大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷5（共9套）

（共200題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Ah,myveryI'avuiilcpiuiiioliunalpruduclofall,dieicfiigcialurmagiicl.Theyarcmy

favorite,becausetheyaresoextremelyinexpensive,andextremelyeffectiveingetting

yourcompanynameseenincountlesslocations.Theydon'tmakethegreatest

commissionforasalesmanofadvertisingspecialties,butIcan'tstopmyselffrom

recommendingtheselittlebeautiesfirstandforemosttomynewcustomersand

prospects.Andthereasonissosimple.TheyWORK!Tveyettoapproachanyoneinany

kindofbusinesswhereIdon'tfeelthatarefrigeratormagnetwillberegardedaseffective

advertising.Ithastobegrantedthatsomearemoresuitedthanothers,butIstillmaintain

thatthey'dbeofusetoanybusiness.Domino'sPizzaisnotoriousforgivingoutamagnet

withdeliveriesthatincludestheirlogoandthephonenumberofthelocalstore.Iworked

forDomino'swhenIwasayoungguy,asadeliverydriver.Often,wheneversaleswould

dropalittle,orthemanagerwasdesiringaprize,wewouldgo"doorhanging'1.Boydid

thesedoorhangersproducedstrongresults.Inexpensivemarketingthathadprovenitself

timeandtimeagain.MyfellowemployeesandIwouldspendtimeina"slow"

neighborhood,hangingtheseonthedoorknobsofasmanyhomesandapartmentsaswc

could,andtheresultswouldbeimmediate.Saleswouldshootthroughtheroof!Ifacrew

wentout"doorhanging"youcouldcountonalotofcallscoininginthateveningfrom

theareayou'djusttargeted,forthenext3days.Theproblemwiththesedoorhangersis,

they'repaper,andtheywindupinthetrash,ratherquickly.Arefrigeratormagnet,almost

alwayswindsupontherefrigerator.Andthereitstays,foralong,longtime.Whatother

conventionaladvertisingstaysinahomethatlong?Acommercial,printedadvertisement,

aradioaddress?Nothingstaysaslongasthemagnet.Andnomatterwhatisputonthe

fridge,beityourchild*sneatestdrawingofahairyfiretruck,ortheirlunchmenuat

school,what'sontheverytop?Thebeautiful,blessedmagnetbearingYOURcompany

logo!

1>Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorismostprobably.

A、amarketingconsultant

B、asalesperson

C、anadvertiser

D、adeliverydriver

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第2段第1句中的salesman和mynewcustomers都表明作者最可能是

一個銷售員，因此，本題應(yīng)選B。本題最具干擾性的是C,因為第2段第1句也提

到了advertisingspecialties,但要知道的是,advertisers通常不做推銷的工作,原文

中的asalesmanofadvertisingspecialties指的是為廣告商推銷業(yè)務(wù)的人，而不是廣

告商自己，因此，C不正確。

2、Accordingtotheauthor,therefrigeratormagnetis.

A、ofsomehelpfbranybusiness

B、effectiveonlyforsomebusinesses

C、themostefficientadvertisingforallbusinesses

D、oflittleuseforthosewhoarcnotinbusiness

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：第2段最后一句中的they,dbeofusetoanybusiness表明作者認(rèn)為冰

箱磁貼對任何行業(yè)或多或少都會有幫助，因此，本題應(yīng)選A。

3、Aneighborhoodwasclassifiedasa"slow"onewhen.

A、thedeliveryservicewasnotfastenough

B、doorhangersdidn'thaveimmediateeffects

C、saleswerenotassatisfactoryasexpected

D、customersorderedbyphoneinsteadofonline

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：結(jié)合第3段第3句中的saleswoulddrop和該段第7句的內(nèi)容可以推

斷slowneighborhood是指產(chǎn)品銷售慢的地區(qū),也就是銷量不能令人滿意的地區(qū)，

因此，本題應(yīng)選C。

4、Comparedwiththedoorhangers,therefrigeratormagnetnowexcelsat.

A、advertisingeffects

B、appearancedesign

C、portability

D、durability

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：第3段最后一句是唯一一處提到doorhangers缺點的地方，再結(jié)合第

4段第2句中的stays,foralong,longtime可以推斷冰箱磁貼比doorhangers優(yōu)勝

的地方就在于前者更耐用，因此，本題應(yīng)選D。

5、Whycantherefrigeratormagnetstayforalongtimeinahome?

A、Becauseitisasareminderformostcustomers.

B>Becausemostcustomersuseitasahouseholdarticle.

C>Becausemostadvertiserscanputameaningfullogoonit.

D^Becauseitcanbeusedasadecorationathome.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第4段倒數(shù)第2、3句舉例說明了冰箱磁貼在家庭中的用處，表明冰

箱磁貼除了起到做廣告的作用外，還被留在家里成了顧客的家居用品，這也就是冰

箱磁貼能得以被顧客保留在家里的最重要的原因，因此，本題應(yīng)選B。

Ah,myveryfavoritepromotionalproductofall,therefrigeratormagnet.Theyaremy

favoiite,becausetheyaresoexlicmelyinexpensive,andcxlrcinelyeffectiveingelling

yourcompanynameseenincountlesslocations.Theydon'tmakethegreatest

commissionforasalesmanofadvertisingspecialties,butIcan'tstopmyselffrom

recommendingtheselittlebeautiesfirstandforemosttomynewcustomersand

prospects.Andthereasonissosimple.TheyWORK!Fveyettoapproachanyoneinany

kindofbusinesswhereIdon'tfecithatarefrigeratormagnetwillberegardedaseffective

advertising.Ilhastobegrantedthatsomearemoresuitedthanothers,butIstillmaintain

thatthey'dbeofusetoanybusiness.Domino'sPizzaisnotoriousforgivingoutamagnet

withdeliveriesthatincludestheirlogoandthephonenamberofthelocalstore.Iworked

forDomino'swhenIwasayoungguy,asadeliverydriver.Often,wheneversaleswould

dropalittle,orthemanagerwasdesiringaprize,wewouldgo"doorhanging'1.Boydid

thesedoorhangersproducedstrongresults.Inexpensivemarketingthathadprovenitself

timeandtimeagain.MyfellowemployeesandIwouldspendtimeina"slow"

neighborhood,hangingtheseonthedoorknobsofasmanyhomesandapartmentsaswe

could,and(heresultswouldbeimmediate.Saleswouldshootthroughtheroof!Ifacrew

wentout"doorhanging"youcouldcountonalotofcallscominginthateveningfrom

theareayou'djusttargeted,forthenext3days.Theproblemwiththesedoorhangersis,

they'repaper,andtheywindupinthetrash,ratherquickly.Arefrigeratormagnet,almost

alwayswindsupontherefrigerator.Andthereitstays,foralong,longtime.Whatother

conventionaladvertisingstaysinahomethatlong?Acommercial,printedadvertisement,

aradioaddress?Nothingstaysaslongasthemagnet.Andnomatterwhatisputonthe

fridge,beityourchild'sneatestdrawingofahairyfiretruck,ortheirlunchmenuat

school,what'sontheverylop?Thebeautiful,blessedmagnetbearingYOURcompany

logo!

6、Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorismostprobably.

A^amarketingconsultant

B、asalesperson

C、anadvertiser

D、adeliverydriver

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第2段第1句中的salesman和mynewcustomers都表明作者最可能是

一個銷售員，因此，本題應(yīng)選B。本題最具干擾性的是C,因為第2段第1句也提

JlJTadvertisingspecialties,但要知道的是,advertisers通常不做推銷的工作,原文

中的asalesmanofadvertisingspecialties指的是為廣告商推銷業(yè)務(wù)的人，而不是廣

告商自己，因此，C不正確。

7、Accordingtotheauthor,therefrigeratormagnetis.

A^ofsomehelpforanybusiness

B、effectiveonlyforsomebusinesses

C、themostefficientadvertisingforallbusinesses

D、oflittleuseforthosewhoarenotinbusiness

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：第2段最后一句中的they'dbeofusetoanybusiness表明作者認(rèn)為冰

箱磁貼對任何行業(yè)或多或少都會有幫助，因此，本題應(yīng)選A。

8、Aneighborhoodwasclassifiedasa"slow"onewhen.

A、thedeliveryservicev/asnotfastenough

B、doorhangersdidn'thaveimmediateeffects

C>saleswerenotassatisfactoryasexpected

D、customersorderedbyphoneinsteadofonline

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：結(jié)合第3段第3句中的saleswoulddrop和該段第7句的內(nèi)容可以推

斷slowneighborhood是指產(chǎn)品銷售慢的地區(qū)，也就是銷量不能令人滿意的地區(qū)，

因此，本題應(yīng)選C。

9、Comparedwiththedoorhangers,therefrigeratormagnetnowexcelsat.

A、advertisingeffects

B、appearancedesign

C、portability

D、durability

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：第3段最后一句是唯處提到doorhangers缺點的地方，再結(jié)合第

4段第2句中的stays,foralong,longtime可以推斷冰箱磁貼比doorhangers優(yōu)勝

的地方就在于前者更耐用.因此,本題應(yīng)選De

10、Whycantherefrigeratormagnetstayforalongtimeinahome?

A、Becauseitisasareminderformostcustomers.

B、Becausemostcustomersuseitasahouseholdarticle.

C、Becausemostadvertiserscanputameaningfullogoonit.

D、Becauseitcanbeusedasadecorationathome.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第4段倒數(shù)第2、3句舉例說明了冰箱磁貼在家庭中的用處，表明冰

箱磁貼除了起到做廣告的作用外，還被留在家里成了顧客的家居用品，這也就是冰

箱磁貼能得以被顧客保留在家里的最重要的原因，因此，木題應(yīng)選B。

Theeurozone,whichhasadoptedtheeuroasitssolelegalcurrency,isnow15members

largeandhasacombinedpopulationofaround320million.However,manymorepeople

aredirectlyaffectedbytheeuro,fromwould-bememberswhosecurrenciesarealready

nailedtoit,tocountrieslikeMontenegroandKosovowhoseeffectivenationalcurrency

istheeuro.France'sformerAfricancoloniesalsonailtheircommoncurrencytoEurope's.

Thatmeansaround500millionpeoplerelyontheeuroorcuro-nailcdcurrencies.The

euro'stenthanniversarywillseetheeurozonetakeona16thmember,Slovakia.A

furthereightothercentralandeasternEuropeancountrieshavesetthemselvesthegoalof

joiningwithinthenextsixyears,includingPoland,whosepoliticalestablishment

droppeditslongtimeoppositionafterarecentrun（擠兌）onthePolishzloty（thebasic

unitofmoneyinPoland）.Theeurohasfoundsomeotherunexpectedconverts,too,

thankstothefinancialcrisis.TheDanesvotedagainstjoiningtheeurozonein2000,but

theyaresettoholdanotherreferenduminMarch.Iceland—notevenanE.U.member—is

pondering"unilateraleuroization”（單邊歐元化）afterseeingitskronaplungenearly80%

againsttheeurobetweenSeptemberandOctober.Andthebiggestprizeofall,Britain,is

saidtobewanningtotheeuro.BarrosorecentlyclaimedthatLondonis"closerthanever

before"toeurozoneentryandthat"thepeoplewhomatterinBritain"thinkitshould

join.Thatmaybeoverstatingthingsabit,butareportbyresearchgroupChathamHouse

warnsthatastheeurozonegrows,theU.K.risksbeingexcludedfrom"deeperintra-E.U.

（歐盟內(nèi)部的）economicconsultationandcoordination,includinginareasofsignificant

nationalinterest,suchasfinancialmarketregulation."Itdoesn'thelpthatthepoundis

losingitsenergy.Twoyearsago,oneeurowasworthjust0.65.Now,humbledbybank

crashes,governmentaidsandacollapsinghousingmarketthathasforcedmassive

interestratecuts,Europe'scurrencyiswithinapenceortwoofdifferencefromthe

pound."ThedebatehaschangedfromatotalfantasyintheU.K.,"saysJeanPisani-Ferry,

directorofBrussels-basedthinktankBruegel."Thepoliticalobstaclesstillremainstrong,

butithaschangedtheperceptionoftheU.Kastheperfectsystem."

11、ItismentionedinthefirstparagraphthatKosovo.

A、isverylikelytobecomeaeuro-zonemember

reliesontheeuromorethanitsowncurrency

C>takestheeuroasitsonlycurrency

D、nailsitsowncurrencytotheeuro

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第1段第2句中Kosov。后的定語從句可以知道歐元為科索沃真正有

效的貨幣，這就意味著科索沃依賴歐元甚于自己的貨幣，B表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與此相近，

為本題答案。

12、WhathashappenedtothePolishpoliticalestablishment?

A、Theoppositionpartyhasbecometherulingparty.

Thegovernmentusedtobeunconfidentoftheeuro.

C、TherulingpartyhadtotaketheblamefortherunonthePolishzloty.

D、Thegovernmentusedtorefusetoreplaceitscurrencywiththeeuro.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：第2段第2句中Poland后的定語從句中的droppeditslongtime

opposition表明波蘭政府曾經(jīng)反對加入歐元區(qū)，但現(xiàn)在政府放棄了這種立場。而根

據(jù)第1段第1句對歐元區(qū)的定義可以知道加入歐元區(qū)就是接受歐元作為其國內(nèi)唯一

的法定貨幣。據(jù)此可推斷波蘭政府以前反對用歐元代替它原有的法定貨幣，由此可

見，本題應(yīng)選D。

13、WhatdowelearnaboutthesituationofIcelandfromthepassage?

A、Thevalueofitscurrencyhassharplydropped.

B、IthasdecidedtobecomeamemberoftheE.U.

C、TheE.U.declineditsmembershipapplication.

D、Itcanhardlygetthroughthefinancialcrisis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A…J

知識點解析：從第2段最后一句中的itskronaplungenearly80%nJ以知道冰島的貨

幣幣值大幅下降80%,A是對此內(nèi)容的同義改寫，為本題答案。

14、ChathamHousemostprobablyagreesthattheU.K.hadbetter.

A、strengthenitsfinancialmarketregulation

B、cooperatewiththeeurozonemembers

C、takePartIntheeurozonesoon

D、notriskjoiningtheeurozone

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：第3段第3句中的but表達(dá)的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系表明ChathamHouse的報告認(rèn)

為，“在英國舉足輕重的那些人，認(rèn)為英國應(yīng)該加入歐元區(qū)，，雖然有點夸大事實，但并

不是沒有道理的，也就是說，ChathamHouse認(rèn)同英國應(yīng)加入歐元區(qū)。而該句中的

warns,risks等詞表明ChathamHouse警告英國政府要小心不加入歐元區(qū)的后果。

由此可見，ChaihamHouse會認(rèn)為英國應(yīng)盡快加入歐元區(qū)，以免被排除在歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)

事務(wù)以外，因此，本題應(yīng)選C。

15、Howistheeurocomparedwithpoundaccordingtothepassage?

A、Theeuroisworthaboutoneortwopencelessthanthepound.

B、Theeuroisworthaboutoneortwopencemorethanthepound.

CNTheworthoftheeurohasincreasedbyoneortwopence.

D、Theworthoftheeurohasdecreasedbyoneortwopence.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本題考查對最后一段第3句的理解。該句中的wilhinapenceortwoof

differencefrom表明歐元和英鎊的價值只相差一兩個便士，至于兩種貨幣中哪種貨

幣價值比較高，就要看該段第2句，該句表明原先歡元比英鎊匯率為1：0.65,

而經(jīng)過了第3句中提到的一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)上的問題后，歐元和英鎊原先的差距已縮小到

了一兩個便士，由此可見，A是對該句最正確的理解。

Theeurozone,whichhasadoptedtheeuroasitssolelegalcurrency,isnow15members

largeandhasacombinedpopulationofaround320million.However,manymorepeople

aredirectlyaffectedbytheeuro,fromwould-bememberswhosecurrenciesarealready

nailedtoit,tocountrieslikeMontenegroandKosovowhoseeffectivenationalcurrency

istheeuro.France'sformerAfricancoloniesalsonailtheircommoncurrencytoEurope's.

Thatmeansaround500millionpeoplerelyontheeurooreuro-nailedcurrencies.The

euro'stenthanniversarywillseetheeurozonetakeona16thmember,Slovakia.A

furthereightothercentralandeasternEuropeancountrieshavesetthemselvesthegoalof

joiningwithinthenextsixyears,includingPoland,whosepoliticalestablishment

droppeditslongtimeoppositionafterarecentrun（擠兌）onthePolishzloty（thebasic

unitofmoneyinPoland）.Theeurohasfoundsomeotherunexpectedconverts,too,

（hankstothefinancialcrisis.TheDanesvotedagainstjoiningtheeurozonein2000,but

theyaresettoholdanotherreferenduminMarch.Iceland-notevenanE.U.member一is

pondering"unilateralcuroization”（單邊【歡元彳七）afterseeingitskronaplungenearly80%

againsttheeurobetweenSeptemberandOctober.Andthebiggestprizeofall,Britain,is

saidtobewarmingtotheeuro.BarrosorecentlyclaimedthatLondonis"closerthanever

before"toeurozoneentryandthat"thepeoplewhomatterinBritain"thinkitshould

join.Thatmaybeoverstatingthingsabit,butareportbyresearchgroupChathamHouse

warnsthatastheeurozonegrows,theU.K.risksbeingexcludedfrom"deeperintra-E.U.

（歐盟內(nèi)部的）economicconsultationandcoordination,includinginareasofsignificant

nationalinterest,suchasfinancialmarketregulation."Itdoesn'thelpthatthepoundis

losingitsenergy.Twoyearsago,oneeurowasworthjust0.65.Now,humbledbybank

crashes,governmentaidsandacollapsinghousingmarketthathasforcedmassive

interestratecuts,Europe'scurrencyiswithinapenceortwoofdifferencefromthe

pound,"ThedebatehaschangedfromatotalfantasyintheU.K.,"saysJeanPisani-Ferry,

directorofBrussels-basedthinktankBruegel."Thepoliticalobstaclesstillremainstrong,

butithaschangedtheperceptionoftheU.Kastheperfectsystem.,,

16、ItismentionedinthefirstparagraphthatKosovo.

A、isverylikelytobecomeaeuro-zonemember

B、reliesontheeuromorethanitsowncurrency

C、takestheeuroasitsonlycurrency

D、nailsitsowncurrencytotheeuro

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第1段第2句中Kosovo后的定語從句可以知道歐元為科索沃真正有

效的貨幣，這就意味著科索沃依賴歐元甚于自己的貨幣，B表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與此相近，

為本題答案。

17、WhathashappenedtothePolishpoliticalestablishment?

A^Theoppositionpartyhasbecometherulingparty.

BNThegovernmentusedtobeunconfidentoftheeuro.

C、TherulingpartyhadiotaketheblamefortherunonthePolishzloty.

D、Thegovernmentusedtorefusetoreplaceitscurrencywiththeeuro.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：第2段第2句中Poland后的定語從句中的droppeditslongtime

opposition表明波蘭政府曾經(jīng)反對加入歐元區(qū)，但現(xiàn)在政府放棄了這種立場。而根

據(jù)第1段第1句對歐元區(qū)的定義可以知道加入歐元區(qū)就是接受歐元作為其國內(nèi)唯一

的法定貨幣。據(jù)此可推斷波蘭政府以前反對用歐元代替它原有的法定貨幣，由此可

見，本題應(yīng)選D。

WhatdowelearnaboutthesituationofIcelandfromthepassage?

A、ThevalueofitscuiTencyhassharplydropped.

B、IthasdecidedtobecomeamemberoftheE.U.

C、TheE.U.declineditsmembershipapplication.

D^Itcanhardlygetthroughthefinancialcrisis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A…」

知識點解析：從第2段最后一句中的itskronaplungenearly80%nJ以知道冰島的貨

幣幣值大幅下降80%,A是對此內(nèi)容的同義改寫，為本題答案。

19>ChathamHousemostprobablyagreesthattheU.K.hadbetter.

A、strengthenitsfinancialmarketregulation

B、cooperatewiththeeurozonemembers

C、takeEartIntheeurozonesoon

D、notriskjoiningtheeurozone

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：第3段第3句中的but表達(dá)的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系表明ChathamHouse的報告認(rèn)

為…在英國舉足輕重的那些人'認(rèn)為英國應(yīng)該加入歐元區(qū)”雖然有點夸大事實，但并

不是沒有道理的，也就是說，ChathamHouse認(rèn)同英國應(yīng)加入歐元區(qū)。而該句中的

warns,risks等詞表明ChathamHouse警告英國政府要小心不加入歐元區(qū)的后果。

由此可見，ChathamHouse會認(rèn)為英國應(yīng)盡快加入歐元區(qū)，以免被排除在歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)

事務(wù)以外，因此，本題應(yīng)選C。

20、Howistheeurocomparedwithpoundaccordingtothepassage?

A、Theeuroisworthaboutoneortwopencelessthanthepound.

B、Theeuroisworthaboutoneortwopencemorethanthepound.

C、Theworthoftheeurohasincreasedbyoneortwopence.

D、Theworthoftheeurohasdecreasedbyoneortwopence.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本題考查對最后一段第3句的理解。該句中的withinapenceortwoof

differencefrom表明歐元和英鎊的價值只相差一兩個便士，至于兩種貨幣中哪種貨

幣價值比較高.就要看該段第2句，該句表明原先歡元比英鎊匯率為I：0.65.

而經(jīng)過了第3句中提到的一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)上的問題后，歐元和英鎊原先的差距已縮小到

了一兩個便士，由此可見，A是對該句最正確的理解。

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedinunfamiliarsurrounding

isaphenomenonknownasthe"first-night"effect.Ifapersonstaysinthesameroomthe

followingnighttheytendtosleepmoresoundly.YukaSasakiandhercolleaguesat

BrownUniversitysetouttoinvestigatetheoriginsofthiseffect.Dr.Sasakiknewthe

first-nighteffectprobablyhassomethingtodowithhowhumansevolved.Thepuzzle

wasthatbenefitwouldbegainedfromitwhenperformancemightbeaffectedthe

followingday.Shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthat

theseanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainstosleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhile

remainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators（捕食者）.Thisledhertowonderifpeople

mightbedoingthesamething.Totakeacloserlook,herteamstudied35healthypeople

astheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentoftheuniversity'sDepartmentof

PsychologicalSciences.Theparticipantseachsleptin（hedepartmentfortwonightsand

werecarefullymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.Dr.

Sasakifound,asexpected,theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydid

ontheirsecond,takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepinglessoverall.

Duringdeepsleep,theparticipants'brainsbehavedinasimilarmannerseeninbirdsand

dolphins.Onthefirstnightonly,thelefthemispheres（半球）oftheirbrainsdidnotsleep

nearlyasdeeplyastheirrighthemispheresdid.Curiousifthelefthemisphereswere

indeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment.

Dr.Sasakire-rantheexperimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixof

regularlytimedbeeps（蜂鳴聲）ofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttone

duringthenight.Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalerttokeep

guardinastrangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirring

peoplefromsleepandwouldignoretheregularlytimedones.Thisispreciselywhatshe

found.

1、Whatdidresearchersfindpuzzlingaboutthefirst-nighteffect?

A、Towhatextentitcantroublepeople.

Whatroleithasplayedinevolution.

C>Whatcircumstancesmaytriggerit.

D、Inwhatwayilcanbebeneficial.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D'

知識點解析；細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞puzzling、thefirst-nighteffect定位到第二段

第二句Thepuzzlewasthatbenefitwouldbegainedfromitwhenperformancemightbe

affectedthefollowingdav（令他困惑的是，初夜效應(yīng)可能會導(dǎo)致人們第二天沒有好的

表現(xiàn)，那它又能帶來什么好處呢?）。故D項“產(chǎn)生什么好處”符合題意。A項“它給

人帶來麻煩”，B項”它在進(jìn)化過程中扮演怎樣的角色”和C項“怎樣的環(huán)境會刺激

它''均不是佐木博士感到困惑之處。

2、WhatdowclearnaboutDr.YukaSasakidoingherresearch?

A、Shefoundbirdsanddolphinsremainalertwhileasleep.

Shefoundbirdsanddolphinssleepinmuchthesameway.

C>Shegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsanddolphins.

D、Sheconductedstudiesonbirds'anddolphins,sleepingpatterns.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Dr.YukaSasaki和herresearch定位到文中

第二段第三、四句Shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphins

thattheseanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainstosleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhile

remainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators.Thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbe

doingthesamethingo由此可知，C項“她從之前的關(guān)于鳥類和海豚的研究中得到啟

發(fā)''符合題意。A項“她發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥類和海豚在睡覺的時候能夠保持警覺”和B項”她發(fā)現(xiàn)

鳥類和海豚幾乎有著相同的唾覺的方式''均不是佐木博士的發(fā)現(xiàn)。文中只是提到佐

木博士從之前的研究中得到啟發(fā)，并不意味著她對鳥類和海豚的睡眠方式進(jìn)行了研

究，故D項“她對鳥類和海豚的睡眠方式進(jìn)行了研究“可排除。

3、WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenshefirstdidherexperiment?

A^Shemonitoredthebrainaciiviiyofpanicipantssleepinginanewenvironment.

B、Sherecruited35participantsfromherDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.

C、She-studiedthedifferencesbetweenthetwosidesofparticipants,brains.

D^Shetestedherfindingsaboutbirdsanddolphinsonhumansubjects.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題卜關(guān)鍵詞Dr.Sasaki、first和herexperiment定位到

第二段第六句Theparticipantseachsleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwere

carefullymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrainso其中，A

項中的monitored在原文中復(fù)現(xiàn)，A項“她監(jiān)測參與者在新環(huán)境下睡覺時大腦的活動

情況”符合題意。B項“妙從心里科學(xué)系招募了35名參與者”，原文僅指出實驗地點

在心理科學(xué)系，并沒有提及參與者的出處，故排除。C、D兩項在文中均沒提及。

4、WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenre-runningherexperiment?

A、Sheanalyzedthenegativeeffectofirregulartonesonbrains.

B、Sherecordedparticipants'adaptationtochangedenvironment.

C^Sheexposedherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli.

D、Shecomparedtheresponsesofdifferentparticipants.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題「關(guān)鍵詞Dr.Sasaki和re-running定位到第三段第一

句...Dr.Sasakire-rantheexperimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswitha

mixofregularlytimedbeepsofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttone

duringthenighto由此可成，C項“她讓參與者處于兩種不同的聲音刺激卜”符合題

意。A項“她分析不規(guī)律的音節(jié)對大腦產(chǎn)生的不良影響”和B項“她記錄參與者對環(huán)

境改變的適應(yīng)性”在原文中均未提及，故排除。

5、WhatdidDr.Sasakifindabouttheparticipantsinherexperiment?

A^Theytendedtoenjoycertaintonesmorethanothers.

B、Theytendedtoperceiveirregularbeepsasathreat.

C>Theyleltsleepywhenexposedtoregularbeeps.

D^Theydifferedintheirtoleranceofirregulartones.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Dr.Sasaki,findabout定位到第三段第二

句Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalerttokeepguardina

strangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefrom

sleep…（她發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果左腦在陌生的環(huán)境下為了防衛(wèi)而保持警覺，那么它會對這種

不規(guī)律的蜂鳴聲有所反應(yīng)，使人們在睡夢中驚醒……），故B項“他們將不規(guī)律的蜂

鳴聲當(dāng)作一種威脅”符合題意。A項“他們比其他人更喜歡某種音調(diào)”，C項“當(dāng)他們

聽到規(guī)律的蜂鳴聲，就會瞌睡”并未在原文中提及。D項“他們對不同的不規(guī)律的音

調(diào)的容忍程度不同”，實驗在對比了在規(guī)律刺激下和不規(guī)律刺激下的不同反應(yīng)，故

D項排除。

Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscience,itis

impossibletopredict.IfthetilingstobeR）undareactuallynew,theyaiebydefinition

unknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceor

youdon't,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpieces

ofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.Theonlysolidpieceof

scientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorant

aboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsof

biology.Itis,initsway,anilluminatingpieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthe

brightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment（啟蒙運(yùn)動）tobetoldbyanyofushow

littlewcknowandhowbewildering（迷惑）seemsthewayahead.Itisthissudden

confrontation（對抗）wilhthedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemost

significantcontributionofthe20ihcenturyscienceiothehumanintellect.Inearlier

times,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,or

simplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,we

aregettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.

Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotally

ignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspots

andhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnoreven

anytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobe

somesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbe

answered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,there

maywellbequestionswecan'tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhuman

intellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourway

throughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.

6、Weconfrontedwithignorancebytoday.

A^pretendingtounderstandhowthingsworked

BNtotallyignoringtheproblem

C、exploringitinearnest

D^simplymakingupstoriestofillthegaps

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第三段第二句提到，人類早期通過三種方式來掩蓋自己

的無知，weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblemo

orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps,即選項A、B、D中提到的內(nèi)容，而C項是

現(xiàn)在人們解決問題的方式，故選C。

7、Accordingtothepassage,goodsciencemeans.

A、somethingthatwillhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance

B、producingresultswhichcannotbeforeseen

C>bringingaboutdisturbingresults

D、somethingsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18lhcenluryEnlightenment

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第一段第一句提到，ifitisreallygoodscience,itis

impossibletopredict,即好的科學(xué)是不可預(yù)測的，B選項符合題意，故選B。

8、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsscienceis.

A^negative

B、confident

C^depressed

D、doubtful

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：推斷題。文中最后一段第一句提到，Butwearemakingabeginning,

andthcrcoughttobesomesatisfaction,接下來又提到，可能遇到的困難；最后一句

提到I,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers?？梢娮髡邔萍?/p>

的發(fā)展是很有信心的，故選B。

9、Accordingtothepassage,whichoneaboutscientistsinearliertimesisNottrue?

A、Theyinventedstoriestoexplainthingstheydicin'tunderstand.

Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowhowthingsworked.

C、Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation.

D、Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn'tunderstand.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：推斷題。關(guān)于早期