2025年大學《大學英語》專業(yè)題庫——英語專業(yè)學術(shù)研究生培養(yǎng)考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______考生須知：1.請將所有答案寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。2.答題時請保持卷面整潔。3.考試時間：180分鐘。一、閱讀下面的文字，完成后面的題目。Thelandscapeofacademicpublishingisundergoingaprofoundtransformation,drivenlargelybytheriseofdigitaltechnologiesandevolvingreaderexpectations.Traditionalprintjournals,whilestillholdingsignificantvalue,areincreasinglysupplemented,orinsomecasesreplaced,byopen-accessonlineplatformsanddigitalrepositories.Thisshiftpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforscholarsandinstitutions.Ontheonehand,themovetowardsdigitalpublicationoffersunparalleledaccessibility.Researchfindingsarenolongerconstrainedbyphysicaldistributionlimits,reachingaglobalaudiencealmostinstantaneously.Thisdemocratizesaccesstoknowledge,potentiallyfosteringgreatercollaborationandinnovationacrossborders.Featureslikesearchabledatabases,integratedmultimediacontent(audio,video,interactivegraphics),andadvancedsearchfunctionalitiesenhancetheutilityofpublishedresearch,allowingformoreefficientinformationretrievalanddeepercomprehension.Furthermore,digitalplatformsoftenfacilitatereal-timeupdatesandtheintegrationofnewdata,makingpublishedworkmoredynamicandrelevant.Ontheotherhand,thisdigitalrevolutionisnotwithoutitscomplexities.The"open-access"model,whilepromotingwidervisibility,oftenreliesonArticleProcessingCharges(APCs),posingafinancialburdenonresearchersandinstitutions,particularlythoseinlower-resourcesettings.Thiscancreatedisparitiesinwhogetspublishedandthevisibilityofresearchfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Thesheervolumeofonlineinformationalsoposesthechallengeof"informationoverload,"makingitincreasinglydifficultforscholarstodiscernhigh-quality,relevantresearchamidstthenoise.Additionally,issuesconcerningdataintegrity,plagiarismdetection,andlong-termarchivingrequirecarefulconsiderationandrobusttechnologicalandethicalframeworks.Asscholars,navigatingthisevolvinglandscaperequiresadaptabilityandacriticalunderstandingofthetoolsandplatformsavailable.Developingskillsindigitalliteracy,effectivesearchstrategies,andcriticalevaluationofonlinesourcesisparamount.Moreover,engagingwithissuesofopenaccess,copyright,andethicalpublishingpracticesiscrucialforensuringthatthebenefitsofdigitaltransformationareequitablydistributedandthattheintegrityofacademicworkismaintained.1.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，概括傳統(tǒng)印刷期刊面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)。2.文章指出數(shù)字出版提供了哪些具體優(yōu)勢？請列舉至少三點。3.數(shù)字出版帶來的“信息過載”問題對學術(shù)研究可能產(chǎn)生什么影響？4.針對數(shù)字出版帶來的財務負擔問題，文章提到了什么現(xiàn)象？5.文章最后段落建議學者應具備哪些核心能力以適應數(shù)字出版環(huán)境？二、閱讀下面的文字，完成后面的題目。Linguisticrelativity,oftentermedtheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,positsarelationshipbetweenthelanguageonespeaksandthewayoneperceivesandthinksabouttheworld.Whilethestrongversionofthishypothesis,whichclaimsthatlanguagedeterminesthought,islargelydiscredited,theweakerversion,suggestingthatlanguageinfluencesthought,remainsasubjectofconsiderableinterestandresearchwithinlinguisticandcognitivescience.Proponentsoflinguisticrelativityarguethatthevocabularyandgrammaticalstructuresofalanguagecanshapeitsspeakers'cognitiveprocesses.Forinstance,languageswithmultiplewordsforconceptsthatareperceiveddifferently(likethenumerousInuitwordsforsnow)mightleadspeakerstocategorizeandperceivetheseconceptsmorefinely.Similarly,grammaticalcategoriessuchasgenderassignmentinlanguageslikeFrenchorSpanishmightinfluencehowspeakersmentallygroupobjectsorconceptsalonggenderlines.Researchincross-linguisticpsychologyhasattemptedtotesttheseideasbyexamininghowspeakersofdifferentlanguagesperceiveandcategorizesensorystimuli,solveproblems,orperformmemorytasks.Criticsoflinguisticrelativity,however,emphasizethesignificantinfluenceofcognitiveprocessesonlanguagedevelopment.Theyarguethatlanguageislargelyanexpressionofpre-existingthoughtpatternsandcategorizations,ratherthanadeterminantofthem.Humansfirstperceivetheworld,categorizetheirexperiences,andthendeveloplanguagetolabelandcommunicatetheseperceptions.Evidencesupportingthisviewincludestheobservationthatchildrenacquirelanguageatayoungage,longbeforetheircognitiveabilitiesarefullydevelopedtotheextentrequiredforlanguagetofundamentallystructurethought.Additionally,thefactthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagescanlearnandunderstandconceptsfromlanguageswithdifferentgrammaticalstructuressuggeststhattheunderlyingcognitiveabilitiesforcategorizationandthoughtarenotentirelydictatedbythespecificlinguisticsystemonelearns.Despiteongoingdebate,thestudyoflinguisticrelativityhighlightstheintricaterelationshipbetweenlanguageandcognition.Itunderscorestheimportanceofconsideringlanguageasafundamentalaspectofhumanexperiencethatinteractswithandpotentiallyshapeshowweunderstandandnavigatetheworld.Researchinthisareacontinuestoexplorethenuancesofthisinteraction,usingincreasinglysophisticatedmethodologiestodisentanglethecomplexinfluencesoflanguageonthoughtandcognition.6.簡述語言學相對論（弱版本）的核心觀點。7.文章中提到了哪兩個支持語言影響思維的例子？8.批評者認為語言是思維的表達還是思維的決定因素？并簡述其主要理由。9.文章最后指出，對語言學相對論的研究有何意義？10.如果要設計一項研究來檢驗特定語言結(jié)構(gòu)（例如某種語法規(guī)則）是否影響思維，研究者需要考慮哪些關鍵因素？三、根據(jù)以下主題，撰寫一篇大約400-500詞的短文。主題：TheRoleofTechnologyinShapingFutureAcademicResearchTechnologyisundeniablyreshapingthelandscapeofacademicresearchacrossdisciplines.Discussthesignificantwaysinwhichtechnologicaladvancementsareinfluencingresearchmethodologies,collaboration,andthedisseminationofknowledge.Consideraspectssuchasbigdataanalytics,artificialintelligence,digitalarchives,andonlinecollaborationplatforms.Youressayshouldexploreboththeopportunitiespresentedbythesetechnologiesandpotentialchallengesorethicalconsiderationstheymayintroduceforfuturescholars.試卷答案一、閱讀下面的文字，完成后面的題目。1.傳統(tǒng)印刷期刊面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)包括：物理分布限制導致傳播范圍和速度受限；難以整合多媒體內(nèi)容；信息更新不夠及時；成本較高可能限制部分研究成果的發(fā)表；不利于進行深度搜索和信息檢索。解析思路：此題考查對文章第一段內(nèi)容的理解和概括。需要識別出與“傳統(tǒng)印刷期刊”相關的限制、缺點或被數(shù)字出版超越的方面。文章明確提到數(shù)字出版“不再受物理分布限制”、“難以包含多媒體”、“更新不及時”、“成本高”以及“不利于深度搜索”，這些都可以歸納為傳統(tǒng)期刊的挑戰(zhàn)。2.數(shù)字出版提供的具體優(yōu)勢有：研究成果能快速、廣泛地被全球受眾獲??；通過可搜索數(shù)據(jù)庫、多媒體內(nèi)容和高級搜索功能增強了研究的實用性；使publishedwork更具動態(tài)性和時效性。解析思路：此題考查對文章第一段關于數(shù)字出版優(yōu)勢信息的提取和列舉。需要找到描述數(shù)字出版在Accessibility（可及性）、Utility（實用性）和Dynamism（動態(tài)性）方面的具體好處，如“unparalleledaccessibility”、“globalaudiencealmostinstantaneously”、“searchabledatabases,integratedmultimediacontent,advancedsearchfunctionalities”、“moredynamicandrelevant”。3.信息過載問題可能導致：學者難以在海量信息中有效篩選和識別高質(zhì)量、相關的學術(shù)研究，增加信息獲取的難度和時間成本，可能導致研究效率降低或受低質(zhì)量信息干擾。解析思路：此題考查對文章第二段中“informationoverload”潛在影響的推斷。雖然文章未直接詳述后果，但基于常識和上下文，信息過載的核心問題在于“discernhigh-quality,relevantresearchamidstthenoise”，這意味著難以找到所需信息，從而影響研究。4.數(shù)字出版帶來的財務負擔現(xiàn)象是：“開放獲取”（open-access）模式常依賴ArticleProcessingCharges(APCs)，給研究人員或機構(gòu)帶來經(jīng)濟壓力，可能造成發(fā)表機會的不平等。解析思路：此題考查對文章第二段關于財務負擔信息的定位和理解。文章明確指出“open-accessmodel...oftenreliesonArticleProcessingCharges(APCs)”并稱其“posingafinancialburden”，同時關聯(lián)到“disparitiesinwhogetspublished”。5.學者應具備的核心能力包括：數(shù)字素養(yǎng)（digitalliteracy）、有效的在線信息搜索和評估策略（effectivesearchstrategies）、批判性地評價在線信息源的能力（criticalevaluationofonlinesources）。解析思路：此題考查對文章最后一段關于學者所需能力的提取。文章直接建議學者需要“developingskillsindigitalliteracy,effectivesearchstrategies,andcriticalevaluationofonlinesources”。二、閱讀下面的文字，完成后面的題目。6.弱版本的語言學相對論的核心觀點是：使用的語言在某種程度上會影響說話者感知和思考世界的方式。解析思路：此題考查對文章首段對弱版本假設核心內(nèi)容的理解。文章開篇即定義“l(fā)inguisticrelativity...theweakerversion,suggestingthatlanguageinfluencesthought”，明確指出了“influence”而非“determines”。7.支持語言影響思維的例子有：擁有多種詞語區(qū)分細微差別的語言（如Innuit對snow不同的詞）可能使說話者更精細地感知和分類這些概念；語言中的語法性別分類（如French/Spanish中的genderassignment）可能影響說話者對無生命物體或抽象概念的性別化心理分組。解析思路：此題考查對文章第二段中具體例子的提取。文章明確列舉了兩個例子來支持觀點：“l(fā)anguageswithmultiplewordsforconceptsthatareperceiveddifferently(likethenumerousInuitwordsforsnow)”和“grammaticalcategoriessuchasgenderassignment...influencehowspeakersmentallygroupobjectsorconceptsalonggenderlines”。8.批評者認為語言是思維的表達而非決定因素，主要理由是：人類先感知世界、進行分類，然后才發(fā)展語言來標簽和溝通；兒童在認知能力尚不充分時就能習得語言；不同語言使用者能理解和學習其他語言中不同的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。解析思路：此題考查對文章第三段中批評者觀點及其理由的概括。文章指出批評者認為語言是“anexpressionofpre-existingthoughtpatterns”，并提供了三個論據(jù)：“childrenacquirelanguagelongbefore...cognitiveabilitiesarefullydeveloped”、“speakersofdifferentlanguagescanlearnandunderstandconceptsfromlanguageswithdifferentgrammaticalstructures”。9.對語言學相對論的研究意義在于：揭示語言與認知之間復雜的相互作用關系，強調(diào)語言作為人類經(jīng)驗的基礎要素，可能影響我們理解世界的方式，促進對這種語言-思維互動的深入理解。解析思路：此題考查對文章最后一段關于研究意義的總結(jié)。文章結(jié)尾指出該研究“highlightstheintricaterelationshipbetweenlanguageandcognition”,“underscorestheimportanceofconsideringlanguageasafundamentalaspectofhumanexperiencethatinteractswithandpotentiallyshapeshowweunderstandandnavigatetheworld”,andemphasizestheneedto“explorethenuancesofthisinteraction”。10.設計此類研究需考慮的關鍵因素包括：研究對象的語言背景（linguisticbackgro