重慶中考英語5年(2021-2025)真題匯編教師版—短文填空

年份體裁主題內(nèi)容

2025年說明文本文主要介紹了自我和解的概念，解釋了它如何幫助個人管理壓力并在

失敗后繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，并為練習(xí)自我和解提供了實(shí)用的建議。

2024年說明文本文介紹了充足睡眠的重要性。

2023年說明文本文主要介紹了經(jīng)常性飲用冷水對身體所產(chǎn)生的不良影響。

2022年記敘文本文通過王小姐和她母親的經(jīng)歷告訴我們老人現(xiàn)在過度使用手機(jī)，這樣

會引起很多問題，所以作者建議年輕人要多拜訪老人，老人也要多做一

些其他活動。

2021年說明文本文通過?項(xiàng)研究來證明記筆記的好處，本文著重介紹了如何提高記筆

記技巧。

(25?重慶真題A卷)

Whenyoumakeamistakeorsaysomethingwrong,it'seasytobehardonyourself.Thenstressiscaused.

Feelingsofanger,disappointmentandsadnesscomealong.That'swhysuchstressneedstobedealtwith.

Max,a14-year-oldboy,usedtobeverycompetitiveandalwaysfeltstressed.Nowheisleainingtogive

himselfcareandkindness.Whenhedoesn'twinorgetthetopmarks,hetalkstohimself;"It'sOKnottobe

pcrfcct.MHeknowshealwaysdocshisbestandthatisenough.

WhatMaxdoesiscalledself-compassion（自我和解）.Withself-compassion,youtreatyourselfkindlylike

afriend.Itallowsyoutoforgive（原諒）yourselfwhenyoumessuporfail.Afterfeelingsofguilt（愧疚）goaway,

yougelmorerelaxedandyoucanthinkmoreclearly.Thiswayself-compassionmakesyoumoveforward.Many

studieshaveshownitisofgreathelp.

However,somedisagree.Theyarguethatself-compassionleadspeopletobelessactive.ButBreinesand

Chen'sstudyhadadifferentresult.Theygavestudentsadifficultwordtest.Thestudentsweregiventhechanceto

studyforasecondtest.Theyfoundthosewhowerecompassionatetowardtheirfailurespentmoretimepreparing.

Expertssuggestthatyoushouldwritealettertoyourself,describingthesituationthatcausesyourpainand

acceptinghowyoufeel.Oryoucandosomethingyouliketomakeyourselffeelatpeace.SuzyReading,a

psychologist（心理學(xué)家），suggestsusinga“gentletouch''likeplacingonebothhandsonyourhcan,soyouwill

feelsafeandloved.

Beinghardonyourselfcausesstress.However,74.Sc-compassionmeansbeingkindtoyourself.With

itshelp,youwillhavemorerelaxationandaclearermindsothat75.Somethinkdifferently,butastudy

showsthat76.Topracticeself-compassion,some77aresuggestedbyexperts.

【答案J74.self-compassionhelpsyoutogetoutofsuchstress75.youcanmoveon76.itmakespeople

moreactive77.helpfulways

【解析】本文主要介紹了自我和解的概念，解釋了它如何幫助個人管理壓力并在失敗后繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，并為練

習(xí)自我和解提供了實(shí)用的建議。

74.根據(jù)“Whenyoumakeamistakeorsaysomethingwrong,it'seasytobehardonyourself*'以及“WhatMax

doesiscalledself-compassion…”可知對自己太苛刻會產(chǎn)生壓力，但是自我和解可以幫助緩解這種壓力，故此

處可填入self-compassionhelpsycutogetoutofsuchstress<>故填sefcompassionhelpsyou（ogetoutofsuch

stresso

75.根據(jù)“Afterfeelingsofguilt（愧疚）goaway,yougetmorerelaxedandyoucanthinkmoreclearly.Thisway

self-compassionmakesyoumovefbrward”可知內(nèi)疚感消失后，你會變得更加放松，思維也會更力口清晰,這樣，

自我和解會讓你前進(jìn)，即youcanmoveon"你”「以繼續(xù)前進(jìn)“。故填youcanmoveon。

76.根據(jù)“Theyarguethatsclf^compassionleadspeopletobelessactive.ButBrcincsandChcnkstudyhada

dif回"entresult”可知一些人認(rèn)為，自我和解會導(dǎo)致人們不那么活躍，但Breines和陳的研究得出了不同的結(jié)

果，即自我和解會讓人更活躍，即itmakespeoplemoreactive故填itmakespeoplemoreactiveo

77.根據(jù)“Expertssuggestthatyoushouldwritealettertoyourself,describingthesituationthatcausesyourpain

andacceptinghowyoufeel...”可知專家給出了一些有幫助的方法，helpfulways”有幫助的方法故填helpful

wayso

（24?重慶真題A卷）

“Doyougetenoughsleep?”Theanswerisprobablynoifyouaskatiredstudentwhoisalwaystakinga

nap（小睡）onaclassroomdesk.U1couldn'tgettosleepandexpenencedarestlessnightagain."Youmayoften

hearsuchwnrrkfromanadult.Nethavingenough74isacnnitnonproblemaroundrheworld

However,sleepisjustlikefoodandwatertous.75ofuscanliveifwedon'tsleepatall.Sleep

expertssaythatanadultrequires7to9hoursofsleepanightanda：eenagerneeds8.5to9.5hours.Anythingless

couldbeh76toourhealth.

According（oastudy,sleepingonlyfivehoursanightfbraweekislikehavingablood-alcohol（酒精）level

of0.1percent.Thatisabovethesafedrivinglimit（限制）inmostcountries.Mostpeopleprobablywouldn'ttake

anexamorgotoworkiftheygetdrunk.But77enoughsleep,theystilldothesethings.Asaresult,they

78intheexamsorperformbadlyatwork.What'sworse,doctorsandnursesoftenworklonghours.When

theyaresleepy,theymighthurtapatientoreven79apatienfsdeathbyaccident.

80sleepissoimportant,manypeoplethesedaysarenotgellingenough.Inasurvey,twenty

percentsaythatdaytimesleepinessinfluencestheirdailywork.Theyfeelithardtopayfullattentionduringthe

day.However,theydon'tseemtocare.Someevenshowoffhowenergetictheycanbethenextdayjustwithlittle

sleep.Itmaybetimetowakeupand81thewaywethink.Weshouldrealizethatnotsleepingenoughis

aseriousproblem.

【答案】74.sleep75.None76.(h)armful77.without78.fail79.cause80.

Though/Although81.change

【解析】本文介紹了充足睡眠的重要性。

74.句意：睡眠不足是世界上一個普遍的問題。enough形容詞，修飾名詞，根據(jù)“Doyougeteroughsleep?”

可知此處介紹睡眠不足的問題，界叩表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。

75.句意：如果不睡覺，我們不能生存。根據(jù)"ifwcdon,tsleepatall”可知不睡覺，大家都不能生存，noneof

表示“沒有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大寫“故填Non-

76.句意：任何不足都可能對我們的健康有害。根據(jù)“Sleepexpertssaythatanadultrequires7lo9hoursof

sleepanightandateenagerneeds8.5to9.5hours.”可知此處介紹睡眠不足對健康有害，此空為形容詞作表語，

harmful表示“有害的"。故填(h)armful。

77.句意：但是沒有充足的睡眠，他們?nèi)匀蛔鲞@些事。根據(jù)“Mostpeopleprobablywouldn'ttakeanexamorgo

toworkiftheygetdrunk.”“『知飲酒不能做的事，但是沒有充足的睡眠仍然會去做。介詞without表示“沒有”。

故填widiouto

78.句意：結(jié)果他們考試失敗或者在工作中表現(xiàn)不好。此空為謂語動詞，theexamsorperformbadly

alwork”可知此處指考試失敗，fail表示“失敗”，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用原形。故填fail。

79.句意：當(dāng)他們困了的時候，他們可能會傷害病人，甚至意外導(dǎo)致病人的死亡。or連接并列的動詞原形，

根據(jù)"apatient'sdeathbyaccident.”可知此處指意外導(dǎo)致人死亡，cause表示“引起“。故填cause,

80.句意：盡管睡眠如此重要,現(xiàn)在很多人也沒有充足睡眠。1filSwsleepissoimportant,manypeoplethese

daysarcnotgettingenough.”可知此句是讓步狀語從句，用though或although引導(dǎo)，位于句首，首字母大寫。

故填Though/Althougho

81.句意:也許是時候醒過來，改變我們的思維方式了。and連接并列的動詞原形，根據(jù)“Weshouldrealize

thatnotsleepingenoughisaseriousproblem.”可知此處指改變"我們”的思維方式,change表示"改變故填

change。

(23?重慶真題A卷)

59.句意：同樣，當(dāng)你在吃飯的時候喝冷水,就像在燒著的鍋里加水一樣。根據(jù)“whenyoudrinkcoldwalerwhile

eating,itis...addingwatertoaburningpot”可知此處是作比喻，在吃飯的時候喝冷水就像在燒著的鍋里加水。

like"像”，介詞，故填like。

60.句意：如果你無法控制自己想要喝水的沖動，那么在室溫下喝水是更好的選擇。根據(jù)“youcannotcontrol

yoururge（沖動）todoso,drinkingwateratroomtemperatureisabetterchoice.”川知前句是后句的條件，應(yīng)用if

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，故填I(lǐng)f。

61.句意：也許在未來技術(shù)可以給我們更多有用的信息。根據(jù)"Scienlistsaredoingmoreresearchonthis.Maybe

in:hefuturet...cangiveusmorehelpfulinfbrmalion.”可知科學(xué)家們正在對此進(jìn)行更多的研究。說明未來技術(shù)

也許可以給我們更多有用的信息<technology“科技”符合語境，故填（l）echnology。

（22?重慶真題A卷）

MissWangrecentlyhadaworryingexperience.

Onemorning,justasshearrivedather54Wangnoticedsomemissedcallsfromhermother.uItmust

besomethingveryimportant,vshetlioughttoherself.

Rightaway,shecalledhermother55quiteworriedly.Tohersurprise,Wangfoundhermotheronly

wantedhercharger（充電器），whichWangtooktotheofficebymistake.

WhenWanghurriedhomefromheroffice,shefoundhermother's56wasstill70%charged.Andher

motherwasworriedthatitwouldrunoutofpowerasshecontinuedusingit.

NowWangrealizestheseriousnessoftheproblem.Hermother57eighthoursadayplayinggames,

readingnewsandwatchingshortvideosonline.Andhermotherhasproblemslikepooreyesight,headacheandso

on.

ThisstoryisnotspecialandWang'smotherisnot58.Sheisjustoneinagrowingpopulationofthe

olcwholosethemselvesinplayingwithphones.Astheoldhave59chancestojoininsocidactivities,a

smartphoneisthebestwaytokilltime.

Buttoomuchtimeonphonecancausemanyproblems.<4Becarefulwhenusingyourphones,60you

willbeeasilyfooled!''Althoughtheoldarealwayswarnedlikethis,onlinefrauds（欺騙）stillhappeniothem.Now

therearemorefamilyproblems.Acrionshouldbetaken.

Fortheold,theyshouldcontroltheirscreentimeandgetenoughrest.Theyoung,fortheirpart,shouldoften

visittheold,andhelpthemlearnmereaboutonlinesafetysothattheycan61themselves.Also,theyoung

candomoreactivitieswiththeoldliketalking,walkingandtraveling,orencouragethemtolearnsomethingatthe

universitiesfor（heaged.

【答案】54.office55.back56.phone57.spends58.alone59.fewer60.or61.protect

【解析】本文通過王小姐和她母親的經(jīng)歷告訴我們老人現(xiàn)在過度使用手機(jī)，這樣會引起很多問題，所以作

者建議年輕人要多拜訪老人，老人也要多做一些其他活動。

54.句意：一天早上，她剛到辦公室，就注意到她媽媽的一些未接電話。根據(jù)"WhenWanghurriedhomefrom

heroffice”可知她到達(dá)了辦公室，office“辦公室故填office。

55.句意:馬上，她很著急的給媽媽回了電話。根據(jù)“shecalledhermother...”以及上文可知,看到媽媽的未

接電話，會回電話，callsb.back“給某人回電話”。故填back。

56.句意：干小姐從辦公室趕回家時，發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽的手機(jī)還有7（）%的電量°根據(jù)“shefoundhermother's...wasstill

70%charged”以及上文可知她媽媽的手機(jī)還有電，phone"電”，指她媽媽的手機(jī)，名詞用單數(shù)。故填phone。

57.句意：她的母親每天花八個小時玩游戲、閱讀新聞和在線觀看短視頻。根據(jù)“eighthoursadayplaying

games...”可知是花費(fèi)時間做某事，主語是人，用spend“花費(fèi)”，描述一般情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三

人稱單數(shù)，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù),故填spends。

58.句意:這個故事并不特別,王的母親并不是唯一的例子。根據(jù)"Thisstoryisnotspecial”以及"Sheisjustone

inagrowingpopulationoftheoldwholosethemselvesinplayingwithphones"可"知王小姐的母親不是唯一的

一個沉迷手機(jī)的例子，alone"單獨(dú)的"。故填alone。

59.句意：由于老年人參加社交活動機(jī)會較少，智能手機(jī)是打發(fā)時間的最佳方式。根據(jù)“asmarlphoneisIhe

bestwaytokilltime”可知他們用手機(jī)打發(fā)時間，因?yàn)樗麄儏⒓由缃换顒拥臋C(jī)會相較于年輕人來說更少，故

此處用比較級，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用fewer“更少”。故填fewer。

60.句意:使用手機(jī)時要小心,否則很容易.匕當(dāng)!careftlwhenusingyourphones...youwillbeeasily

Rxhd”可知此處是結(jié)構(gòu)“祈使句十or十陳述句”，表示“用手機(jī)時要小心，否則很容易被欺騙”。故填。r。

61.句意：對于年輕人來說，他們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常拜訪老年人，并幫助他們更多地了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全，以便他們能夠保

護(hù)自己。根據(jù)“helpthemlearnmoreaboutonlinesafetysothattheycan...lhemselves”可知讓老人了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,

這樣老人能保護(hù)自己，protect“保護(hù)"，情態(tài)動詞can后加動詞原形。故填protect。

（21?重慶真題A卷）

Astudyhasbeendoneatauniversity.Scientistsdividedaclassintotwogroups.Theymadeeachgrouptake

notes54differentways.Thefirstgrouplooknotesbyhand.Thesecondonediditonthecomputer.The

55ofthestudywastofindoutwhichmethodwouldhelp（hestudentslearnbetter.Thescientiststhought

GroupTwowouldwin.Buttotheirsurprise,GroupOnedidabetterjob.Sinceyoutakenotesbyhand,sticktoit!

Goodnotescan56tolessstress（壓力）whentesttimecomesaround.Thenhowcanyouimproveyour

note-takingskill?Thefollowingadvicecanhelpyou.

Firstly,trytogetyourselfready57classbegins.Befamiliar（熟悉的）withthematerialthatyouarc

goingtolearn.Makesureyouhaveyournotebooksandpenson(hedesk.

Secondlytakenoteswiselywhilelisteninginclass.Manystudentsbecome58takingnotesandthey

maytailtofollowtheteacher.Soitisimportanttoknowwhentotakenotes.Andremembertowritedownthekey

wordsanduseshorthand（速記法：ifnecessary.

Thirdly,checkyournotesafterclass.Youcanaddsomedetails（細(xì)節(jié)）yourselffirst.Ifthereisstillsomething

missing,compareyournoteswith59.Doilwiththosewholakenotescarefully.Thesecheckswillalso

60yourchancesofunderstandingwhatyou'vewritten.

Trytheadviceabove.Whenyoucantakenotes61thanbefore,youwillfindyourlessonseasierand

moreenjoyable.

【答案】54.in55.purpose56.lead57.before58.busy59.others'60.increase61.better

【蟀析】本文通過一項(xiàng)研究來證明記筆記的好處，本文著重介紹了如何提高記筆記技巧。

54句意：他們讓每個小組用不同的方法做筆記。此處表示“用不同的方法”，用介詞in表示“用……方法”，

故填in。

55.句意：這項(xiàng)研究的目的是找出哪種方法能幫助學(xué)生更好地學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)“tofindoutwhichmethodwouldhelp

thestudentslearnbetter”可知，此處介紹這項(xiàng)研究的目的，purpose”目的,‘，根據(jù)“was”可知，此空應(yīng)填名詞

的單數(shù)形式，故填purposeo

56.句意：好的筆記可以減少考試時的壓力。根據(jù)"Goodnotescan...tolessstress（壓力）whentesttimecomes

around”可知，此處表示“導(dǎo)致”，英文表達(dá)為leadlo,情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形，故填lead。

57.句意：首先，在上課前做好準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)“trytogetyourselfready…classbegins”可知，是在上課前做好準(zhǔn)

備，故填before。

58.句意：許多學(xué)生變得忙于記筆記，他們可能不能跟上老師。根據(jù)"theymayfailtofollowtheteachcr”“J知，

學(xué)生忙著記筆記以至于跟不上老師講的內(nèi)容，bebusydoingsth“忙于做某事"，故填busy。

59.句意：如果還缺少什么，把你的筆記和別人的進(jìn)行比較。此處表示把你的筆記和其他人的筆記進(jìn)行比較，

。止ers“其他人”，用名詞所有格表示“其他人的筆記“，故填olherst

60,句意：這些檢查也會增加你理解你所寫內(nèi)容的機(jī)會。根據(jù)叮hesecheckswillalso...yourchancesof

understandingwhatyou'vewritten”可知，在檢查筆記的過程中，也是增加了理解自己所記的內(nèi)容的機(jī)會，

increase“增加"，will后接動詞原形，故填increaseo

61.句意：當(dāng)你能記筆記比以前更好，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的課更容易和更愉快。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處應(yīng)填比較級，

根據(jù)"youwillfindyourlessonseasierandmoreenjoyable”可知，筆記比之前記得更好了，會發(fā)現(xiàn):果程很容易，

用副詞的比較級belter修飾動詞takenotes，故填better..

（25-重慶育才中學(xué)校一模）

"I'malittlemonster,freelikeabird."4*Ifthereisnopathahead,Iwillmakeone;Iftheworldshutsmeout,

Iwillchangeit.”TheanimatedmovieNeZhaisaChineseproductionthathascapturedtheheartsofaudiences

worldwide.NeZhaIcameoutin2019,andNeZhallin2025.NeZhaIIhasbecomethefirstChinesefilmtoreach

morethan10billionyuanattheboxoffice.

ThemovietellsthestoryofayoungboynamedNeZha,whoisbornwithspecialpowersandafate（命運(yùn)）

thatchallengesthetraditionalbelietsofhiscommunity.Heisfearecandmisunderstoodbyhisvillagebecausehe

isbelievedtobeademon（惡魔）.However,heisactuallyaherowhoprotectshispeoplewiththepower.

Throughoutthemovie,NeZhastruggles（抗?fàn)帲﹚ithhisfate,proving"Myfateismine,nottheheaven's."

NeZhaisnotjustanentertainingfilm,themoviealsoteachesimportantlessonsaboutfamilyandmaking

friends,andnotjudgingothersbytheirappearance.

"I'malittlemonster,freelikeabird."4iIfthereisnopathahead,Iwillmakeone;If

Famouslines

theworldshutsmeout,Iwillchange

TimeNeZhallcameoutin49.

FameOver50billionyuanattheboxoffice.

NeZha51specialpowers.Peoplemisunderstoodhimbecauseheis

Storybelievedtobeademon.Insteadofhurtingpeople,he52hispowerto

protectthem.

NeZhaisnotjustanentertainingfilm,teachesustocherish（珍惜）familyand___

Evaluation（評價）

53___,andnottojudgeothersby（heirlooks.

【答案】49.202550.1051.has52.uses53.friends

【解析】本文主要介紹了《哪吒2》這部電影。

49.根據(jù)文中“NeZhaIcameoutin2019,andNeZhaIIin2025.”可知，《哪吒2》在2025年上映,故填2025。

50.根據(jù)文中“NeZhaIIhasbecomethefirstChinesefilmtoreachmorethan10billionyuanatthebox

office.”可知,《哪吒2》票房超過100億元,故填10。

51.根據(jù)文中“ThemovietellsthestoryofayoungboynamedNeZha,whoisbomwithspecialpowers”可知,

哪吒有超能力，have意為“有”，該句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單三形式has,故

填has（＞

52.根據(jù)文中“However,heisactuallyaherowhoprotectshispeoplewiththepower.“可知,哪吒用他的超能力

保護(hù)村民，use意為“用”，該句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單三形式uses,故填uses。

53.根據(jù)文中“themoviealsoteachesimportantlessonsaboutfamilyandmakingfriends”可知,教會我們珍惜家

人和朋友，friend意為“朋友”，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指，故填friends。

（25?重慶南開中學(xué)校一模）

Wcoftenseepeoplecarryingbottlestomakesuretheydrinkenoughwatertostayhealthy.Afterall,more

thanhalfofthehumanbodyismadeupofwater.

Manypeoplehaveheard（halweshoulddrink2000mlofwateraday.Wheredoesthisnumbercomefrom?

ScientistJohnSpeakmanexplains,t4Ifyoulookatthegovernments*suggestionsaroundtheworld,you'llfind

almostallofthemgivethesameanswer.Toeveryone'ssuiprise,thisadvicedoesn'tcomefromanyresearch.

Instead,it'sjustaguessthatiswidelyacceptedbythepublic.^^Infact,theamount（數(shù)量）ofwaterinourbodyis

changingallthetime.Likeyourbankaccountgoingdownwhenyouspendmoney,yourbodyloseswaterwhen

youbreathe,sweat,orusethebathroom.Thetruthisthatthereisastrongconnectionbetweenpeople'sbodysize

and（hewater（heyneed.

Sinceeveryoneknowsdrinkingwaterkeepsushealthy,whatwillhappenifwedrinklessthanweshould?

Dr.Nidiadescribestheresultofbe.ngshortofwater,“Weoftenstartdehydrating（脫水）withoutrealizingit.It's

verycommonthatsometimeswethinkwe'rehungryandwanttohavesomefood,butthisusuallymeansthatit's

timetodrinksomewater."Dr.Nidiaalsoaddedthatourbodysendmessages,suchaslowenergy,headacheordry

mouth、toshowwc'vcalreadybeenshortofwater.

Ingeneral,whethertodrinkalittlemoreoralittleless,ihcmoreimportantthingis山al

tokeepourselvesfreshandenergetic.

Hello,everyone.I'mLiHua,andI'dliketoshareaninterestingpassagewithyoutoday,whichmainly

talksabouttwothingsaboutdrinkingwater.

Oneisabout45.Almostallthegovernmentsintheworldrecommendthatpeopleshoulddrink

2000mlofwateraday.ButaccordingtothescientistJohnSpcaksman,thisnumberisnotbasedonresearch,but

justaguess.Infact,thewateryouneed46.

Italsodiscusseswhatwillhappenifwedon'tdrinkenoughwater.AccordingtoDr.Nidia'sopinion,

hungerforfoodusuallymeansthatweareshortofwater.Whafsmore,47,suchaslowenergy,

headache,ordrymouth,mightalsoshowthatwehavealreadystarteddehydrating.

Eventhoughsomeinformationwaslostinthelastparagraph,Iguessthewritertriestotellussomething

importanttohelpuskeephealthy.Therefore,themissingpartshouldbe"48.

Fromallabove,1believeyouhaverealizedhowimportantthewaterisforhumanbodies!Whatan

interestingandvaluablepassage!

【答案】45.a.howmuchwaterpeopleneed(todrink)everyday.

b.theamountofwaterwcneedaday.46.connectswith/dependson/isdecidedbyyour/thebodysize.

47.a.messagesfrom/sentbyour/thebody.

b.(our/(he)bodymessages.48.a.weshould/needtodrinkenoughwater/drink(enough)walerintime(every

day).

b.it'snecessaryfbrustodrinkenoughwater/drink(enough)waterintime(everyday).

【解析】本文主要討論了每日飲水量建議的來源及其科學(xué)依據(jù)，以及缺水對身體的影響。

45.根據(jù)“Almostallthegovernmentsintheworldrecommendthatpeopleshoulddrink2000mlofwateraday.

Wheredocsthisnumbercomefrom?”可知，全球幾乎所有政府都建議人們每天飲用2000亳升水，這個數(shù)字

從哪里來？故本文講到關(guān)于喝水的其中一個是人一天要喝多少水。故填howmuchwaterpeopleneed(to

drink)everyday./theamountofwaterweneedaday.

46.根據(jù)"Thetruthisthatthereisastrongconnectionbetweenpeople'sbodysizeandthewatertheyneed.“可知,

人體所需的水量與體型有密切關(guān)系，故填connectswith/dependson/isdecidedbyyour/thebodysize.

47.根據(jù)“Dr.Nidiaalsoaddedthatourbodysendmessages,suchaslowenergy,headacheordrymouth,toshow

we,vealreadybeenshortofwater.”可知,身體會通過低能量、頭痛或口干等癥狀發(fā)出缺水的信號,故填

messagesfrom/sentbyour/thebocy./(our/the)bodymessages.

48.根據(jù)“themoreimportantthingisthat...tokeepourselvesfreshandenergetic.“可知，保持充足的水分?jǐn)z入

是保持身體清爽和精力充沛的關(guān)鍵，故填weshould/needtodrinkenoughwater/drink(enough)walerinlime

(everyday)./it'snecessaryfbrustodrinkenoughwater/drink(enough)waterintime(everyday).

(25?重慶第二外國語學(xué)校一模)

Confucius(551—479BC)wasagreatthinkerandteacherintheSpringandAutumnPeriodofChina.He

wasborninQufu,thecapitalofth，stateofLu(partofShandong).Heactedasanofficial(官員)there.Buthe

wasperhapsabetterthinkerthanhewasanofficialandheendeduphavingtoleavethestateofLu.Hespent13

yearstravellingaroundtheotherstates,spreadinghisideas.Andhetriedtoteachpeoplethatpeacewasvery

importantfbrahealthysociety.However,itwasnotuntiltheruleofEmperorWuofHanDynasty(156—87BC)

thathisideaswerefinallyputintopractice.Inhislastfewyears,hereturnedtoQufuwherehespenttherestofhis

lifeteaching.HisteachingswererecordedbyhisfollowersinabookcalledLimyu.

Confucius,teachingsformedthebaseofChinesethought.Confuciusthoughteveryoneshoulddevelop

virtues(美彼j)andalwaysdotherightthing.Confucius'thoughtisconsideredtohavebeenthenecessityof

Eastemthought.Here'soneofConfucius'famoussayings,t4Inthecompanyoftwoothers,Icanalwaysfindone

worthyofbeingmyteacher”,whichhasbeenpopularathomeandabroadfbrthousandsofyears.

Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,hetaughtfivevirtuesacceptedbyallChinese.

Theyareren(kindness,charity),yi(fairness),li(ceremony,tradition),zhi(knowledge),andxin(trust).Another

virtueisxiao.Xiaoisthedutiesapersonhastotheirparents.

ItisclearthatConfucius,thoughtwillcontinuetobeanecessarypartofChineseculture.Anditwill

continuelodosomethinggoodtothedevelopmentofChinaandeventhewholeworld.

ExperiencesAchievementsMainThoughts

*ThebookwithihenameofLunyu

1.Workingasanofficial*ThebaseofChinesethought1.Developingvirtues

2.78*AnecessarypartofEasternthought2.Doingtherightthing

3.TeachinginQufu*AhelpforthedevelopmentofChina3.Building79

andtheworld

VirtuesAFamousSaying

<?Renmeanskindnessandlove.

?Yimeansdoingwhatisrightandjust.

“Inthecompanyoftwoothers,Icanalwaysfindone

<?Limeansmannersandrespect.

worthyofbeingmyteacher.''

。Zhimeanswisdomandknowledge.

Fromthesaying,wearetold81.

?Xinmeanstrustandhonesty.

QXiaomeans80

【答案】78.Travellingaroundtospreadhisideas/Travellingaroundandspreadinghisideas79.apeaceful

society/apeacefulandhealthysociety80.showingrespect,loveandcareforparents.81.:olearnfrom

others(aroundus)/tobealwaysreadytolearnfromothers/(that)weshould(bemodest/humbleand)learnfrom

othersaroundus

【解析】本文主要講述了孔子的生平、思想和成就。

78.根據(jù)“Hespent13yearstravellingaroundtheotherstates,spreadinghisideas”可知孑L子在離開魯國后，周游

列國傳播他的思根，可以用travellingaroundtospreadhisideas或travellingaroundandspreadinghisideas來

表示。故填Travellingaroundtospreadhisideas/Travellingaroundandspreadinghisideas。

79.根據(jù)“Andhetriedtoteachpeoplethatpeacewasveryimportantforahealthysociety.“可知，孔子的思想包

括教導(dǎo)人們和平對健康社會的重要性，也就是要建立一個和平(健康)的社會，所以此處可填“apeaceful(and

healthy)society”。故填apeaceful(andhealthy)societyo

80.根據(jù)“Xiaoisthedutiesapersonhastotheirparents.”可知，孝是,個人對父母應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任，進(jìn),步川理解

為對父母表示尊重、關(guān)愛和照顧〔答案不唯一)，meandoingsth"意味若做某事”，故填showingrespect,love

andcarefbrparents.

81.根據(jù)“Inthecompanyoftwoothers,Icanalwaysfindoneworthyofbeingmyteacher.“可知，這句話的意思

是告訴我們要向周圍的人學(xué)習(xí)，要時刻準(zhǔn)備向他人學(xué)習(xí)，或者我們應(yīng)該(謙虛)向周圍的人學(xué)習(xí)(答案不

唯一)，故填ioleamfromothers(aroundus)/tobealwaysreadytolearnfromothersZ(that)weshould(be

modest/hunibleand)learnfromothersaroundus。

(25-重慶第七中學(xué)一模)

ChinesehumorinEnglishishelpingtheworldunderstandChineseculturebetter.It'susedalot,especially

onsocialmedia(社交媒體).ThisshowsthatChinglish,amixofEnglishandChinese,isnotalwaysregardedas

wrongnowlikeitusedtobe,butasafunwaytoconnectwithothers.

Apopularexampleisapost(帖子)byaforeignbloggeronaChinesewebsite.Shetalkedaboutparting

fromherboyfriend.ManyChinesepeoplelefttheirideasinEnglishtocomforther,buttheirEnglishwasn't

perfect.Sosomewordsofkindnessturnedinto“Youpretty,henot,uswan,hefrogM.Butothersthinkitwasfine

becauseitwasfastandconvenienttowriteshorterwordswithoutchangingthemainmeaning.

ChinglishevenplaysapartintheOxfordEnglishDictionary.Phraseslike“addoil"，meaningjiayouin

Chineseand“chccr”inEnglish,havealreadybeeninthedictionary.Similarexamplesalsoinclude“Longtimeno

see”.Suchanactshowssomanypeoplehaveusedthephrasesorwordsthattheycan'tbeneglected(忽視).

Af:er(he2008OlympicsinBeijing,peoplestartedtoacceptChinglishmore.It'snowseeninthingslikevideo

games,whereChinesewordsarekeptinsteadofbeingtranslated.Thiscanbeseenfromthelatesthotgame

aroundtheworldwitharichChineseculture—BlackMyth:Wukong.

Ini(,(heChinesewordslikeyaoguaiarenolongertranslatedintoEnglishwords,butkeptastheyarein

Chinese.AndforeignplayersjustacceptthemandlearnthemhappilyaspartofChineseculture.Chinesepeople

arealsohelpingothersunderstandtheirculturebyexplainingChinglishwordsingames.Thishelpspeoplearound

theworldlearnmoreaboutChina.

Butsonicpeoplealsoshowtheirworries.AteachersaidthatChinglishshouldnotbeusedinsituationslike

inclassorataniinportantworkmeetingordiscussion.Itmaycausemisunderstandingandmakeothersthink

you'reimpolite.

EnglishdictionariesacceptChinglish

wordslike“addoil"becausethese

wordsarequite3..

TheChineseuseChinglishto

Inthepast,mixingEnglishandChineseForeignplayersacceptthe

showtheirideasonsocial

seemedtobea1.Butnowthe4.d