EnglishGrammarEnglishGrammar班級(jí)：班級(jí)：_______________姓名：_______________Contents目錄詞法專題（一）名詞…………第2頁(yè)詞法專題（二）冠詞…………第5頁(yè)詞法專題（三）形容詞和副詞………………第7頁(yè)詞法專題（四）代詞…………第10頁(yè)詞法專題（五）數(shù)詞…………第13頁(yè)詞法專題（六）介詞…………第14頁(yè)詞法專題（七）動(dòng)詞及其時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)…………第16頁(yè)詞法專題（八）主謂一致……………………第24頁(yè)詞法專題（九）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞…………………第27頁(yè)詞法專題（十）連詞…………第31頁(yè)句法專題（一）句子成分……………………第32頁(yè)句法專題（二）基本句型和句子演變………第34頁(yè)句法專題（三）名詞性從句…………………第36頁(yè)句法專題（四）定語(yǔ)從句……………………第40頁(yè)句法專題（五）狀語(yǔ)從句……………………第44頁(yè)句法專題（六）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句式………………第48頁(yè)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)盤(pán)點(diǎn)…………………第52頁(yè)附：衡中高頻詞整理英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法框架特殊句式特殊句式強(qiáng)調(diào)句：itis/was+句子被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+句子其余成分倒裝句：完全倒裝：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全置于主語(yǔ)之前的句子Theregoesthebell!Atthefootofthemountainliesariver.部分倒裝：只把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前的句子NeverwillIgiveup.Onlybyworkinghard,canwerealizeourdream.形容詞性質(zhì)的從句：__________副詞性質(zhì)的從句：___________名詞性質(zhì)的從句：1__________2__________3__________4__________語(yǔ)法詞法：八大詞類________________________________________________________八大句子成分：_______________________________________________1_________________________2_________________________3_________________________4_________________________5_________________________句子結(jié)構(gòu)按結(jié)構(gòu)分簡(jiǎn)單句并列句：簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句：主句+從句疑問(wèn)句祈使句：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等，以動(dòng)詞原形或名詞開(kāi)頭感嘆句What+a/an+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How+形容詞+a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!一般疑問(wèn)句：將be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞(do/does/did/have/has)移到主語(yǔ)前反義疑問(wèn)句：前肯后否；前否后肯選擇疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句+一般疑問(wèn)句(通常省去與前句相同部分)句法句法陳述句陳述句:肯定句/否定句特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what/when/where/why/which/how...)+一般疑問(wèn)句按按語(yǔ)氣分詞法專題一名詞考點(diǎn)一：名詞的分類類別意義例詞專有名詞表示人、地方、組織、機(jī)構(gòu)、節(jié)日、國(guó)家或事物等專有的名稱America,Betty,theGreatWall,Christmas普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞表示個(gè)別人或事物的名稱actor,brick,dictionary,eraser,garden,hammer,island集體名詞表示若干人或事物的名稱army,class,cattle,people,police,team,youth,staff不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)或材料的名稱bread,cotton,furniture,ink,money,milk,rice,snow,water抽象名詞表示性質(zhì)、行為、狀態(tài)或情感等抽象概念的名稱anger,freedom,life,knowledge,happiness,mind,value,fun考點(diǎn)二：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)dish____________ boss___________ match____________ box___________ month__________baby____________ factory_________ city______________ boy___________ monkey___________tomato__________ hero___________ potato__________ radio__________ photo__________wolf____________ thief___________ half____________ roof__________ belief_________Chinese_________ Japanese____________ Englishman___________German_________foot______________ tooth____________child____________ mouse__________manteacher_________________ passerby_____________ grownup_________sheep_________ fish__________ means__________改錯(cuò)：1)Iwillstay

here

for

one

and

a

half

hour.2)Itriedtogetusedtothelifehereandbegantomakefriendwithpeoplehere.3)Thesecondmanpointedtohisglassandaskediftheangelcouldcurehispooreyesight.4)WhenIwaswalkinghomewithoneofmyfriend,atruckstoppedbesideus.固定詞組:(1)與……交朋友make___________withsb (2)與……樹(shù)敵make_____________withsb(3)向……表示問(wèn)候givemy_________tosb (4)攜手，聯(lián)合join____________withsb(5)與……握手shake_____________withsb (6)向……祝賀___________________tosb(7)為……作準(zhǔn)備make____________forsth (8)情緒高漲inhigh___________________(9)突然哭起來(lái)burstinto_______________考點(diǎn)三：名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)1.物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞一般作不可數(shù)名詞改錯(cuò)：1)Inearlygaveituphalfway,butIstucktoitwithdeterminations.2)We

stopped

to

rest

for

a

while

and

to

drink

some

waters

from

a

stream.2.常見(jiàn)不可數(shù)名詞：progress,information,advice,luggage,baggage,fun,furniture,equipment...usework,equipment...改錯(cuò)：1)HehasmadesuchagreatprogressthathecanwriteemailsingoodChinese.2)Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages.3)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivesomeadvicestome.4)Howfunitistogoforahikeonsuchafineday!3.抽象名詞具體化:強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的一個(gè)人或一件事(surprise,success,danger,fort,knowledge,shock...)改錯(cuò)：1)ItisamustforustohavegoodknowledgeofEnglish. 2)Thereismuchrainhereinsummer.Therewasheavyrainyesterday.3)Ioftenaskhimforhelpandhisadviceisoftengreathelptome. 4)Failureisthemotherofthesuccess.Tomakeitasuccess,I’llnotgiveup.4.特殊名詞形式翻譯：(1)iron鐵—aniron_________________ (2)room______________—aroom房間(3)word____________—aword單詞，話 (4)paper紙—apaper_________________ (5)time時(shí)間—atime/times____________ (6)light______________—alight燈(7)man_____________—aman一個(gè)男人 (8)wood木頭—woods_______________(9)sand沙—sands__________________ (10)work(job可數(shù))工作—works_______(11)change____________—achange變化 (12)exercise鍛煉—exercises__________(13)arm手臂—arms_________________ (14)good益處—goods_______________(15)people人民—peoples_____________ (16)glass玻璃—glasses_______________(17)custom風(fēng)俗—customs_____________ (18)manner方式—manners___________(19)condition狀況—acondition____________conditions_____________考點(diǎn)四：名詞所有格1.’s或s’表所有格，of也可以表所有格，at/insb’s表在...地方(1)兒童節(jié)_______________________ (2)教師節(jié)_______________________(3)母親節(jié)______________________ (4)博士學(xué)位_____________________(5)theloveofamother_____________ (6)alegofthedesk________________(7)inafewdays’time________________ (8)aftertenmiles’walk_______________(9)today’snewspaper________________ (10)Shanghai’stransport_____________(11)atthebarber’s__________________ (12)inmygrandma’s_________________2.雙重所有格：(1)我的一位朋友__________________ (2)我哥哥的兩位同學(xué)_______________3.of屬格的一些形象表達(dá)1)ablanketoffog____________________ 2)arain/showerofarrows______________3)arapidflowoffun__________________ 4)acloudofbees___________________5)awallofwater___________________ 6)aseaofflowers__________________考點(diǎn)五：修飾名詞的單詞和短語(yǔ)1.修飾可數(shù)名詞:many,agood/greatmany,manya,morethanone,afew,quiteafew,few，several,agreat/largenumberof,hundredsof,dozensof2.修飾不可數(shù)名詞：much,(a)little,abitof,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof3.修飾可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞：some,any,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,quantitiesof,massesof,amassof,avarietyof,themajorityof,noneof,考點(diǎn)六：名詞的構(gòu)詞法1.動(dòng)詞變名詞的后綴approve→_______________贊成;批準(zhǔn) arrive→___________到來(lái);到達(dá)survive→________________幸存 propose→___________提議;建議appear→________________出現(xiàn);外貌 guide→_______________指引;指導(dǎo)perform→_______________表演;節(jié)目exist→________________存在;生存 prefer→_______________偏愛(ài)refer→________________參考;查閱attract→______ ________吸引 construct→_____________建設(shè)educate→______________教育 evaluate→_____________評(píng)估graduate→______________畢業(yè) discuss→______________討論;辯論expect→_______________期待;期望 explain→______________解釋consider→______________考慮 imagine→______________想象力starve→________________挨餓 invite→________________邀請(qǐng);請(qǐng)柬decide→_______________決定 admit→_______________接納;準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)hear→_____________聽(tīng)力；聽(tīng)覺(jué) begin→_______________開(kāi)始achieve→______________功績(jī);成就 argue→_______________辯論;論據(jù)treat→_________________對(duì)待;治療 equip→_______________設(shè)備fail→________________失敗;未做(應(yīng)做之事)press→______________壓力mix→______________混合;混合物 depart→_______________離開(kāi);出發(fā)recover→___________恢復(fù);痊愈 discover→_____________發(fā)現(xiàn)grow→_____________成長(zhǎng);發(fā)展 choose→______________選擇vary→_______________多樣化;種類 tend→________________趨向;趨勢(shì)形容詞變名詞的后綴1)short→_________________不足;短缺2)efficient→______________效率;功效 fluent→_______________流利;流暢accurate→_______________準(zhǔn)確性 private→______________隱私;私密free→_________________自由;自主 wise→________________明智;智慧different→______________差異 silent→________________沉默weak→_________________弱點(diǎn) kind→________________仁慈;好意careless→________________粗心大意 dark→________________黑暗strong→________________力量;強(qiáng)項(xiàng) warm→_______________溫暖;熱情true→___________________真相 wide→________________寬disable→_______________無(wú)能;殘疾 responsible→________________責(zé)任difficult→___________困難 cruel→___________殘酷;殘暴 safe→_________安全 表示“人”的后綴1)teach→____________老師village→___________村民 strange→___________陌生人2)lie→______________說(shuō)謊者3)employ→____________受雇者interview→____________被面試者train_________學(xué)員4)invent→____________發(fā)明家act→__________男演員educate→_________教育家;教師5)act→___________女演員god→___________女神host→___________女主人;女主持人6)China→_____________中國(guó)人Japan→_____________日本人7)America→___________美國(guó)人 Australia→_____________澳大利亞人8)music→_________音樂(lè)家history→________歷史學(xué)家politics→_________政治家;政客9)novel→___________小說(shuō)家special→___________專家tour→_________旅行者;觀光者10)serve→_________仆人participate→_______________參加者assist→___________助手即時(shí)訓(xùn)練一．填空：Recent______________(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakesomebreaksregularly.The(life)ofthesepeoplehavefinallybeenrecordedthankstotheeffectsofaFrenchmanfromPariscalledGin.Doyouknowhowmany_(woman)astronautshavetraveledinspaceallovertheworld?Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___(introduce)ofelectricpoweredenginesandlifts.Shehasturneddownthe_____________(invite)tostarattheTalentshowinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_____________(attract).That’sagood____(suggest)thatyoushouldfirstbuyasecondhandcarifyoudon’thavemoneyforanewone.WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith________________(patient).Myfirst_____________(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.Your____(perform)asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonwhatyoulearn.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoythepleasureand_____________(convenient)ofonlineshoppingwithouttheconcernofbeingcheated.Observingandexperiencingsuchthingsgavehugejoyand________________(please)Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthegirl’actof_________(brave).Aftermy____________(graduate)fromhighschool,Idecidedtogoonwithfurtherstudy.詞法專題二冠詞冠詞的概念、分類和用法漢語(yǔ)詞法中無(wú)冠詞之說(shuō)，這是英語(yǔ)詞法所獨(dú)有的一類詞，而且只有三個(gè)，即a，an,the。冠詞是一種虛詞，用在名詞或名詞詞組的前面，表示名詞是特指還是泛指。冠詞可分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。如果不需要冠詞時(shí)，就叫零冠詞。不定冠詞有a,an；定冠詞只有the?？键c(diǎn)一：定冠詞定冠詞常用來(lái)表特指，具體用法如下：特指上文提及的人、物；談話雙方都知道的人、物；獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物Isawahomelessdogandsentthedoghome./Openthedoorplease./themoon與形容詞連用表一類人，與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用表一類。如:therich,theyoung,thewounded/Thetigerisindangerofdistinction(滅絕).與表度量單位的名詞連用，表示“按……”。如:Ihiredthecarbythehour./Heispaidbytheyear./Tomatoesaresoldbythekilogram.序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)前。如:thefirstlesson/themostbeautifulgirlinourclass特殊的比較結(jié)構(gòu)前。如：①用于“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“越……越……”之意。Themorewedoforthepeople,thehappierwe’llbe.我們?yōu)槿嗣褡龅迷蕉嗑驮叫腋?。②用在“the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“兩個(gè)中較……的一個(gè)”。Sheisthetallerofthetwogirls.她是兩個(gè)女孩子中個(gè)子較高的那一個(gè)。the用在年代、朝代及逢十的數(shù)詞(表示某個(gè)年代)前：theTangDynasty唐朝 inthe1990's在20世紀(jì)90年代西洋樂(lè)器前：playthepiano/playtheviolin.姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前表夫婦倆或一家人:theGreens河流、山脈前:theReadSea/theEnglishChannel/theHimalayas常用的固定搭配（見(jiàn)第六部分）考點(diǎn)二：不定冠詞不定冠詞通常用在首次提到的或不限定的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表泛指。具體用法如下：1.表示“一”的概念：Heboughtabook./Takethemedicinethreetimesaday./Theyareofanage.與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用表一類eg.Afoxcan’thideitstail.用于序數(shù)詞之前，表示數(shù)量或序數(shù)的增加，意為“又一”“再一”I'lltryasecondtime.Theyhadathirdchild.用于物質(zhì)名詞前，使之轉(zhuǎn)化為具體名詞，表示“一種”“一陣”“一杯之量”等。Therewasaheavyrainyesterday.I'dlikeateaandacoffee,please.用于指人的專有名詞前，指某人、某人的作品或藝術(shù)品、像……似（式）的人等。ASmithwantstoseeyou.HetriestobeaLeiFeng.用于表示“非?！薄昂堋钡纫饬x的most前。Thisisamostmovingstory.Qingdaoisamostattractivecityinsummer用于抽象名詞前，使之具體化，表示與之相關(guān)的具體的人或事。Hewasasuccessinbusiness.It'sapleasuretostudy.特殊用法和固定結(jié)構(gòu)見(jiàn)后續(xù)講解?？键c(diǎn)三：區(qū)分a不定冠詞a/an1)______Europeancountry/usedcar/usefultool/university/oneleggedman/universalhabit/uniquestyle2)______hour/honour/uncle/oldman/honestboy/eightyearoldboy/engineer考點(diǎn)四：區(qū)分泛指與特指Iwanttoeat______thirdappleonthedesk.VSIhaveeatentwoapples,andIwanttoeat_______thirdapple.Everyoneknows______MrSmith./Tom,someoneiswaitingforyououtside,____MrSmith,butIdon’tknowhim.Let’smeeton______Sunday./Hecameon________coldSunday.Weadmire_______Edison./Theboywillbe________Edison.Actandprotect_______world./Let’screate______happierworld.Look!_______moonisbeautiful./Inthewesternsky,thereis_____bigroundmoon.Theboysshoutedin______surprise./Itwas______surprisetoseeyouhere.Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_______bettervoice.考點(diǎn)五：零冠詞1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞表一類時(shí)無(wú)冠詞，專有名詞前通常無(wú)冠詞Booksaremybestfriends./LuXunisagreatChinesewriter./Honestyisthebestpolicy.2.季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日、一日三餐前無(wú)冠詞。Springisthebestseasonoftheyear./Supperisready./Let’smeetonSunday.3.球類、棋類、學(xué)科、語(yǔ)言前無(wú)冠詞。Helikesfootball./He’sgoodatphysics./Let’splaychess.改錯(cuò)：1)XiJinping,apresidentofChina,isvisitingAmericanextweek.2)Wemustbehonest,becauseahonestyisthebestpolicy.3)Hurryup,thesupperisready.4)Let’smeetontheSunday.5)Heisgoodatthephysics.6)Twothirdsofthestudentsareplayingthefootball.考點(diǎn)六：固定搭配不定冠詞haveacold haveagoodtime makealivingasaresult asamatteroffact inahurryinaword atadistance forawhilemakeanattack makeadifference makeanoteof playapartin payavisitto goforawalkhaveaneffecton holdapositiveattitudeto takeone’splacehaveaknowledge/mandof定冠詞catchsbbythearm atthesightof atthesametimeonthecontrary inthe1830s inthedistancebytheway intheend makethemost/bestofinthechargeofsb ontheincrease atthemercyof taketheplaceof inthepossessionofsb onthespot零冠詞efirstintherace catchsightof etolifetakeeffect dogood/harm/wrongto eintopoweratfirstsight/glance inspace insocietyinnature bylength attachimportancetobyair inchargeofs.th inpossessionofs.thbeinbadcondition inconsequence makefunofinmemory/honourof inneedof inpeacetakeplace putonweight即時(shí)訓(xùn)練一、填空1.Longlongagotherewas________oldkingwhohad________verybeautifuldaughter.2.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkingefficiency,itwillbe________mustforyoutomake_______mostofyourtime.3.—Well,thatisoneof________mostexpensivehotelsintown,I'mafraid.—Doyoumeanwe'dbetterchoose________cheaperone?4.Hereis________verypersonwearelookingfor,onewith________goodknowledgeofGerman.5.TodaytheInternetisplaying________importantandessentialroleinourlife.6.Finally,Iaccepted________offerofan80yearoldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.感悟：1.學(xué)會(huì)判斷是否填冠詞①如果空格后的名詞或“形容詞＋名詞”前沒(méi)有形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格或指示代詞等限定詞，則很可能填冠詞；②如果空格及后面的名詞可翻譯成“一”的概念，一般填a/an，表示泛指時(shí)用不定冠詞(元音音素前用an，輔音音素前用a。表示特指時(shí)用定冠詞the。如果翻譯成“這/那”的概念，一般填the；③如果名詞后有of短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞或從句等作定語(yǔ)，則很可能填the。2.熟記含冠詞的固定搭配。詞法專題三形容詞&副詞考點(diǎn)一:形容詞、副詞的句法功能形容詞在句子中可以做定語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；副詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞以及句子。Shesoundedmore_______________(confidence)thanshefelt.2.Youmustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtrip______________(enjoy).3.Heachievedan__________________(amaze)success.4.Theadvicegiventousis________________(absolute)right.5._________(thankful),Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.6.Hereturnedhome,_______(safe)andsound.He_________(safe)returnedhome.7.翻譯：Alltheexpertspresentatthemeetingpointedoutthatthepresentsituationscalledformoreinvestment.（）（）8.翻譯：Thosewhohavenomoneyleftputupyourlefthands.（）（）考點(diǎn)二：形容詞變副詞1.dangerous________________ narrow_________________ absolute________________immediate________________ plete______________ accurate________________wonderful________________ careful________________ fortunate____________ extreme___________2.angry___________ busy_____________ easy___________ healthy___________3.possible__________ probable__________ terrible_________ simple__________ gentle_________4.特殊true_________ full__________ shy_________ whole__________ basic____________注意：ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：friendlyelderlytimelydeadlylivelylovelylikelydailylonelymanlytimelyorderlydisorderlyuglymotherly考點(diǎn)三：常見(jiàn)形容詞副詞辨析1.deep/deeply:deep意思是"深",表示空間深度；deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"Althoughitwasintothenight,alltheviewerswere___________movedbytheplay.Theworkersdug__________intothewell.2.high/highly:high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于muchDon’tjump_________,youmayhurtyourself.MrDengthought_____________ofthereformsinthecity.3.close/closely:close意思是"近""親密的”；closely意思是"仔細(xì)地"“密切地”Sheis____________connectedwiththiscase.Heisa__________friendofmyuncle’s.4.hard/hardly:hardadj.堅(jiān)固的;艱難的；adv.有力地；努力地/hardly表幾乎不Heworksso____________heisusedtowork.句子有誤Wehadbegunourwalkwhenit________begantorain.句子有誤5.wide/widely:wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是"廣泛地"，"在許多地方"I’dliketosleepwiththewindows___________open.Englishis_____________usedallovertheworld.6.late/later/latest/latelya.lateadj.遲的；晚的；末期的；最近的；已故的。adv.晚；遲b.lateradv.后來(lái)；稍后/adj.后來(lái)的；以后的；c.latestadj.最新的；最后的d.latelyadv.最近練習(xí)：Better_________thannever.Let'sconsiderthequestion___________.HaveyouseenPeter___________?Hereisthe___________issueofChinaDaily.7.其余?？急嫖? ever/never here/there however/therefore beside/besides ago/beforefree/freely near/nearly most/mostly考點(diǎn)四：比較結(jié)構(gòu)1.寫(xiě)出下列各詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式1)cold___________strong___________narrow___________clever___________2)nice__________large__________wide__________simple___________polite___________3)early__________busy__________dirty__________heavy___________happy___________4)thin___________fat___________hot___________big___________red___________5)important___________successful___________useful___________expensive___________特殊變化形式:單詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellfarbad/illmany/mucholdlittlewellknownlate注意:本身已含有比較，最高級(jí)的詞有：superior(較高的) senior(年長(zhǎng)的) junior(級(jí)別低的) major(主要的) empty(空的)minor(次要的) favourite(最喜歡的) latest（最新的) excellent（優(yōu)秀的）2.同級(jí)比較1)Greenisnot________strictateacherasMr.White.2)Henryisaworker_______goodasPeter.=Henryis_____goodaworkerasPeter.=Henryissuchagoodworker_____Peter.3.倍數(shù)+as+adj.+as=倍數(shù)+the+n+of=倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than1)Thisbridgeisthreetimes_____longasthatone.=Thisbridgeisthreetimes__________thanthatone.=Thisbridgeisthreetimesthe________ofthatone.4.比較級(jí)修飾比較級(jí)的副詞：much,even,far,rather,still,alittle,alot,byfar1)Mybrotherismuch______（tall）thanI.2)Travellinginthecityis_______________（convenient）thaninthecountryside.3)MyEnglishisgettingbetter_______better.4)Theolderyouget,the________(wise)youwillbee.5)Ihaveneverreada___________(good)storythanthisone.6)Weshouldhelpthosewhoare____________(little)fortunatethanus.7)Tomisthe__________(tall)ofthetwoboys.8)Sheismorethanhappytoseehimoffattheairport.______________9)Heismorebravethanwise.______________10)Sheisnotsomuchpoorascarelesswithmoney.______________11)Hecannotsomuchasspellthissimpleword.______________考點(diǎn)五：最高級(jí)Thetheateristhe___________(old)inLondon.Ihaveneverspenta____________(happy)day.Ican’tagree__________(much).SotakeactionasplannedThisisthemostdifficultproblemfacingus.________________Thisisamostdifficultproblemfacingus._________________考點(diǎn)六：形容詞后綴1.名詞→形容詞1)y:rainy,sunny,funny,lucky,foggy,健康的_____________多云的____________富裕的____________2)ful:感謝的__________有用的___________有幫助的__________成功的___________仔細(xì)的___________3)ese/ish/an:fool_________愚蠢的,self____________自私的,child______________幼稚的___________Japanese,Egyptian埃及人,American,Irish愛(ài)爾蘭人,Finnish芬蘭人,威爾士人____________4)ous:poisonous,nervous,dangerous,various,famous,generous,焦急的____________好奇的____________5)ly:friendly,lovely,likely,monthly,quarterly每季的,每天的___________,昂貴的____________6)less:careless,homeless,penniless,hopeless,無(wú)用的____________無(wú)價(jià)的______________7)ant/ent:important,significant有意義的,不同的______________,沉默的_____________,有耐心的___________,有自信的__________,convenient____________8)al:cultural,natural,national,chemical,medical,industrial,有益的___________,農(nóng)業(yè)的_______________9)ive:passive被動(dòng)的,expensive昂貴的,progressive進(jìn)步的,積極的________,有效的__________10)tic/fic:systematic有系統(tǒng)的,fantastic極好的,科學(xué)的__________,具體的______________11)en:woollen毛的,wooden木制的,金色的___________12)some:handsome,tiresome煩人的,quarrelsome愛(ài)吵架的,令人煩惱的______________13)free:carefree無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的,interestfree無(wú)利息的,dutyfree__________,taxfree___________,alcoholfree____________練習(xí)：1)Snakesare____________(danger),soyoumustbe__________(care)whenstayingoutdoors.2)Therearemany_______________(nature)disastershappeningeveryyear.3)Takean__________(act)partinallkindsofoutofclassactivities.4)Takesome_________(effect)measurestodowithpollutioninour__________(day)life.2.動(dòng)詞→形容詞1)able:unforgettable,bearable,acceptable,understandable,有價(jià)值的___________,有道理的___________2)sible:responsible,sensible敏感的,可用的__________3)tive:defensive防御性的,preventive預(yù)防性的,吸引人的__________,多產(chǎn)的_____________,保護(hù)性的___________4)ing:disappointing;shocking驚奇的,inviting迷人的,有前途的___________,領(lǐng)先的____________5)ed:skilled熟練的,injured受傷的,advanced高級(jí)的,迷惑的__________,有決心的________6)y:sticky黏的,picky愛(ài)挑剔的,slippery滑的,嚇人的__________練習(xí)：1)Whatyousaidsounded_____________(reason)and______________(value).2)Moyanisa_____________(produce)writerforhewillfinishseveralnovelsinayear.3.復(fù)合形容詞1)hardworking____________ 2)welleducated_____________ 3)bittersweet__________4)timeconsuming__________ 5)manmade________________ 6)coldblooded_________7)absentminded___________ 8)easygoing___________4.用加詞綴的方法把下列名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~1)value_______________ 2)care________________ 3)science______________4)danger_______________ 5)weight________________ 6)smell_______________7)develop_______________ 8)wood________________ 9)fun_______________10)west_______________ 11)luck_____________ 12)medicine___________13)nature___________ 14)politics_______________ 15)hunger_____________16)Europe____________ 17)surprise____________ 18)anger_____________19)beauty_______________ 20)success____________即時(shí)訓(xùn)練語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)：1）形容詞變副詞；2）形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)；3）形容詞變名詞。（形容詞修飾名詞或者放在be動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞后面充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)；副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，過(guò)去分詞，或整個(gè)句子）4）注意常用副詞however，besides.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis_______(gradual)gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthe________(new)oneshehasevergot.Shehasneverseena_________(bad)filmsolongassheremembered.Iknowmysister________(well)thananyoneelse.Onceshehadmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Ofthetwosisters,Bettyisthe________(young)one,andsheistheonewholovestobequiet.Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,should__________(probable)earnourrespect.7.Whenwegotthere,wefoundthesituationwasmuch________(bad)thanexpected.8.Hesmokesso__________(heavy)thathecoughsdayandnight.9.Doyouknowthe__________(deep)oftheriver?10.ThemoreItalkaboutit,the__________(little)Icanthinkaboutitbymyself.11.Thewindwasblowing_______________(strong)anditbecameeven_________(cold)．詞法專題四代詞一、定義代詞是指代人或事的詞,主要替代名詞以及起名詞作用的短語(yǔ)/不定式/動(dòng)名詞/從句或句子,以避免重復(fù)。LearningEnglishishard,butitcanbeeeasyifyouadoptarightmethod.二、代詞的分類分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格Iyouhe，she，itweyouthey賓格youyou物主代詞形容詞性myyourouryour名詞性反身代詞yourselfhimself，herself，itselfyourselves指示代詞this，that，suchthese，those，such相互代詞賓格eachother，oneanother所有格eachother’s，oneanother’s不定代詞普通不定代詞some，any，no，somebody，anybody，nobody，someone，anyone，noone，something，anything，nothing，none個(gè)體代詞all，every，each，other，another，either，neither，both，half，everybody，everyone，everything數(shù)量代詞many，much，(a)few，(a)little，alot，agreatdeal疑問(wèn)代詞who，whom，whose，which，what連接代詞who，whom，whose，which，what(用法請(qǐng)參閱名詞性從句部分)關(guān)系代詞who，whom，whose，which，that(用法請(qǐng)參閱定語(yǔ)從句部分)三、考點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)一:主格、賓格、單復(fù)數(shù)、性別、形容詞名詞分清楚。（以下為單句改錯(cuò)題）Peoplegiveuphisdreamsforthisorthatreason.Someclassmatesarefeelingreallyworriedabouttheexam，butIdon'ttakethemsoseriously.Assoonasthestudentsrushedintothebathroom,theytookofftheirclothesandhungitonthehooks（掛鉤）.考點(diǎn)二:反身代詞別亂用。（以下為單句改錯(cuò)題）TomtaughthimChinese.Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhim.Mymothertakesgoodcareofmyself.考點(diǎn)三:all，both，either，any，none，neither都任何一個(gè)都不部分否定兩者botheitherneither＝noteitherboth和not連用三者或三者以上allanynone＝notanyall和not連用Iinvitedthreefriendstomyparty,but________ofthemcame.Iinvitedthreefriendstomypartyand__________ofthemcame.YoucanetomeonFriday,SaturdayorSunday.________isok._________ofmyparentslovetravelling.Ifeellonelybecause___________ofmyparentsisathome.Therearetwobooks._______________isok.考點(diǎn)四:none，nothing，noone/nobodynonenone既指人也指物，后面可接of短語(yǔ)，一般用來(lái)回答howmany，howmuch和which的提問(wèn)nothingnothing只指物，后面不能接of短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)回答what的提問(wèn)noone/nobodynoone和nobody只指人不指物，其后不接of短語(yǔ)，一般回答who的提問(wèn)_________ofthethreegirlslovessports.Heshoutedforhelp,but__________came.—Whatdidyoubuyyesterday?—____________.Nikiisalwaysfullofideas，but________isusefultomyknowledge.—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?—__________.—Howmanybooksdidyoubuy?—____________.—Whoisintheclassroom?—____________.考點(diǎn)五：somebody,anybody,nobody/noone/everybody(something/anything/nothing/everything)somebody某個(gè)人，有人，用于肯定句anybody某個(gè)人，有人，用于疑問(wèn)和否定句，任何人,用于肯定句noone/nobody沒(méi)有人everybody每個(gè)人_______________hasbrokenintothehouse.—Is______________intheclassroom?—Yes,therearethreegirls.—Is________________intheclassroom?—No,Tomhasn’teyet.考點(diǎn)六：other，theother，others，theothers，anothertheothertheother指兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”，常與one連用，構(gòu)成“one...theother...”(一個(gè)……；另一個(gè)……)another單獨(dú)使用，泛指三者或三者以上的人或中的“另一個(gè)”，代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。常與one連用，構(gòu)成one...another...泛指；與數(shù)詞連用，表示“又、再”eg.Hewalkedforanotherfivemiles.others，theothersothers泛指“其余的人或物”，相當(dāng)于“other＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，不能作定語(yǔ)，常構(gòu)成some...others...。theothers特指“其余的所有人或物”，相當(dāng)于“theother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”Thisshirtistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowme_________.Thereare45studentsinourclass.20aregirlsand________________areboys.Heputonehandinhispocketand_____________washoldingacigar.SomestudentsarenamedWang,somearenamedZhangand____________arenamedLi.Walk_____________fivemilesandwewillbehome.考點(diǎn)七：部分否定和全部否定Notallthatglitters(發(fā)光)isgold.=Allthatglittersisnotgold.Idon’tlikeeachofthebooks.Nooneisperfect.Everythingisnotready.①noone，none，nobody，nothing，not...any/either以及“no＋名詞”都表示全部否定；譯為：全都不……；沒(méi)有一個(gè)……②all，both，everyone/everybody/everything以及“every＋名詞”與not連用時(shí)，表部分否定，譯為“并非全部/每個(gè)/兩個(gè)都……”。考點(diǎn)八：It的用法總結(jié)指代前面所提到過(guò)的事情、事物、想法等，也可指代不清楚或沒(méi)必要知道性別的說(shuō)話對(duì)象。還指代時(shí)間、地