高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省吉安市上進(jìn)聯(lián)考紅十校聯(lián)盟2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AA:UGREEN20,000mAh100WPowerBank,NexodePortableChargerUSBC3-Port(接口)PDFastChargingBatteryPackDigitalDisplayforMacBook,iPad,iPhone16,GalaxyS24Ultra,SteamDeck,DellXPSandMore:CellPhones&Accessories.UGREEN20,000mAh100WPowerBankConnectorTypeUSBTypeC+USBTypeABrandUGREENBatteryCapacity20,000MilliampHoursColorDarkGreySpecialFeaturesDigitalDisplayofRemainingBatteryPower,AutoShut-Off,USBCtoCCable1,100WFastCharging,65WRechargeAboutthisitem:Thispowerful100WpowerbankisequippedwithtwoUSBCportsandone22.5WUSBAport.MacbookPro16canbechargedto42%injust30minutes,andiPhone15canbechargedto55%in30minutes.TheOUTIportcannotonlyfastchargeyourdevicesbutalsoprovide65Wefficientchargingforthechargeritself.Afullchargetakesonly1.6hours.5timesfasterthanordinarypowerbanks—saygoodbyetowaiting.UgreenUSBCbatterypackcanmeet5-7daysofbatterylife,fullychargeiPhone15Proupto4.5timesandMacBookAir15upto1.1times,idealfortraveling,businesstrips,camping,orotheroutdooractivities.Advancedtechnologyallowsthisbatterypacktoreducethebatterysizewithoutaffectingchargingefficiency.It’s20%lighterthansimilarpowerbanks,reducingtheburdenonyourtrip.This100Wchargercanmeetvariouschargingneedsindailylife,includingmostlaptops,tablets,andphones,andalsosupportssmallerdevicessuchasAirPods,fitnesstrackers,smartwatches,etc.1.Whatisoneofthefeaturesofthepowerbank?A.Dailybatterycycle. B.Light-coloredshell.C.Visiblebatterycapacity. D.Voice-controlledswitch.2.Whatcanthepowerbankdotobenefitusers?A.Offer100Wchargingtoitself. B.Chargethreedevicestogether.C.Reachafullchargeinanhour. D.Keepthesamechargingspeed.3.Whichwordscanbestdescribethepowerbank?A.Water-proofandwireless. B.Long-lastingandfoldable.C.Space-savingandadaptable. D.AI-poweredandlightweight.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹綠聯(lián)20000mAh100W充電寶的信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中SpecialFeatures部分提到的“DigitalDisplayofRemainingBatteryPower,AutoShut-Off,USBCtoCCable1,100WFastCharging,65WRecharge(剩余電量數(shù)字顯示屏、自動(dòng)關(guān)機(jī)功能、附帶1根USB-C轉(zhuǎn)C充電線、100W快充、65W自充電)”可知，用戶可以直觀地看到充電寶的剩余電量。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aboutthisitem部分中提到的“Thispowerful100WpowerbankisequippedwithtwoUSBCportsandone22.5WUSBAport.(這款強(qiáng)大的100W充電寶配有2個(gè)USB-C輸出接口和1個(gè)22.5WUSB-A輸出接口)”可知，這款充電寶配備2個(gè)USBC接口和1個(gè)USBA接口，共3個(gè)接口，可以同時(shí)為3臺(tái)設(shè)備充電。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Aboutthisitem部分中提到的“Advancedtechnologyallowsthisbatterypacktoreducethebatterysizewithoutaffectingchargingefficiency.(先進(jìn)的技術(shù)使這款充電寶在不影響充電效率的前提下縮小了體積)”及“This100Wchargercanmeetvariouschargingneedsindailylife,includingmostlaptops,tablets,andphones,andalsosupportssmallerdevicessuchasAirPods,fitnesstrackers,smartwatches,etc.(這款100W充電器可滿足日常生活中各種設(shè)備的充電需求，包括大多數(shù)筆記本電腦、平板電腦和手機(jī)，同時(shí)也支持AirPods、健身追蹤器、智能手表等小型設(shè)備)”可知，這款移動(dòng)電源體現(xiàn)了節(jié)省空間和適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。故選C。BNotlongago,themovieadaptationofTigerEyesairedonTV.It’saboutDavey,aJerseygirlwhosefatherwasshotandkilledonesummernight.Then,shemovedalongwithhermomandyoungerbrothertoNewMexicotorecoverinthehomeofherverycontrollingauntanduncle.Daveystartedhangingoutinacanyon(峽谷)toescapethediscomfortatheraunt’s,andthatwaswhereshemetWolf,amysterious,slightlyolderguy.Hebecameafriendandguideassheeasedhersadnessandgainedconfidence.Ihadn’tseenthismoviebefore.I’dsayit’sinmytopfiveofbelovedbookadaptations.Surprisingly,myfavoritescenewasonethatwasn’tinthebook.WolfbroughtDaveytoatribal(部落的)ceremony.Duringtheparty,oneoftheleadersbroughthimintothecenterofthebonfire(篝火)circle.ThetribewasawarethatWolfwasfacingthelossofafamilymember,andtheleadertoldhimthathehadeveryone’ssupportandwasnotalone.HeputafeatherinWolf’shairasasymbolofhislife,toremindhimthathewasalivedespitehissuffering.Thenhelaidhandsonhimandsangablessingoverhim.Thisscenedeeplystirredme.Soofteninourcommunities,weclaimtobethereforeachotherandevenpraytogether,butIthinkthere’ssomethingpowerfulaboutmakingaceremonyofthatsupport.I’mnotsayingweshouldmakeabonfirecircleeverytimesomeonehasabadday,butmaybetherearemorepresent,earthywaystoexpressloveandencouragement.I’mgoingtoreflectonthis.Sometimesasimplehugoratouchonthebackismorecomfortingthanalotofgoodwords.Somanyofusareconstantlyrunningalackoftouch,andit’snotonlythesinglepeople.4.WhatdoweknowaboutDavey’sexperiences?A.Shesawherfatherbeingshot. B.Shehatedtheairatheraunt’s.C.Shegotonbadlywithherbrother. D.Shesoughtforasenseofmystery.5.WhatdidthetriballeaderteachWolf?A.Thebasisoftrust. B.Thenatureoflife.C.Thepowerofcommunity. D.Theimportanceoffamily.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stirred”meaninparagraph3?A.Moved. B.Humbled. C.Annoyed. D.Frightened.7.Howcanwecomfortothersaccordingtotheauthor?A.Byseeingfromtheirsides. B.Bysayinginspiringwords.C.Byofferingpracticaladvice. D.Byvaluingphysicalcontact.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了電影《TigerEyes》中Davey的經(jīng)歷，重點(diǎn)描述了電影中的部落儀式給作者帶來(lái)的觸動(dòng)，進(jìn)而展現(xiàn)身體接觸等樸實(shí)的方式在安慰他人時(shí)的重要性?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Daveystartedhangingoutinacanyon(峽谷)toescapethediscomfortatheraunt’s.(Davey開(kāi)始在峽谷里閑逛，以逃避在姨媽家的不適感。)”可知，她厭惡姨媽家的氛圍。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThetribewasawarethatWolfwasfacingthelossofafamilymember,andtheleadertoldhimthathehadeveryone’ssupportandwasnotalone.(部落知道沃爾夫正面臨失去家人的痛苦，首領(lǐng)告訴他，他得到了所有人的支持，并不孤單。)”可知，部落首領(lǐng)讓W(xué)olf明白社區(qū)的力量。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thisscenedeeplystirredme.Soofteninourcommunities,weclaimtobethereforeachotherandevenpraytogether,butIthinkthere’ssomethingpowerfulaboutmakingaceremonyofthatsupport.(這一幕深深地stirred我。在我們的社區(qū)里，我們經(jīng)常聲稱彼此在一起，甚至一起祈禱，但我認(rèn)為舉行這種支持儀式是有力量的。)”可知，這個(gè)場(chǎng)景讓作者深受觸動(dòng)，stirred意為“感動(dòng)”，與moved同義。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Sometimesasimplehugoratouchonthebackismorecomfortingthanalotofgoodwords.(有時(shí)候，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的擁抱或拍拍后背比很多好聽(tīng)的話更能讓人感到安慰。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為重視身體接觸能安慰他人。故選D。CParkinson’slawstates:“Workexpandssoastofillthetimeavailableforitscompletion.”Inotherwords,thingsbecomehardertocompletewhenmoretimeisgiventocompletethemasthebuild-uptothetaskbecomesstressfulandfrightening.Parkinson’slawisnotascientificprinciple.Instead,itissimplyanobservationofaphenomenonmanypeopleincludingscientistshaveexperiencedratherthanduginto.AsfirstdescribedbyCyrilNorthcoteParkinsonina1955humoressaypublishedinTheEconomist,itcanexplaintheexpansionoforganizations.However,itcanalsobeahelpfulwaytothinkaboutothertypesofwork,includingpersonalproductivity.Thecomplexityofatasktendstogrowwhenmoretimeisdistributedforitscompletion.Whenyoufindyourselffinishingthetask,youmightfeelasenseofreliefbutalsowonderwhytheprojectbecamesomuchmoreofaburdeninyourmindthanitwasinreallife.The“extratime”thatthetaskrequiresoftenisn’trelatedtothetaskitself—it’smentalstresscausedbyworryingaboutgettingitdone.InParkinson’soriginalexample,awoman’staskforthedaywasjusttomailapostcard.Asaresultofhavingtheentiredaytocompletethesimpletask,theamountofworkandtimerequiredexpandedtofillthewholeday.Thefictionalwomanspentahalf-hoursearchingforherreadingglasses.Writingthepostcardtookanothertwohours.Moretimewasspentfindingastamp,writingtheaddress,andwalkingthepostcardtothepostoffice.Onereasonwhythisphenomenonhappensliesinhowpeopletendtoapproachtasks.Researchindicatesthatwhenpeoplestartanewproject,theytendtofocusonhowmuchtimetheyhaveavailabletodoitinsteadofhowmuchtimethetaskwouldtaketocomplete.WhileParkinson’slawisaphenomenonthatcanleadtowastedtimeandinefficientwork,itdoesn’thavetobeaproblemifyou’reawareofit.8.WhydoesParkinson’slawfailtobeascientificprinciple?A.Itlacksprofoundresearch. B.Itservescertainenterprises.C.Ithasshallowimplications. D.Itaimstouncoveranissue.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlydiscussaboutParkinson’slaw?A.Itspresentsituation. B.Itsunderlyinglogic.C.Itsmentalinfluence. D.Itsunnoticedworth.10.WhatdoesParkinson’soriginalexampleimply?A.Lookingforglassesdidn’tmatter. B.Mailingapostcardtooktwohours.C.Categorizingtasksconsumedtime. D.Taskexpandstofillavailabletime.11.Whatmightbediscussedinthefollow-uptext?A.Viewsondeadlinesetting. B.Modesoftaskassignment.C.Difficultiesinhighoutputs. D.Tipsfortimemanagement.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了帕金森定律，說(shuō)明其并非科學(xué)原理，而是對(duì)常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象的觀察，解釋了其潛在邏輯、原始例子及成因，并指出意識(shí)到這一現(xiàn)象可避免其帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Parkinson’slawisnotascientificprinciple.Instead,itissimplyanobservationofaphenomenonmanypeopleincludingscientistshaveexperiencedratherthanduginto.(帕金森定律不是一個(gè)科學(xué)原理。相反，它只是對(duì)一種現(xiàn)象的觀察，包括科學(xué)家在內(nèi)的許多人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)，而不是深入研究過(guò)。)”可知，帕金森定律不能成為科學(xué)原理是因?yàn)樗狈ι钊氲难芯俊９蔬xA。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thecomplexityofatasktendstogrowwhenmoretimeisdistributedforitscompletion.Whenyoufindyourselffinishingthetask,youmightfeelasenseofreliefbutalsowonderwhytheprojectbecamesomuchmoreofaburdeninyourmindthanitwasinreallife.The“extratime”thatthetaskrequiresoftenisn’trelatedtothetaskitself—it’smentalstresscausedbyworryingaboutgettingitdone.(當(dāng)分配更多的時(shí)間來(lái)完成任務(wù)時(shí)，任務(wù)的復(fù)雜性往往會(huì)增加。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己完成了任務(wù)，你可能會(huì)有一種解脫的感覺(jué)，但也想知道為什么這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在你的腦海中比在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中成為了如此多的負(fù)擔(dān)。任務(wù)所需的“額外時(shí)間”通常與任務(wù)本身無(wú)關(guān)——它是由于擔(dān)心完成任務(wù)而引起的精神壓力。)”可知，第三段主要討論了帕金森定律的基本邏輯。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“InParkinson’soriginalexample,awoman’staskforthedaywasjusttomailapostcard.Asaresultofhavingtheentiredaytocompletethesimpletask,theamountofworkandtimerequiredexpandedtofillthewholeday.Thefictionalwomanspentahalf-hoursearchingforherreadingglasses.Writingthepostcardtookanothertwohours.Moretimewasspentfindingastamp,writingtheaddress,andwalkingthepostcardtothepostoffice.(在帕金森最初的例子中，一位女士當(dāng)天的任務(wù)只是寄一張明信片。由于她有一整天的時(shí)間來(lái)完成這項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)，所需的工作量和時(shí)間便擴(kuò)展到了填滿一整天。這位虛構(gòu)的女士花了半個(gè)小時(shí)找她的老花鏡。寫明信片又花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。她還花了更多時(shí)間找郵票、寫地址，以及把明信片送到郵局。)”可知，帕金森氏癥最初的例子暗示了任務(wù)會(huì)擴(kuò)展以填滿可用時(shí)間。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhileParkinson’slawisaphenomenonthatcanleadtowastedtimeandinefficientwork,itdoesn’thavetobeaproblemifyou’reawareofit.(雖然帕金森定律是一種會(huì)導(dǎo)致時(shí)間浪費(fèi)和工作效率低下的現(xiàn)象，但如果你意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，它就不會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。)”可知，接下來(lái)可能會(huì)討論如何應(yīng)對(duì)帕金森定律，即掌握管理時(shí)間的技巧，以避免時(shí)間浪費(fèi)和低效工作。故選D。DWildfiresarebecomingincreasinglycommonduetohotteranddrierclimatesaroundtheworld.Untilnow,firefightershavehadtorelyonsatelliteimagerythat’seitherlow-resolutionoronlyupdatedafewtimesaday,nottomentionspottingsmallfires.GoogleResearchhasteamedupwithleadersinthefirecommunitytocreateFireSat—apurpose-builtconstellation(星座)ofsatellitesdesignedspecificallytodetectandtrackwildfiresassmallasaclassroom.WithFireSat,authoritieswillhavehigh-resolutionimagerythatisupdatedgloballyevery20minutes,helpingthemrespondtofiresbeforetheybecomedestructive.UsingAI,FireSatwillrapidlycompareany5×5-meterspotonearthwithpreviousimagery,whilealsocombiningfactorslikenearbyinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andlocalweather,todetermineifthere’safire.TocheckourdetectionmodelforsmallerfiresandestablishabaselinedatasetfortheAI,weflewthesensorsovercontrolledburns.GoogleResearchteamhascooperatedwithMuonSpacetoachievethisbreakthrough.MuonSpacelaunchedthefirstsatelliteinearly2025,withthefullconstellationtofollowinthecomingyears.Oncelaunched,FireSatwillprovidenearreal-timeinformationaboutthelocation,sizeandintensityofearly-stagewildfiressofirefightersandemergencyresponderscanrespondquicklyandeffectively.Inadditiontosupportingemergencyresponseefforts,FireSat’sdatawillbeusedtocreateaglobalhistoricalrecordoffirespread,helpingGoogleandscientiststobettermodelandunderstandwildfirespread.Thiswillexpandourexistingworkonfiresimulation(模擬)inpartnershipwithscientistsintheU.S.ForestService.ThisprojectisthelatestadditiontoGoogleResearch’songoingeffortstohelpcommunitiesaroundtheworldaddresstheimpactsofclimatechange.Since2020,we’veusedAImodelstosurfacewarningsandfeaturesthatprovidehelpfulinformationtopeoplewhoarenearawildfirethroughwildfireboundarytracking,whichisnowavailableinover20countries.Earlier,wealsoreleasedFireBench,anopen-sourceMLbenchmarkdatasetforwildfireresearch.12.Whatisthedrawbackoftheprevioussatelliteimagery?A.Itisupdatedonceeveryfewmonths.B.Itcannotdetectminororsmallfires.C.Itcannotassesstheseverityoffires.D.Itisdesignedformilitarypurposes.13.WhatwillFireSatdotoboostitseffectiveness?A.Studypastfirefrequency. B.Monitorhumanactivities.C.Identifycontrolledburns. D.Checkmixedinformation.14.WhatcanFireSatdotohelpscientists?A.Showwildfirebehaviormodes. B.Predictwildfirespreadroutes.C.Explorecausesbehindwildfires. D.Recordfirefighters’responsestodangers.15.Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A.Todetailfiredetectionhistory.B.ToinformGoogle’snewplans.C.Toextendprojectconnections.D.TostressFireSat’sleadingrole.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了谷歌研究團(tuán)隊(duì)與消防領(lǐng)域機(jī)構(gòu)合作開(kāi)發(fā)的FireSat衛(wèi)星群，闡述了其相比原有衛(wèi)星圖像的優(yōu)勢(shì)(如檢測(cè)小型火災(zāi)、高頻更新等)、工作原理、對(duì)消防員和科學(xué)家的幫助，以及該項(xiàng)目與谷歌其他相關(guān)工作的聯(lián)系。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Untilnow,firefightershavehadtorelyonsatelliteimagerythat’seitherlow-resolutionoronlyupdatedafewtimesaday,nottomentionspottingsmallfires.(迄今為止，消防員不得不依賴低分辨率的衛(wèi)星圖像，或者每天僅更新幾次的衛(wèi)星圖像，更不用說(shuō)發(fā)現(xiàn)小火點(diǎn)了。)”可知,消防員不得不依靠低分辨率的衛(wèi)星圖像來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)火災(zāi)，這類衛(wèi)星圖像每天只更新幾次，更不用指望它能發(fā)現(xiàn)小火災(zāi)了。說(shuō)明原有衛(wèi)星圖像的缺陷是無(wú)法檢測(cè)小型火災(zāi)。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段中的“UsingAI,FireSatwillrapidlycompareany5×5-meterspotonearthwithpreviousimagery,whilealsocombiningfactorslikenearbyinfrastructureandlocalweather,todetermineifthere’safire.(利用人工智能技術(shù)，F(xiàn)ireSat能夠迅速將地球上任意5×5米區(qū)域與之前的圖像進(jìn)行對(duì)比，同時(shí)結(jié)合附近基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖獾纫蛩兀耘袛嗍欠翊嬖诨馂?zāi)。)”,說(shuō)明FireSat通過(guò)對(duì)比歷史圖像并結(jié)合附近基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖獾榷喾N信息來(lái)工作，即通過(guò)整合混合信息來(lái)提升效率。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inadditiontosupportingemergencyresponseefforts,FireSat’sdatawillbeusedtocreateaglobalhistoricalrecordoffirespread,helpingGoogleandscientiststobettermodelandunderstandwildfirespread.(除了支持應(yīng)急響應(yīng)工作外，F(xiàn)ireSat的數(shù)據(jù)還將用于創(chuàng)建全球火災(zāi)蔓延的歷史記錄，幫助谷歌和科學(xué)家更好地模擬和理解野火蔓延的情況。)”可知,FireSat的數(shù)據(jù)將被用來(lái)創(chuàng)建火災(zāi)蔓延的全球歷史記錄，幫助谷歌和科學(xué)家更好地模擬和理解野火蔓延的方式，說(shuō)明它可以幫助深入了解野火的行為模式。故選A。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thiswillexpandourexistingworkonfiresimulation(模擬)inpartnershipwithscientistsintheU.S.ForestService.ThisprojectisthelatestadditiontoGoogleResearch’songoingeffortstohelpcommunitiesaroundtheworldaddresstheimpactsofclimatechange.Since2020,we’veusedAImodelstosurfacewarningsandfeaturesthatprovidehelpfulinformationtopeoplewhoarenearawildfirethroughwildfireboundarytracking,whichisnowavailableinover20countries.Earlier,wealsoreleasedFireBench,anopen-sourceMLbenchmarkdatasetforwildfireresearch.(這將擴(kuò)大我們與美國(guó)林務(wù)局科學(xué)家在火災(zāi)模擬方面的現(xiàn)有合作。該項(xiàng)目是谷歌研究院持續(xù)努力幫助世界各地社區(qū)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化影響的最新成果。自2020年以來(lái)，我們利用人工智能模型通過(guò)野火邊界追蹤，向野火附近的人們提供預(yù)警和有用信息，目前已在20多個(gè)國(guó)家投入使用。早些時(shí)候，我們還發(fā)布了FireBench，這是一個(gè)用于野火研究的開(kāi)源機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)基準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)集。)”可知,將FireSat項(xiàng)目與谷歌之前在火災(zāi)模擬、AI預(yù)警、FireBench數(shù)據(jù)集等方面的工作聯(lián)系起來(lái)，擴(kuò)展了項(xiàng)目的關(guān)聯(lián)性。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DesertificationisaseriousproblemacrosstheAfricancontinent.____16____LargepartsofAfricaexperiencearatherhotanddryclimate.Ever-growingpopulationsarealsoincreasingtheneedsofovergrazing(過(guò)度放牧),agricultureanddeforestation,whichdegradethelandevenfurther.____17____Itcoversmanyareasofmostlysavannah(稀樹(shù)草原)landthatalreadybordersexistingdeserts.TheSahelregion,whichisstretchedoutalongthesouthernsideoftheSaharaDesert,isoneoftheseareas.However,notalldesertsareneartheSahelregion.____18____ThesamegoesfortheareassurroundingtheKalahariandNamibianDeserts.ApartfromthedesertsofAfrica,thesavannahareasalsoformavastnetworkofdrylandenvironments,whicharebecomingincreasinglysensitiveduetoclimatechange.HumanactivitiesworsentheissueofdesertificationinAfricaevenfurther.Overgrazing,negativeagriculturalpracticesanddeforestationarethreelargecontributors,allofwhichareencouragedbyagrowingpopulation.____19____Plantingandgrowingcropscontributetowardsaroundone-fifthofdesertificationinAfrica.Growingcropsandtillingthesoilmeansthattopsoiliseasilyeroded(腐蝕)byboththewindandtherain.Deforestationalsohasanegativeimpactandsevereconsequencesfordesertification.SomesavannahareasareoccupiedbypocketsofwoodlandsuchasAcaciathickets.Theseareoftenclearedforfirewood,andthisdeforestationleadstodesertification.PlantingtreesisanimportantpartofthesolutiontopreventfurtherdesertificationinAfrica.____20____A.Human-landconflictseemseasytodealwith.B.Desertificationusuallyresultsfromdeforestation.C.Climateandhumanfactorsarethetwomaindrivers.D.Africa’sdesertificationhasacleargeographicpattern.E.EasternAfrica,includingKenya,alsofacesdesertification.F.Manypeopleliveinpoverty,relyingonthelandtosurvive.G.Environmentally-friendlyagriculturalapproachesalsomatter.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.F20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹非洲荒漠化問(wèn)題，分析其成因、地理分布及部分解決辦法?！?6題詳析】下文“LargepartsofAfricaexperiencearatherhotanddryclimate.Ever-growingpopulationsarealsoincreasingtheneedsofovergrazing(過(guò)度放牧),agricultureanddeforestation,whichdegradethelandevenfurther.(非洲的大部分地區(qū)氣候炎熱干燥。不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口也加劇了過(guò)度放牧、農(nóng)業(yè)和砍伐森林的需求，這些行為進(jìn)一步破壞了土地。)”可知，分別從氣候和人類活動(dòng)兩方面說(shuō)明荒漠化原因，空處引出下文。C選項(xiàng)“Climateandhumanfactors”與下文“climate”和“Ever-growingpopulations”呼應(yīng)，能引出下文對(duì)具體成因的闡述。所以C選項(xiàng)“氣候和人為因素是兩個(gè)主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳析】下文“Itcoversmanyareasofmostlysavannah(稀樹(shù)草原)landthatalreadybordersexistingdeserts.TheSahelregion,whichisstretchedoutalongthesouthernsideoftheSaharaDesert,isoneoftheseareas.(它覆蓋了許多以稀樹(shù)草原為主的地區(qū)，這些地區(qū)已經(jīng)毗鄰現(xiàn)有的沙漠。薩赫勒地區(qū)就位于撒哈拉沙漠南側(cè)，是受此影響的區(qū)域之一。)”可知，具體介紹了非洲荒漠化涉及的地理區(qū)域，空處應(yīng)點(diǎn)明荒漠化有地理分布特征。D選項(xiàng)中的“geographicpattern”與下文“TheSahelregion”相呼應(yīng)，可引出下文內(nèi)容。所以D選項(xiàng)“非洲的荒漠化有明確的地理分布模。式”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【18題詳析】上文“However,notalldesertsareneartheSahelregion.(然而，并非所有沙漠都靠近薩赫勒地區(qū)。)”及下文“ThesamegoesfortheareassurroundingtheKalahariandNamibianDeserts.(卡拉哈里沙漠和納米布沙漠周邊地區(qū)也是如此。)”可知，空處應(yīng)列舉另一個(gè)非薩赫勒地區(qū)的荒漠化區(qū)域。E選項(xiàng)中的“EasternAfrica”與上文“notalldeserts”相呼應(yīng)。所以E選項(xiàng)“包括肯尼亞在內(nèi)的東非也面臨荒漠化問(wèn)題?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。【19題詳析】上文“Overgrazing,negativeagriculturalpracticesanddeforestationarethreelargecontributors,allofwhichareencouragedbyagrowingpopulation.(過(guò)度放牧、不合理的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐和森林砍伐是三大主要原因，而人口增長(zhǎng)助長(zhǎng)了這些行為。)”及下文“Plantingandgrowingcropscontributetowardsaroundone-fifthofdesertificationinAfrica.Growingcropsandtillingthesoilmeansthattopsoiliseasilyeroded(腐蝕)byboththewindandtherain.(種植農(nóng)作物導(dǎo)致了非洲約五分之一的荒漠化問(wèn)題。耕種作物和翻動(dòng)土壤意味著表層土很容易被風(fēng)和雨水侵蝕。)”可知，人口增長(zhǎng)加劇過(guò)度放牧、不良農(nóng)業(yè)行為等問(wèn)題，空處應(yīng)解釋人口增長(zhǎng)與不良農(nóng)業(yè)行為的關(guān)聯(lián)。F選項(xiàng)“theland”與下文“thesoil”相呼應(yīng)。所以F選項(xiàng)“許多人生活貧困，依賴土地生存。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【20題詳析】上文“Deforestationalsohasanegativeimpactandsevereconsequencesfordesertification.SomesavannahareasareoccupiedbypocketsofwoodlandsuchasAcaciathickets.Theseareoftenclearedforfirewood,andthisdeforestationleadstodesertification.

PlantingtreesisanimportantpartofthesolutiontopreventfurtherdesertificationinAfrica.(森林砍伐也對(duì)荒漠化產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響并帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重后果。一些稀樹(shù)草原地區(qū)分布著金合歡灌木叢等林地。這些林地常被砍伐用作柴火，這種毀林行為導(dǎo)致了土地荒漠化。植樹(shù)造林是防止非洲荒漠化進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵解決方案之一。)”可知，種樹(shù)是解決荒漠化的重要方法，空處應(yīng)補(bǔ)充另一種解決辦法。G選項(xiàng)中的“Environmentally-friendlyagriculturalapproaches”與上文“thesolutiontopreventfurtherdesertification”相呼應(yīng)。所以G選項(xiàng)“環(huán)保的農(nóng)業(yè)方法也很重要?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Growingup,InevercouldsaythatIhadprettyeyes.Infact,Istillrememberthemomentwhenoneofmymiddleschoolclassmates____21____onmyeyes.“Whydotheylooksotiny?”heaskedme,laughing.Itookhiswordsasajoke,butmyheart____22____.Atthatmoment,mybiggestfearcametrue.Someonedislikedmyeyes,justlikeIdid,anditconfirmedmy____23____.Honestly,Ican’tcounthowmanytimesItriedto____24____myeyes,eitherbydoingfacialmassages(按摩),findingthebestphotoangletomakethemlook____25____,orjustsqueezingmyeyestotryto____26____them.EverytimeIlookedatmyeyesinthemirror,I____27____.Justlikemostwomen,Iwanttofeel____28____.Andjustlikemostwomen,myexposuretosocialmediaand____29____cultureleftmeinaweofthecharmingmodelsonlinewhofitsociety’sbeautystandards.Themedia____30____ourawarenesswithanidealimageofbeauty.Thesestandards____31____thatyouhavebigeyes,a(n)____32____nosebridge,andfulllips.Butasthesayinggoes,beautyisintheeyeoftheviewer.Wedon’tneedto____33____likeourbodiesorbrainwashourselveswithunrealisticthoughtsthatwehaveaone-of-a-kindbeauty.Instead,wecanlearnto____34____ourimperfectionsandrealizetheymakeus____35____inpositiveways.Itisourimperfectionsthatmakeuswhoweare.21.A.agreed B.insisted C.impressed D.commented22.A.sank B.danced C.bloomed D.flew23.A.guilt B.greed C.anxiety D.confusion24.A.clean B.observe C.fix D.close25.A.flexible B.decent C.changeable D.stable26.A.relax B.highlight C.exercise D.appreciate27.A.cried B.hesitated C.whispered D.jumped28.A.comfortable B.confident C.cheerful D.beautiful29.A.workplace B.celebrity C.campus D.youth30.A.mirrors B.clarifies C.dismisses D.plants31.A.demand B.predict C.believe D.advise32.A.high B.flat C.curved D.odd33.A.suddenly B.occasionally C.completely D.partly34.A.identify B.hide C.display D.welcome35.A.zoneout B.standout C.carryon D.reflecton【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.B26.B27.A28.D29.B30.D31.A32.A33.C34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因外貌焦慮而痛苦，最終學(xué)會(huì)接納不完美的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，我還記得初中時(shí)一個(gè)同學(xué)評(píng)論我眼睛的那一刻。A.agreed同意；B.insisted堅(jiān)持；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.commented評(píng)論。根據(jù)后文“Whydotheylooksotiny?”可知，是對(duì)作者眼睛的評(píng)價(jià)。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把他的話當(dāng)成玩笑，但我的心一沉。A.sank下沉；B.danced跳舞；C.bloomed開(kāi)花；D.flew飛。根據(jù)前文“Whydotheylooksotiny?”可知，作者的內(nèi)心仍會(huì)受同學(xué)的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)影響，心情低落。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有人像我一樣不喜歡我的眼睛，這證實(shí)了我的焦慮。A.guilt內(nèi)疚；B.greed貪婪；C.anxiety焦慮；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)前文“Whydotheylooksotiny?”和“Someonedislikedmyeyes,justlikeIdid”可知，作者本就對(duì)自己的眼睛擔(dān)憂，同學(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)讓她證實(shí)了焦慮。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我數(shù)不清我試過(guò)多少次想要改善我的眼睛，要么做面部按摩，要么找最好的拍照角度讓眼睛看起來(lái)好看些，要么就是擠眼睛想讓眼睛更突出。A.clean打掃；B.observe觀察；C.fix改善、修復(fù)；D.close關(guān)閉。根據(jù)后文“eitherbydoingfacialmassages(按摩 ),findingthebestphotoangletomakethemlook”可知，后文的面部按摩、找拍照角度等都是為了讓眼睛變好，即改善眼部狀態(tài)。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我數(shù)不清我試過(guò)多少次想要改善我的眼睛，要么做面部按摩，要么找最好的拍照角度讓眼睛看起來(lái)好看些，要么就是擠眼睛想讓眼睛更突出。A.flexible靈活的；B.decent不錯(cuò)的、得體的；C.changeable易變的；D.stable穩(wěn)定的。根據(jù)前文“findingthebestphotoangletomakethemlook”可知，找好的拍照角度是為了讓眼睛看起來(lái)更美觀、得體。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我數(shù)不清我試過(guò)多少次想要改善我的眼睛，要么做面部按摩，要么找最好的拍照角度讓眼睛看起來(lái)好看些，要么就是擠眼睛想讓眼睛更突出。A.relax放松；B.highlight突出、強(qiáng)調(diào)；C.exercise鍛煉；D.appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)前文“orjustsqueezingmyeyestotryto”可知，擠眼睛是想讓眼睛在視覺(jué)上更顯眼。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我在鏡子里看到自己的眼睛，我都會(huì)哭。A.cried哭泣；B.hesitated猶豫；C.whispered低語(yǔ)；D.jumped跳躍。根據(jù)前文“EverytimeIlookedatmyeyesinthemirror”可知，作者看到鏡子里的眼睛會(huì)情緒低落、哭泣。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就像大多數(shù)女性一樣，我想變得漂亮。A.comfortable舒服的；B.confident自信的；C.cheerful快樂(lè)的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根據(jù)前文“Justlikemostwomen”和后文“society’sbeautystandards”可知，作者也想擁有美麗的外表。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：和大多數(shù)女性一樣，社交媒體和名人文化讓我對(duì)那些符合社會(huì)審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、魅力十足的網(wǎng)絡(luò)模特心生敬畏。A.workplace職場(chǎng)；B.celebrity名人；C.campus校園；D.youth青年。根據(jù)后文“thecharmingmodelsonline”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)模特屬于名人范疇。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媒體向我們灌輸一種理想的美麗形象。A.mirrors反映；B.clarifies澄清；C.dismisses解雇、摒棄；D.plants灌輸、植入。根據(jù)前文“Themedia”和后文“ourawarenesswithanidealimageofbeauty”可知，媒體會(huì)不斷給人們灌輸特定的審美觀念，讓人們接受。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求你有大眼睛、高鼻梁和飽滿的嘴唇。A.demand要求；B.predict預(yù)測(cè)；C.believe相信；D.advise建議。根據(jù)前文“Thesestandards”可知，社會(huì)審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)會(huì)對(duì)人的外貌有特定要求。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求你有大眼睛、高鼻梁和飽滿的嘴唇。A.high高的；B.flat平的；C.curved彎曲的；D.odd奇怪的。根據(jù)后文“nosebridge”可知，在主流審美中，高鼻梁是美的特征之一。故選A。【33題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不需要完全喜歡自己的身體，也不需要用不切實(shí)際的想法洗腦自己，認(rèn)為自己擁有獨(dú)一無(wú)二的美麗。A.suddenly突然；B.occasionally偶爾；C.completely完全地；D.partly部分地。根據(jù)后文“unrealisticthoughts”和“ourimperfections”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)不必強(qiáng)求百分百喜歡自己的身體。故選C。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，我們可以學(xué)會(huì)接納自己的不完美，并意識(shí)到這些不完美能以積極的方式讓我們脫穎而出。A.identify識(shí)別；B.hide隱藏；C.display展示；D.welcome接納、歡迎。根據(jù)后文“ourimperfectionsandrealizetheymakeus

”可知，不完美造就獨(dú)特的自己，所以要接納不完美。故選D。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：相反，我們可以學(xué)會(huì)接納自己的不完美，并意識(shí)到這些不完美能以積極的方式讓我們脫穎而出。A.zoneout走神；B.standout突出、脫穎而出；C.carryon繼續(xù)；D.reflecton反思。根據(jù)后文“inpositiveways”可知，不完美會(huì)讓人擁有獨(dú)特性，從而在人群中顯得特別。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesechefsintheUShaveplayedamajorroleinreshapingthewayAmericansperceiveandenjoyChinesefood.EarlyChinesecuisineinAmerica____36____(simplify)tosuitAmericantastes,whichmeantthatdisheswere____37____(heavy)adapted,withingredientsandcookingtechniques____38____(adjust)toaccommodatelocaltastes.However,____39____influenceofchefslikeMingTsai,MartinYan,andothershasledtoamoreauthentic(正宗的)representationofChinesefoodinAmerica.Theyhaveworkedhard____40____(bring)awarenesstotraditionalChineseflavors,usingqualityingredientsandcomplexcookingtechniques.They’vealsopushedsomany____41____(boundary)bycreatingintegrationdishes,blendingclassicChinesecookingwithelementsfromothercultures,thusmakingChinesecuisinemore____42____(approach)whilemaintainingitsauthenticity.Forexample,MingTsai’s“EastmeetsWest”approachtocookinghasinfluencedmanychefstoexplorethe____43____(probable)ofintegratingWesterningredientswithChinesetechniques.Similarly,JudyJoo’suseofKoreanelementsinherChinesedishesoffersafreshperspectiveonbothcuisines.Thelegacy(遺產(chǎn))ofthesechefsextends____44____theirrestaurantsandTVshows.Theirworkhasinfluencedanentiregenerationofchefsandhomecooks,____45____havecontributednotonlytothepopularityofChinesefoodintheUSbutalsotoitselevated(提高的)st