高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省綿陽(yáng)某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解(共2節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)AFreshwaterisvitalforalllifeonourplanet.Yet,inmanyplacesaroundtheglobe,ourmanagementoffreshwaterresourcesisbecomingunsustainable.UnderstandingtheinterconnectednessandcomplexityoflocalandregionalfreshwaterissuesiscriticaltolivingsustainablyonEarth.That’swhytheNationalGeographicSocietyandtheNatureConservancyhavejoinedforcestodevelopaprogramcenteredaroundauniqueremoteexternship(校外實(shí)習(xí))programforyoungadultsworldwide.TheExperienceThroughouttheexternship,youwilllearnaboutfreshwaterconservationcareersfromweeklywebinars(研討會(huì))featuringtheNationalGeographicSocietyandtheNatureConservancyexperts,yourownresearch,andinformativeinterviewsconductedwithlocalconservationorganizations.Duringthisexternship,youwillalso:·Gainknowledgeoffreshwaterconservationissuesandstrategiesthroughresourcesandcasestudiesprovidedbythetwopartnerorganizations.·Engagewithlocalleaders,conservationists,andcommunitymemberstograspfreshwater-relatedchallengesandtheirimpactsonthecommunity.·Applyprimaryandsecondaryresearchmethodstoinvestigateexistingconservationinitiativesandidentifylocalfreshwaterissues.·Conductlandscapeandgapanalysestouncoverconservationgapsandproposeactionablesolutions.·Developwrittenandvisualstorytellingskillstoeffectivelycommunicatekeyissuesandcommunity-basedactionstrategies.QualificationsWeareseekingyoungpeopleaged18-25fromaroundtheglobeinterestedinlearningaboutintroductoryconservationapproaches.Nopriorworkexperienceorcourseworkinconservationorenvironmentaltopicsisrequired.Theprogramvaluesdiversityinbeliefs,cultures,andbackgrounds.DurationandRewardsStartDateJuly14th,2025FormatFullyremoteProgramOptionsDurationHours/weekHourlyRateAdditionalRewards4weeks10$5$208weeks10$6$30Note:Thosewhofinishallrequiredtasks(whetherforthe4-weektrackorthe8-weektrack)willbequalifiedforanadditionalreward.1.Whatisthepurposeofthisexternshipprogram?A.Topromoteinternationalcooperation.B.Toprovideahands-onfieldexperience.C.Tointroducefreshwater-relatedcareers.D.Tohelpunderstandfreshwaterchallenges.2.Whatmightparticipantsdoduringtheexternship?A.Raisefundsfortheprogram.B.Documentglobalcasestudies.C.Putforwardworkablesolutions.D.Engageinmakinglocalpolicies.3.Howmuchwillan8-weekexternearnatmostuponfullcompletion?A.$200. B.$220. C.$510. D.$480.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)針對(duì)全球年輕人的獨(dú)特的遠(yuǎn)程校外實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目，包括實(shí)習(xí)內(nèi)容、資格要求、時(shí)長(zhǎng)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“UnderstandingtheinterconnectednessandcomplexityoflocalandregionalfreshwaterissuesiscriticaltolivingsustainablyonEarth.That’swhytheNationalGeographicSocietyandtheNatureConservancyhavejoinedforcestodevelopaprogramcenteredaroundauniqueremoteexternship(校外實(shí)習(xí))programforyoungadultsworldwide.(了解當(dāng)?shù)睾蛥^(qū)域淡水問(wèn)題的相互關(guān)聯(lián)性和復(fù)雜性對(duì)于在地球上可持續(xù)生活至關(guān)重要。這就是為什么國(guó)家地理學(xué)會(huì)和大自然保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)手開發(fā)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目圍繞著一個(gè)針對(duì)全球年輕人的獨(dú)特遠(yuǎn)程校外實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目展開)”可知，這個(gè)校外實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目的目的是幫助全球年輕人了解淡水挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Duringthisexternship,youwillalso:部分中的“·Conductlandscapeandgapanalysestouncoverconservationgapsandproposeactionablesolutions.(·進(jìn)行景觀和差距分析，以發(fā)現(xiàn)保護(hù)差距并提出可行的解決方案)”可知，參與者在實(shí)習(xí)期間可能會(huì)提出可行的解決方案。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的“8weeks；Hours/week：10；HourlyRate：$6；AdditionalRewards：$30(8周，每周小時(shí)數(shù)：10，每小時(shí)費(fèi)率：6美元，額外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)：30美元)”和最后一段“Note:Thosewhofinishallrequiredtasks(whetherforthe4-weektrackorthe8-weektrack)willbequalifiedforanadditionalreward.(注意：完成所有必需任務(wù)的人(無(wú)論是4周課程還是8周課程)都有資格獲得額外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，一個(gè)為期8周的實(shí)習(xí)生每周工作10小時(shí)，每小時(shí)6美元，完全完成任務(wù)后額外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)30美元，即8×10×6+30=510美元。故選C項(xiàng)。BWethoughtwehadeverythingwecouldaskfor—alovelyhome,threehealthykids,twovehicles—andwecherisheditall.Wespentmoneyasifitwouldneverrunout.Butthenthemarkettookadownturn,andmyhusbandlosthisjobattheconstructionfirm.Thecompanyfiledforfailureandshutitsdoorspermanently.Webothbegansearchingforjobsimmediately,yettherewerenoneavailable.Aseachdaywentby,ouranxietygrew,butwekeptworkingasateamtogetourfamilythroughthetoughtime.Themorewejoinedforces,thestrongerourbondbecame.Watchingmyhusbandtaketheblameforourcurrentdilemmawastrulypainful.Iknewfullwellhecouldn’tcontroltheeconomy,buthekeptputtinghimselfdown—eachbitterwordhesaiddraggedhisspiritsfurtherdown.Ikepttellinghimtoquitit,yetheappeareddeterminedtopunishhimselfforbeingjobless.Atlast,oneafternoonIpulledhimasideandsaid,“Wehavehealthychildrenandeachother.That’swhatmatters.Thatmakesyouarichman.”“Butwhatifwelosethehouse?They’llhateme—you'llhateme,”hereplied.“Ifweliveinacardboardboxontheemptylotacrossthestreet,Iwillbehappy—aslongasIhaveyou.”Iwasn’tjustsayingit.Imeantbusiness.Icouldseethesenseofreliefspreadoverhimashisshouldersandneckloosened,andthetightnessdrainedfromhisbody.Hepulledmeclose,andforthefirsttimeinalongwhile,wewereabletotalk,makeplans,andsharedreamstogether.Itmarkedapivotalmomentforbothofusasacoupleandourfamily.Wearestillstrugglingfinancially,butIcountusfortunatebecausewehavesomethingthatmoneycan’tbuyandnoonecantakeawayfromus.4.Whatcausedthefamily’sproblem?A.Overspendingondailyneeds. B.Thehusband’sunemployment.C.Highcostsofraisingchildren. D.Asuddenriseinhouseprices.5.Howdidthehusbandfeelabouttheirsituation?A.Guilty. B.Confused. C.Hopeful. D.Annoyed.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“meantbusiness”inparagraph6mean?A.Toldalie. B.Removedadoubt.C.Tookitseriously. D.Livedwithit.7.Whydoestheauthorconsiderherfamilywell-off?A.They’veregainedfinancialstability. B.They’vepreservedbelongings.C.They’vestrengthenedfamilybonds. D.They’veresolvedmentalconflicts.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了作者一家原本生活富足，但因經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑丈夫失業(yè)，家庭陷入困境。然而，夫妻二人相互扶持，共同面對(duì)困難，最終讓家庭關(guān)系更加緊密，作者認(rèn)為家庭真正的富足在于擁有無(wú)法用金錢購(gòu)買、無(wú)人能奪走的東西?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butthenthemarkettookadownturn,andmyhusbandlosthisjobattheconstructionfirm.(但后來(lái)市場(chǎng)下滑，我丈夫在建筑公司丟了工作)”可知，丈夫失業(yè)導(dǎo)致了家庭出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Watchingmyhusbandtaketheblameforourcurrentdilemmawastrulypainful.Iknewfullwellhecouldn’tcontroltheeconomy,buthekeptputtinghimselfdown—eachbitterwordhesaiddraggedhisspiritsfurtherdown.(看著丈夫?yàn)槲覀兡壳暗睦Ь匙载?zé)，我真的很痛苦。我很清楚他無(wú)法控制經(jīng)濟(jì)，但他一直在貶低自己——他說(shuō)的每一句刻薄的話都讓他的情緒更加低落)”可知，作者的丈夫一直在貶低自己——他說(shuō)的每一句刻薄的話都讓他的情緒更加低落，可推理出丈夫?qū)彝ツ壳暗臓顩r感到內(nèi)疚。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段中“Iwasn’tjustsayingit.I….Icouldseethesenseofreliefspreadoverhimashisshouldersandneckloosened,andthetightnessdrainedfromhisbody.(我不僅僅是說(shuō)說(shuō)而已。我……。我可以看到他放松下來(lái)，肩膀和脖子松弛了，身體的緊張感也消失了)”可知，劃線詞上文說(shuō)的是作者不僅僅是說(shuō)說(shuō)而已，下文說(shuō)的是作者看到丈夫放松下來(lái)，可推理出作者不僅僅是說(shuō)說(shuō)而已，而是認(rèn)真的，所以“meantbusiness”意思是“認(rèn)真對(duì)待”。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aseachdaywentby,ouranxietygrew,butwekeptworkingasateamtogetourfamilythroughthetoughtime.Themorewejoinedforces,thestrongerourbondbecame.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，我們的焦慮與日俱增，但我們作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)努力讓我們的家庭度過(guò)難關(guān)。我們?cè)绞驱R心協(xié)力，我們的紐帶就越牢固)”以及最后一段“Wearestillstrugglingfinancially,butIcountusfortunatebecausewehavesomethingthatmoneycan’tbuyandnoonecantakeawayfromus.(我們?nèi)匀辉诮?jīng)濟(jì)上掙扎，但我認(rèn)為我們很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)槲覀儞碛幸恍┙疱X買不到、無(wú)人能奪走的東西)”可知，作者一家的焦慮與日俱增，但夫妻二人共同努力讓一家人度過(guò)難關(guān)。大家越是齊心協(xié)力，他們之間的紐帶就越牢固，作者認(rèn)為一家人很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)閾碛幸恍┙疱X買不到、無(wú)人能奪走的東西，可推理出作者認(rèn)為家庭真正的富足在于家庭關(guān)系的緊密，即他們加強(qiáng)了家庭紐帶。故選C項(xiàng)。CAtfirstglance,therelationshipbetweenrobotsandenvironmentalsustainabilitymaynotbeobvious.Thepresentsituationisthatthegenerationofelectricitylargelyreliesonunsustainableenergysourcesandthatmanufacturingsensorsandelectronicboardsrequirestheextractionofrareearthmaterials.Nevertheless,robotsalsohavethepotentialtohelpcontributetosustainabilitygoals.Currentresearchonthistopicfollowstwomainpaths:creatingrobotsthatfacilitateamoresustainableuseofresourcesandcreatingrobotsthatarethemselvesmoresustainable.Thereisreasontohopethatrobotscanhelpususeresourcesmoreefficiently,particularlybyaddressinglaborshortagesandskillgapsincertaincriticalfields.Drones,forinstance,canbeusedtoscanasiteafterdestructiontoidentifywasteandreusablematerialsandsortoutdebris(碎片).Robotsmayalsoeasetheautomatizationofbatteryrecycling,whichrequiresoperationofdangerouscomponents.Anotherpathroboticistsarepursuingistoreconsiderthedesignoftraditionalmetal-based,electricity-hungryrobots.Biodegradablesensorsorrobotsmadeofedible(可食用的)materialsarepotentiallyinterestingsolutionstoroboticwaste.Additionally,ensuringthatthesamerobotcanbeusedfordecadesisanotherwaytoachievemoresustainableconsumptionandproductionofrobotics.Thisrequiresrobotstobeeasilyrepurposed.Asrobotsareusedoutdoors,theywillunavoidablysustaindamage.Robotsthatcanself-healorrecoverfunction,evenwithabrokenlimb,willstandbetterchances.Bothhardwareandsoftwarewilllikewiseneedtobetransferableandreusabletoreducedisuseandenabletheintegrationofnewsensingtechnologies.Despitetremendousinnovationinsustainableroboticdesigns,itmaytakemoretimethanwehavefortheprototypes(原型)discussedabovetobecomecommerciallyavailableproducts.Amajorchallengeisweighingtheir“greyenergy”(theenergytobuildrobots)againstenvironmentalbenefits.Forexample,usingrobotstoinstallsolarpanelsshouldn’trequiremoreresourcesthantheenergysavingsthepanelsultimatelyprovide.AsAIintegrationaccelerates,findingtherightbalancebetweentechnologyprogressandenvironmentalresponsibilityremainsurgentbutachievable.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthecurrentproductionofrobots?A.Itmakesuseofrecyclablecomponents.B.Itaimstouserenewableenergyandreducecosts.C.Itreliesonnon-renewableresourcesandrarematerials.D.Itfocusesonresource-efficientandself-sustainablerobots.9.Whyisbatteryrecyclingmentioned?A.Tocriticizetraditionalrecyclingmethods.B.Tocomparerobots’efficiencywithhumanlabor.C.Tohighlightthecomplexityofrecyclingprocess.D.Toemphasizerobots'abilitytohandleriskytasks.10.WhatstrategyisproposedaccordingtoParagraph3andParagraph4?A.Adoptingsustainablematerials. B.Expandingmetal-baseddesigns.C.Promotingdisposablecomponents. D.Avoidingdamagetorobotsoutdoors.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrobots’environmentalpotential?A.Limitedbycosts. B.Dependentonpolicies.C.Unclearindirection. D.Promisingdespitechallenges.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要探討機(jī)器人與環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的關(guān)系，介紹當(dāng)前機(jī)器人在資源高效利用和自身可持續(xù)設(shè)計(jì)上的研究路徑，以及面臨的挑戰(zhàn)與前景?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thepresentsituationisthatthegenerationofelectricitylargelyreliesonunsustainableenergysourcesandthatmanufacturingsensorsandelectronicboardsrequirestheextractionofrareearthmaterials.(目前的狀況是，發(fā)電在很大程度上依賴不可持續(xù)的能源，而制造傳感器和電子板則需要開采稀土材料。)”可知，當(dāng)前機(jī)器人生產(chǎn)依賴不可再生能源和稀土材料。故選C。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Robotsmayalsoeasetheautomatizationofbatteryrecycling,whichrequiresoperationofdangerouscomponents.(機(jī)器人還可能促進(jìn)電池回收的自動(dòng)化，這一過(guò)程需要操作危險(xiǎn)部件。)”可知，機(jī)器人可以自動(dòng)化電池回收，而這一過(guò)程涉及危險(xiǎn)操作，因此作者提到電池回收是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)機(jī)器人處理高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)任務(wù)的能力。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Biodegradablesensorsorrobotsmadeofediblematerialsarepotentiallyinterestingsolutionstoroboticwaste.(可生物降解的傳感器或由可食用材料制成的機(jī)器人可能是解決機(jī)器人廢棄物問(wèn)題的有趣方案。)”可知，第三段提到了使用可降解或可食用材料，結(jié)合第四段中的“Robotsthatcanself-healorrecoverfunction,evenwithabrokenlimb,willstandbetterchances.Bothhardwareandsoftwarewilllikewiseneedtobetransferableandreusabletoreducedisuseandenabletheintegrationofnewsensingtechnologies.(即使肢體受損也能自我修復(fù)或恢復(fù)功能的機(jī)器人將具有更大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。硬件和軟件同樣需要具備可轉(zhuǎn)移性和可重復(fù)使用性，以減少?gòu)U棄，同時(shí)支持新傳感技術(shù)的集成。)”可知，第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)機(jī)器人的自我修復(fù)和可重復(fù)利用性，均圍繞可持續(xù)材料和技術(shù)展開。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文和最后一段“Despitetremendousinnovationinsustainableroboticdesigns,itmaytakemoretimethanwehavefortheprototypesdiscussedabovetobecomecommerciallyavailableproducts.Amajorchallengeisweighingtheir“greyenergy”(theenergytobuildrobots)againstenvironmentalbenefits.(盡管在可持續(xù)機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)方面取得了巨大創(chuàng)新，但上述原型要成為商業(yè)化產(chǎn)品可能需要比我們擁有的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是權(quán)衡其“灰色能源”（即制造機(jī)器人所需的能源）與環(huán)境效益之間的利弊。)”以及“AsAIintegrationaccelerates,findingtherightbalancebetweentechnologyprogressandenvironmentalresponsibilityremainsurgentbutachievable.(隨著人工智能的加速融合，找到技術(shù)進(jìn)步與環(huán)境責(zé)任之間的恰當(dāng)平衡，仍然是緊迫但可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。)”可知，文章先指出機(jī)器人制造的環(huán)保問(wèn)題，隨后重點(diǎn)討論其促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的潛力，最后一段承認(rèn)挑戰(zhàn)但仍持樂觀態(tài)度，因此作者認(rèn)為盡管有挑戰(zhàn)，機(jī)器人的環(huán)保潛力仍值得期待。故選D。DAreyoualogicalthinker,orwouldyousaythatyou’remorefree-spiritedandartistic?Ifyou’retheformer,somebody’sprobablytoldyouatsomepointthatyou’realeft-brainedperson,andifyou’rethelatter,right-brained.Theideathattherighthalfofthebrainisthecreativehalfandthelefthalfistheanalytical(分析的)halfandthatourindividualcharacteristicsaredeterminedbywhichhalfisdominantiswidespreadinpopularpsychology.However,thisideaisafiction.Althoughweallobviouslyhavedifferentpersonalitiesandtalents,there’snoreasontobelievethesedifferencescanbeexplainedbythedominanceofonehalfofthebrainovertheotherhalf.Recentresearchusingbrainimagingtechnologyhasn’tfoundanyevidenceofhemispheric(腦半球的)dominance.Math,forexample,requireslogicalthoughtand,thus,isgenerallysaidtobeconnectedwiththeleftbrain.Butmathematicsinvolvesahighlycreativeeffortinadditiontobeingalogicalone.Sowouldagiftedmathematicianbearight-brainedoraleft-brainedperson?Ifthere’snoevidenceforthefictionofright-brainedandleft-brainedpeople,whydosomanypeopleacceptit?Perhapsitjustmakesintuitive(直覺的)sensethatpeople’sbrainswouldbedominantononesideortheotherjustastheirhands,feet,oreyesare.Itmayalsohavesomethingtodowithourseeminglyunlimitedappetitethatallowsustosortourselves(andourfriends)into“types”basedonouremotionalandintellectualcharacteristics.Whenpeopleareofferedgeneraldescriptivestatementsthatarepresentedasindividualizeddescriptionsoftheirownpersonalities,theytendtoacceptthemasmeaningfulandtrue,especiallyifthestatementsarepositive.The“insights”theygeneratearebothuniversalandcongenial.Afterall,whowouldrejectadescriptionofthemselvesas“artisticandcreative”or“reasonableandanalytical”?Thefictionispopular,intheend,becauseitgivesusa“scientific”waytotalkaboutourfavoritesubject—ourselves.12.Whichisacommonbeliefaboutpeople’sindividualcharacteristics?A.Alogicalthinkerisright-brained.B.Ourrightbrainandleftbrainworkthesame.C.Therighthalfofthebrainistheanalyticalhalf.D.Thedominanthalfofbraindeterminesone’scharacteristics.13.Whydoestheauthormentionmathematicsinparagraph2?A.Toshowthatmathisalogicalsubject.B.Toarguethatcreativityisirrelevantinanalyticalthinking.C.Toprovethatleft-brainedpeoplearebetteratproblem-solving.D.Toprovepersonalityandtalentdifferencesaren’tduetohemisphericdominance.14.Whydomanypeoplebelieveintheleft-brain/right-braintheory?A.Thistheoryiswidespreadandpopular.B.Scientificstudieshaveconfirmeditsaccuracy.C.Itprovidesawayforthemtosortpersonalities.D.Brainimagingtechnologyhasshownclearhemisphericdifferences.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhyLeft-BrainedPeopleAreSmarter?B.TheScienceofMath:LeftorRightBrain?C.TheTruthBehindHemisphericDominanceD.WaystoDevelopBothLogicalandCreativeThinking【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要駁斥了關(guān)于左腦型人和右腦型人這種流行觀念，并解釋了為什么人們會(huì)相信這一觀念?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theideathattherighthalfofthebrainisthecreativehalfandthelefthalfistheanalytical(分析的)halfandthatourindividualcharacteristicsaredeterminedbywhichhalfisdominantiswidespreadinpopularpsychology.(右腦是創(chuàng)造半球、左腦是分析半球，且我們的個(gè)人性格由占主導(dǎo)地位的半球決定，這一觀點(diǎn)在大眾心理學(xué)中廣泛流傳。)”可知，關(guān)于個(gè)人性格的普遍看法是“大腦中占主導(dǎo)地位的半球決定人的性格”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Math,forexample,requireslogicalthoughtand,thus,isgenerallysaidtobeconnectedwiththeleftbrain.Butmathematicsinvolvesahighlycreativeeffortinadditiontobeingalogicalone.Sowouldagiftedmathematicianbearight-brainedoraleft-brainedperson?(例如，數(shù)學(xué)需要邏輯思維，因此通常被認(rèn)為與左腦有關(guān)。但數(shù)學(xué)除了是邏輯性的，還涉及高度的創(chuàng)造性努力。那么，一個(gè)有天賦的數(shù)學(xué)家是右腦主導(dǎo)還是左腦主導(dǎo)呢？)”可知，作者提及數(shù)學(xué)是為了舉例說(shuō)明：數(shù)學(xué)既需左腦關(guān)聯(lián)的邏輯思維，也需右腦關(guān)聯(lián)的創(chuàng)造性，從而證明性格和天賦差異并非由腦半球主導(dǎo)性決定。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Itmayalsohavesomethingtodowithourseeminglyunlimitedappetitethatallowsustosortourselves(andourfriends)into“types”basedonouremotionalandintellectualcharacteristics.(這也可能與我們看似無(wú)限的“分類欲望”有關(guān)——我們希望根據(jù)自己（和朋友）的情感和智力特征，將自己歸入不同的“類型”。)”可知，人們相信左右腦理論，是因?yàn)樗鼮槿藗兲峁┝艘环N劃分性格類型的方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中的“Theideathattherighthalfofthebrainisthecreativehalfandthelefthalfistheanalytical(分析的)halfandthatourindividualcharacteristicsaredeterminedbywhichhalfisdominantiswidespreadinpopularpsychology.However,thisideaisafiction.(右腦是創(chuàng)造半球、左腦是分析半球，且我們的個(gè)人性格由占主導(dǎo)地位的半球決定，這一觀點(diǎn)在大眾心理學(xué)中廣泛流傳。然而，這一觀點(diǎn)是虛構(gòu)的。)”以及下文通過(guò)腦成像研究和數(shù)學(xué)案例，證明該觀點(diǎn)無(wú)科學(xué)依據(jù)，并分析人們相信該觀點(diǎn)的原因可知，文章圍繞“大腦半球主導(dǎo)性決定性格”這一觀點(diǎn)展開，先指出其為虛構(gòu)，再用研究證明無(wú)證據(jù)支持，最后分析人們相信它的原因，核心是揭示該觀點(diǎn)的真相，因此“腦半球主導(dǎo)性背后的真相”最能概括全文，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小節(jié);每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Bossy,dominant,controlling—havetheselabelsevercometomindwhenyouthinkofothersoryourself?Orhaveothersusedthesetermstodescribeyou?However,controlisn’tpurelynegative.____16____Itsroleinourlivesisfarmorecomplicated.Let’sunpackit.____17____Airtrafficcontrollersensureplanes’safenavigation.Teacherswhomanageclasseseffectivelycreateathrivingenvironment.Self-control,too,isacornerstone(基石)ofpersonalgrowth,helpinguspursuelongtermgoals.Theseallshowhowcontrolcanbeaforcefororderandprogress.Butwhencontrolchangesintoastrongdesiretobeinchargeallthetimeandmakeothersdoexactlywhatyouwant,manyproblemswillstarttoappear.Someindividualsusethreats,orevenforcetoimpose(強(qiáng)制實(shí)行)theirwill.____18____Ifyourecognizesuchbehaviorinothersorexperienceityourself,seekingsupportfromtrustedadultsiscrucial-theycanhelpaddresstheharm.Psychologistslinkthedesireforcontroltounderlyinganxiety.Whenwefeeluncertainorthatwedon’tknowwhattodoinlife,theneedtomanageeverylittlethingbecomesawaytodealwithourfeelings.Andgradually,itbecomesanegativecyclewhichgainsstrength.____19____Life’schangesoftensparkcontrolurges.Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedonetrigger(引發(fā))feelingsofpowerlessness.Transitionslikestartinganewschoolormovingtoadifferentcitycanalsodisrupt(擾亂)oursenseofstability.____20____It’sanaturalresponsetolife’sunpredictability.A.Thiscanbeaformofabuse.B.Controlhasclearpositiveapplications.C.Uncertaintyweakensourself-confidence.D.Thesenseoflosscanalsoexplainthereason.E.Insuchmoments,theneedtoregaincontrolbecomesintense.F.Actually,controldoesn’tfitneatlyinto“good”or“bad”boxes.G.Ifleftunchecked,itcandamagerelationshipsandgeneratestress.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討控制并非純負(fù)面，分析其正負(fù)作用及產(chǎn)生控制欲的原因。【16題詳析】上文“However,controlisn’tpurelynegative.(然而，控制并不完全是負(fù)面的)”及下文“ Itsroleinourlivesisfarmorecomplicated.(它在我們生活中的作用要復(fù)雜得多)”說(shuō)明控制的作用很復(fù)雜，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)F中的“doesn’tfitneatlyinto“good”or“bad”boxes”與下文中的“farmorecomplicated”相呼應(yīng)。所以F選項(xiàng)“實(shí)際上，控制不能簡(jiǎn)單地歸入“好”或“壞”的范疇?！保险Z(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳析】下文“Theseallshowhowcontrolcanbeaforcefororderandprogress.(這些都表明，控制可以成為秩序與進(jìn)步的推動(dòng)力)”說(shuō)明控制是有積極作用的，空處引出下文，選項(xiàng)B中的“positive”與下文中的“aforcefororderandprogress”相呼應(yīng)。所以B選項(xiàng)“控制有明顯的積極應(yīng)用”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文“Someindividualsusethreats,orevenforcetoimpose(強(qiáng)制實(shí)行)theirwill.(有些人會(huì)使用威脅，甚至暴力來(lái)強(qiáng)行推行自己的意志)”及下文“Ifyourecognizesuchbehaviorinothersorexperienceityourself,seekingsupportfromtrustedadultsiscrucial-theycanhelpaddresstheharm.(如果你在他人的行為中識(shí)別出這種表現(xiàn)，或自己正經(jīng)歷這種情況，向可信賴的成年人尋求幫助至關(guān)重要——他們可以幫助應(yīng)對(duì)由此造成的傷害)”說(shuō)明控制欲失控，是一種虐待，經(jīng)歷的人應(yīng)該向別人尋求幫助，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)A中的“abuse”與下文中的“suchbehavior”相呼應(yīng)。所以A選項(xiàng)“這可能是一種形式的虐待?！?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【19題詳析】上文“Whenwefeeluncertainorthatwedon’tknowwhattodoinlife,theneedtomanageeverylittlethingbecomesawaytodealwithourfeelings.Andgradually,itbecomesanegativecyclewhichgainsstrength.(當(dāng)我們感到不確定，或?qū)ι罡械矫悦r(shí)，掌控每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的需求就成了應(yīng)對(duì)情緒的一種方式。久而久之，這會(huì)形成一個(gè)不斷強(qiáng)化的負(fù)面循環(huán))”說(shuō)明我們不能放任這種負(fù)面情緒不管，選項(xiàng)G中的“it”與上文中的“theneedtomanageeverylittlething”相呼應(yīng)。所以G選項(xiàng)“如果不加以控制，它可能會(huì)破壞人際關(guān)系并引發(fā)壓力”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Life’schangesoftensparkcontrolurges.Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedonetrigger(引發(fā))feelingsofpowerlessness.Transitionslikestartinganewschoolormovingtoadifferentcitycanalsodisrupt(擾亂)oursenseofstability.(生活中的變化常常會(huì)激起控制的需求。身體或情緒上的變化、家庭沖突，或失去所愛之人，都會(huì)引發(fā)無(wú)力感。像開始上新學(xué)?；虬岬讲煌鞘羞@樣的轉(zhuǎn)變，也會(huì)擾亂我們的穩(wěn)定感)”及下文“It’sanaturalresponsetolife’sunpredictability.(這是對(duì)生活不可預(yù)測(cè)性的一種自然反應(yīng))”說(shuō)明生活中的變化常常會(huì)讓控制的需求增多，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)E中的“Insuchmoments”與上文中的“Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedone”及“Transitions”相呼應(yīng)。所以E選項(xiàng)“在這樣的時(shí)刻，重新掌控的需求會(huì)變得強(qiáng)烈”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共2節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Childrenwereenthusiasticallypreparingfortheirapproachingconcert.AsIglancedupfrommyteacher’sdesk,Pattystoodwaitingtopresentherurgent____21____.“EveryyearIg-g-gettodo____22____stuff.Theotherkidsarealwaysinap-p-playorsomething.Thisyear,Iw-w-wanttodoap-p-p-poem!”AsIlookedintothoseeagereyes,allpossibleexcuses____23____.Ipromisedheraspecial“reciting”part.Keepingthatpromiseproved____24____.Noneofmybookshadsuitableselections.Indesperation,Istayeduptowriteapoem,carefullyavoiding____25____letters.Itwasn’tgreatliterature,butitwas____26____forPatty’sspeechproblem.Pattymemorizedalltheversesfast,readytodashthroughthem.Ihadtocontrolthatrushwithout____27____herenthusiasm.Dayafterday,PattyandIpracticedhard,____28____herfirstspeakingpart.Onconcertnight,thehostoftheconcertcametome,“There’sbeenamistake.Pattycan’t____29____sayherownnamewithoutstuttering(口吃).”Withouttimeforexplanations,I____30____hisobjectionwith,“IknowwhatI’mdoing.”Theentertainmentwent____31____.WhenPatty’sturncame,thehost____32____nervously,“Nextone...um...PattyConnors.”Theaudiencegasped,andthenfellsilent.ThecurtainpartedtoshowPatty,radiantand____33____.Alltheeffortspaidoff.Shepronouncedeachword____34____,withoutastutter.Withsparklingeyes,shebowedpolitely.Theaudiencewassilent,then____35____intoenthusiasticapplause.21.A.suggestion B.demand C.request D.order22.A.quiet B.impressive C.complex D.violent23.A.stayed B.worked C.appeared D.faded24.A.tough B.easy C.useless D.fun25.A.eye-catching B.mind-blowing C.tongue-tripping D.heart-warming26.A.spared B.tailored C.assigned D.reserved27.A.killing B.increasing C.showing D.hiding28.A.doubting B.regretting C.ignoring D.anticipating29.A.just B.hardly C.even D.merely30.A.putupwith B.brushedaside C.pointedout D.tookintoaccount31.A.terribly B.roughly C.smoothly D.awkwardly32.A.complained B.whispered C.announced D.yelled33.A.annoyed B.anxious C.cautious D.confident34.A.vaguely B.clearly C.randomly D.urgently35.A.erupting B.sliding C.springing D.diving【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.C33.D34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了有口吃問(wèn)題的Patty渴望在即將到來(lái)的音樂會(huì)上表演詩(shī)朗誦，老師起初雖面臨挑戰(zhàn)，但仍幫助她克服困難、循序漸進(jìn)地練習(xí)。最終Patty在舞臺(tái)上完美呈現(xiàn)，贏得了觀眾的熱烈掌聲，展現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)持與鼓勵(lì)的力量?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我從老師的辦公桌前抬頭時(shí)，Patty站在那里等著提出她迫切的請(qǐng)求。A.suggestion建議；B.demand要求（含強(qiáng)硬語(yǔ)氣）；C.request請(qǐng)求（含禮貌、誠(chéng)懇語(yǔ)氣）；D.order命令。Patty是學(xué)生，向老師表達(dá)自己想表演的愿望，語(yǔ)氣應(yīng)是誠(chéng)懇的請(qǐng)求。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每年我都做安靜的事情。A.quiet安靜的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.violent暴力的。根據(jù)后文“Theotherkidsarealwaysinap-p-playorsomething.”可推斷，口吃的Patty每年做的是靜的事情，與其他孩子形成對(duì)比。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看著那雙渴望的眼睛時(shí)，所有可能的借口都消失了。A.stayed停留；B.worked起作用；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.faded消失。根據(jù)“AsIlookedintothoseeagereyes”可知，Patty的渴望讓老師無(wú)法拒絕，因此原本可能存在的借口消失了。故選D。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兌現(xiàn)這個(gè)承諾被證明是困難的。A.tough困難的；B.easy容易的；C.useless無(wú)用的；D.fun有趣的。根據(jù)后文“Noneofmybookshadsuitableselections.

”可知，兌現(xiàn)承諾是困難的。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：絕望中，我熬夜寫了一首詩(shī)，小心地避開拗口的字母。A.eye-catching引人注目的；B.mind-blowing令人震驚的；C.tongue-tripping拗口的；D.heart-warming暖心的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，Patty有口吃問(wèn)題，老師寫詩(shī)時(shí)自然會(huì)避開拗口的字母，以方便她朗讀。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這算不上偉大的文學(xué)作品，但它是為Patty的語(yǔ)言問(wèn)題量身定做的。A.spared抽出（時(shí)間等）；B.tailored量身定制；C.assigned分配；D.reserved保留。根據(jù)上文“Indesperation,Istayeduptowriteapoem, carefullyavoiding

letters.”可知，老師專門為Patty的口吃問(wèn)題寫詩(shī)，避開拗口字母，因此是量身定制的。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我必須控制她（朗讀過(guò)快的）節(jié)奏，同時(shí)不扼殺她的熱情。A.killing扼殺；B.increasing增加；C.showing展示；D.hiding隱藏。根據(jù)上文“Pattymemorizedalltheversesfast,readytodashthroughthem.”可知，老師需要調(diào)整Patty的節(jié)奏，但又不能打擊她的積極性，扼殺她的熱情。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：日復(fù)一日，Patty和我努力練習(xí)，期待她的第一個(gè)演講角色。A.doubting懷疑；B.regretting后悔；C.ignoring忽視；D.anticipating期待。根據(jù)“Dayafterday,PattyandIpracticedhard”可知，兩人努力練習(xí)是為了迎接Patty的第一個(gè)演講角色，因此是期待這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：音樂晚會(huì)的主持人來(lái)找我：“出錯(cuò)了。Patty甚至連自己的名字都說(shuō)不出來(lái)，還會(huì)口吃?！盇.just僅僅；B.hardly幾乎不；C.even甚至；D.merely僅僅。主持人強(qiáng)調(diào)Patty的口吃嚴(yán)重，甚至連自己的名字都無(wú)法順利說(shuō)出，突出問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：沒時(shí)間解釋，我沒有理會(huì)他的反對(duì)，說(shuō)：“我知道自己在做什么?！盇.putupwith忍受；B.brushedaside不予理會(huì)；C.pointedout指出；D.tookintoaccount考慮……。根據(jù)“IknowwhatI’mdoing.”可知，老師沒有理會(huì)主持人的反對(duì)。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：演出進(jìn)行得很順利。A.terribly糟糕地；B.roughly粗略地；C.smoothly順利地；D.awkwardly尷尬地。根據(jù)下文“Alltheeffortspaidoff.

”推測(cè)，演出進(jìn)行得很順利。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：輪到Patty時(shí)，主持人緊張地宣布：“下一位……嗯……PattyConnors。”A.complained抱怨；B.whispered低語(yǔ)；C.announced宣布；D.yelled大喊。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，主持人在舞臺(tái)上需要向觀眾“宣布”下一位表演者。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幕布拉開，露出Patty，容光煥發(fā)且自信。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；D.confident自信的。與“radiant”并列，且結(jié)合后文她完美表演，可知她此時(shí)是自信的。故選D。【34題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她每個(gè)字都清晰地發(fā)音，沒有口吃。A.vaguely模糊地；B.clearly清晰地；C.randomly隨意地；D.urgently緊急地。根據(jù)“withoutastutter.”可知，她發(fā)音清晰地。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：觀眾先是沉默，然后爆發(fā)熱烈的掌聲。A.erupting爆發(fā)；B.sliding滑動(dòng)；C.springing彈起；D.diving潛入。根據(jù)“Theaudiencewassilent”和“intoenthusiasticapplause.”并結(jié)合Patty的精彩表演可知，觀眾被她的表演打動(dòng)，從沉默突然爆發(fā)出掌聲。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SincetheParisOlympics,interestinrockclimbinghasgrownacrossChina.Climbinggymsnationwidehave