Period

OneReading

and

Thinking—ComprehensionTu

Youyou,

controversial

“Mother

of

Artemisinin”

Chinese

female

scientist

Tu

Youyou

won

the

2015

Nobel

Prize

in

Physiology

or

Medicine

on

October

5

for

her

discoveries

concerning

a

novel

treatment

for

malaria.

This

is

the

first

Nobel

Prize

given

to

a

Chinese

scientist

for

work

carried

out

within

China.

Tu

shared

the

prize

with

Irish-born

William

Campbell

and

Satoshi

Omura

of

Japan,

who

were

honoured

for

their

revolutionary

anti-roundworm

treatment.

84-year-old

Tu

was

awarded

this

prize

for

her

contribution

to

cutting

the

death

rate

of

malaria,

reducing

patients'

suffering

and

promoting

mankind's

health.

Although

she

received

several

medical

awards

in

the

past,

the

2015

Nobel

Prize

is

definitely

the

most

privileged

reward

that

recognizes

Tu's

dedication

and

perseverance

in

discovering

artemisinin,

the

key

drug

that

battles

malaria-friendly

parasites(寄生蟲).

However,

her

route

to

the

honour

has

been

anything

but

traditional.

She

won

the

Nobel

Prize

in

medicine,

but

she

doesn't

have

a

medical

degree

or

a

PhD.In

China,

she

is

even

being

called

the

“three-noes”

winner:

no

academician

title,

no

doctorate,

and

she's

never

worked

overseas.

No

wonder

her

success

has

stirred

China's

national

pride

and

helped

promote

confidence

of

native

Chinese

scientists.

The

fact

that

Tu

has

none

of

these

three

backgrounds

reminds

us

that

science

should

be

more

accessible

to

all.

One

shall

be

able

to

become

a

scientist

no

matter

what

kind

of

background

he

or

she

comes

from,

as

long

as

one

dives

into

scientific

research.

There

have

been

discussions

on

people

who

really

love

science

but

are

never

able

to

achieve

much

during

their

whole

life.

Their

contributions

can

never

be

ignored.

They

work

so

hard

to

prove

the

wrong

way

so

that

the

future

researchers

will

be

closer

to

the

right

one.

As

the

first

Chinese

mainland

Nobel

Prize

winner

of

natural

science

award,

Tu's

record-breaking

winning

also

serves

as

a

reminder

to

those

who

are

too

eager

for

instant

success.

Science

is

never

about

instant

success.

Tu

spent

decades

on

scientific

research

before

its

value

is

officially

acknowledged.

There

is

no

way

to

measure

how

much

one

devotes

to

science

and

compare

it

with

how

much

reward

he

or

she

may

get.主題詞句背誦1.win

the

Nobel

Prize

獲諾貝爾獎2.concerning

prep.

關(guān)于3.contribution

to

對……的貢獻(xiàn)/捐助4.cut

the

death

rate

of降低……的死亡率5.anything

but根本不;遠(yuǎn)非6.be

accessible

to可使用的,可接近的7.One

shall

be

able

to

become

a

scientist

no

matter

what

kind

of

background

he

or

she

comes

from,

as

long

as

one

dives

into

scientific

research.一個人無論來自什么樣的背景,只要他/她潛心從事科學(xué)研究,就能夠成為科學(xué)家。8.There

is

no

way

to

measure

how

much

one

devotes

to

science

and

compare

it

with

how

much

reward

he

or

she

may

get.沒有辦法衡量一個人對科學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)程度,并將其與他/她可能獲得多少回報進(jìn)行比較。Task

1：

Fast

ReadingⅠThe

main

idea

is

that

__________________________________________________________________________________.

Tu

Youyou

was

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize

and

how

she

and

her

team

found

artemisininⅡText

Structure

Analysingthe

discoveryresearchhonourTask

2：

Careful

Reading(

)1.Tu

Youyou

was

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize

in

2015

because

she

________.A.found

the

cause

for

malariaB.discovered

artemisininC.kept

the

world

peaceD.made

people

live

longer√(

)2.Why

did

the

Chinese

government

form

a

team

of

scientists

in

1967?A.To

train

more

doctors

for

the

countryside.B.To

help

the

homeless.C.To

help

African

countries

to

fight

against

malaria.D.To

discover

a

new

treatment

for

malaria.√(

)3.What

gave

Tu

Youyou

inspiration

in

her

research?A.Her

colleagues.B.A

world-famous

expert

in

malaria.C.One

sentence

in

one

medical

text.D.An

old

Chinese

doctor.(

)4.Which

adjectives

can

best

describe

Tu

Youyou?A.Committed

and

patient.

B.Caring

and

generous.C.Elegant

and

determined.

D.Kind

and

brave.√√Task

3：

Micro-writing

The

Nobel

Prize

in

Physiology

or

Medicine

was

awarded

to

Tu

Youyou

in

2015,

1._______

research

led

to

the

discovery

of

artemisinin,

2.___

crucial

new

treatment

for

malaria.

Tu

Youyou,

a

3.___________(commit)

and

patient

scientist,

was

born

in

Ningbo,

China,

on

30

December

1930,

and

4.___________(graduate)

from

Peking

University

Medical

School

in

1955.

In

1967,

the

Chinese

government

formed

a

team

of

scientists

with

the

5._________

(object)

of

discovering

a

new

whoseacommittedgraduatedobjectivetreatment

for

malaria,

and

Tu

Youyou

was

6.________

the

first

researchers

chosen.

From

their

research,

they

discovered

and

tested

380

distinct

ancient

Chinese

medical

treatments.

One

medical

text

from

the

fourth

century

suggested

7.______

(use)

the

extract

from

sweet

wormwood

to

treat

a

fever.

Tu's

team

tested

a

collection

of

dried

wormwood

leaves

but

found

no

effect.

They

then

tried

boiling

fresh

wormwood,

and

using

the

liquid

8._________

(obtain)

from

this

to

treat

malaria,

but

this

did

not

work

either.

She

then

concluded

that

boiling

the

sweet

amongusingobtainedwormwood

9.___________

(apparent)destroyed

its

medical

properties.

After

failing

more

than

190

times,

the

team

finally

succeeded

in

1971.

Tu

Youyou

and

her

team

members

even

insisted

on

testing

the

medicine

on

10.___________

(they)

to

make

sure

that

it

was

safe.

Upon

hearing

that

she

had

been

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize,

she

said,

“The

honour

is

not

just

mine.

There

is

a

team

behind

me,

and

all

the

people

of

my

country.”apparentlythemselves課后練習(xí)Ⅰ品句識詞(寫出黑體詞或詞塊的漢語意思)(每小題1分，滿分3分)1.Caffeine,

a

substance

found

in

coffee

and

some

soft

drinks,

is

also

a

drug.

______物質(zhì)2.It

is

believed

that

seals

came

out

when

our

ancestors

had

private

property.

__________私人財產(chǎn)3.During

the

expedition,

the

team

collected

several

botanical

samples

for

further

research

and

analysis.

________植物的課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅱ單詞拼寫(每小題1分，滿分10分)1.As

is

known

to

all,

talent

and

hard

work

are

both

___________

(至關(guān)重要的)

to

career

success.crucial/vital2.It

is

necessary

for

us

to

have

a(n)

_________

(客觀的)

attitude

towards

life.objective3.The

___________

(盡責(zé)的)

teacher

stayed

after

school

to

help

students

who

were

struggling

with

their

assignments.committed4.Only

if

you

make

efforts

to

fulfill

the

task

can

you

be

______________

(承認(rèn))

to

be

excellent.acknowledged5.The

waiter

handed

me

a

menu,

but

it

was

_______

(主要地)

written

in

Chinese,

whose

characters

were

completely

beyond

my

comprehension.mostly6.The

two

paintings

have

________

(有區(qū)別的)styles.

One

is

full

of

bold

and

vivid

colours,

while

the

other

features

soft

and

delicate

colours.distinct7.So

long

as

we

_______

(擊敗)

the

other

team,

we'll

become

the

champion.defeat123456789108.New

students

will

_______

(獲得)

their

library

membership

when

registering

for

college.obtain9.Parents

often

worry

about

their

children's

__________(學(xué)業(yè)的)

performance

and

how

it

will

affect

their

future

opportunities.academic10.The

team

are

working

hard

to

________

(分析)

the

problem

so

that

they

can

find

the

best

solution.analyse12345678910Ⅲ短語填空(每小題2分，滿分16分)1.The

gold

medal

will

_______________

(被授予)

whoever

wins

the

first

place

in

the

bicycle

race.be

awarded

to2.Clean

air

____________

(對……至關(guān)重要)

the

survival

of

humans,

plants

and

animals.is

crucial

to3.After

they

________________

(從……畢業(yè))

college,

they

determined

to

cycle

along

the

entire

Mekong

River.graduated

from123456784.The

technology

promises

to

speed

the

development

of

new

______________

(對……的治療)

a

whole

range

of

diseases.treatments

for5.Our

school

carried

out

an

activity

to

_____________

(與……做斗爭)

white

pollution

and

develop

a

green

community

yesterday.fight

against6.Several

years

after

they'd

split

up

they

met

again

______________________

(偶然地)

in

Paris.by

chance/by

accident123456787.Despite

my

attempts

to

get

him

to

call

me

by

my

Christian

name,

he

___________

(堅(jiān)持)

addressing

me

as

“Mr

Kennedy”.insisted

on8.Last

week,

she

__________

(提取，取出)the

money

from

her

savings

account

to

pay

for

the

unexpected

expenses.drew

out12345678Ⅳ閱讀理解(每小題2.5分，滿分10分)

Suppose

I

were

to

ask

you

to

name

some

of

the

greatest

nurses

that

the

world

has

ever

known.

Chances

are

you

will

give

me

the

name

of

Florence

Nightingale,

the

wealthy

woman

who

gave

off

everything

to

serve

the

needy

people

of

her

time

and

become

a

nurse.

She's

still

pictured

today

as

she

was

in

the

Crimean

War

(克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭)

of

1853,

carrying

a

lamp

from

1234課后素養(yǎng)提升sickbed

to

sickbed

where

she

tended

to

the

wounded,

and

that

is

how

she

earned

herself

the

title

of

“The

Lady

With

The

Lamp”.

Born

on

May

12th,

1820,

she

was

a

genius

who

spoke

multiple

languages

and

pioneered

the

concepts

of

statistical

analysis

that

are

still

used

today.

Her

parents

were

different,

too.

They

were

super-wealthy,

and

actually

cared

about

the

education

of

their

two

daughters.

This

came

as

a

surprise

because

at

that

time,

being

born

with

two

X

chromosomes

1234(染色體)

was

the

high

road

to

a

life

full

of

knitting

and

taking

care

of

a

household,

but

her

father

was

really

dedicated

to

his

two

daughters.

Education

for

women

at

that

time

was

still

at

its

earliest

but

Florence

got

the

best

education

possible.

On

February

5,

1837,

the

teenage

Florence

declared

that

she

had

had

a

vision

and

God

had

commanded

her

to

end

suffering

in

this

world

and

this

is

when

she

joined

nursing.

Both

of

her

parents

disagreed

with

that,

considering

that

at

that

time

nursing

was

looked

down

upon.

Florence

over

the

next

12—13

years

tried

convincing

her

parents,

but

they

didn't

give

in.1234【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了南丁格爾作為世界著名護(hù)士的故事，以及她為了成為護(hù)士克服家庭阻力、奉獻(xiàn)自己一生的偉大事跡。1234(

)1.Why

was

Nightingale

called

“The

Lady

With

The

Lamp”?A.She

was

the

greatest

nurse

in

the

world.B.She

attended

the

Crimean

War

in

1853.C.She

took

a

lamp

to

take

better

pictures.D.She

tirelessly

cared

for

the

wounded

carrying

a

lamp.√1234[解析]

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“She's

still

pictured

today

as

she

was

in

the

Crimean

War

(克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭)

of

1853,

carrying

a

lamp

from

sickbed

to

sickbed

where

she

tended

to

the

wounded,

and

that

is

how

she

earned

herself

the

title

of

‘The

Lady

With

The

Lamp’.”可知，南丁格爾被稱為“提燈女士”是因?yàn)樗谝归g提著燈不知疲倦地照顧傷者。故選D項(xiàng)。1234(

)2.What

can

be

inferred

about

Nightingale's

father

according

to

Paragraph

2?A.He

was

strict

with

his

two

daughters.B.He

believed

women

should

stay

at

home.C.He

placed

a

high

value

on

education.D.He

objected

to

his

daughter's

becoming

a

nurse.[解析]

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“They

were

super-wealthy,

and

actually

cared

about

the

education

of

their

two

daughters.”可知，南丁格爾的父親非常重視女兒的教育。故選C項(xiàng)?！?234(

)3.How

is

the

passage

developed?A.By

making

comparisons.

B.By

listing

reasons.C.By

following

time

order.

D.By

listing

examples.[解析]

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Born

on

May

12th,

1820…”、第三段“On

February

5,

1837…”、第四段“Aged

29…”以及“In

1853…”可知，文章按照時間順序介紹了南丁格爾的成長歷程以及她成為護(hù)士的過程。故選C項(xiàng)。√1234(

)4.Which

of

the

following

can

best

describe

Nightingale?A.Selfless

and

determined.B.Caring

and

mean.C.Serious

and

stubborn.D.Optimistic

and

knowledgeable.[解析]

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Chances

are

you

will

give

me

the

name

of

Florence

Nightingale,

the

wealthy

woman

who

gave

off

everything

to

serve

the

needy

people

of

her

time

and

become

a

nurse.

She's

still

pictured

today

as

she

was

in

the

√1234Crimean

War

(克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭)

of

1853,

carrying

a

lamp

from

sickbed

to

sickbed

where

she

tended

to

the

wounded,

and

that

is

how

she

earned

herself

the

title

of

‘The

Lady

With

The

Lamp’.”、倒數(shù)第二段“Florence

over

the

next

12—13

years

tried

convincing

her

parents,

but

they

didn't

give

in.”和最后一段“Aged

29,

she

even

refused

suitors

(求婚者)

to

focus

on

her

nursing

career

which

at

that

time

was

non-existent.”可知，南丁格爾是無私的并且決心堅(jiān)定的。故選A項(xiàng)。1234Ⅴ閱讀七選五(每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

As

the

saying

goes,

failure

is

the

mother

of

success.

Many

of

us

were

told

from

an

early

age

that,

at

school

or

in

life,

“you

learn

from

your

mistakes”.

Is

this

actually

true?

The

short

answer

is

“yes”.

1.___.

Because

we

would

not

like

to

fail,

learning

from

our

mistakes

is,

in

reality,

very

hard.

It

doesn't

feel

good.

So

we

react

to

failure

in

emotional

ways,

like

giving

up

on

a

task

easily,

telling

ourselves

we

don't

care

C12345whether

we

succeed,

or

finding

fault

with

the

task

itself.

This

is

self-protective,

according

to

Hallgeir

Sjastad,

a

psychology

professor.

In

his

opinion,

most

of

us

want

to

think

of

ourselves

as

capable.

2.___.

Fortunately

there

are

strategies

to

help

us

overcome

the

emotional

barriers.

3.___.

Instead

of

asking

“Why

did

I

fail?”,

we

could

ask

“Why

did

Sam

fail?”,

for

example.

Multiple

studies

show

this

way

helps

to

soften

our

negative

emotional

reactions.

Also

it

allows

us

to

look

at

failure

more

objectively.GE12345

4.___.

This

led

to

better

levels

of

motivation

and

academic

success

in

the

test

groups—involving

both

adults

and

children—that

were

asked

to

give

advice

based

on

their

own

failures.

Professor

Eskreis-Winkler

found

that

the

satisfaction

of

helping

others

“forces

people

to

engage

with

their

experience

and

what

they

have

learned”.

The

writer

Samuel

Beckett

once

said,

“Fail

again,

fail

better.”

But

it

now

seems

that

we

should

say

“fail

again,

fail

smarter”.

5.___,

but

by

learning

to

overcome

the

emotional

barriers

around

it,

we

may

find

the

road

to

success

is

a

little

easier

to

navigate

(駕馭).FD12345A.Everyone

needs

successB.Hard

work

leads

to

successC.Failure

can

be

a

teachable

momentD.Failure

is

an

unavoidable

part

of

lifeE.One

of

them

is

to

adopt

a

third-person

viewF.Next,

offer

advice

to

others

in

the

same

position

as

usG.So

what

failure

causes

is

a

serious

threat

to

our

self-image【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何克服自己的情緒障礙，學(xué)會從失敗中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)，從而獲得進(jìn)步給出了一些建議。123451.___C[解析]

根據(jù)第一段中“…‘you

learn

from

your

mistakes’.

Is

this

actually

true?”和第二段中“The

short

answer

is

‘yes’.”可知，人們是可以從錯誤和失敗中學(xué)習(xí)的，選項(xiàng)C“Failure

can

be

a

teachable

moment”(失敗可以是一個受教育的時刻)表達(dá)了這層含義，對前文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，承接上文，符合語境。故選C。123452.___G[解析]

根據(jù)上一句“In

his

opinion,

most

of

us

want

to

think

of

ourselves

as

capable.”可知，選項(xiàng)G“So

what

failure

causes

is

a

serious

threat

to

our

self-image”(所以失敗造成的是對我們自我形象的嚴(yán)重威脅)進(jìn)一步說明了失敗破壞了人們有能力的形象，使自我形象受到了嚴(yán)重的威脅，同時也是對人們失敗后所產(chǎn)生的情緒化反應(yīng)的解釋，銜接合理，與本段主題相符。故選G。123453.___E[解析]

根據(jù)上一句“Fortunately

there

are

strategies

to

help

us

overcome

the

emotional

barriers.”可知，選項(xiàng)E“One

of

them

is

to

adopt

a

third-person

view”(其中之一就是采用第三人稱視角)中的

them

指代上一句中的

strategies，指出了其中一個策略的內(nèi)容，承接上文；結(jié)合下文“Instead

of

asking

‘Why

did

I

fail?’,

we

could

ask

‘Why

did

Sam

fail?’,

for

example.”可知，下一句是對選項(xiàng)E的舉例說明。故選E。123454.___F[解析]

第三段主要介紹了幫助人們克服情緒障礙的一個策略，選項(xiàng)F“Next,

offer

advice

to

others

in

the

same

position

as

us”(其次，給和我們處境相同的人提建議)在第四段給出了第二個策略，就是基于自己失敗的經(jīng)歷，給同樣失敗的人提出建議；下一句“This

led

to

better

levels

of

motivation

and

academic

success

in

the

test

groups—involving

both

adults

and

children—that

were

asked

to

give

advice

based

on

their

own

failures.”中的

this

指代選項(xiàng)F的內(nèi)容，指出了給別人提出建議的策略所產(chǎn)生的效果，符合語義和語境。故選F。123455.___D[解析]

根據(jù)下文“…but

by

learning

to

overcome

the

emotional

barriers

around

it,

we

may

find

the

road

to

success

is

a

little

easier

to

navigate

(駕馭).”可知，選項(xiàng)D“Failure

is

an

unavoidable

part

of

life”(失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分)指出失敗不可避免，但是如果通過學(xué)習(xí)如何克服情緒障礙，學(xué)會從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，就會更容易獲得成功，由此可知，選項(xiàng)D與下文語義銜接合理，呼應(yīng)文章主題。故選D。12345Ⅵ語法填空(每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

Benjamin

Lou

is

a

computer

scientist

and

advocate

who

was

born

with

a

rare

genetic

disorder

1._______

(call)

spinal

muscular

atrophy

(SMA),

which

affects

the

muscles

used

for

moving

the

body.

At

the

age

of

one,

he

became

2.___________

(complete)

paralyzed

(癱瘓)

from

the

chest

down,

making

it

difficult

for

him

to

breathe,

feed

himself,

or

move

around

without

assistance.

Despite

these

3.___________

(challenge),

calledcompletelychallenges12345678910Benjamin

beat

the

odds

and

entered

Massachusetts

Institute

of

Technology,

4._______

he

earned

a

degree

in

computer

science

and

artificial

intelligence.

By

now,

Benjamin

5._____________

(become)

a