UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS

一、閱讀理解

A

Anewstudy,aprojectoftheresearchersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvania,findsthata

fitnessiracker（健康追蹤器）probablydoesnothelpwithweightloss.

Thetrackersaredesignedtorecordyourphysicalactivity.Theyareusuallywornaroundthewrisl（手

腕）,wheretheyrecordaperson'sheartrate.Theresearchteamlookedattwogroupsofpeople.Thefirst

woreafitnesstrackerandtookpartinhealthconsultationwithexpertsforbestweight-lossplan.The

researcherscomparedthisgroupwithpeoplewhoonlygothealthconsultation.

Thestudyfoundthatihoseonlyspeakingwiththehealthexpertslostnearly6kilograms,butthose

usingafitnesstrackerlostonly3.5kilograms.JohnJakicic.theleadresearcher,questionedtheuseofthese

trackersforweightloss.

Thestudyinvolved470peopleagedbetween18and35.Someofthemwereoverweight,whileothers

wereconsideredobese.Overthreefourthsofthemwerewomen.Allweretoldtoincreasephysicalactivity

andstartonalow-caloriediet.Theyhadtheirweightmeasuredonceeverysixmonths.Aftersixmonths,

researchersdividedthegroupintotwoparts:onecontinuedwithmonthlyconsulting,whilemembersof

（heothergroupweregivenafitnesstracker.Eighteenmonthslater,bothgroupsshowedgreat

improvementsinfitness,physicalactivityanddiet,withnobigdifferencebetweengroups.However,

whenitcametolosingweight,thepeoplewhoonlyspokewithexpertslostnearlytwiceasmuchweight.

Jakicicsaid,"Thestudy'sfindingsareimportantbecauseeffectivelong-termtreatmentsareneededto

dealwithAmerica'sobesity."Moreinformationisneeded,headded,tolearnhowtobestusethesetrackers

tohelpadultswhowanttoloseweight.

1.Bothgroupsofpeopleinthestudywereaskedto.

A.startonahigh-caloriedietB.wearafitnesstracker

C.consultexpertsD.recordtheirheartrates

2.WhydoesJakicicthinkthefindingsareimportant?

A.Wearingfitnesstrackershardlyhelpspeopleloseweight.

B.Physicalactivityanddiethavenoeffectonweightloss.

C.Dealingwithobesityneedseffectivelong-termtreatments.

D.Therearegreatdifferencesinhealthbetweenbothgroups.

3.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudymentionedinthetext?

A.Thestudywentonforabouttwoyears.

B.Morethan120mentookpartinthestudy.

C.Healthconsultinghelpslosealmost6kilograms.

D.Wearingafitnesstrackerisusefulforkeepingslim.

4.Thepurposeofthetextisto.

A.describehowtheresearcherscarriedoutthestudy

B.showregularconsultingforweightcontrolisnecessary

C.persuadereaderstowearfitnesstrackersforweightcontrol

D.warnwomenarcmorelikelytosufferfromweightproblems

B

Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearctakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,

therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure-thosewhohaveclimbedthehigaest

mountains,traveledintounknownpartsof(heworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestcceans.

Now,however,(herearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivitywhichmay

onlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.

Iwouldconsiderbungeejumpingtobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahigh

place(perhapsabridgeorahot-airballoon)200meresabove(hegroundwithanelastic(有彈性的)rope

tiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto15()kilometeranhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.

Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivities

whichmostpeoplewouldsayareasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsand

divingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs(懸崖).

Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselife

inmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyin

danger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasacontinuous

battlefbrsurvival.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkinsafe

conditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.

Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.

5.Moreandmorepeopletoday.

A.arecomingclosetodeathinsports

B.arcclimbingthehighestmountains

C.aretryingactivitiessuchasbungeejumping

D.aretravelingintounknownpartsoftheworld

6.Inbungeejumping,you.

A.jumpashighasyoucan

B.slidedownaropetotheground

C.tieyourselftoaropeandfalltotheground

D.falltowardsthegroundwithoutanyprotection

7.Peopletakepartindangeroussportsmainlybecause.

A.(heyhavealotoffree(ime

B.theirlifeisshortofexcitement

C.theynolongerneedtohuntforfood

D.theycangotohospitaliftheyareinjured

8.Thebesttitleforthetextis.

A.DangerousSports：WhatandWhy

B.TheBoredomofModernLife

C.BungeeJumping：ItisreallyDangerous

D.TheNeedforExcitement

c

Ifapresident,aphilosopher,andoneofthebest-sellingauthorsofalltimepraisedthesamesecretfor

theirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrich

Nietzschewrote:"Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:"Walking

isthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabit

butanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.

Areyoustillsitting(herereading(his?Getwalking!

A.Takingabathin(heforestisrelaxingandmedicallybeneficial.

B.Walkinginthewoodsisaneffectivewaytogetlight-hearted.

C.TheJapanesegovernmentencourageseveryonetolivenearaforest.

D.Keepingawayfrommultimediaandtechnologycangreatlyimproveyourcreativity.

12.Whatdocstheauthoradvisedoing?

A.Settingafitnessgoal.B.Solvingpmbleinscreatively.

C.Walkingfbrcreativity.D.Exploringnewpossibilities.

13.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Benefitsofwalkinginnature.

B.Secrettosuccessoffamousmen.

C.Waysofbuildingupyourcreativity.

D.Keystosteppingoutofthecomfortzone.

D

Indiaisacountrywithallkindsofpeople,culture,foodpractices,etc.whicharcallpreparedfromthe

sameproductsbuttherecipe(食譜)resultedfinallyiscertainlynameddifferently.However,stilltheBaby

FoodRecipesare(hesamethroughout(hecountry,oftenallfollowHealthyFoodPractices.Healthyfood

forkidscaneitherbehomemadeoraproductsuggestedbydoctors.

TheworldspeaksmoreabouttheIndianbabyfood,sinceintheolddaystheyusedtofeedthekidwith

thehomemadefoods,whicharehighlynutritiousandcanimprovethebabydevelopment,makingitgrow

morerobust.Thefoodpreparedathomeiseasilydigestiblebythebaby,whichneverhasbadeffectonthe

digestivesystemorcausesrelatedproblems.Agoodmothercarealwaysstartswiththebestfoodpractices,

whichcanreallymakethekidgrowhealthierandsafer.Abetterfeedcanmakethekidsleepcalmly.

Babyfoods,like(hegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatareverygoodforkids.Thefoodshaveallthe

proteinsandvitaminsthatarevaryimportantforthekidtogrowstrong.Butthequestionishowmuchfood

canreallybefedtoakidatatime.Thatmayeithermatterwiththecultureorthephysicalabilityofthekid.

YoucanfeedkidstheproductsliketheNestleCerelac,whichismoreeasilydigestiblebythebaby.

Todaybabyfoodwillbeinherited(繼承)bythenextcominggenerations,soit'salwayssafetoadvise

thecominggenerationstostayfarfromthejunkfoodsandfoodsthatareshortofnutrition.AstheIndian

cultureandthebabyfoodpracticesaregreat,theyneverruintheirtraditionalcultureofwhatIndians

inherited.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"robust"inPara.2mean?

A.happyB.lovelyC.activeD.healthy

15.Whyarcthegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatgoodforkids?

A.Theycontainrichproteinsandvitamins.

B.Theymaymatterwith(heIndianculture.

C.Allofthemarenotverydifficulttodigest.

D.Theyareallveiyfreshandkeptveryclean.

16.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GreatFoodPracticesB.TheBabyFoodRecipes

C.IndianTraditionalCultureD.IndianHealthyBabyFood

二、閱讀七選五

Ihavecollectedsomeexamplesthatshouldbeaninspirationtoanyonewhodesirestobesuccessful.

Theyshowthatifyouwanttosucceedyoushouldexpectfailurealongtheway.Iactuallybelievethat

failurecanencourageyouonandmakeyoutryevenharder.⑴TheTrulysuccessfulthingswon'tbe

beaten,theytakeresponsibilityforfailure,learnfromitandstartalloverfromastrongerposition.

WaltDisney-oneofthegreatestbusinessleaderswhocreatedtheglobalDisneyempireoffilm

studios,themeparksandconsumerproductsdidn'tstartoffsuccessful.⑵Believeitornot,Waltwas

firedfromanearlyjobattheKansasCityStarNewspaperbecausehewasnotcreativeenough!In1922he

startedhisfirstcompanycalledLaugh-O-Gram.TheKansasbasedonbusinesswouldproducecartoons

andshortadvertisingfilms.(3)Waltdidn'tgiveup,hepackedup,wenttoHollywoodandstartedThe

WallDisneyCompany.

BillGatcs-co-foundcrandchairmanofMicrosoftsetupabusinesscalledTraf-O-Data.The

partnershipbetweenhim,PaulAllenandPaulGilbertwasbasedonagoodideabutaflawedbusiness

modelthatleft(hecompanywithfewcustomers.⑷However,BillGalesandPaulAllentookwhatthey

learnedandavoidedthosemistakeswhentheycreatedtheMicrosoftempire.

⑸Ihopethattheseareinspirationandmotivationforeveryonewhoaspirestobesuccessfulin

whateverwaytheychoose.Doyouagreeordisagreewithme?

A.So,theonethingsuccessfulpeopleneverdois:Giveup!

B.In1923,thebusinesswentbankrupt.

C.Hewasgreatlydepressed.

D.Everyexperienceoffailureincreasesthehungerforsuccess.

E.Thecompanyranuplossesbetween1974and1980beforeitwasclosed.

F.Manyfactorsmayaffectyoursuccess.

G.Beforethegreatsuccesscameanumberoffailures.

17.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

18.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

19.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

20.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

21.A.R.C.D.E.F.G.

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共22.5分)

Scientistsfindthathardworkingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomen

are(22)thanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthe(23)areinpoorerhealththanthejobholders.A

studyshowswhenevertheunemploymentraleincreasesby1%,thedeathrate(24)correspondingly(ffi

應地)by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workis(25)tohealth.

Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusyandawayfromloneliness.Research

shows(hatpeoplefeel(26),worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Instead,thehappiestare

(hosewhoare(27).Manyhighachieverswholove(heircareersfeelthattheyarethehappiestwhen

workinghard.Workservesasa(28)betweenmanandreality.Throughwork,peoplehavecontactwith

eachother.Throughcollective(集體的)activities,theyfindr.endshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfulto

licallli.Thelossufwork(29)thelossofalmuslcvcrylhing.Ilaffectspeoplespirituallyandmak.esllicm

liable(可能受……影響)to(30).

Besides,workgivesoneasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisorher(31)andstatusin

society.Whena(32)finisheshiswritingoradoctor(33)apatientorateacherseeshis

students(34).allofthemwillbehappybeyond(35).

Fromtheabovewecancometotheconclusionthatthemoreyou(36),thehappierandhealthieryou

willbe.Letusworkhard,studywellandliveahappyandhealthylite.

22.A.clevererB.healthierC.weakerD.worse

23.A.richB.injuredC.joblessD.sick

24.A.staysB.changesC.fallsD.increases

25.A.helpfulB.equalC.harmfulD.unique

26.A.luckyB.seriousC.cheerfulD.sad

27.A.busyB.freeC.lazyD.tired

28.A.riverB.gapC.channelD.bridge

29.A.meansB.explainsC.becomesD.reflects

30.A.peaceB.silenceC.happinessD.disease

31.A.developmentB.valueC.titleD.profession

32.A.workerB.fannerC.writerD.manager

33.A.managesR.controlsC.curesD.chooses

34.A.standB.growC.riseD.sleep

35.A.beliefB.descriptionC.hopeD.consideration

36.A.createB.recognizeC.gainD.work

四、短文改錯（本大題共I小題，共10.0分）

37.文中有10處錯誤，要求你在錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞”

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：I.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從II處起）不計分。

DcaiEdilui，

I'mwritingtotellyouaboutafoodpoisoningaccident.Severaldaysago,myneighborateabagof

foodbuyingfromthemarket.Afterthemeal,theyhadstomachachesandtheirfacesturnpale.Lucky,

oneof（heirfriendsfoundtheaccidentandimmediatelycalledanambulance,whichcarriedthem

quicklytoahospital.Afterseveralhours'treatmenttheyfinallyescapedofdeath.

Assomeillegalbusinessmenareonlyinterestedinmakingprofitstobecomerichquickly,we

seldomcareabout(henecessarysafetymeasuresorwhichhappenstoconsumers.Theymustbehave

chargedbylaw.Meanwhile.Idohopewholesocietycanrealizetheimportantoffoodsafety.

五、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

38.假設你是學生李華，升入高中后，由于學業(yè)較重，你經(jīng)常熬夜，第二天早晨上課時經(jīng)常犯

困，為此你很苦惱。請你給某中學生英語雜志的編輯寫一封信，尋求幫助。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右;

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱：

4.開頭和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

DearEditor.

Sincerelyyours,

LiHua

答案和解析

1?4.C、C、A、B

I.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末Thefirstworeafitnesstrackerandtookpartinhealthconsultationwith

expertsforbestweight-lossplan.Theresearcherscomparedthisgroupwithpeoplewhoonlygothealth

consultation.可知,兩隊都要務詢專家。故選C。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Thestudy'sfindingsareimportantbecauseeffectivelong-termtreatments

areneededtodealwithAmerica'sobesity.可知，處理美國的肥拌問題需要長期有效的治療。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Theyhadtheirweightmeasuredonceeverysixmonths.Aftersixmonths,

researchersdividedthegroupintotwoparts...Eighteenmonthslater,bothgroupsshowedgreat

improvementsinfitness...可知實驗總共進行了6+18=24個月。故選A。

4.推理判斷題。結合第四段實驗結果However,whenitcametolosingweight,(hepeoplewhoonly

spokewithexpertslostnearlytwiceasmuchweight.可知,進行健康咨詢的小組減肥效果更為明顯,

故選B。

5?8.C、C、B、A

5.細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第一、二段Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartin

dangeroussportsandactivitiesIwouldthinkbungeejumpingtobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity

可知我想蹦極這樣的活動是?個很好的例子，也就是說現(xiàn)在越來越多人參加蹦極。故答案C。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的第二段Youjumpfromahighplace...Youfallatupto150kilometresanhour

untiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground可知你從一個高高的地方往下跳，腳脖子上綁著一根

有彈性的繩子，你以每小時150公里的速度往下落，直到快要撞到地面為止，故答案選C。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的第三段Sonicpsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernworld

hasbecomesafeandboring一些心理學家認為，這是因為現(xiàn)代世界的生活變得安全和乏味。可知是

因為生活中沒有那么多的刺激，故答案選B。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中的最后一段Nowadays,tomanype叩le,lifeofferslittleexcitement...The

answerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping現(xiàn)在，對許多

人來說，生活并沒有什么刺激。他們在安全的條件下生活和工作；他們在商店里買食物；如果他

們生病了，有醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院照顧他們。人們可以在蹦極等活動中尋找危險刺激。本文介紹了危險運

動以及人們?yōu)槭裁匆獏⑴c這樣的運動。故選A。

9?13.C、A、B、C、A

9.根據(jù)第.段中Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:"Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathave

anyworth."ThomasJefferson:"Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."

（弗里德里希?尼采寫道：“只有從行走中獲得的思想才有價值?！蓖旭R斯?杰斐遜：“散步是最好的

鍛煉方式。你要適應走很遠的路?！保┛芍髡咭脙晌幻说脑捛医酉聛頂⑹隽松⒉降暮锰帲?/p>

顯然目的是引入本文的話題walking,故選C。

10.根據(jù)第三段Ourcreativemindset（思維模式）istriggered（觸發(fā)）byphysicalmovement（我們的創(chuàng)造

性思維是由身體運動觸發(fā)的）第四段Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliar

surroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.

（只要走出家門，你就走出了熟悉的環(huán)境和舒適區(qū)，如果你想敞開心扉迎接新的可能性，及是必

要的。）可知，散步（走出家門）可以“觸發(fā)”創(chuàng)造性思維，所以Breakingyourroutinewithawalk

canbeacatalystforfreshunderstandingofproblemsorprojects.的意思為：用散步打破你的常規(guī)可以

成為對問題或項目的新理解的催化劑。因此catalyst的意思為“催化劑”，與選項A“Promoier

催化劑”意思相同，故選A。

11.第五段"Forestbathing",isacommonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan...nowa

government-provedpolicyinJapan.（“森林浴”，在日本是一種常見的放松和醫(yī)療方式。最近的研

究表明，在森林中會使你的壓力水平升高。它的效果如此之強，以至于“森林沐浴”現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成

為日本政府的一項政策。）可知，在日本，“森林浴”是一種常見的放松方式，也是非常有效的方

法?？梢跃徑饩駢毫η冶徽J可。故選B。

12.根據(jù)全文特別是最后段中的Suinsteadofsellingafitnessgoal,whynuisetacreativitygoalthat

startswithwalking?（所以，與其設定一個健身目標，為什么不設定一個從步行開始的創(chuàng)造力目標

呢？）可知，作者反復強調walk,且將其和創(chuàng)造力相關聯(lián)，也就是作者倡導通過散步去思考去創(chuàng)

造。故選C。

13本文介紹了散步有諸多的好處，外出散步可以促進創(chuàng)造性思維，故選A。

14?16.D、A、D

14.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)笫二段第一句TheworldspeaksmoreabouttheIndianbabyfood,sinceintheold

daystheyusedtofeedthekidwiththehomemadefoods,whicharehighlynutritiousandcanimprovethe

babydevelopment,makingilgrowmorerobust.“J知,世界更多地談論印度嬰兒食品，因為在過去，

他們用自制的食物喂養(yǎng)孩子，這些食物非常有營養(yǎng)，可以改善嬰兒的發(fā)育，使其變得更加強壯。

由此推知，劃線詞的意思是“健康的，強健的”，故選D。

15細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Babyfoods,likethegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatarcvsrygood

forkids.Thefoodshavealltheproteinsandvitaminsthatareveryimportantforthekidtogrowstrong.

可知，綠色蔬菜、水果、雞蛋和肉對孩子有好處是因為它們含有豐富的蛋白質和維生素。故選A。

16主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的AstheIndiancultureandthebabyfoodpracticesaregreat,theynever

ruin(heirtraditionalcultureofwhatIndiansinherited.可知,印度文化和嬰兒食品的做法是偉大的,他

們從來沒有破壞從傳統(tǒng)文.化中繼承的東西。再結合全文內容可知，本文.主要講的是?印度的健康嬰

兒食品，故選D。

17?21.D、G、B、E、A

17.根據(jù)failurecanencourageyouonandmakeyou(ryevenharder可知,失敗可以鼓勵你，讓你更

努力，更能成功，故選D。

18.根據(jù)前面的didn'tstartoffsuccessfill可知,開始的時候爐不成功，會遇到很多困難，所以在成

功之前會遇到很多失敗，故選G。

19.根據(jù)Waltdidn'tgiveup,hepackedup,wentloHollywoodandstartedTheWaltDisneyCompany.可

知，他并沒有放棄，而是進軍好萊塢，可以推測，他的公司運行出現(xiàn)了問題，B符合語境，故選

Bo

20.根據(jù)aflawedbusinessmodelthatleftthecompanywithfevzcustomers.可知，一個有缺陷的商業(yè)

模式讓公司有很少的顧客，從而可以知道這樣會給公司帶來虧損，故選E。

21.根據(jù)Ihopethatthesearcinspirationandmotivationfbreveryonewhoaspirestobesuccessful可知

作者希望這些可以激勵每個想獲得成功的人，失敗是很正常的，只有經(jīng)歷了失敗了而依舊沒有放

棄的人才會成功，故選A。

22?36.B、C、D、A、D、A、D、A、D、B、C、C、B、B、D

37.【答案】DearEditor,

I'mwritingtotellyouaboutafoodpoisoningaccident.Severaldaysago,my(1Neighborateabagof

food(2)buyingfromthemarket.Afterthemeal,theyhadstomachachesandtheirfaces⑶turnpale.

(4)Lucky,oneoftheirfriendsfoundtheaccidentandimmediatelycalledanambulance,whichcarried

themquicklytoahospital.Afterseveralhours'treatmenttheyfinallyescaped(5)ofdeath.

Assomeillegalbusinessmenareonlyinterestedinmakingprofitstobecomerich