2025計(jì)算機(jī)考研英語(yǔ)試題及答案

單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingmeans“algorithm”inChinese?A.程序B.算法C.數(shù)據(jù)D.代碼2.Theword“debug”isclosestinmeaningto______.A.編寫(xiě)B(tài).運(yùn)行C.調(diào)試D.保存3.“Hardware”refersto______.A.軟件B.硬件C.網(wǎng)絡(luò)D.系統(tǒng)4.Whatdoes“CPU”standfor?A.中央處理器B.隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器C.硬盤(pán)D.顯卡5.“Compiler”isusedto______.A.編譯程序B.存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)C.顯示圖像D.傳輸文件6.Theterm“interface”incomputingoftenmeans______.A.界面B.內(nèi)部C.外部D.接口7.“Database”isaplaceto______.A.編寫(xiě)代碼B.存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)C.運(yùn)行程序D.展示結(jié)果8.“Encryption”ismainlyusedfor______.A.數(shù)據(jù)加密B.數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)C.數(shù)據(jù)傳輸D.數(shù)據(jù)處理9.“Firewall”isakindof______.A.軟件B.硬件C.安全防護(hù)機(jī)制D.網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議10.“Wi-Fi”isatechnologyfor______.A.有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)B.無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)C.數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)D.程序開(kāi)發(fā)多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingareprogramminglanguages?A.PythonB.JavaC.C++D.HTML2.Componentsofacomputersystemmayinclude______.A.CPUB.MemoryC.HarddiskD.Monitor3.Typesofsoftwarecanbedividedinto______.A.SystemsoftwareB.ApplicationsoftwareC.ProgrammingsoftwareD.Databasesoftware4.Internetsecuritythreatsmayinclude______.A.VirusesB.HackersC.PhishingD.Malware5.Cloudcomputingservicesinclude______.A.InfrastructureasaService(IaaS)B.PlatformasaService(PaaS)C.SoftwareasaService(SaaS)D.DataasaService(DaaS)6.Mobileoperatingsystemsare______.A.AndroidB.iOSC.Windows10MobileD.Linux7.Datastoragedevicesare______.A.USBflashdriveB.CD-ROMC.SSDD.HDD8.Networktopologiesinclude______.A.BustopologyB.StartopologyC.RingtopologyD.Meshtopology9.Artificialintelligencefieldsinvolve______.A.MachinelearningB.NaturallanguageprocessingC.ComputervisionD.Robotics10.Bigdatacharacteristicsare______.A.VolumeB.VelocityC.VarietyD.Veracity判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.“Python”isonlyusedforwebdevelopment.()2.“RAM”isakindofnon-volatilememory.()3.AcomputerviruscanspreadthroughtheInternet.()4.“HTML”isaprogramminglanguage.()5.Cloudcomputingallowsuserstoaccessresourcesremotely.()6.Mobiledevicesdonotneedsecurityprotection.()7.Afirewallcancompletelypreventallnetworkattacks.()8.“SQL”ismainlyusedfordatabasemanagement.()9.Allsoftwarecanrunonanyoperatingsystem.()10.“Bluetooth”isashort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology.()簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweensoftwareandhardware?2.Brieflyintroducethefunctionofanoperatingsystem.3.Whyisdatasecurityimportantinthedigitalage?4.Whataretheadvantagesofcloudcomputing?討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimpactofartificialintelligenceonthefutureofthecomputerindustry.2.Howcanindividualsprotecttheirprivacyintheeraofbigdata?3.Debatetheprosandconsofopen-sourcesoftware.4.TalkaboutthedevelopmenttrendoftheInternetofThings(IoT).答案單項(xiàng)選擇題1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.D7.B8.A9.C10.B多項(xiàng)選擇題1.ABCD2.ABCD3.ABC4.ABCD5.ABC6.ABC7.ABCD8.ABCD9.ABCD10.ABCD判斷題1.×2.×3.√4.×5.√6.×7.×8.√9.×10.√簡(jiǎn)答題1.Hardwareisphysicalpartsofacomputer,likeCPUandhard-disk.Softwareisprogramsanddatathattellhardwarewhattodo,e.g.,operatingsystemsandapps.2.Anoperatingsystemmanagescomputerresources,providesuser-interface,runsapplications,andensureshardware-softwareinteraction.3.Inthedigitalage,dataisvaluable.Datasecurityprotectspersonalinfo,businesssecretsfromtheft,damage,ensuringprivacyandnormaloperation.4.Cloudcomputingofferscost-effectiveness,scalability,easyaccess,anddatabackup,reducingtheneedforlocalinfrastructure.討論題1.AIwilldriveinnovation,automatetasks,andcreatenewjobsinthecomputerindustry,butmayalsocausejobdisplacementandethicalissues.2.Individualscanusestrongpasswords,avoidover-sharinginfo,updatesoftware,anduseencryptiontoprotectprivacyinbig-dataera.3.Prosofopen-sourcesoftwareincludefreeuse,customization,andcommunitysupport