試卷第=page44頁(yè)，共=sectionpages77頁(yè)專題08名詞性從句一：知識(shí)講解根據(jù)高二學(xué)業(yè)水平考試的要求，名詞性從句是必考且重要的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，在復(fù)合句中能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。以下是對(duì)名詞性從句考點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)歸納，以表格形式呈現(xiàn)，并配有例句和重難點(diǎn)分析。高中學(xué)考名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)表名詞性從句主要由三類連接詞引導(dǎo)，其核心是語(yǔ)序必須用陳述語(yǔ)序。從句類型連接詞功能與說(shuō)明典型例句考查重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)主語(yǔ)從句that,whether,連接代詞,連接副詞在句中作主語(yǔ)。that

只起連接作用，無(wú)意義且不充當(dāng)成分。1.

Thathewillsucceed

iscertain.(that不充當(dāng)成分，只引導(dǎo))

2.

Whetherwewillgo

dependsontheweather.(whether意為“是否”)

3.

Whatweneed

ismoretime.(what在從句中作need的賓語(yǔ))

4.

Wherehehasgone

isunknown.(where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))難點(diǎn)1:形式主語(yǔ)it：為避免“頭重腳輕”，常用Itis+adj./n.+that從句結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.

It

iscertain

thathewillsucceed.難點(diǎn)2:that

在主語(yǔ)從句中不能省略。賓語(yǔ)從句that,if/whether,連接代詞,連接副詞在句中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。1.Ithink

(that)youareright.(that可省略)

2.Iwonder

if/whethershewillcome.(在賓語(yǔ)從句中，if≈whether)

3.Canyoutellme

whoisondutytoday?(who在從句中作主語(yǔ))4.Hetoldme

whereIcouldfindthebook.(where作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))5.Iaminterestedin

whatyouhavesaid.(作介詞賓語(yǔ))核心考點(diǎn)1:三要素：連接詞、陳述語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。核心考點(diǎn)2:ifvswhether：-介詞后只能用

whether。(e.g.Itdependson

whether...)-后接ornot時(shí)，多用

whether。(e.g.Idon'tknow

whether

ornotheisready.)核心考點(diǎn)3:時(shí)態(tài)：主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句需用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（客觀真理除外）。表語(yǔ)從句that,whether,asif,連接代詞,連接副詞在系動(dòng)詞（be,seem,remain等）后作表語(yǔ)。1.Thefactis

thatwehavelostthegame.

2.Thequestionis

whetherwecangetthereontime.

3.Thatis

whyIwaslate.(why作原因狀語(yǔ))

4.Helooks

asifhehadseenaghost.(asif引導(dǎo)，表“好像”)重點(diǎn):連接詞that在表語(yǔ)從句中通常不能省略。

難點(diǎn):區(qū)分that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句Itis...that...。同位語(yǔ)從句that,whether跟在抽象名詞（fact,news,idea,hope,belief等）后，解釋說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。1.Thenews

thatourteamhadwon

madeushappy.(that解釋news的內(nèi)容，不充當(dāng)成分)

2.Ihavenoidea

whetherhewillcomeornot.最大難點(diǎn):同位語(yǔ)從句vs定語(yǔ)從句：

-

引導(dǎo)詞that：在同位語(yǔ)從句中，that是連詞，不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接作用。在定語(yǔ)從句中，that是關(guān)系代詞，必須充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。-

意義：同位語(yǔ)從句是解釋內(nèi)容（=）；定語(yǔ)從句是修飾限定（…的）。對(duì)比:-Theidea

thatheproposed

isgood.(定語(yǔ)從句，that作proposed的賓語(yǔ)，指“他提出的那個(gè)想法”)

-Theidea

thatweshouldgocamping

isgood.(同位語(yǔ)從句，that不充當(dāng)成分，指“我們應(yīng)該去野營(yíng)”這個(gè)想法本身)連接詞的選擇（解題關(guān)鍵）這是考查名詞性從句的核心。選擇哪個(gè)連接詞，取決于從句本身缺少什么成分。解題步驟：找到從句部分。分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整。不缺成分（主謂賓齊全）：用

that

(表陳述事實(shí))或

whether/if

(表“是否”)。缺主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)（指“物”）：用

what;（指“人”）：用

who。缺定語(yǔ)（表示“誰(shuí)的”）：用

whose。缺狀語(yǔ)：缺時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：用

when缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：用

where缺原因狀語(yǔ)：用

why缺方式狀語(yǔ)：用

how陳述語(yǔ)序名詞性從句一律使用陳述句語(yǔ)序（主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后），永遠(yuǎn)不能用疑問(wèn)句倒裝語(yǔ)序。錯(cuò)誤:Idon'tknowwhereisthelibrary.正確:Idon'tknow

wherethelibraryis.時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)如果主句謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí)，則賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)等）。例外：如果從句表示的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象，則時(shí)態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g.Theteachertoldusthat

lighttravels

fasterthansound.if與whether的區(qū)別學(xué)考中，以下幾點(diǎn)是高頻考點(diǎn)，必須牢記只能用whether

的情況：正式語(yǔ)境中，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。后直接接

ornot

時(shí)。備考建議：分析成分：遇到名詞性從句的題目，首先分析從句部分是否缺少成分，這是選擇連接詞的王道。熟記規(guī)則：牢記只能用whether的四種情況以及時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的規(guī)則。對(duì)比辨析：重點(diǎn)理解和練習(xí)同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別，這是最大的難點(diǎn)。檢查語(yǔ)序：寫(xiě)完句子后，一定要檢查從句部分是否是陳述語(yǔ)序。二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練1．—Excuseme,doyouknowIcanbuysomemedicine?—Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.2．Youcanfindoutornottheyarepreparedtosharethecostoftheflowerswithyou.3．ItisoneoftheChinesetraditionalvirtuestobegratefultohasbeenkindandhelpfultous.4．Makesureyoucanarriveatthecinemaontime.5．Hedidn’tcatchthebus.That’shewaslateforschool.6．Discussyouknowabouthiminpairs.7．Wordcametheoutingwouldbeputoff.8．Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply;thatispartlypeoplearedrivingmore.9．Hesaysthebookisveryinterestingandallthechildrenliketoreadit.10．Mymothersuddenlyfellill.That’sIdidn’tappear.11．Thefacttheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyearsworriesmanyscientists.12．Theexhibitiontellsusweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution.13．Ihadnoideahewenthome,perhapsbybike.14．ThereisadangerImaynotbeabletotellthesefriendsarerealfriends.15．Thefeartheculturalheritagewillnotexistifitisnotprotectedraisesmoreconcerns.16．wantstobeavolunteerinthesportsmeetingshouldgetpreparedbeforethisFriday.17．Hedidn’tcometothemeetingyesterday.Thatwashehadtotakehisbrothertohospital.18．Whatmotivatedmewasthepromiseonedaymydreamswouldcometrue.19．Peoplebelievearrivingatyourfriend’shomeearlyispoliteinChina.20．Inmanyways,themagicofAIisit’snotsomethingyoucanseeortouch.21．Nowadaysconsumersbecomemoreandmorepracticalandbuyonlytheyneed.22．Drivenbythebeliefhumansshouldlivewithotherspeciesinpeace,heusesreusedwood(make)housesforbirdswhereverhegoes.23．Hehasheartdisease.Thatitwashehasbeensmokingtoomuch.24．Bobpassedthedrivingtestyesterdaymadehimexcited.25．Theteachersaidthatthesun(rise)fromtheeast.26．Ican’tdenyweneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.27．Hefailedtheexam.That’shelookssounhappy.28．madeherashamedwasthatherhusbandwascaughtsmokinginthemuseum.29．Ididn’tunderstandthiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.30．Weareinterestedinyouwillattendthemeeting.31．PerhapscontrarytoweusedtothinkoftheUShighschoolstudents,theypaymoreattentiontotheiracademicperformancetotrytogetintoadistinguisheduniversity.32．Itrulybelievebeautycomesfromwithin.33．IreceivedamessageIhadtoattendthemeeting.34．TheonlyreasonIcamewasIwantedtomeetyourfriends.35．Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingyou'reafraidtodo.36．ButthegreatestmysteryofalliscausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.37．diditshouldberesponsibleforit.38．Comparedwiththeescapeddriver,IamproudofIdid.39．Inmyopinion,seemseasyatfirstoftenturnsouttobedifficultintheend.40．It’simportantXieLeikeepsabalancebetweenherstudiesandhersociallife.41．Ihavenoideawecandotodealwiththiswastematerialsinthefuture.42．Onethingtorememberisit'stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.43．engagesinkillingandtradingwildanimalswillbepunished.44．Idon’tdoubttheworkwillbefinishedinlessthanoneweek.45．mathematicsisoneofthemostusefulsectionsinhumanknowledgeiswidelyaccepted.46．Thewisemanknowsheknowsnothing;thefoolthinksheknowsall.47．shepassedtheexamwithflyingcolorssurprisedeveryoneintheclass.?48．Havingapositiveattitudeandmakingfulluseofthebenefitsthatthenewsortofcompetitionbringstousarereallycounts.49．Itistruetheprojectwascompletedjustinoneyear.50．Tomwaslateforworkthismorning.Thatisheoverslept.51．Youmustkeepinmindheismuchyoungerthanyou.52．Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith.53．WhatIwanttoknowisornotyouhavelostfaithinme.54．AsfarasIamconcerned,madehimpanicwasthathispersonalinformationwasletoutbyothersonline.55．Thereasonsomepeoplepaymoreattentiontotheirappearanceistheycaremuchmoreaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofthem.56．Heseemedtotakeitforgrantedheshouldspeakasarepresentative.57．Trytomakesensewhatyouseeandwonderaboutmakestheuniverseexist.58．Thereissomethingwrongwithhiswatchandthatisheissometimeslateforclass.59．Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.60．Wecanobserveartificialintelligencehasalreadymadeanimpactonourlivesinmanyways.61．Inmyopinion,mattersiswhetherwecanwintogetherasateaminsteadofindividuals.62．That’sIleftsoearly.63．Theproblemiswecangettoreplaceher.64．Afterfinishingyourreport,youshouldalwaysacknowledgeyougotyourdatabyattachingalistofthewebsitesyougotyourinformationfrom.65．Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit’slongbeenassumedhumanancestorsweresmarterthantheNeanderthals.66．Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon________themeetingwouldbepostponed.67．MrLisaysthatheistoooldandhewillretirenextmonth.68．Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeisshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.69．Thisiswhythereisasayingifyouwantsomethingdone,askabusypersontodoit.70．Someexperts,however,hadafeelingitwaspossible.71．Althoughrepetitionhelpsmemory,psychologistsdoubtithelpslong-termmemory.72．Imadeitaconditioneverybodymustbeontime.73．weusedtoseeassomethingimpossibleisnowbecomingareality.74．AirpollutionismostChinesepeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirhealthisbeingthreatened.75．Asaresult,adecisionismadetokillthewolves,(ignore)thewarningwolvesprotectthegrasslandfromtheinvasionofhares,ratsandotheranimals.76．Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatishedidnotseeitlastnight.77．Idoubthehastheabilitytodoitwell.78．Iwondermakesthisdecisionandhowtheycometotheirconclusion.79．—Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!—I’mnottoblame,mum.Iamyouhavemademe.80．Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknowittakestostartabusinesshere.81．Pleaseidentifythewordsindicate:anorder,arequest,abilityorpossibility.82．Hecanwellrememberhappytheywerewhentheyfoundthetreestheyhadplantedinthedesertmadeit.83．ThereasonwasIlackedconfidenceinmyself.84．Thatiswearelookingforwardto.85．youarecomingtoBeijingisthebestnewsIhaveheardforalongtime.86．Heworksveryhard.Itisnowonderhewonmanyprizes.87．partofthecountryhewilltraveltoalonethissummer