選擇性必修第二冊UNIT4HUMOUR(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(★)TheGoldRush(1925)CharlieChaplinastheLittleTrampeatshisshoeforThanksgivingdinnerwhiletrappedinasnowstorminthisendearingsilentfilmclassicfrom1925.Watchthisoneifyou’reinthemoodtoseealeathershoepreparedandeatenasifitwereadeliciousturkey.Itmakesyouthankfulforwhatyouhave!ACharlieBrownThanksgiving(1973)ReturntotheiconicmomentwhenLucypullsthefootballawayfromCharlieBrownrightashe’sabouttokickit.Lifeishard，butinthisanimatedfilm，sweetnesswinswhenthePeanutsgrouppreparesaThanksgivingfeast，completewithjellybeans.Planes，TrainsandAutomobiles(1987)ThisJohnHughescomedystarringSteveMartinandJohnCandyisalreadyaThanksgivingclassicformany.Nealendsupreroutingtheplanebecauseofasnowstorm.AshestrugglestofindawayhomeforThanksgiving，hegetsstuckwithextremelypositiveDel.OneTrueThing(1998)MerylStreepwasnominated(提名)foranAcademyAwardforherperformanceinthismovieasawifeandmomwhostruggleswithcancer.RenéeZellwegerplaysthegrowndaughterwhohastocomehometohelpwiththeholiday.Thetwotrytoholdthefamilytogether，especiallyduringatenseThanksgivingmealwhenguestsgetalltheattention.1．WhatcouldTheGoldRushremindmanyviewersof?A．Historyoffootballgames.B．Originofanimatedfilms.C．Thankfulnessforsomethingyouhave.D．Sweetmemoriesofgoodolddays.2．WhichfilmbestsuitspeoplewhowanttoseeaThanksgivingfeastwithjellybeans?A．TheGoldRush. B．Planes，TrainsandAutomobiles.C．OneTrueThing. D．ACharlieBrownThanksgiving.3．Whatdothesefourfilmshaveincommon?A．Theytellinterestingfamilystories. B．Theydescribetheholidayactivities.C．TheyareallrelatedtoThanksgiving. D．Theyareallbasedontheauthors’ownlives.B(★)Patientsanddoctorsalikehavelongbelievedinthehealing(治療)powerofhumor.Itisclaimedthathumornotonlyaffectspatients’moods，butcanactuallyhelpthemrecoverfaster.Severalstudiesseemtosupportthis.Patientsinbetterspiritsareknowntohavealargernumberofimmunecells.Somehaveevenclaimedtohavehealedthemselvesofseriousillnessesbyreadingcomicsandwatchingcomedies.Despiteallthis，manyresearchersarenotconvinced.Theypointoutthefactthatmanysufferingshavebeenknowntodisappearnaturally，withorwithoutadailydoseoflaughter.Theyalsosaythatwhileoptimismingeneraldoesseemtoberelatedtobetterhealth，itishardtotellwhichcomesfirst.Humorintimesofstress，however，clearlymakesusfeelbetter.Ononelevel，ittakesourmindsoffourtroublesandrelaxesus.Onanother，itreleasespowerfulendorphins，achemicalproducedbyyourbodythatreducespain.Therearecaseswheretheappreciationofagoodjokeisindeeddirectlyrelatedtoaperson’shealth.Itcanshow，forexample，whetherapersonhassuffereddamagetooneparticularareaofthebrain：therightfrontallobe(額葉)．Scientistsconfirmedthisbyhavingpeoplereadjokesandaskingthemtochoosethefunniestendingsfromalist.Subjectswithnormalbrainsusuallychoseendingsthatwerebasedonarelativelycomplexsynthesis(綜合)ofideas.Subjectswithspecificallylocatedbraindamage，however，respondedonlytoslapstick(鬧劇)endings，whichdidnotdependonaparticularcontext.Whenpressed，thebrain-damagedsubjectssawthelogicinthecorrectendings.Theysimplydidnotfindthemfunny.Ofcourse，humorislargelyanindividualmatter.Nexttimeyourfrienddoesnotgetoneofyourjokes，thereisnoneedtoaccusehimofbeingalamebrain.However，youmightsuggestthathelightenup—forthehealthofit.4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Allresearchershaveagreedonthehealingpowerofhumor.B．Peopleseldomaccusetheirfriendsofnotunderstandingjokes.C．Theauthorholdsapositiveattitudetothehealingpowerofhumor.D．Readingcomicswillsurelybecomeapopularwayoftreatingdiseases.5．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．Manyresearchersarenotconvincedofthehealingpowerofhumor.B．Patientsinbadmoodsareknowntohavehigherimmunecellcounts.C．Optimismingeneraldoesseemtoberelatedtobetterhealth.D．Peopleshouldtrytheirbesttocheerupfortheirgoodhealth.6．Whydidscientistshavesomepeoplereadjokesandaskthemtochoosethefunniestendingsfromalist?A．Toconfirmthatthebrain-damagedpeoplearedifferentfromthosewithnormalbrains.B．Toconfirmthatapersonwithanormalbrainusuallyrespondstoslapstickendings.C．Toconfirmthatapersonsufferingcertainbraindamagedoesn’tappreciateagoodjoke.D．Toconfirmthathumortakesourmindsoffourtroublesbyreleasingpowerfulendorphins.7．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhichComesFirst，HumororHealth?B．HumorCanCureDifferentIllnessesC．PeopleNeedHumorinTimesofStressD．HumorContributestoGoodHealthCFooddesertsaregenerallyclassifiedasgeographicregionswherepeoplehavefeworlimitedoptionstopurchasenutritiousandaffordablefoodslikevegetablesandfruits.Fooddesertsaffectlow-incomeareasfarfromsupermarkets.Over23millionAmericansliveinlow-incomeareaslocatedmorethanonemilefromafoodstore.Over11millionpeoplelivingintheseregionsarethemselveslow-income.Whilepeopleinfooddesertsmayhaveeasieraccesstoconveniencestoresandfastfood，theyexperiencemorechallengesinshoppingatlargegrocerystoresthatofferamorecomprehensive(全面的)selectionofhealthyfoodsatlowerprices.Thisinequalityinfoodaccessmeansthatfamilies，children，andcommunitieslivinginfooddesertsmaybeatincreasedriskofobesityandotherdiet-relatedhealthissues，includingdiabetesandcardiovasculardisease.Whiletheexistingliteratureonthelackofaccessible，affordablefoodshasnotreachedaconsensusontherootcausesoffooddeserts，severalfactorsareregularlyrecognized.Urbanareaslackingaccesstofreshfoodsaregenerallydividedbyracialandeconomiclines.Dietsrichinmorenutritiousfoodscostaround$1.50moreperday.Forindividualsandfamilieslivingpaychecktopaycheck，thiscostdifferencecansignificantlyimpacttheirfoodchoices.Forpeoplelivinginthecountryside，theymusttravelmanymilestotheneareststore；alackofaccesstoavehicleandlimitedornonexistentpublictransportationcontributetofoodaccessibilitychallenges.Lackofbusinessinvestmentalsoplaysabigpart.Whenlargefoodstoresconsiderpossiblelocations，low-incomeareascanappeartobe“toorisky”ofaninvestment.Moreeconomicallydepressed(蕭條的)areascanincreaseabusiness’sinsuranceandsecuritycosts.Evenpublicutility(設施)challenges，likepoorlymaintainedroads，canpreventbigcompaniesfromsettingupshopsinneighborhoodsthatmostneedtheirgoodsandservices，accordingtoHarvardBusinessReview.Thesemarketconditionshaveagreateffectonfoodaccessibilityforhigh-povertyregions.8．Whatdoweknowaboutafooddesert?A．Agricultureisimpossiblethere.B．Peopletherearetoopoortofeedthefamily.C．Manyfastfoodrestaurantsarelocatedthere.D．Peopletherehavelimitedaccesstohealthyfoods.9．Whatisakeyreasonforfooddeserts?A．Poorhealthcare. B．Alowincome.C．Businessfailure. D．Dangerousenvironment.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consensus”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Abalanceddiet. B．Ageneralagreement.C．Acontributingfactor. D．Aninspiringachievement.11.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Thecausesoffooddeserts.B．Waystomakefoodchoices.C．Theproblemswithtransportation.D．Principlesofbusinessinvestment.Ⅱ.七選五Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip，avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall，thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld’scivilization，gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.1Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew，ateveryage！Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific？2There，youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired！Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion’shistory，scientificachievements，majorculturalevents，andofcourse，dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts，industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.3Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat，museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities，interactiveandknowledge-based.M