初中英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)集定語從句是初中英語語法的核心模塊之一，也是中考重點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容。通過分層訓(xùn)練+易錯點(diǎn)拆解，我們將從“概念辨析→關(guān)系詞選擇→語篇運(yùn)用”逐步突破，幫你建立清晰的從句邏輯，提升實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。一、知識梳理：定語從句核心要點(diǎn)在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞/代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的詞（名詞/代詞）叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞（分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。1.關(guān)系代詞（指代先行詞+在從句中作成分+連接主從句）that：指人/物，作主/賓（賓語可省略）。（先行詞含“不定代詞、最高級、序數(shù)詞、theonly”等時(shí)，優(yōu)先用that）which：指物，作主/賓（賓語可省略；非限定性定語從句<逗號后>只用which）。who/whom：指人，who作主，whom作賓（賓語可省略，口語中常用who代whom）。whose：指人/物，作定語（表“……的”，表所屬關(guān)系）。2.關(guān)系副詞（在從句中作**狀語**，=“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”）when：先行詞為時(shí)間名詞（day/time等），從句缺時(shí)間狀語（=in/on/at+which）。where：先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞（place/city等），從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語（=in/at+which）。why：先行詞為reason，從句缺原因狀語（=for+which）。二、分層訓(xùn)練：從基礎(chǔ)到綜合?訓(xùn)練1：基礎(chǔ)辨識（判斷+分析）1.判斷定語從句，標(biāo)注先行詞+關(guān)系詞：Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.（先行詞：girl；關(guān)系詞：who）Iknowtheboythatyoumetyesterday.（先行詞：boy；關(guān)系詞：that）Shetoldmeastorywhichmademelaugh.（先行詞：story；關(guān)系詞：which）Ilikethebookwhosecoverisblue.（先行詞：book；關(guān)系詞：whose）Helefttheroomwherehelivedforyears.（先行詞：room；關(guān)系詞：where）2.誤區(qū)分析（判斷句子是否正確，錯則說明原因）：Themanthatheistalkingtohimishisteacher.（錯誤：關(guān)系詞that已作to的賓語，“him”重復(fù)，應(yīng)去掉him）ThisisthehousewhereIlivedin.（錯誤：where=inwhich，“in”冗余，去掉in或where→which）?訓(xùn)練2：關(guān)系詞選擇（單選/填空）用合適的關(guān)系詞（that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why）填空：1.Thewoman______hairisblondeismyEnglishteacher.（whose，表所屬）2.Istillremembertheday______Ifirstmetyou.（when，時(shí)間狀語）3.Thisisthefactory______myfatherworks.（where，地點(diǎn)狀語）4.Theboy______isstandingthereismybrother.（who/that，指人作主語）5.Thefilm______wesawlastnightwaswonderful.（that/which，指物作賓語）6.Thereason______hewasabsentisunknown.（why，原因狀語）易混點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)（thatvswhich；介詞+關(guān)系代詞）：用that的情況（先行詞含不定代詞、最高級等）：Thisisthemostinterestingbook______Ihaveeverread.（that，先行詞含最高級）All______youneedtodoisstudyhard.（that，先行詞是不定代詞all）介詞+關(guān)系代詞（根據(jù)從句動詞/形容詞選介詞）：Theman______Italkedjustnowismyboss.（towhom，talkto為固定短語）Thisisthehouse______Iwasborn.（inwhich，bebornin為固定搭配）?訓(xùn)練3：改錯訓(xùn)練（修正常見錯誤）修正下列句子中的錯誤：1.ThegirlwhichismyfriendisfromCanada.（which→who/that，指人用who/that）2.Idon’tlikethebookwhathegaveme.（what→that/which，定語從句無what）3.Theroomwhereweliveitisveryclean.（去掉it，關(guān)系詞已作賓語）4.ThisistheschoolthatIstudied.（that→where/inwhich，studied缺地點(diǎn)狀語）5.Themanwhomyouarelookingisintheoffice.（looking后加for，lookfor為固定短語，即：forwhom）?訓(xùn)練4：翻譯訓(xùn)練（中英互譯，強(qiáng)化結(jié)構(gòu)）1.英譯中：Theboywhoisplayingbasketballismyclassmate.→正在打籃球的那個男孩是我的同學(xué)。ThisisthehousewhereIgrewup.→這就是我長大的房子。2.中譯英：我認(rèn)識那個昨天你提到的女孩?！鶬knowthegirl(that/whom/who)youmentionedyesterday.這是我曾經(jīng)參觀過的最美麗的城市?！鶷hisisthemostbeautifulcity(that)Ihaveevervisited.?訓(xùn)練5：綜合語篇填空（在語境中運(yùn)用）閱讀短文，用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：Istillremembertheday①______Ifirstcametothisschool.Theschool②______Istudyisverybeautiful.Thereisagardenintheschool③______manyflowersareplanted.Theteacher④______classIlikebestisMissLi.Sheisawoman⑤______isalwayskindtous.Thereason⑥______Ilikeherclassisthatshemakesherlessonsinteresting.Ialsohaveafriend⑦_(dá)_____nameisLucy.Weoftentalkaboutthebooks⑧______wehaveread.Thetime⑨______wespendtogetherisalwaysfullofjoy.Ihopethedays⑩______weareinthisschoolwillbeunforgettable.答案：①when②where③where④whose⑤who/that⑥why⑦whose⑧that/which⑨t(yī)hat/which⑩when三、答案與解析（重點(diǎn)拆解易錯點(diǎn)）1.關(guān)系詞選擇邏輯thatvswhich：先行詞含“不定代詞、最高級、序數(shù)詞”時(shí)，用that（如：allthat,thefirstthat）；非限定性定語從句（逗號后）只用which。介詞+關(guān)系代詞：介詞由從句中的動詞/形容詞決定（如：talkto→towhom；bebornin→inwhich）。2.語篇填空解析①when：先行詞day，從句缺時(shí)間狀語（Ifirstcametothisschoolontheday）。④whose：先行詞teacher，從句缺定語（classoftheteacher）。⑥why：先行詞reason，從句缺原因狀語（Ilikeherclassforthereason）。四、總結(jié)：從“會做”到“會用”定語從句的核心是“先行詞類型+從句成分+固定搭配