清單01必背固定搭配和派生詞及對點(diǎn)精練考查范圍與核心要求詞匯量基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高考學(xué)考有明確要求掌握約的核心詞匯，其中包含習(xí)慣用語及固定搭配，以及通過詞根詞綴擴(kuò)展的派生詞體系。核心詞匯（約1500個）需全面掌握“拼寫+詞性+搭配+語境用法”，派生詞則側(cè)重構(gòu)詞規(guī)則的靈活應(yīng)用。固定搭配分類要求介詞搭配：占虛詞考查的10%，重點(diǎn)是“形容詞+介詞”（如beinterestedin）、“動詞+介詞”（如lookforwardto）及獨(dú)立介詞短語（如inadditionto）；冠詞/代詞搭配：高頻考點(diǎn)包括含冠詞的固定詞組（如inahurry、onthespot）和代詞固定結(jié)構(gòu)（如takeitforgrantedthat）；either...or...when...either...or...）、從屬連詞（beabouttodosth.when...）及動詞短語（如devoteoneselftodoing）為考查核心。派生詞考查維度聚焦“實詞變形四大方向”：動詞→名詞（如vary→variety）、形容詞→副詞（如lucky→luckily）；否定前綴（un、dis）、名詞后綴（tion、ment）等構(gòu)詞法應(yīng)用；語境中詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的準(zhǔn)確性（如修飾句子需用副詞形式）。 學(xué)考必背固定搭配（按考頻優(yōu)先級分類）一、第一優(yōu)先級（年年考?核心必背?50個）1.接todo（動詞不定式）wanttodosth.想要做某事【例句】Shewantstostudyabroadnextyear.（她明年想出國留學(xué)。）hopetodosth.希望做某事【例句】Wehopetowinthematch.（我們希望贏得比賽。）decidetodosth.決定做某事【例句】HedecidedtotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontest.（2024?全國卷Ⅰ）trytodosth.努力做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事promisetodosth.承諾做某事refusetodosth.拒絕做某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事remembertodosth.記得要做某事usedtodosth.過去常常做某事beabletodosth.能夠做某事besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事Ittakessb.timetodosth.花費(fèi)某人時間做某事【例句】Ittookmetwohourstofinishthehomework.（我花了兩小時完成作業(yè)。）It’s+adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.對某人來說做某事是……的【例句】It’simportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.（2023?新高考Ⅱ）inordertodosth.為了做某事2.接doing（動名詞）enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事【例句】Mybrotherenjoysplayingbasketball.（我弟弟喜歡打籃球。）finishdoingsth.完成做某事keepdoingsth.持續(xù)做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事【例句】Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?（2024?浙江卷）giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事【例句】Wearelookingforwardtomeetingthenewteacher.（我們期待見到新老師。）payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事havefundoingsth.做某事很開心havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難spendtime/moneydoingsth.花費(fèi)時間/金錢做某事3.接todo/doing含義不同（常用的5個）結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句forgettodosth.忘記要做某事Sheforgottoposttheletter.（她忘了寄信。）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事Heforgotmeetingherbefore.（他忘了以前見過她。）remembertodosth.記得要做某事Remembertoturnoffthelight.（記得關(guān)燈。）rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事Irememberclosingthedoor.（我記得關(guān)了門。）stoptodosth.停下來做另一件事Hestoppedtotalktome.（他停下來和我說話。）stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.（他們停下工作休息了。）trytodosth.努力做某事Shetriedtosolvetheproblem.（她努力解決問題。）trydoingsth.嘗試做某事Tryaddingsomesugartothecoffee.（試著往咖啡里加些糖。）goontodosth.接著做另一件事HefinishedmathandwentontodoEnglish.（他做完數(shù)學(xué)接著做英語。）goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事Theywentontalkingdespitethenoise.（盡管吵鬧，他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)談話。）4.接sb.todosth.（10個）asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事【例句】Teachersoftenencourageustoaskquestions.（2023?全國卷Ⅱ）warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事5.介詞/形容詞+介詞（5個）ontime（準(zhǔn)時）、intime（及時）辨析：Wearrivedatthestationontime,andcaughtthetrainintime.（我們準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)車站，及時趕上了火車。）atleast（至少）、atmost（至多）begoodat（擅長）、begoodfor（對……有益）beinterestedin（對……感興趣）takecareof（照顧）二、第二優(yōu)先級（高頻考?重點(diǎn)掌握?核心詞匯）1.接todoplantodosth.計劃做某事offertodosth.主動提出做某事managetodosth.設(shè)法做成某事failtodosth.未能做成某事expecttodosth.期望做某事2.接doingavoiddoingsth.避免做某事considerdoingsth.考慮做某事suggestdoingsth.建議做某事missdoingsth.錯過做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事3.接todo/doing含義不同meantodosth.（打算做）；meandoingsth.（意味著做）regrettodosth.（遺憾要做）；regretdoingsth.（后悔做過）學(xué)考必考高頻派生詞（按構(gòu)詞法梳理）注：詞根：決定詞的根本意義前綴：多改變詞義（少數(shù)改詞性）后綴：多改變詞性（少數(shù)改詞義）一、核心前綴及派生詞1.否定意義前綴前綴含義例詞dis不，無disappear（消失）、dishonest（不誠實的）un不，非unhappy（不開心的）、untie（解開）il/im/in/ir不，非illegal（非法的）、impossible（不可能的）、incorrect（不正確的）、irregular（無規(guī)律的）mis誤，錯mislead（誤導(dǎo)）、misfortune（不幸）2.時間/順序前綴ex前任的：exwife（前妻）pre在前：prehistoric（史前的）、prepare（準(zhǔn)備）post在后：postwar（戰(zhàn)后的）、postgraduate（研究生）re再，重：rebuild（重建）、restart（重新開始）3.其他常用前綴anti反對：antiwar（反戰(zhàn)的）、antifreeze（防凍劑）auto自動：automatic（自動的）co共同：cooperation（合作）、coworker（同事）inter互相：interaction（交流）、international（國際的）二、核心后綴及派生詞1.名詞后綴后綴含義例詞tion/sion表行為/結(jié)果action（行動）、decision（決定）、description（描述）ance/ence表狀態(tài)/性質(zhì)acceptance（接受）、dependence（依賴）、importance（重要性）er/or/ian表人teacher（教師）、actor（演員）、musician（音樂家）、librarian（圖書管理員）ness表性質(zhì)happiness（幸福）、kindness（善良）、carelessness（粗心）2.形容詞后綴ful充滿……的：careful（仔細(xì)的）、beautiful（美麗的）less無……的：careless（粗心的）、fearless（無畏的）able/ible可……的：acceptable（可接受的）、possible（可能的）ive表性質(zhì)：active（積極的）、impressive（令人印象深刻的）3.動詞后綴en使……：deepen（加深）、lighten（照亮）、enlarge（擴(kuò)大）ize使……：generalize（概括）、organize（組織）一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Gladlylearningthatyouwillreturntoyourmotherlandandintend(bring)yourmothersomegifts.2．Itissuggestedthatyoushouldpracticemoreondailybasisto(sharp)yourbadmintonskills.3．Physicalisimportant,butathletesalsoneedtotheirmentalresilience.(strength)4．Regulartraininghelpsathletestohighintensityworkouts,andthisiskeytosuccess.(adapt)5．InancientChina,localwouldmooncakeswithspecialmolds,andthesegoodsbecameanessentialpartofMidAutumntraditions.(bakery)6．Confucius,ofConfucianism,manyeducationalideasthatbecametheofChineseculture.(foundation)

7．Ingroupstudy,weshouldavoidlettingonepersonthediscussion;instead,balancedparticipationhelpsreduceexcessiveandcreatesamoreharmoniouslearningatmospherewithoutvoicesovershadowingothers.(dominate)8．IrockmusicbecauseIthinkit’stoonoisy.(like)9．Thisisthecellphonehehad(repair)lastweek.10．Whatyouusuallydoonline?11．IlockthedooryesterdayafternoonwhenIlefttheoffice;butitisstillopen.12．Thecolorfulflowersinthegarden(attract)manybutterflies.13．Notonlyhespeakcorrectly,buthealsospeakseasily.14．NotuntilthenherealizetheimportanceofstudyingEnglish.15．Don’tworry.Ican(defence)myselffrommyenemies.16．I（do）runacrossanoldfriendinthesupermarketyesterday.17．Somepeoplegainweightaftertheystopsmoking.18．Thisbook(sell)wellinourprovince.19．Howlongyousupposeitissincehearrivedandbegantoworkhere?20．BeingexposedtoEnglishfrequently(able)ustohaveagoodknowledgeofthislanguage.21．Thisincidenthas(sharp)publicawarenessoftheeconomiccrisis.22．Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewyoubeabletoseewhataccountstheiremotionsand(empathy)withthem.23．Little(do)IthinkthatIwouldpursuefashiondesignasmyjobandqualifyasafashiondesignereventually.24．AlthoughIhaveforpeopleindifficulty,itisveryhardformetowiththeyoungmanbegginginthestreet;inotherwords,Idonotfeeltowardshimatall.(sympathy)25．NotuntilthenIrealisewordscouldbepowerfulinpositiveandnegativeways.26．Ifyouyourtaskinadvance,youwillhaveasenseof.(fulfilment)27．Wehadplannedtowiththesupplieraboutthepriceoftheproductsbuthemadeitclearthatthepricewasnotsowehadtoendour.(negotiate)28．A“hattrick”(occur)infootballwhenaplayerscoresthreegoalsinasinglegame.29．Don’tputyourpricestoohighoryou’ll(fright)thecustomersaway.30．Notonlythemountainclimbinggetuslosertonature,italsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.31．Thistimenextweek,theexperts(assess)theenvironmentalimpactofthenewproject.32．He(gentle)touchedtheoldphoto,rememberinghischildhoodfriends.33．Thismedicine,discoveryledtothenamingofartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.34．Manycitizensareopposedto(forecast)urbandevelopmentsolelybasedonAIsystem,fearingitwouldignorehumanneeds.35．He(lecture)tohisstudentsonmodernwriterslastclass.36．Eventhoughwegraduatedfromjuniorhighschool,ourgroupchathelpsuskeepintoucheachothereasily.37．Itishardforthechildrentokeeptheirattention(focus)ontheirstudieswithallthenoise.38．Theteachershouldmakean(adjust)tohisteachingmethodsothatthestudentswillnotgetbored.39．Mary,anexchangestudentfromEngland,founditnotso(challenge)tokeepupwithothers.40．Withthedevelopmentofhighspeedrailways,the(distant)betweenourhometownandthebigcityhasbeengreatlyshortened.41．Successfulproblemsolvingoftendependsonapplyinginnovativethinkingand(create)tofinduniquesolutions.42．Thelecturereallyraisedmy(aware)ofmentalhealthissues.43．I’msickandtiredofallthe(argue).44．Everyweekwetakepartin(vary)ofactivitiesinourschool.45．Thelibrariantaughtthestudentshowtosortbooksdifferentsectionsbasedontheirgenresfiction,history,andscience.46．Students’motivationandpassionstudyhavebeenstimulatedasaresultofeducationalreform.47．Theywereabouttoboardtheplanetheyrealizedthey’dlefttheirpassportsatthehotel.48．Theairpollutionresultingindustrialemissionshasraisedconcernsaboutpublichealth.49．We(intend)totakethemorningtraintothecountryside,butheavyrainforcedustochangeourplan.50．Youtoldmetolookoverthehorizonsandtopursuitmyowndreamswithout(hesitate).51．Themanager(apologize)smiledandimmediatelyofferedafreedrinktomakeupforthedelay.52．Thenewpolicyrequires(recycle)factoriestomeetstricterenvironmentalstandardstocutdownonairandwaterpollution.53．ReferencestotheDeclarationof(independent)oftenappearindiscussionsaboutdemocracyandhumanlibertiesworldwide.54．Itisdesiredthataccurateandtimelyweatherwarnings(transmit)toallcoastalmunitiesbeforethestormarrives.55．Thecharity’semergencyreliefprogram(launch)nextweekaimstohelpfloodvictims.56．Itwasthethirdtimethatamunitylibrary(found)inthatruralarea.57．Schedule(permit),I’dliketojointheworkshoponenvironmentalprotectionthisSaturday.58．TheCEOisreported(acknowledge)thepany’sroleintheenvironmentaldamageintheconferencetheotherday.59．Weshouldalwaysrespectthose(mit)topromotingabalancedlifeforteenagers.60．Don’tcallmeat8o’clockthisSaturdayevening—I(attend)mybestfriend’sbirthdaypartythen,andIwon’thavetimetoanswerthephone.二、語篇填空1閱讀下面短文．按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。Mydearstudents,you61(be)highschoolstudentsforhalfayear.Youhavemadelotsoftruefriends,with62youshareyourjoysandsorrows.Growingupmightbeboring,butyoucantrytofind63(happy)whilegrowingup.64(pare)withyourgrowinggains,thegrowingpainsarenothing.Withtimegoingby,youryouthwillleaveyouandwillnevereback.AsyourEnglishteacher,Iwouldliketogiveyousomesuggestions.Firstofall,youshouldlisten65(careful)duringtheclassandsetdown66theteachersaid.Andafterclassyoushouldmakefulluse67everyminutetofinishthehomework.Besides,youarestronglyadvised68(take)anactivepartintheclass.Themoreactiveyouare,69lesstiredyouwillfeelofEnglishlessons.Asanoldsaying70(go):Nothingisdifficultintheworldifyouputyourheartintoit.2閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CraftsmanshipShinesinLondonThe“TiangongKaiwu”Exhibition71(hold)inLondononMay12.OrganizedbytheArtandDesignmagazine,thisculturaleventdrewover140guests,includingartists,academics,andmediaprofessionals.CenteredonreinterpretingancientChinese72(wise)throughmoderndesigns,theexhibitionfeatured120carefullyselectedartworks.73(highlight)includedDulongblanketswithrainbowpatterns,delicatesilveritemscarvedwithhighprecision,74amazingporcelain(瓷器).Thesepieces75(full)demonstratedfourcoreaesthetic(美學(xué)的)principles:MaterialBeauty,ArtisanIngenuity,Vessels’Elegance,andTimelessRelevance.76(divide)intothreesections,theexhibitionunderlinedhowtraditionaltechniquesfuelruraldevelopmentandcrossculturaldialogues.Dr.DavidFrancisoftheUniversityofLondonnoted,“SeeingDulongmasterpiecesinLondonisextremelyexcitingChinaissafeguardingitsheritagewhile77(enable)itsevolution.”Running78May18,theexhibitionhostedworkshopsandlectures79(deepen)SinoBritishcreativeexchanges.AsGuySalter,LondonCraftWeekfounder,observed,Chinesecraftsmanshipperfectlyinterprets“harmonybetweenhumanityandnature”,80philosophynowpopularglobally.3閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AttheseventhSilkRoad(Dunhuang)InternationalCulturalExpo,GansurevealedarestoredCave57fromMogaoGrottoes.81(bring)tolifeviaadvanced3Dreconstruction,thisversionhasimpressedvisitorswithhighprecision.Itreplicates(復(fù)制)thecave’soriginalstructure,muralcolorsandsculpturalcharm,82(make)therestorationnearlyidenticaltotheoriginal.Gansu’sDigitalDunhuanginitiativehasalsoprogressed.ItsDigitalLibraryCaveplatformnow83(hold)over74,000entries,includingdocuments,sutrasandimages.84makestheplatformvaluableisthatitreunitesDunhuangrelicsthataredispersedoverseas.TheseeffortsshowGansu’sdedication85protectinglocalheritage.Thisyear,theprovinceallocated103millionyuanforrelicprotectionandlaunchedover60projectsaimedatgrottoprotectionandexhibition.86(notable),GansuhasdevelopedDunhuangAcademyintoatopheritageprotectioncenter.AsaSilkRoadculturalgem,theacademyexploresarangeofnew87(way)inrelicprotection,digitalpreservationandacademicresearch.DunhuangAcademysupervisesthreeUNESCOWorldHeritagesites:theMogaoGrottoes,MaijishanGrottoesandBinglingTempleGrottoes,88spanover1,500kilometersaltogether,turningitintoChina’slargestculturalinsti