選擇性必修第二冊UNIT5EDUCATION(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AHerearethebestartconteststoenterin2023.ArtistsMagazineAnnualArtCompetitionThiscontestseekstoencouragefutureartists.Kidsunder16areencouragedtosubmittwo-dimensionalartworkincludingpaintings，drawings，computer-generatedartwork，photographs，andmoretotheirrepresentativesforconsideration，wherevertheyare.Entriesareacceptedonlineeachspring.Thefeesare$20foreachentry.ThewinnerswillhavetheirartworkpubliclydisplayedattheCapitolforayear，andarealsohonoredatanaward.TheChelseaFineArtsCompetitionFor30years，thisannualartcontesthasawardedworldwidevisualartists.Thiscontestisopentovisualartistsfromaroundtheworldatanystageoftheircareerswhoareatleast18yearsofage.TheentryperiodisfromMarch3rduntilJune3rd.There’safeeforentering：$40fortwopiecesofartwork.There’sanearlybirdperiodwithareducedfeeforentries.DoodleforGoogleArtContestThisannualcontestgivesexposureandsupporttopeoplearoundtheglobewhousetechnologytocreateartwork.Asidefromtheprizes，thiscontestalsoinvolvesexhibitionsandeventstoraiseawareness.Theentryfeesare$50foruptofiveimagesand$5foreachadditionalimage.Thedeadlineforentriesandfeesisinmid-March.TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsTheartcontestisopentostudentswhoareatleast13yearsoldfromSeptembertoDecember.Nofeeischargedforthiscontest.Winnersareselectedinthevisualandliteraryartsonthebasisoforiginalityandtechnicalskillandwillreceiveprizesthatincludepublication，exhibition，andeducationalscholarshipsworthupto$10,000.1．Whatdothefirsttwocontestshaveincommon?A．Theychargedifferently.B．Theyareintendedforteenagers.C．Theyofferareducedfeeforbeginners.D．Theyareinternationalcontest.2．HowmuchshouldbepaidforsevenentriesforDoodleforGoogleArtContest?A．$50.B．$55.C．$60.D．$65.3．WhatmakesTheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsspecial?A．Teenagerscansignupforfree. B．Thiscontestisheldeveryyear.C．Onlyteenagerscanenterforit.D．Prizewinnerswillmakeaspeech.B(★)Therearesomethingsmoneycan’tbuy.Education，however，doesnotappeartobeamongthem—atleastasmeasuredbyperformanceoninternationalexams.AnewstudybyHarvardUniversityoffersstrongevidencethatthewealthofacountryaffectsexamresultsjustasmuchasthewealthofapupil’shouseholddoes.Onaverage，pupilsinwealthycountriesobtainvastlyhighertestscoresthanthoseindevelopingones.Evaluatingtestscoresaroundtheworldisharderthanitsounds.Althoughpupilsintherichworldmostlytakeoneofafewbiginternationalexams，manydevelopingcountriesrelyonregionaltests，makingapples-to-applescomparisonsimpossible.Researchersorganizedanexamin2016for2,314childreninIndia，whichincludedbothquestionsfromtheleadingtestsandonestakenfromsmallerexams.Usinganswersfromthesamepupilsonthesamedaytoquestionsfromdifferenttests，theybuiltastatisticalmodeltheycalleda“RosettaStone”．Itcantranslatescoresfromarangeofexams—suchasoneusedonlyinwestAfrica—intoanequalmarkonothercommoninternationaltests.Theythenusedtheseequations(等式)toestimatehowpupilsin80differentcountrieswouldfareonthebenchmark(基準)TrendsinInternationalMathematicsandScienceStudy(TIMSS)．Theirdatashowthatthewealthofastudent’scountryandfamilyhavesimilarimpactsontestscores—meaningthatbiggapsinGDPperpersonmattermorethansmallonesinhouseholdincomedo.Forexample，pupilsfromfamiliesthatareverypoorbyrich-worldstandards—thoseearning$5,000ayear—areexpectedtoscorearound500outof1,000ontheTIMSSinAmerica，and560inJapan.Incontrast，thosewhoseparentsmake$10,000ayearinanupper-middleincomecountrycanonlygettheequivalent(等值)ofa475.Theinfluenceofparentalearningsisnotconstant.Richpeopletendtoeducatetheirchildrenprivatelyinplaceswherewealthisconcentrated，suchasBrazil.However，incountrieswithrelativelyflatincomedistributions，likeCroatia，pupilsfromdifferentsocialclassesaremorelikelytoattendthesameschools.Thiscouldreducetheimpactoffamilywealthontestscores.4．Whyisithardtoevaluatetheexamscoresonagloballevel?A．Becausethetypesofexamsvarywithcountries.B．Becausemanyrichcountriesrefuseregionaltests.C．Becausethewealthofacountryaffectsexamresults.D．Becausenointernationalexamisavailabletopoorareas.5．Whydidtheresearchersestablisha“RosettaStone”？A．Tointegratedifferentexamsintoacommonone.B．Toevaluatedifferentexamswithdistinctapproaches.C．Tofixthestandardoftheexamsindifferentcountries.D．Toturnscoresofdifferentexamsintoanequivalentmark.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Poorstudentstendtobeacademicallysuperiortorichones.B．Studentsfromrichfamilieswilldefinitelygethighergrades.C．Theinfluenceoffamilyincomeonstudentsisrelatedtocircumstances.D．Peoplewithhighsocialstatusaremorelikelytoeducatetheirchildrenprivately.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Educationissomethingmoneycan’tbuy.B．Thewealthofacountrymattersforeducation.C．Familyincomeplaysanimportantroleineducation.D．Astatisticalmodelhelpstoevaluatetheexamscores.C(★)Definitionsofadultlearningvary，butitisusuallydefinedasallformsoflearningundertakenbyadultsafterhavingleftinitialeducationandtraining，howeverfarthisprocessmayhavegone.Educationandtrainingareimportantfactorsforachievingthestrategyobjectivesofraisingeconomicgrowthcompetitivenessandsocialinclusion.However，withsomeexceptions，theprocessofimplementingeducationandtrainingremainsweak.Mosteducationandtrainingsystemsarestilllargelyfocusedontheeducationandtrainingofyoungpeopleandlimitedprogresshasbeenmadeinchangingsystemstomirrortheneedforlearningthroughoutthelifespan.Anadditional4millionadultswouldneedtoparticipateinlifelonglearning.Recentresearchconfirmstheimportanceofinvestinginadultlearning.Theresearchonadultsindicatesthatthosewhoengageinlearningarehealthier，withaconsequentreductioninhealthcarecosts.ThebigeconomicchallengeinEuropeistoraiseitsgrowthandemploymentperformancewhilepreservingsocialcohesion(凝聚力)．Therapidprogressinotherregionsoftheworldshowstheimportanceofcreative，advancedandqualityeducationandtrainingaskeyfactorsofeconomiccompetitiveness.Generallevelsofcompetencemustincrease，bothtomeettheneedsofthelabourmarketandtoallowcitizenstofunctionwellintoday’ssociety.Europeisfacingbigdemographic(人口的)changesthatwillhaveamajorimpactonsocietyandontheeconomyandconsequentlyoneducationandtrainingprovisionandneeds.Overthenext30years，thenumberofyoungerEuropeanswillfallby15%.OneinthreeEuropeanswillbeover60yearsold，andaboutoneintenwillbeover80.Giventhechallengesidentifiedabove，raisingtheoveralllevelofskillsoftheadultpopulationbyofferingmoreandbetterlearningopportunitiesthroughoutadultlifeisimportantforbothefficiencyandequityreasons.Notonlydoeslifelonglearninghelpmakeadultsmoreefficientworkersandmoreactivecitizens，italsocontributestotheirpersonalwell-being.8．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“implementing”inparagraph2?A．Carryingout.B．Takingin.C．Knowingabout.D．Lookingover.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A．Adultshavereducedhealthcarecosts. B．Learningisgoodforadults’health.C．Fewadultsneedtoreceivelearning. D．Moreresearcheswillfocusonlearning.10．WhatproblemdoesEuropefaceaccordingtothetext?A．Europeansarenothealthy. B．ManyoldEuropeanshavedied.C．TheEuropeanpopulationisaging. D．YoungEuropeansareoutofwork.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A．Lifelonglearningisessential.B．Raisingadultpopulationissignificant.C．Weshouldhelpmoreefficientworkers.D．Workcontributestopersonalwell-being.Ⅱ.七選五(★)(2023·新課標Ⅱ)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia，I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately，thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember，though，whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes，portraits，orlandscapes，paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.2