大學(xué)英語四級（年月考試改革適用）模

擬試卷36（共9套）

（共563題）

大學(xué)英語四級（年月考試改革適用）模

擬試卷第1套

一、作文（本題共I題，每題7.0分，共I分。）

1、Forthispan,youareallowed30minutesiouniteashortessay.Youshouldsian

youressaywithabriefaccountofstudent'sincreasingrelianceontechnologytosolve

problems,andthenexplaintheconsequenceofover-dependenceonit.Youshouldwrite

atleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

havetotoMCMiprobUmbyyovrMfCYbucan、caltechwpport.^

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Asshowninthepicture,akidistryingtogeltheanswerofasimple

calculationfromhissmartphone.Unfortunately,thisisjustthetipoftheiceberg.

Studentsrelysomuchontechnologytosolveproblemsthesedaysthattheyseekanswers

fromInternetfortheirdailyhomework,examinationandevengraduationpaperthat

needsdeepthoughtandcriticalthinking.Thoughtechnologyhasbroughtmuch

conveniencetous.overuseofit.especiallyforstudents,doesmoreharmthangood.First,

the"Googlehasitall"notiontemptsstudentintolaziness,andleadstotheirlossofbasic

skills.Forexample,manystudentsnowcan'tspellconectly"thanksto"thespelling

checkingsoftware.Second,technologycan'tteachstudentscriticalthinking.Solving

practicalproblemsisfarmorecomplicatedthancopy-and-paste.QandAwebsitesdon't

tellustheexactsolutionforeveryproblem,andstudentsneedtolearntheabilitytothink

andanalyzeinsteadofcopyingtheinformationtechnologymechanicallyprovides.

Advancedtechnologyiscertainlyablessingforstudents.Nevertheless,onceoverused,it

canbecomeadevilthatkillsourdiligenceandcreativity.

知識點(diǎn)解析：這篇看圖作文要求考生結(jié)合圖片就“過度依賴科技來解決問題”展開

論述。根據(jù)題目要求，文章結(jié)構(gòu)可安排如下：第一段簡要描述圖片內(nèi)容，并指出

學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中過度依賴科技。第二段列舉學(xué)生過度依賴科技所導(dǎo)致的不良后果：

造成學(xué)生形成惰性；不會(huì)批判性地去思考問題。第三段總結(jié)指出過度使用科技會(huì)

扼殺學(xué)生的勤奮和創(chuàng)造力。

二、詞匯理解（本題共/0題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.Thename

comesfromthosetastylittlecookiesthatare[Cl]asbeinglowerinfatand

sugar.Buttheyoftenleaddieterstoeatmoreofthemthan[C2]cookiesand

thenwonderwhythey'renotlosingweight.Itturnsoutthere'saSnackWelleffectfor

energyusetoo—anditmaymakeittougherforustocutbackoncarbon.When[C3]

consciousconsumersbuyanenergy-efficientdishwasher,forexample,theymay

feellessguiltyabout[C4]themachinemoreoftenandasaresultmaynotend

upsavinginuuhoniheiiutilitybills.Likewise,studiesindicateihalpeoplewho[C5]

more-energy-efficientlightslose5%to12%oftheexpectedsavingsbyleaving

themonlonger.MuchlikedieterseatingtoomanySnackWell's,wccanfailinour

attemptstosaveenergyandmoney.Soresistthe[C6]toraiseyourthermostat

(恒溫器)afteryoubuyamoreefficientfurnace:lowerthetemperaturebyadegreeand

shaveanother1%offyourheatingbill.ButevenifwedowhatJimmyCarterdidand

weara70s-stylesweaterallwinter,wemayendupspendingthoseenergysavings

somewhereelse-likeonaplane[C7]toBermudaAreportestimatedthat

[C8],thiseffectcouldreducethesavingsfromenergyefficiencyby10%or

more.Thatdoesn'tmeanenergy-efficiencymeasuresare[C9]—orthatwe

shouldnevergoonvacation.Butitdoesmeanthatcuttingbackonenergy[CIO]

,likedieting,isnotanexcusetostuffourselvesonlessguiltypleasures.A)acting

E)globallyI)rideM)specialB)advertisedF)installJ)routeN)urgeC)consumptionG)

operatedK)runningO)uselessD)environmentallyH)regularL)saving

2、[Cl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入分詞。由段末提到他們的體重并沒有降下來可知低脂肪和

低糖分是一種宣傳，動(dòng)詞詞庫中，與宣傳相關(guān)的是advertised—詞，故為答案c

3、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入形容詞。空前的them指的是廣告上宣傳的低脂肪.、低糖

分的美味小餅干，此處有節(jié)食者吃這些餅干多過“普通餅干”，regular符合文意。

4、[C3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入副詞。下文提到消費(fèi)者買的是節(jié)能洗碗機(jī)，由此可知他們

有環(huán)保意識，副詞詞庫中，environmentaHy可修飾conscious,符合語義。

5、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。購買了節(jié)能洗碗機(jī)后，消費(fèi)者更頻繁地

使用洗碗機(jī)就沒有那么內(nèi)疚了，runlhemachine表示“啟動(dòng)機(jī)器”，符合文意，介詞

后要用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故選running。

6、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)行文時(shí)態(tài)可知此處應(yīng)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由先行詞

people可知?jiǎng)釉~應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，install符合文意，此處表示“安裝更高效節(jié)能的

燈”。

7、[C6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞。根據(jù)空前的resist一詞可推測此處表示“抑制某種

情緒、沖動(dòng)、意圖等”，名詞詞庫中，只有urge一詞符合，表示“抑制……的沖

動(dòng)”。

8、[C7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞。aplaneride為常用表達(dá)，表示“飛機(jī)之旅”，故選

ride。roule表示“路線”，其后常與from...to...搭配，故排除。

9、[C8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入副詞。此處應(yīng)是表限定范圍的詞，副詞詞庫中，只有

globally符合。

10、[C9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：0

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入形容詞。從doesn'tmean可知此處并非像上文一樣一味否

定節(jié)能措施的作用，useless跟doesn't一起為雙重否定，表肯定，選useless。

11、[CIO]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞。由cuttingback可知此處表示“減少能源消費(fèi)”，此

處是第2段第1句中energyuse的同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選consumptiono

三、長篇閱讀（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

WhatIfYouCouldLearnEverything?[A]Imagineeverystudenthasatirelesspersonal

tutor,anartificiallyintelligentandinexhaustiblecompanionthatmagicallyknows

everything,knowsthestudent,andhelpsherlearnwhatsheneedstoknow.'"Youguys

soundlikeyou'refromthefuture,'"JoseFerreira,theCEOoftheeducationtechnology

startupKncwton,says."That'sthemostcommonreactionwegetfromothersinthe

industry."[B]Fouryearsago,thiskindoftalksoundedliketypicalSiliconValleyboast

fromanotherchildishfounderofatechnologystartup.Today,Knewtonsaystheycan

deliverthekindsofbieaklhioughs:severalmilliondatapointsgenerateddailybycacliof

1millionstudentsfromelementaryschoolthroughcollege,usingKnewton's"adaptive

learning"technologytostudymath,reading,andotherfundamentals.PeterThiel,the

PayPalco-founder,Facebookinvestor,andanearlyinvestorinKnewton,toldKnewton's

staffrecentlythatthecompanyhastwokeycharacteristicshelooksforinadeal."Before

theyhappen,everybodythoughtitwasimpossible.Afterwardsit'stoolateforanyone

else,becausethey'vealreadydoneit."|C]Adaptivelearningisanincreasinglypopular

sayingindicatingeducationalsoftwarethatcustomizesitspresentationofmaterialfrom

momenttomomentbasedontheuser'sinput.It'sbeinghailedasa"revolution"byboth

venturecapitalistsandbig,establishededucationcompanies.Startingthisfall,Knewton's

technologywillbeavailabletothevastmajorityofthenation'scollegesanduniversities

andK-12schooldistrictsthroughnewpartnershipswiththreemajortextbookpublishers:

Pearson,MacMillan,andHoughtonMifflinHarcourt.AndFerreira'sdoneallthiseven

thoughhesaysneitherhisinvestorsnorhiscompetition,tosaynothingofthepublicor

thepress,reallyunderstandwhatKnewtoncando.[D]Buthere'sthevision.Within5or

10years,thepapertextbookandmimeographed（油印的）worksheetwillbedead.

Classroomexercisesandhomework-text,audio,video,games-willhaveshifted

entirelytotheiPadorequivalent.Andadaptivelearningwillhelpeachuserfindtheexact

rightpieceofcontentneeded,intheexactrightformat,attheexactrighttime,basedon

previouspatternsofuse.[E]Inanageofswellingclasssizes,teacherlayoffs,and

studentswithavastgroupingofspecialneedsandlearningstyles,somereformersgreet

theseadaptivelearningsoftwaresystemsasasaviorthatcouldmakelearningmore

customizedandeffectiveandteachingmoreefficient.WhilebattlelinesaresharpinK-12

schoolreformoverissuesfromcharterstotheCommonCorenationalcurriculum

standards,digitalinnovationshavefansacrossthepoliticalscopefortheirpowerto

engagestudentsandbringtheclassroomintothe21stcentury.[F]Knewton,atbase,isa

recommendationenginebutforlearning.Therecommendationengineisacore

technologyoftheInternet,andprobablyoneyouencountereveryday.Googleuses

recommendations:otherpeoplewhoenteredthesesearchtermsclickedonthispage,so

we'llshowittoyoufirst.Themoreyouuseoneofthesewebsites,themoreitknows

aboutyou—notjustaboutyourcuiTentbehavior,butaboutalltheothersearchesand

clicksyou'vedone.Intheory,asyouspendmoretimewithasiteitsrecommendations

willbecomemorepersonalized.[G]RatherthanthesetofallWebpagesorallmovies,

thelearningdatasetis,moreorless,theuniverseofallfacts.Ferreiracallsthesefacts

"atomicconcepts/meaningthatthey'reindivisibleintosmallerconcepts.Whena

textbookpublisherlikePearsonloadsitscurriculumintoKnewton'splatform,eachpiece

ofcontent——itcouldbeavideo,atestquestion,oraparagraphoftext—istaggedwiththe

appropriateconceptorconcepts.[H]Theplatformformsapersonalizedstudyplanbased

onthatinformationanddecideswhatthestudentshouldworkonnext,feedingthe

studenttheappropriatenewpiecesofcontentandcontinuouslycheckingtheprogress.A

dashboard（儀表盤）showsthestudenthowmany"masterypoints"havebeenachieved

andwhattodonext.Teachers,likewise,canseeexactlywhichconceptsthestudentis

strugglingwith,andnotonlywhetherthehomeworkproblemshavebeendonebutalso

howmanytimeseachproblemwasattemptedorhowmanyhintswereneeded.Themore

peopleusethesystem,thebetteritgets:andthemoreyouuseit,thebetteritgetsforyou.

|I|Inatraditionalclass,ateachermovesagroupofstudentsthroughapredetermined

sequenceofmaterialatasinglepace.Reactionsaredelayed—youdon'tgethomeworkor

popquizzesbackforadayortwo.Somestudentsarebored:someareconfused.Youcan

missakeyidea,fallbehind,andnevercatchup.Software-enabledadaptivelearningflips

allofthisonitshead.Studentscanmoveattheirownspeed.Theycangethintsand

instantfeedback.Teachers,meanwhile,canspendclasstimetargetingtheirhelpto

individualsorsmallgroupsbasedonneed.[J]TheKnewtonsystemusesitsanalyticsto

keepstudentsmotivated.Ifitnoticesthatyouseemtohaveaconfidenceproblem,

becauseyoutoooftenblowquestionsthatshouldbeeasybasedonpreviousresults,it

willstartyouoffwithafewquestionsyou'relikelytogetright.Ifyou'restuck,choosing

thewrongansweragainandagain,itwillthrowoutbroaderandbroaderhintsbeforejust

showingyoutherightanswer.Itknowswhentodrillyouonmultiplicationandwhento

giveyouafunanimatedvideotowatch.[K]Thesearcearlydays,andthequestionsarc

mounting.Researchindicatesthatemotionalqualitieslikecourage,persistence,and

motivationmaybeevenmoreimportanttostudents'successthantheknowledgeorskills

theyacquire,andtheyalldependheavilyonhumanrelationships.Knowledgeacquisition

istheonlyaspectofeducationthattoday'sdigitaltechnologyseemsespeciallywell

adaptedto.Sofar,mostsoftwareapplications,platforms,apps,andgames,including

Knewton's,havebeenoptimizedfortransferringquantitative,boundedbodiesoffactsin

fieldslikemath,science,orengineering,aswellasbasicliteracyandgrammar.An

adaptive-learningplatformlikeKncwton'sishelplesstoanalyzeastudent'sinsightin

classdiscussions,thespecialbrillianceofanessay,orcreativityinagrouppresentation.

Inararemomentofmodesty,Ferreiraagrees."Intheend,"hesays,"maybeKnewtonis

justatool.”

12、Studentsgetpersonalizedstudyplanandteachersgetdetailedinformationabout

students'performancefromKnewtonplatform.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)students,teachers以及personalizedstudyplan定位到H段。H段

首句講述Knewton通過已經(jīng)獲取的信息為學(xué)生提供個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)方案，比如學(xué)生接

下來該學(xué)習(xí)什么。第3句則提到，老師也可以通過該平臺看到學(xué)生究竟覺得哪個(gè)概

念難，以及學(xué)生在做家庭作業(yè)時(shí)每道題嘗試了多少次，需要多少提示等信息，所以

本題是H段的大意概括。

13、Withcooperationwithmajortextbookpublishers,Knewton'stechnologywillbs

accessibletomanyuniversitiesbeginningfromthisautumn.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c-'

知識點(diǎn)解析：通過lexlbookpublishers鎖定C段。C段第3句說，從這個(gè)秋季嚴(yán)

始。美國的大多數(shù)大專院校以及幼兒園到高中范圍的學(xué)校都可以使用Knewton的

技術(shù)，這得益于Knewton與三大教材出版商的新近合作。題目中的cooperation對

應(yīng)原文的partnerships；accessible10對應(yīng)availableto；autumn對應(yīng)fall,所以本題

信息來自C段。

14、WhencurriculumsarcputintoKnewton'splatform,they'relabeledwithproper

concepts.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知火點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)concep［鎖定G段。G段笫1、2句講到Knewum平臺是所有“事

實(shí)”的集合，而這些“事實(shí)”可以被稱為“原子概念”。第3句提到，當(dāng)Pearson等教材

出版商把課程輸入到Knewton平臺的時(shí)候。這些內(nèi)容都會(huì)被貼上一個(gè)或數(shù)個(gè)合適

的概念標(biāo)簽。題目中的putinto對應(yīng)文中l(wèi)oads…into；labeledwith對應(yīng)tagged

with；proper對應(yīng)appropriate,其他信息點(diǎn)均一致，所以本題信息來自G段。

15、TheKnewtonsystempaysattentiontostudents5confidenceproblems.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J

知識點(diǎn)解析：通過confidenceproblems定位至I」J段。該段首句提到Knewton系統(tǒng)會(huì)

通過分析來保持學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性.第2句舉例提到當(dāng)它發(fā)現(xiàn)你似乎信心不足時(shí)，

會(huì)讓你從一些你很可能做對的題目開始練習(xí)。題目中的paysattentionto對應(yīng)原文

的notices,其他信息點(diǎn)均一致，所以本題信息來自于J段。

16、KnewtonbasicallyworksinthesamewayasGoogle,butonlyforlearning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F'

知識點(diǎn)解析：通過Google定位到F段。該段首句提到Knewton從本質(zhì)上來講就是

一個(gè)推薦引擎，只不過是用來學(xué)習(xí)的；第3句提到Google使用的就是推薦引擎，

所以得出Knewton和Google的工作原理是一樣的，所以本題是對該段第1句和第

3句的概括總結(jié)。

17、Adaptivelearningisaphraseusedtoindicateeducationalsoftwarethatchangesthe

materialspresentedtousersaccordingtotheirinput.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)educalionalsoftware和inpul鎖定C段。該段首句提到自適應(yīng)學(xué)

習(xí)這個(gè)說法口益普遍，它指那些時(shí)刻根據(jù)用戶的輸入來提供個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)材料的教學(xué)

軟件。題中的phrase與原文的saying對應(yīng)，changesthematerialspresentedtousers

與customizesitspresentationofmaterial對應(yīng)，其他信息點(diǎn)也一致，所以本題信息來

自C段。

18>Knewtonhelpslittleindevelopingstudents'emotionalqualities.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)emotionalqualities定位到K段。該段第2句提到有研究表明：

比起學(xué)生所獲取的知識或者技能，像勇氣、毅力和積極性這些情商因素對學(xué)生的成

功更重要，而這些因素很大程度上取決于人際關(guān)系。而第3句提出目前的電子數(shù)碼

技術(shù)只特別適用于知識的獲取，故可推知其在培養(yǎng)情商方面幫助不大。

19>Adaptivelearningsoftwaresystemshavemanypoliticalsupporters.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)politicalsupporters定位至ljE段。該段第2句說雖然關(guān)于學(xué)校改

革的爭議不斷，但是電子數(shù)碼領(lǐng)域的革新卻因其可以吸引學(xué)生并能使課堂向21世

紀(jì)的現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)變而在整個(gè)政界贏得了眾多支持者，這里的電子數(shù)碼領(lǐng)域的革新包含

自適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)軟件，因此可判斷本題信息來自E段。

20、Inatraditionalclass,studentscan'tgettimelyhomeworkfeedback.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)Inatraditionalclass定位到I段。該段第1句說在傳統(tǒng)的課堂

里，老師用單一的節(jié)奏領(lǐng)著一群學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)順序既定的教學(xué)材料。第2句繼續(xù)講述傳

統(tǒng)課堂的情況，提到（老師的）反饋是延遲的，比如你需要一到兩天后才能拿回作業(yè)

或者突擊測驗(yàn)卷。題目信息是對這兩句的總結(jié)，因此選I。

21、AninvestorbelievedinKnewtonbecauseitownsthecharacteristicshevaluesina

deal.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析:根據(jù)investor,characteristics和inadeal鎖定B段。該段第3句說,

Knewton的一個(gè)早期投資人PeterThiel告訴Knewton的員工，Knewlon擁有兩個(gè)他

在做交易時(shí)所尋求的重要特征，由此可判斷，本題信息來自B段。

四、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共70分。）

Anewpartnerpushesouttwoclosefriendsonaverage.leavingloverswithasmaller

innercircleofpeopletheycanturntointimesofcrisis.astudyfound.Theresearch,led

byRobinDunbar,headoftheInstituteofCognitive（認(rèn)知的）andEvolutionary

Anthropology（人類學(xué)）atOxfordUniversity,showedthatmenfindwomenwereequally

likelytolosetheirclosestfriendswhentheystartedanewrelationship.Previousresearch

byDunbar'sgrouphasshownthatpeopletypicallyhavefiveverycloserelationships一

thatis,peoplewhomtheywouldturntoiftheywereinemotionalorfinancialtrouble."If

yougointoaromanticrelationship,itcostsyoutwofriends.Thosewhohaveromantic

relationships,insteadofhavingthetypicalfive'coreset'ofrelationshipsonlyhavefour.

Andofthose,oneisthenewpersonwho'scomeintotheirlife,"saidDunbar.Thestudy,

submittedtothejournalPersonalRelationships,wasdesignedtoinvestigatehowpeople

tradeoffspendingtimewithonepersonoveranotherandsuggeststhatlinkswithfamily

andclosestfriendssufferwhenpeoplestartaromanticrelationship.Dunbar'steamused

aninternet-basedquestionnairetoquiz428womenand112menabouttheir

relationships.Intotal,363oftheparticipantshadromanticpartners.Thefindingssuggest

thatanewloveinteresthastocompensateforthelossoftwoclosefriends.Speakingat

theBritishScienceFestival,ProfessorDunbarsaid:"Thiswasasurpriseforus.We

hadn'texpectedit.""WhatIsuspectisthatyourattentionissowhollyfocusedonthe

romanticpartneryoudon'tgettoseetheotherfolksyouhadalottodowithbefore,and

sosomeofthoserelationshipsstarttodeteriorate（變糟）Thequestionnaireallowed

peopletomentionwhetheranyoftheirclosestfriendswere"extraromanticpartners°.In

all,32ofthosequizzedmentionedhavinganextraloveinterestintheirlife,butthese

peopledidnotlosefourfriendsasmightbeexpected.Instead,theextrapersonintheir

lifebumpedtheiroriginalromanticpartneroutoftheirinnermostcircleoffriends.

22WhatwasthenewfindingofRobinDunbar'sgroup?

Peoplewillturntotheirclosefriendswhentheyareinacrisis.

Peopleoftenbecomelesssociableaftertheyhaveanewpartner.

C、Peoplegainanewpartneratthecostoflosingtwoclosefriends.

D^Womentendtolosetheirclosefriendsmoreeasilythanmen.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第1句提到一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們談一次新的戀愛平均會(huì)失去兩個(gè)密

友,而由第2段第1句可知，該研究是由RobinDunbar牽頭的，與題干相符，故

可確定C為正確答案。C中的atthecostof…意為"以……為代價(jià)”。

23、Thephrase"verycloserelationships"（Lines1-2,Para.3）refersto.

A^romanticrelationships

B、intimatefriends

C、closepartners

D、closerelatives

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：該段破折號后的內(nèi)容對verycloserelationship作出了解釋，指人們身

處感情或財(cái)政危機(jī)時(shí)可以求助的人，由前面修飾詞five及后面的

emotional...trouble,并結(jié)合第1段后半句的內(nèi)容可知這里不可能指“戀人”，故A、

C可先排除；這里應(yīng)指親密的朋友，B中的imimate與close同義，所以B正確。

24、ThepurposeufRobinDunbar'sstudyisto.

A、persuadepeopletocareabouttheirfriends

B、investigatehowpeoplespendtheirtime

C、lookintohowpeoplebalancedifferentrelationships

D、givesomelipsonhowtostartaromanticrelationship

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：該段中的wasdesignedto提示后面的內(nèi)容即為研究的目的所在。該研

究意在調(diào)查人們?nèi)绾螜?quán)衡自己在不同的交往關(guān)系中的時(shí)間分配，C符合此意，為正

確答案。其中l(wèi)ookinto對應(yīng)文中的investigate,而balance對應(yīng)文中的tradeoff〔權(quán)

衡）。

25、WhatdoweleamaboutDunbar'squestionnairefromthepassage?

A、Itwascarriedoutonline.

B、Itfocusedonpeoplewhohadromanticpartners.

C、IlwasdesignedbythejournalPersonalRelationships.

D、Womenweremorewillingtodothequestionnairethanmen.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第6段首句提到鄧巴的團(tuán)隊(duì)是用網(wǎng)上問卷的方式調(diào)查的(internet-based

questionnaire),A中的on-line與此對應(yīng),故為正確答案。

26、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraphabout"extraromanticpartners"?

A、Theygaintheirpopularityintoday'ssociety.

B、Theyarenotacceptableintheresearchers'eyes.

C^Theytendtoarguealotwiththeoriginalromanticpartners.

D、Ihcyexpeltheoriginalromanticpartnersfromthe"coreset"ofrelationships.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：該段最后一句提到theextraperson會(huì)將之前的戀人擠出(bump...out

of)他們的密友圈子(innermostcircleoffriends),D是該句的同義替換，其中expel對

應(yīng)文中的bump...outof,而“coresetMofrelationships則對應(yīng)文中的innermostcircle

offriendso

Whenolderpeoplecannolongerremembernamesatacocktailparty,theytendtothink

thattheirbrainpowerisdeclining.Butagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatthis

assumptionisoftenwrong.Instead,theresearchfinds,theagingbrainissimplytakingin

moredataandtryingtoexaminecarefullyalotofinfomiation,oftentoitslong-term

benefit.Somebrainsdodeterioratewithage.Butformostagingadults,researcherssay,

muchofwhatoccursisagraduallywideningfocusofattentionthatmakesitmore

difficulttogetholdofjustonefact.Althoughthatcanbefrustrating,itisoftenuseful."It

maybethatdistractibilityisnot,infact,abadthing"saidShelleyECarson,apsychology

researcheratHarvard"Itmayincreasetheamountofinformationavailabletothe

consciousmind"Forexample,instudieswheresubjectsareaskedtoreadpassagesthat

areinterruptedwithunexpectedwordsorphrases,adults60andolderworkmuchmore

slowlythancollegestudents.Althoughthestudentsplowthroughthetextsataconsistent

speedregardlessofwhattheout-of-placewordsmean,olderpeopleslowdowneven

morewhenthewordsarerelatedtothetopicathand.Thatindicatesthattheyarenotjust

stumbling(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴土也念)overtheextrainformation,butarctakingitinandprocessing

it.Whenbothgroupswerelateraskedquestionsforwhichtheout-of-placcwordsmight

beanswers,theolderadultsrespondedmuchbetterthanthestudents."Fortheyoung

people,it'sasifthedistractionneverhappened/'saidaresearcherofthereview,Lynn

Hasher,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofToronto."Buiforolderadults,

becausethey'veretainedallthisextradata,they'renowsuddenlythebetterproblem

solvers.Theycantransfertheinformationthey'vesoakedupfromonesituationto

another."Suchtendenciescanyieldbigadvantagesintherealworld,whereitisnot

alwaysclearwhatinformationisimportant,orwillbecomeimportant.Forinstance,a

seeminglyincluvaiilpointursuggestioninaiiiumucanlakeonnewmuaiiiiigif11ic

originalplanchanges.

27、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat.

A、olderpeoplefeelsadfortheycan'tremembernames

B>thebrainpowerdoesnotalwaysdeclinewithage

C、cocktailpartiesarepopularamongolderpeople

D^thereareagrowingnumberofpeoplestudyingtheagingbrain

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'

知識點(diǎn)解析：該段第1句說老人往往認(rèn)為自己的腦力在衰退，但由第2句中的But

和isoftenwrong可知該想法并不正確，那么可以推斷出，腦力并不總是隨著年齡

的增長而衰退。第2段也為此結(jié)論提供了證據(jù)。因此本題答案為B。

28、WhatdoesShelleyH.Carsonmeanbysaying"...distractibilityisnot,infact,abad

thing"(LineI,Para.3)?

A^Itisnoiimponanttoconceniraieononething.

B、Distractibilitycanimprovepeople'sbrainpower.

C、Beingdistractedmeanstakinginmoreinformation.

D^Peopleoftenworryaboutdistractibility.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：第3段第2句就對該句作出了解釋：它(disiraclibility)以增加大腦獲

得的信息量。distractibilily指“注意力分散”。C是對此內(nèi)容的同義改寫，故為答

案。

29、Whatdowelearnahonitheolderpeopleandcollegestudentsintheexperiment?

A、Collegestudentsskippedtheunexpectedwords.

B、Olderpeopleshouldimprovetheirreadingspeed.

C^Collegestudentsdidabetterjobthantheolderpeople.

D、Olderpeoplefullyunderstoodthemeaningofthepassage.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第4段第2句可知，在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，大學(xué)生在讀文章時(shí)，不理會(huì)那

些格格不人的詞匯的意思，而是保持正常的速度讀完文章，A中skipped【he

unexpectedwords與文中的regardlessofwhattheout-of-placewordsmean意思相同，

故為正確答案。

30、Whycouldolderpeoplegivebetterrepliesthancollegestudentsintheexperiment?

A、Theyweremoreexperiencedreaders.

Theyabsorbedmoreextrainformation.

C>Collegestudentscouldn'tfbcusonthepassage.

D、Collegestudentshadnointerestinthepassage.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析:由第4段最后-一句中的takingitinandprocessingit、第6段第2句中

的retainedallthisextradata及該段最后一句的soakedup等可知，和學(xué)生不同，老

年人在閱讀時(shí)，能吸收那些額外的信息，并對這些信息進(jìn)行處理和理解。這止是老

年人回答問題比大學(xué)生好的原因，B與此相符，故為正確答案。

31、Itcanbeinferredfromthelastpassagethat.

A^peoplecanalwaysgetclearinformation

B>theoriginalplansoftenchangeintherealworld

C、peoplecanbenefitfromdistractibilityinthisuncertainworld

D^peopleshouldwritedowneverypointandsuggestioninamemo

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：該段第1句指出，老年人的distracliblily這種傾向在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中有極

大好處(yieldbigadvantages),C中的benefitfrom…對應(yīng)文中的yieldbig

advantages,而uncertain是對notalwaysclear的概括，由此可確定C正確。

五、翻譯?漢譯英(本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。)

32、在過去的幾十年里，除夕夜吃餃子、放煙花、看一年一度的央視春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚

會(huì)(CCTVSpringFestivalGala)已經(jīng)成為許多中國家庭的過年習(xí)俗。春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)時(shí)

長四個(gè)多小時(shí)。據(jù)央視統(tǒng)計(jì)，晚會(huì)每年會(huì)吸引無數(shù)觀眾。今年觀看春晚的人數(shù)就超

過了7億，春晚為世界上觀看人數(shù)最多的電視綜藝節(jié)目(varietyshow)。對大多數(shù)中

國人而言，春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)是現(xiàn)代文化的一部分。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Alongwitheatingdumplingsandsettingofffireworks,watchingtheannual

CCTVSpringFestivalGalahasbecomeacustomonthelunarNewYear'sevefbrmany

Chinesefamiliesoverthepastdecades.Theshowlastsmorethantourhours.According

tostatisticsfromCCTV,thegaladrawsmillionsofviewerseveryyear.Thegalathis

year,withmorethan700millionviewers,isthemostwatchedTVvarietyshow

worldwide.TheSpringFestivalGalaisapartofmoderncultureformostChinesepeople.

知識點(diǎn)解析：1.第1句是典型的多動(dòng)詞漢語句子。“吃餃子、放煙花、看春晚”這

些動(dòng)作從形式上看都屬于主語部分，但譯文沒有將其譯成并列的主語，而是采用轉(zhuǎn)

換法。通過增譯alongwith(伴隨著)將前兩個(gè)動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)譯成狀語。這樣一來不僅避免

了因主語過長而使句子顯得頭重腳輕的問題，亦突出和強(qiáng)調(diào)了文章的主題“看春

晚”。2.第3句中的“據(jù)央視統(tǒng)計(jì)”的中心詞是“統(tǒng)計(jì)”，“央視”是“統(tǒng)計(jì)”的來源，用

介詞短語fromCCTV表達(dá)，作后置定語，整個(gè)短語譯作accordingtostatisticsfrom

CCTV,符合英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。3.第4句兩個(gè)分句的主語分別是“觀看春晚的人

數(shù)”和“春晚雖然主語不同，但都與“春晚’湘關(guān)，如果譯成兩個(gè)句子，勢必會(huì)反

復(fù)出現(xiàn)“春晚”的字眼，使句子冗長累贅。因此，以“春晚”為主語，并添加with結(jié)

構(gòu)作其伴隨成分，表示收看人數(shù)的情況?！坝^看人數(shù)最多的''表達(dá)為themost

watchedthemostwidely-viewedo4.最后一句，狀語”對大多數(shù)中國人而言”置

于句末，而將后一分句前移至句首，突出主題theSpringFestivalGala。

六、短篇新聞(本題共7題，每題1.0分，共7分。)

33、

A、TheU.S.centralbankdecidesmonetarypolicy.

B、TheU.S.centralbankhasraisedaninterestrate.

C^TheU.S.economicgrowthisexpectedtocontinue.

D、TheU.S.economyisaddingabout200,000jobseachyear.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：題目問新聞主旨。新聞開篇便說“美國央行將一項(xiàng)重要利率提高了

0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)”。之后解釋了加息原因。B”美國央行提高了利率”將首句加以提

煉，去掉具體的數(shù)據(jù)，表明了全文主旨。

34、

A、Itisexpectedtogrow.

B、Ilissetbelow1percent.

C^Itwouldaffectinterestrates.

D、Itwouldbegoodtorpricestability.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：題目詢問由美國央行設(shè)定的targetinflationrate”目標(biāo)通脹率”的相關(guān)信

息。新聞提到央行將targetinflationrate設(shè)定在2%,央行表示該通脹率有助于支持

就業(yè)(helpsupportemployment)和保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定(keeppricesstable),D中的price

stability與后者對應(yīng)，其中的stability是stable的名詞形式。

35、

A、Theyhadkilledciviliansanddestroyedbasicfacilities.

B、TheycoveredthewholenationofSyria

C、TheyattemptedtodestroySyria'sgovernmentfacilities.

D、Theywerelaunchedbasedonhumanitarianlaw.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：題目詢問AmnestyInternational”國際特赦組織”關(guān)于俄羅斯此次空襲

的說法。新聞開頭就提到，該組織認(rèn)為俄羅斯的空襲殺死了數(shù)百名平民(killed

hundredsofcivilians)并毀壞了一些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(destruciiontobasicfacilities),故A正

確。

36、

A^ItpromisedtostopairstrikesinSeptember.

B、Itdidnotfeelguiltyforthecasualties.

C、Itwasproudofcausingthecasualties.

D^Itclaimedtotakeresponsibleforthecasualties.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：題目詢問俄羅斯對造成的平民傷亡(civiliancasuakies)的反應(yīng)。新聞中

提到，俄方從未承認(rèn)他們傷及平民(neveracknowledgedcausinganycivilian

casualties),即他們從不為平民傷亡感到抱歉，故B正確。

37、

A、Thegrowingnumberofmotorvehiclesdoesn'tmeanmoretrafficcrashes.

B、Allcountriessurveyedhavegreatprogressinpreventingtrafficdeaths.

C^Roadtrafficcrashesaredecreasinginthose180countriessurveyed.

D、Roadcrasheshavebeenpreventedthoroughlyinn'ostpoorcountries.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：題目問調(diào)查結(jié)果為什么是一個(gè)好消息。新聞中提到的surveyresult是

指“每年因交通事故喪生的人數(shù)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定”(thenumberof...deaths...isstabilizing),新

聞之后提到，鑒于全球機(jī)動(dòng)車輛日益增長(ihenumberofmolorvehiclesgrows),這

也是個(gè)好消息，A"機(jī)動(dòng)車輛的日益增長并未引發(fā)更多的交通事故”對新聞內(nèi)容進(jìn)行

了概況，為正確選項(xiàng)。

38、

A、Thereisnowaytomaker