間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題集語言的魅力在于其靈活的表達(dá)與精準(zhǔn)的傳遞。在日常交流與書面寫作中，我們常常需要將他人的話語或自己的想法進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)述，這便涉及到了間接引語的運(yùn)用。掌握間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換技巧，不僅能夠提升語言表達(dá)的流暢性與準(zhǔn)確性，更能展現(xiàn)我們對語境和邏輯的深刻理解。本練習(xí)題集旨在通過系統(tǒng)的練習(xí)，幫助學(xué)習(xí)者鞏固間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換的核心規(guī)則，提升在實(shí)際語境中靈活運(yùn)用的能力。一、間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換的核心要點(diǎn)回顧在進(jìn)入練習(xí)之前，我們先來簡要回顧一下間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)需要注意的關(guān)鍵要素，這將是我們準(zhǔn)確完成轉(zhuǎn)換的基礎(chǔ)。1.人稱代詞的調(diào)整：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述者的視角，直接引語中的第一、第二人稱代詞通常需要轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱，或根據(jù)上下文調(diào)整為符合邏輯的人稱。2.時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)：若主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語中的時(shí)態(tài)通常需要“倒移”，即：*一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)→一般過去時(shí)*現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→過去進(jìn)行時(shí)*現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)*一般過去時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)（或根據(jù)語境保留一般過去時(shí)）*一般將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí)*情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也需相應(yīng)變化，如can→could,will→would,may→might等。（若直接引語表述的是客觀真理、永恒不變的事實(shí)，或主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)通常無需改變。）3.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語的變化：*this→that,these→those*here→there*now→then,atthattime*today→thatday*tomorrow→thenextday/thefollowingday*yesterday→thedaybefore*ago→before4.特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)換：*陳述句：常用連詞that引導(dǎo)（口語中可省略）。*一般疑問句：常用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)，且從句須用陳述語序。*特殊疑問句：保留原疑問詞，從句用陳述語序。*祈使句：通常轉(zhuǎn)換為“ask/tell/order/advise+sb.+(not)+todosth.”的結(jié)構(gòu)。二、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題集（一）基礎(chǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)：陳述句將下列直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語，注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞及狀語的調(diào)整。1.Shesaid,"Iamreadinganovelnow."2.Tomtoldme,"Mybrotherwillvisitmenextweek."3."Ihavefinishedmyhomework,"Maryannounced.4.Theteachersaid,"Theearthmovesaroundthesun."5.Hesaid,"Imetherinthestreetyesterday."（二）疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)A.將下列直接引語（一般疑問句）轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語。6."Doyoulikeplayingfootball?"heaskedme.7.SheaskedTom,"Haveyouseenmykeys?"8.Thepolicemanasked,"Isthisyourcar?"B.將下列直接引語（特殊疑問句）轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語。9."Wheredoesshelive?"mymotherwondered.10.Heasked,"Howdidyousolvetheproblem?"11."Whattimewillthemeetingstart?"theyinquired.（三）祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)將下列直接引語（祈使句）轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語。12.Thedoctorsaidtothepatient,"Takethismedicinethreetimesaday."13."Don'tmakenoiseinthelibrary,"thelibrariantoldthestudents.14.Mothersaidtome,"Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave."15.Theofficerordered,"Standatattention!"（四）綜合提升練習(xí)根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，將直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語，注意綜合運(yùn)用各項(xiàng)規(guī)則。17.Hesaid,"Wearegoingtothecinematonight."(Hesaidthat...)18."Icanspeakthreelanguages,"shetoldtheinterviewer.(Shetoldtheinterviewerthat...)19."Didyoucallmeyesterday?"heaskedhissister.(Heaskedhissister...)20.Theteachersaidtous,"Youmuststudyhardfortheexam."(Theteachertoldusthat...)三、參考答案與解析（一）基礎(chǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)：陳述句1.Shesaidthatshewasreadinganovelthen.*解析：人稱I→she；時(shí)態(tài)amreading→wasreading；時(shí)間狀語now→then。2.Tomtoldmethathisbrotherwouldvisithimthenextweek.*解析：人稱my→his,me→him；時(shí)態(tài)willvisit→wouldvisit；時(shí)間狀語nextweek→thenextweek。3.Maryannouncedthatshehadfinishedherhomework.*解析：人稱I→she；時(shí)態(tài)havefinished→hadfinished。4.Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.*解析：盡管主句為過去時(shí)said，但直接引語表述的是客觀真理，時(shí)態(tài)無需變化，仍用moves。5.Hesaidthathehadmetherinthestreetthedaybefore.*解析：人稱I→he；時(shí)態(tài)met(一般過去時(shí))→hadmet(過去完成時(shí))；時(shí)間狀語yesterday→thedaybefore。（二）疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)A.一般疑問句6.Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.*解析：一般疑問句用if或whether引導(dǎo)；人稱you→I；時(shí)態(tài)like→liked；從句用陳述語序。7.SheaskedTomif/whetherhehadseenherkeys.*解析：人稱you→he；時(shí)態(tài)haveseen→hadseen；物主代詞my→her。8.Thepolicemanaskedif/whetherthatwasmycar.*解析：指示代詞this→that；人稱代詞your→my。B.特殊疑問句9.Mymotherwonderedwhereshelived.*解析：保留疑問詞where；人稱she不變（根據(jù)語境，若指代明確）；時(shí)態(tài)doeslive→lived；從句用陳述語序。10.HeaskedhowIhadsolvedtheproblem.*解析：保留疑問詞how；人稱you→I；時(shí)態(tài)didsolve→hadsolved；從句用陳述語序。11.Theyinquiredwhattimethemeetingwouldstart.*解析：保留疑問詞whattime；時(shí)態(tài)willstart→wouldstart；從句用陳述語序。（三）祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)12.Thedoctortoldthepatienttotakethatmedicinethreetimesaday.*解析：祈使句表命令/建議，用"tellsb.todosth."結(jié)構(gòu)；指示代詞this→that。13.Thelibrariantoldthestudentsnottomakenoiseinthelibrary.*解析：否定祈使句，用"tellsb.nottodosth."結(jié)構(gòu)。14.MotheraskedmetoturnoffthelightsbeforeIleft.*解析：祈使句表請求，用"asksb.todosth."結(jié)構(gòu)；人稱you→I；時(shí)態(tài)leave→left（主句為過去時(shí)）。15.Theofficerorderedthemtostandatattention.*解析：祈使句表命令，用"ordersb.todosth."結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)語境補(bǔ)充賓語them。（四）綜合提升練習(xí)*解析：主句為過去時(shí)，will→would；I→she；your→my；條件句中have→had。17.Hesaidthattheyweregoingtothecinemathatnight.*解析：we→they；aregoing→weregoing；tonight→thatnight。18.Shetoldtheinterviewerthatshecouldspeakthreelanguages.*解析：I→she；can→could。（“會(huì)說某種語言”可視為一種能力，有時(shí)也可用can，但主句為過去時(shí)，could更常見。）19.Heaskedhissisterif/whethershehadcalledhimthedaybefore.*解析：一般疑問句，用if/whether；you→she；me→him；yesterday→thedaybefore；call→hadcalled。20.Theteachertoldusthatwemust/hadtostudyhardfortheexam.*解析：you→we；must在此處表“必須”，可保留must（口語中常用）或轉(zhuǎn)換為hadto。四、練習(xí)建議與總結(jié)間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換并非一蹴而就，需要在理解規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行大量實(shí)踐。建議學(xué)習(xí)者在練習(xí)時(shí)：1.仔細(xì)分析語境：關(guān)注主句的時(shí)態(tài)、說話人與聽話人的關(guān)系，這是決定人