B.NovelFoods,GreenerPlanetC.Lab-grownMeat:BestChoiceFood D.FutureFoods:HealthyDiet【答案】7.D8.C9.A10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“ReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases,aswellaswaterandlanduse,byover80percent,anewstudysuggests.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用。)”可知，作者是通過報(bào)告研究發(fā)現(xiàn)來介紹第一段的主題的，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Butswitchingtolab-grownmeat,ratherthanavegandiet,couldallowmanypeopletoeatfoodsthataremoreliketheircurrentdiet.(但改用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的肉類，而不是純素飲食，可以讓許多人吃到更像他們目前飲食的食物。)”可知，從馬扎克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究中可以推斷出新奇的食物不大可能影響人們的飲食習(xí)慣。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“ButLangthinkstheenvironmentalbenefitswon'tcomeaboutthroughconsumersmakingvoluntarychangestotheirdiet.Theywillonlyplayoutifgovernmentsandcompaniesessentiallyforcethesefoodsonpeople,hesays.(但朗認(rèn)為，環(huán)保效益不會通過消費(fèi)者自愿改變飲食來實(shí)現(xiàn)。他說，只有當(dāng)政府和公司基本上強(qiáng)迫人們食用這些食物時(shí)，它們才會發(fā)揮作用。)”可知，對于未來的新奇食物，Lang的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“ReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases,aswellaswaterandlanduse,byover80percent,anewstudysuggests.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用。)”可知，本文主要講的是用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用，也就是可以更環(huán)保，因此最好的題目是B選項(xiàng)“NovelFoods,GreenerPlanet(新型食品，綠色地球)”，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5個(gè)小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Picturethis:youareflicking(不停轉(zhuǎn)換)channelsandyoucomeacrossanadvertisementforapopularcigarettebrandwithdoctorspraisingitshealthbenefits.Unbelievable?Thinkagain.___11___Shockingasitmaynowbe,itwascommontoseedoctorsgivetheirapprovaltocigarettemakers.___12___Infact,duringthefirstrunofthecartoonshowTheFlintstonesin1960,itsofficialsponsorwasWinstoncigarettes,andinoneadvertisement,thecharactersFredFlinstoneandBarneyRubblewereseensmokingapacktogether,withthelatterremarkingafterapuff:“Ittastesgood,likeacigaretteshould.”However,therewasresistanceinthemediatothefabrications(虛假信息)ofwealthytobaccocompanies.ItwastheAmericanissueofReader’sDigestwhichregularlysoundedthealarm.___13___“DoesTobaccoInjuretheHumanBody?”focusedonagroundbreakingstudythatconcludedsmokingwasoneoftheverysignificantreasonsfewermenthanwomenattainoldage.Anotherstorycalled“CancerbytheCarton”contributedtoabigdropincigarettesmoking.Smokinghaslostitscoolfactorinrecentdecades.___14___In1922over65,000tonsoftobaccoweresoldintheUK,reachingapeakof125,960tonssoldin1961.Duetogrowingpublicawarenessofsmoking’sharmfulhealtheffects,by2014thatfigurehaddroppedto43,793tons.Inthepastdecade,therateofsmokershasdroppedconsiderably.Andit’syoungpeopleinparticularwhoareturningawayfromthecigarettes:25.7percentof18-24yearoldssmokedregularlyin2011whilein201816.8percentdid.Hearthat?___15___A.Thefirststoryaboutitwaspublishedin1924.B.Asisestimated,itdroppedbyalmost33percent.C.It’sthecollectivesoundoflungsbreathingagain.D.Attitudestosmokinghavechangedinthelast100years.E.Acenturyago,theattitudetowardssmokingwasquitedifferent.F.Moresurprisingly,doctorsweren’ttheonlyonestopromotesmoking.G.Thenumberofsmokersacrossthecountrycontinuestosteadilydecline.【答案】11.E12.F13.A14.G15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是吸煙這一現(xiàn)象的變化?！?1題詳解】空格后說“Shockingasitmaynowbe,itwascommontoseedoctorsgivetheirapprovaltocigarettemakers.(盡管現(xiàn)在可能令人震驚，但醫(yī)生批準(zhǔn)煙草制造商的做法很常見。)”可知，空格處應(yīng)說到一件和現(xiàn)在不一樣的事情，E選項(xiàng)“Acenturyago,theattitudetowardssmokingwasquitedifferent.(一個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，人們對吸煙的態(tài)度與現(xiàn)在大不相同。)”說了以前和現(xiàn)在不一樣的情況，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選E?！?2題詳解】空格后說“Infact,duringthefirstrunofthecartoonshowTheFlintstonesin1960,itsofficialsponsorwasWinstoncigarettes,andinoneadvertisement,thecharactersFredFlinstoneandBarneyRubblewereseensmokingapacktogether,withthelatterremarkingafterapuff:“Ittastesgood,likeacigaretteshould.”(事實(shí)上，在1960年動畫片《摩登原始人》(theFlintstones)第一次播出時(shí)，它的官方贊助商是溫斯頓香煙。在一個(gè)廣告中，F(xiàn)redFlinstone和BarneyRubble一起抽了一包煙，Barney吸了一口后說：“味道很好，就像香煙一樣?！?”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)贊成吸煙的人不止醫(yī)生，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Moresurprisingly,doctorsweren’ttheonlyonestopromotesmoking.(更令人驚訝的是，醫(yī)生并不是唯一提倡吸煙的人。)”說明了醫(yī)生不是唯一提倡吸煙的人，和下文提到廣告里吸煙的人相呼應(yīng)，因此符合語境，故選F。【13題詳解】空格前說“ItwastheAmericanissueofReader’sDigestwhichregularlysoundedthealarm.(經(jīng)常敲響警鐘的是《讀者文摘》美國版。)”，說明后面要提到媒體的報(bào)道，由空格后的“Anotherstorycalled“CancerbytheCarton”contributedtoabigdropincigarettesmoking.(另一個(gè)被稱為“紙盒癌癥”的報(bào)道促使吸煙人數(shù)大幅下降。)”可知，空格處應(yīng)提到第一個(gè)報(bào)道的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)“Thefirststoryaboutitwaspublishedin1924.(關(guān)于它的第一篇報(bào)道發(fā)表于1924年。)”提到了第一個(gè)報(bào)道，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選A。【14題詳解】空前說“Smokinghaslostitscoolfactorinrecentdecades.(近幾十年來，吸煙已經(jīng)不那么酷了。)”，空格處應(yīng)說到這一點(diǎn)所引起的結(jié)果，G選項(xiàng)“Thenumberofsmokersacrossthecountrycontinuestosteadilydecline.(全國吸煙人數(shù)持續(xù)穩(wěn)步下降。)”說明了吸煙已經(jīng)不那么酷了的結(jié)果，和后文的“Duetogrowingpublicawarenessofsmoking’sharmfulhealtheffects,by2014thatfigurehaddroppedto43,793tons.(由于公眾對吸煙有害健康的意識日益增強(qiáng)，到2014年，這一數(shù)字下降到43793噸。)”相呼應(yīng)，因此符合語境，故選G?！?5題詳解】空前說“Hearthat?(聽到了嗎？)”，因此空格處應(yīng)該是一種聲音，由前面的“Inthepastdecade,therateofsmokershasdroppedconsiderably.Andit’syoungpeopleinparticularwhoareturningawayfromthecigarettes:25.7percentof18-24yearoldssmokedregularlyin2011whilein201816.8percentdid.(在過去的十年中，吸煙者的比率大大下降。特別是年輕人正在遠(yuǎn)離香煙：2011年，18-24歲的年輕人中有25.7%經(jīng)常吸煙，而2018年為16.8%。)”可知，吸煙的人少了，肺開始暢快呼吸了，C選項(xiàng)“It’sthecollectivesoundoflungsbreathingagain.(這是肺部呼吸的聲音。)”說明的是一個(gè)聲音，且和抽煙的人減少有關(guān)，因此符合語境，故選C。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thinkingaboutthesaying“Dressforsuccess”,Ipickedoutthenicestsuitforthereception(歡迎會)intheuniversityballroom.Itwas___16___,myfirststeponthejourneytowardanexcitingfuture.Ididn’t___17___anyone,butitseemedsomeonewasconstantly___18___inmydirection.Ithoughttherewas___19___somethingto“Dressingforsuccess”.Later,whenIleftandsatinmycar,somehow,Idecidedto___20___myhair.Iactuallysmiledintothe___21___.AndthenIfroze.Apinkhairrollerwasjust___22___onmyhead.Itwas___23___exposed.Isatthere,holdingthat___24___roller,tearsrollingdown.Twoyearslater,Iwasinaclassroomfacing____25____kidswhowereusedtofailure.Iwastryingto____26____them,butitseemedasifnothing____27____.Finally,inaweakmoment,Ifoundmyselftellingthemthehairroller____28____.Itoldthemeverything,my____29____,myshame,thealonenessIfelt.Somestudentslaughed.Theycouldn’tbelieveI’d____30____suchanembarrassingevent.OnestudentsuggestedIcheckmyhair____31____Iwentanywhere.ThenextdaywhenIwalkedintotheclassroom,itwasveryquiet____32____alittlegiggle(咯咯笑)hereandthere.Itdidn’ttakemelongto____33____.Everykidhadapinkhairrolleronthehead.“Hey,Miss,”cameavoiceattheback.“Youarenot____34____!”Whowouldhaveknownalittlepinkhairrollercouldplaysucha(n)____35____part!Justasoneofmyprofessorssaid,“Beforeyouteachme,youmustreachme.”16.A.hopeful B.risky C.important D.strange17.A.urge B.invite C.know D.contact18.A.looking B.moving C.waving D.shouting19.A.merely B.really C.usually D.hardly20.A.brush B.tidy C.dry D.check21.A.mirror B.screen C.glass D.light22.A.swinging B.sitting C.emerging D.waiting23.A.gradually B.frequently C.generally D.totally24.A.humble B.innocent C.stupid D.elegant25.A.struggling B.abandoned C.embarrassing D.annoyed26.A.forgive B.watch C.ignore D.reach27.A.workedout B.endedup C.madesense D.wentwrong28.A.message B.story C.fact D.joke29.A.tears B.escape C.worries D.silence30.A.celebrate B.mark C.share D.witness31.A.unless B.though C.since D.before32.A.regardlessof B.insteadof C.butfor D.exceptfor33.A.admit B.notice C.reflect D.decide34.A.crazy B.awkward C.basic D.unique35.A.easy B.big C.alone D.equal【答案】16.C17.C18.A19.B20.D21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.A28.B29.A30.C31.D32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者通過講述自己戴著卷發(fā)器參加一個(gè)歡迎會的尷尬經(jīng)歷來取得了學(xué)生信任的故事。【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這很重要，是我邁向激動人心的未來之旅的第一步。A.hopeful有希望的；B.risky冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；C.important重要的；D.strange奇怪的。由下文的“myfirststeponthejourneytowardanexcitingfuture”可知，這是作者邁向激動人心的未來之旅的第一步，因此這是重要的，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不認(rèn)識任何人，但似乎有人一直在看我的方向。A.urge催促；B.invite邀請；C.know認(rèn)識；D.contact聯(lián)系。由上文的“thereception(歡迎會)intheuniversityballroom”可知，那是一個(gè)歡迎會，作者不認(rèn)識任何人，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不認(rèn)識任何人，但似乎有人一直在看我的方向。A.looking看；B.moving移動；C.waving揮手；D.shouting大喊。由后文的“inmydirection”可知，有人一直在看作者的方向，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得“穿著成功”真的很有道理。A.merely僅僅；B.really真正地；C.usually通常；D.hardly幾乎不。由上文的“someonewasconstantly___3___inmydirection”和后文的“Dressingforsuccess”可知，作者覺得有人看自己，是因?yàn)樽约捍α?，所以作者覺得“穿著成功”真的很有道理，空格處是“真正地”，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，當(dāng)我離開并坐在我的車?yán)飼r(shí)，不知怎么的，我決定檢查一下我的頭發(fā)。A.brush刷；B.tidy整理；C.dry（使）變干；D.check檢查。由后文的“Apinkhairrollerwasjust___7___onmyhead”和第16空前的“checkmyhair”可知，作者是檢查頭發(fā)，故選D。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的對著鏡子笑了。A.mirror鏡子；B.screen屏幕；C.glass玻璃；D.light光。由上文的“Idecidedto___5___myhair”可知，作者是對著鏡子檢查頭發(fā)，故選A。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)粉色的卷發(fā)器就放在我頭上。A.swinging搖擺；B.sitting處于（某位置）；C.emerging出現(xiàn)；D.waiting等待。由后文的“onmyhead”可知，卷發(fā)器放在頭上，空格處為“處于（某位置）”，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它完全暴露在外。A.gradually逐漸；B.frequently頻繁地；C.generally通常；D.totally完全地。由上文的“Apinkhairrollerwasjust___7___onmyhead”可知，卷發(fā)器完全暴露在外，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在那里，拿著那愚蠢的滾軸，眼淚滾滾而下。A.humble謙卑的；B.innocent無辜的；C.stupid愚蠢的；D.elegant優(yōu)雅的。由下文的“roller”可知，作者此時(shí)是非常討厭那個(gè)卷發(fā)器，也覺得自己很愚蠢，因此空格處用stupid，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年后，我在教室里面對著那些習(xí)慣了失敗、苦苦掙扎的孩子們。A.struggling苦苦掙扎的；B.abandoned被遺棄的；C.embarrassing令人尷尬的；D.annoyed生氣的。由后文的“whowereusedtofailure”可知，那群學(xué)生習(xí)慣了失敗，所以那是一群苦苦掙扎的的學(xué)生，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我試著接觸他們，但好像進(jìn)展不順利。A.forgive原諒；B.watch觀看；C.ignore忽視；D.reach為……提供幫助。由上文的“kidswhowereusedtofailure”可知，那些孩子經(jīng)常失敗，所以作者想接觸他們，幫助他們，故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我試著接觸他們，但好像進(jìn)展不順利。A.workedout進(jìn)展（順利）；B.endedup結(jié)束；C.madesense講得通；D.wentwrong出毛病。but表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此句子表示“我試著幫助他們，但好像進(jìn)展不順利”，故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，在一個(gè)脆弱的時(shí)刻，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己告訴了他們卷發(fā)器的故事。A.message信息；B.story故事；C.fact事實(shí)；D.joke玩笑。由上文的“tellingthemthehairroller”可知，作者是告訴學(xué)生卷發(fā)器的故事。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把一切都告訴了他們，我的眼淚，我的恥辱，我感到的孤獨(dú)。A.tears眼淚；B.escape逃跑；C.worries擔(dān)心；D.silence安靜。由上文的“tearsrollingdown”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)是哭了，所以作者是告訴同學(xué)們作者的眼淚，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不敢相信我會分享這樣尷尬的事情。A.celebrate慶祝；B.mark做記號；C.share分享；D.witness目擊。由上文的“tellingthemthehairroller____13_”可知，作者是分享這個(gè)事情，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)學(xué)生建議我去任何地方之前檢查一下我的頭發(fā)。A.unless除非；B.though雖然；C.since自從；D.before在……之前。由后文的“Iwentanywhere”可知，此處表示“一個(gè)學(xué)生建議我去任何地方之前檢查一下我的頭發(fā)”，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：第二天，當(dāng)我走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，教室里非常安靜，只有零星的笑聲。A.regardlessof不管；B.insteadof代替；C.butfor要不是；D.exceptfor除了。由上文的“itwasveryquiet”可知，此處表示“教室里非常安靜，只有零星的笑聲”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒過多久我就注意到。A.admit承認(rèn)；B.notice注意到；C.reflect反映；D.decide決定。由后文的“Everykidhadapinkhairrolleronthehead”可知，作者注意到每個(gè)孩子頭上都有一個(gè)粉紅色的卷發(fā)器，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你沒有瘋！A.crazy瘋狂的；B.awkward尷尬的；C.basic基本的；D.unique獨(dú)特的。由上文的“Everykidhadapinkhairrolleronthehead”可知，孩子們都戴上卷發(fā)器，這樣就顯得老師戴卷發(fā)器并不是瘋了，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：誰能想到一個(gè)小小的粉色卷發(fā)器能發(fā)揮這么大的作用！A.easy簡單的；B.big大的；C.alone獨(dú)自一人的；D.equal平等的。由上文的““Hey,Miss,”cameavoiceattheback.“Youarenot__19____!””可知，孩子們開始和作者溝通了，所以卷發(fā)器起了很大的作用，playabigpart意為“發(fā)揮重要作用”，故選B。第二節(jié)（共10個(gè)小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therearecurrentlyover3,000endangeredlanguagesintheworldontheedgeofextinction.Andlanguagesanddialectsaredyingat___36___alarmingrate.AccordingtoNationalGeographic,onelanguagedisappearsfromtheearthevery14days,andfewleaveanyrecognizablemarks.Theleastspokenlanguagesintheworldtendtobespokenonlybyafeweldersofsmall___37___(community).Learningadyinglanguagerarelyappealstopeople___38___trytosecuretheirplaceinaglobaleconomy,soyoungergenerationsaren'ttypicallylearningtheselanguages___39___theirparentsorgrandparents.Mostoftheseendangeredlanguagesalsolackawritingsystem,___40___(make)theirpreservationanevenbiggerchallenge.Inthislandscapeofamazingloss,institutionsandprojectsaretryingtosave___41___isleft.TheEndangeredLanguagesDocumentationProgramme___42___(found)in2002withtheaimofpreservinglanguagesthreatenedbyextinction.Itnotonlyfundsindividualprojectsdevelopedbyscholars,___43___providestraininginLondonandaroundtheworldtohelppreparethemethods___44___(require)forresearchwork.Thepurposeofdocumentinglanguagesmustnot___45___(simple)betopin(釘)themtothewalllikebutterflies.【答案】36.an37.communities38.who##that39.from40.making41.what42.wasfounded43.but44.required45.simply【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了語言正在以驚人的速度消失的現(xiàn)象以及一個(gè)旨在保護(hù)瀕危語言的項(xiàng)目?！?6題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：語言和方言正在以驚人的速度消亡。此處泛指“以一個(gè)驚人的速度”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且alarming是以元音音速開頭，故填an。【37題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：世界上使用人數(shù)最少的語言往往只被小部分群體的少數(shù)老人使用。community群體，可數(shù)名詞，由afew可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填communities。【38題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：學(xué)習(xí)一門即將消亡的語言很少會吸引那些試圖在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中保住自己地位的人，所以年輕一代通常不會從他們的父母或祖父母那里學(xué)習(xí)這些語言。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是people，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用who或that引導(dǎo)。故填who/that。【39題詳解】考查介詞。句意；學(xué)習(xí)一門即將消亡的語言很少會吸引那些試圖在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中保住自己地位的人，所以年輕一代通常不會從他們的父母或祖父母那里學(xué)習(xí)這些語言。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指“從他們的父母或祖父母那里學(xué)習(xí)這些語言”，learnsthfromsb向某人學(xué)習(xí)某物，固定搭配。故填from。【40題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：這些瀕臨滅絕的語言大多缺乏書寫系統(tǒng)，這使得它們的保存面臨更大的挑戰(zhàn)。動詞make的邏輯主語是前面整句話，兩者之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填making。【41題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：在這片損失慘重的土地上，各種機(jī)構(gòu)和項(xiàng)目正在努力拯救剩下的一切。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，表示“所剩下的（東西）”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：瀕危語言記錄計(jì)劃成立于2002年，旨在保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的語言。根據(jù)in2002可知，句子是講述過去發(fā)生的事情，且主語TheEndangeredLanguagesDocumentationProgramme和動詞found之間是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，主語表示單數(shù)意義，be動詞用was。故填wasfounded?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：它不僅資助學(xué)者開發(fā)的個(gè)人項(xiàng)目，而且在倫敦和世界各地提供培訓(xùn)，幫助準(zhǔn)備研究工作所需的方法。此處考查固定短語notonly…but(also)…，表示“不但……而且……”。故填but?！?4題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：它不僅資助學(xué)者開發(fā)的個(gè)人項(xiàng)目，而且在倫敦和世界各地提供培訓(xùn)，幫助準(zhǔn)備研究工作所需的方法。動詞require和methods之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。故填required。【45題詳解】考查副詞。句意：記錄語言的目的不能簡單地把它們像蝴蝶一樣釘在墻上?？仗幾?/p>