第第頁廣東省2025-2026學年高一上學期英語期中模擬卷（1）一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Asthefirstgirlinmyfamily,IwasborninVenezuela,twelvemonthstothedaybeforeoneofthebiggestearthquakesinthecountry'shistorystruckthecapitalcityCaracasin1967.I'vealwaysseenthisasasignofmydestiny.Disastershavethepotentialtosetbackanation'sdevelopmentforyearsandevendecades.However,mypersonalexperienceshavetaughtmethattheextentofdamageoftendependsonwhetherthereisacultureofpreventionwithintheaffectedsociety..IrecallatimewhenIwaslivinginanapartmentbuildingwhenamoderateearthquakestruck.Myreaction,aftertheimmediate"drop,cover,holdon"reflexes(反射動作),wastohopethatthebuildingwouldprovetobestructurallysound.Astheshakingslowlystopped,Iranoutsidetowaitforpossibleaftershocks.Myfears,thankfully,didnothappen.Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.Occasionslikethisshowthenecessityofhavingupdatedbuildingcodesthatincludelessonslearnedfrompastdisasters.Hadthebuildingnotfollowedtheseupdatedcodes,Imaynothavesurvived.Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.IhavespentthepasttwoyearsworkingontheBuiltEnvironmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanProject.Theprojecthasdevelopedrisk-informedpoliciesandengineeringtechniquesinthesixcountriesthatwereselectedfortheirparticularlyhighexposuretoearthquakes.Thisprojectfitsperfectlywithmyprofessionalandpersonalgoals,asitcombinesmypassionandexperienceinriskreduction.LikethethirdlittlepiginthetaleofThreeLittlePigs,whoputsresilience(韌性)aboveconveniencewhilebuildinghishousefrombricks,I'mcommittedtobuildingaframeworkofpreventionandresilience,asIknowthatearlyactiontodaycanpreventproblemstomorrow.1．Whatdoestheauthorrefertoasherdestiny?A．Rebuildingcitiesafterdisasters.B．Experiencingmanyearthquakes.C．Doingworkrelatedtoearthquakes.D．UpdatingbuildingcodesinVenezuela.2．Whydidtheearthquakementionedinparagraph3impresstheauthor?A．Sherealizedthedangerofearthquakes.B．Shefeltshedidnotrespondwellenough.C．Shewasveryluckytoescapewithherlife.D．Sherecognizedtheimportanceofprevention.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mitigating"inparagraph4mean?A．Causing. B．Reducing. C．Ignoring. D．Avoiding.4．WhatdoesthetaleofThreeLittlePigsimply?A．Teamworkmattersinpreventingdisasters.B．Riskreductionworkrequiresalotofskills.C．Damagecausedbydisasterscanbeavoided.D．Buildinghousesneedspassionandexperience.Beingstruckbylightningissomethinghumansgenerallytrytoavoid.Butforatleastonetropicaltreespecies,thismightbeagoodthing.Scientistshavelongbelievedthatbeinghitbylightningcouldhaveonlynegativeeffectsontrees."Yourbest-casescenario(設想)isthatyou'rekindofokay,andyourworst-casescenariois:youexplodeinamillionbits,"saysEvanGora,aforestecologistattheCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudiesinNewYorkState.Butafterspendingmanyyearsstudyingtheeffectsoflightningonrainforests,Gorabeganwonderingwhethertreescouldnotonlysurvivethisusuallydeadlyeventbutalsoactuallygetsomekindofadvantagefromit.Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesspentseveralyearsfollowingthefateof93treesfromvariousspeciesintherainforestofcentralPanamawhentheyweredirectlystruckbylightning.Ninewerefromaspeciesknownasthealmendro(油蠟豆樹),aforestgiantnativetoCentralandSouthAmericathatcangrowupto165feettall.Afterthetreeswerestruck,theresearcherscontinuedtomonitortheonesthatsurvivedtheshock,checkingtheiroverallcondition.Theresultsshowedthatthealmendrotreeswereveryresistanttolightningandminimallydamaged.Afewotherlargespeciesalsosurvivedthestrikesandmighthavebenefittedaswell,butlightninghadnotstruckenoughofthesespeciesfortheresearcherstobecertain.Theresearchersalsoassumethatthealmendromighthaveevolvedtoattractlightning—oratleastnottoavoidit,asmostothertreeshave.Almendrotrees'widecrown(樹冠)andtallheight.whichenhanceitschanceofbeinghit,makeitalivinglightningrod(避雷針).Gorathinkssimilarabilitiestobenefitfromlightningmightbewidespreadacrossotherspeciesandtypesofforests.AllanCarroll,adisturbanceecologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,whowasn'tinvolvedintheresearch,says,"Thefindingsofthestudyarequitenovelandmakeasignificantcontributiontoourknowledgeofplantevolution."5．WhydoestheauthorquoteEvanGora?A．Toshowafact. B．Tosupportapoint.C．Toexplainaconcept. D．Toillustrateaphenomenon.6．Howdidresearchersstudytheeffectsoflightningontrees?A．Theycheckedtherelateddatayearly.B．Theytrackedthesubjectsforalongtime.C．Theycomparedtheheightofdifferenttrees.D．Theyrecordedthefrequencyoflightingoccurrences.7．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Almendrotreesarelikelytoattractlightning.B．Theresultoftheresearchistotallyconvincing.C．Beingresistanttolightningiscommontotrees.D．Almendrotreescangetshelteredfromlightning.8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howdotreesconductelectricity?B．Howaretreesprotectedfromlightning?C．Cantreespeciesbenefitfromlightning?D．Canlightningharmrainforestecosystem?IremembervividlythedayIfirststeppedintoMarguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchoolinSaguenay,whichisaschoollookingtotallydifferent.Itallstartedbackin2017,andagroupofQuebec-basededucationadvocates,includingcelebratedarchitectPierreThibault,brokewithtradition.Theypersuadedtheneducationministertokickin$3milliontocreateLab-école,anon-profitaimedatdevelopinglearningenvironmentsthatwouldmakechildrenexcitedtogotoschool.Lab-école'smodel,inspiredbyprimaryschoolsinDenmark,FinlandandJapan,includedlargewindows,naturalmaterials,andspaciousroomforkitchens,commonspacesandplay.In2019,sixschoolswerechosentoreceiveLab-écolemakeovers,oneofwhichwasMarguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool.The$16.75-milliondesignfeaturedthreeinterconnected,all-woodpavilions(亭子)withslopingroofsremindingallofSaguenay'sLittleWhiteHouse.WhenIwalkedintothefirstwingoftheschool,ithousesofficesandkindergartenclassrooms,whilethesecond,centralwinghasacookinglabandmulti-purposecreativelab,alongwithacommunitylearningcenterthatdoublesasalibraryandgatheringspace.Inthethirdwing,theschool's12elementaryclassroomsarespreadoutbetweenthreehomeycottage-likestructures.Outside,theyardissurroundedbytheU-shapedmainbuilding,protectingtheareafromhighwindsandotherwildweather.There'sanoutdoorclassroom,asportscircuitandlotsofclimbableplaystructuresmadewithrepurposedwoodfromoldbuildings.Bio-retentionbasinsarebuiltintothegardentomanagestormwaterrunoff.Here,wehadthechancetolearntheinsandoutsofurbanagriculture.AfterdoorsopenedinAugustof2023,thestructurereceivedgoodreviewsfromits290pupils,includingmeandthepublic,whomakeregularuseofitsparkandkitchen.TheprovincehasnoplanstoextendLab-écoleafterallitsschoolsarecompletedthisyear,buttheprogramhasalreadyaceditsassignment:togetCanadiansthinkingdifferentlyaboutwhataschoolcanbe.9．Whywasthenon-profitLab-écoleestablished?A．Topopularizeasustainablelivingstyle.B．Tomakeschoolsappealingtostudents.C．Todevelopstudents'criticalthinking.D．Tocallforharmonyinlocalcommunity.10．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexplainabouttheupgradedschoolinparagraph3?A．Itscost. B．Itsdesign. C．Itslocation. D．Itshistory.11．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Studentswillperformmoreassignmentsintheclass.B．Parentsandkidsholddifferentviewsonthestructure.C．Theprovinceplanstoextendthemodeltoallschools.D．Theschool'smakeoverwonpopularitywiththepublic.12．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Lab-école:InnovatingCanadianSchoolDesign.B．ChallengesFacingHighSchoolStudentsinCanada.C．AnIntroductiontoQuebec-basedEducationAdvocates.D．Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool:aNewlyConstructedSchool.二、第二節(jié)語句排序（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）Manyofourmemorysystemsaredrivenbyonesingle,powerfulurge:tosurvive.13．Therefore,wecannavigateourlocalenvironmentssafely.We'realsonaturallytalentedatrecognizingfaces.Eversincewelivedingroups,wehumanshaveneededtoknowwho's"partofthepack",andwhoisn't,asavitalpartofstayingsafe.Andwe'reexcellentatrememberingthingsthatmightputourwell-beingatrisk.Arecentresearchshowedthatwe'reremarkablyaccurateatrecallinganythingconnectedwithinfection.14．Inthestudy,volunteerswereshownasetofobjectsthattheywouldbetestedonlater.Buttherewasatwist.Someoftheitemswereheldbyaresearcherwhowassaidtohavegotflu.Andguesswhat?Those"contaminated(受污染的)"objectsprovedtobesignificantlyeasiertorecall.Noneofthevolunteerswouldeverhavetotouchthosethingsthemselves.Buttheirmindsstillprioritizedthem,lockingintheinformationforlater—justincaseitcouldkeepthemsafe.15．Whenyou'vegotsomethingimportanttoremember,whynot"tag"itwithoneofthoseunpleasantfeelingsthatyourbraincan'thelpholdingonto?Worriedaboutforgettingthemilkfromyourshoppinglist?Picturethebottle,andimagineopeningitonlytodiscoverthatit'sweeksoutofdate.Thinkabouthowitwouldlook—andsmell!16．Yourinstinctforself-protectionkeepsthingsinyourthoughtmorethannormally.Don'ttrythistechniquetoooften,though,oryou'llendupalwaysfeelingonedge!17．A.Itenablesustohaveadisgustinglygoodmemory.B.Evenimaginarydangerscansharpenourmemoryskills.C.Weseemtobebornwiththeabilitytorememberroutes.D.It'saninvoluntaryresponsethatyoucanusetoyouradvantage.E.Tosharpenourbrain,wevisualizeeverythingaswhatwehate.F.Thankstothepowerofdisgust,you'llhaveabetterchanceofrememberingthefreshone.G.But,whenyourmemoryneedsaboost,abitofnegativefeelingscanbehealthyforyourrecall.三、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoMaintainGoodMentalHealthMentalhealthisjustasimportantasphysicalhealth,especiallyforstudentswhofaceacademicpressureandsocialchallenges.Herearesomeeffectivestrategiestoboostyourmentalwell-being.TalkaboutyourfeelingKeepingyouremotionsbottledupcanleadtostressandanxiety.18．Whetherit'safriend,familymember,orteacher,sharingyourthoughtscanhelpyoufeelsupportedandunderstood.StayactivePhysicalactivityisnotonlygoodforyourbodybutalsoforyourmind.Exercisereleasesendorphins,whicharenaturalmoodboosters.Regularexercisecanalsoimproveyoursleepqualityandreduceanxiety.19．Getenoughsleep20．It'simportanttoaimfor7—9hoursofsleepeachnight.Trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeverydaytoestablishahealthyroutine.PracticemindfulnessMindfulnessisatechniquethathelpsyoustayfocusedonthepresentmoment.21．Youcantrydeepbreathing,meditation,orsimplypayingattentiontoyoursurroundings.22．Ifyou'restrugglingwithyourmentalhealth,don'thesitatetoreachouttoexpertsortherapists,whoaretrainedtohelpyoudealwithdifficultemotions.Theycanalsoprovideyouwithtoolsandstrategiestomanageyouremotionseffectively.

A.Writeajournaltoexpressfeelings.B.Seekprofessionalhelpwhennecessary.C.Makesuretoeatabalanceddiettokeepyourenergylevelsup.D.Evenashortwalkoraquickworkoutcanmakeabigdifference.E.Thiscanhelpreducestressandimproveyouroverallwell-being.F.Findsomeoneyoutrustandtalktothemabouthowyou'refeeling.G.Lackofsleepcannegativelyaffectyourmoodandabilitytoconcentrate.四、閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。完形填空IwasonvacationinCubaandduringanafternoon,Iwenttoadolphincove(小海灣)whereyoucouldhaveacloselookatdolphinsandevenswimwiththem.Atfirst,myexpectationswerequite23．forthis.I'veneverbeena(n)24．ofcaptive(圈養(yǎng)的)animalssoIdon'tgotothezoo.Therewereabout6cagesunderwatersurroundingthedockwherethe25．wereandwhereyoucouldswimwiththem.Thesecageshadno26．part.Theyroseoutofthe27．a(chǎn)boutafootandhadafairlygoodamountofdepth.Thesedolphinscouldeasilyjumpoverthecages.Asthetourstarted,28．,ourCubanguideoverheardeveryonetalkingaboutthecages.Therefore,hestartedoffthetourby29．theintelligenceofdolphinsandthedeal30．peoplemadewiththem.Notsurehowtheystartedthe31．,butbasicallyitfollowsasthis.Thesedolphinsarecompletely32．.Theyarriveinlandduringacertainpartoftheseasonwhentheyfinditdifficulttofind33．intheseas.Theywill34．a(chǎn)ndliveinthedolphinparkandgetfedwithreallygoodfood.Whenhurricaneseasonstarts,theygobacktothe35．a(chǎn)ndstaythereuntiltheseasonchanges.Thedolphinsaretherebytheirownfreewillbecauseit36．them.Iwishedotherfacilitiescouldestablisha37．likethis.23．A．normal B．low C．unrealistic D．positive24．A．observer B．victim C．fan D．owner25．A．dolphins B．fishermen C．tourists D．boats26．A．strong B．top C．flat D．large27．A．roof B．house C．dock D．water28．A．luckily B．a(chǎn)mazingly C．obviously D．eventually29．A．explaining B．exploring C．testing D．a(chǎn)dmiring30．A．local B．primitive C．brave D．tough31．A．research B．experiment C．a(chǎn)dventure D．process32．A．reliable B．wild C．stress-free D．self-willed33．A．fun B．land C．help D．food34．A．hide B．hunt C．dive D．perform35．A．island B．ocean C．park D．cage36．A．relaxes B．benefits C．inspires D．cures37．A．standard B．relationship C．program D．regulation五、第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinesecalligraphyart,alsoknownastraditionalChinesecalligraphy,includesawiderangeoftechniquesandstyles.TheuseofChinesebrushwork,which38．(feature)byfluentandexpressivestrokes(筆劃),createsaharmoniousbalance39．precisionandartisticfreedom.Chinesecalligraphyartoffers40．lookintotherichculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))andartistictraditionsofChina.Itprovidesaplatformforexplorationandexperimentation,41．(enable)calligrapherstopushtheboundariesoftheirskillsandcreateinnovativeworks.ThecomplexityandvastnumberofChinesecharacterspresentendless42．(opportunity)forartisticexpressions,witheachstrokeandcharactershowingadifferentemotionandmeaning."Chinesecalligraphyisnotjustaboutwriting;itisaboutartisticcreation.Throughcalligraphy,Icanexpress43．(I),myemotions,andmythoughts.Itisadeeplypersonalandmeditative(沉思的)processthatallowsmetoconnectwithmyinnerselfandcommunicatewiththeworld,"saidLiMei,aChinesecalligrapher.ThepermanentbeautyofChinesecalligraphyartliesinitsability44．(communicate)bothvisualandemotionaldepth.Witharichhistorylastingthousandsofyears,thisartform45．(continue)toinspireandappealtoartenthusiastsaroundtheworld.Its46．(elegant)andexcellencesurpasstimeandculturalboundaries,makingitavaluedformofartisticexpression47．impressespeoplefromallwalksoflife.六、根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出與句中畫線部分意義最接近的選項。48．Fromher____smile,wecanseesheis____withtheresult.A．satisfying;satisfied B．satisfying;satisfyingC．satisfied;satisfied D．satisfied;satisfying49．Iftheticketstothematcharenotavailable,pleasegivemeacall____.A．ingeneral B．inbrief C．inadvance D．inparticular50．Highspeedtrainsareseldomdelayedorcancelledduetoweatherconditions.____,theyhavebecomethefirstchoiceformanypassengers.A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise51．Thenewproductisbeyondallpraiseandhasquicklytakenoverthemarket________itssuperiorquality.A．ontopof B．infavorof C．forfearof D．onaccountof52．Withtwo-monthslifeoncampus,wehavealready____totheroutine.A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．a(chǎn)dmired C．a(chǎn)dopted D．a(chǎn)dapted53．He'soneofthebar's____customers,sohecanenjoythedrinksatadiscount.A．regular B．normal C．official D．extraordinary54．Theteacherencouragedthestudentstothinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwith____solutionstotheproblem.A．traditional B．professional C．creative D．negative55．Followinginthefootstepsofhisteacherallthoseyearsago,Mr.Wanghasnow________hisskillstothenewmembers.A．passedby B．takenon C．passedon D．takenup56．Intheessay,thestudentdiscussedtheimportanceofculturaldiversityandhowitshouldbe____andcelebratedinmodernsociety.A．debated B．ignored C．a(chǎn)pplied D．recognized57．TheDragonBoatFestivalis____onthefifthofMayoftheLunarCalendar.A．a(chǎn)dmired B．confirmed C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．observed七、根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，用單詞的恰當形式填空，并把完整單詞填寫在答題卷相應的位置上。58．Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepest(同情)forthevictimsofthewar.59．InJapan,someonewho(目睹)anotherpersonethegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.60．Thestudentsshouldbeabletofinishthesework（獨立地）.61．Weshouldr(辨認出)differencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)62．Weproudlypresenta(選擇)offilmswithdifferentthemesinordertopleaseeveryvirtualrealitylover.63．Studentsneedto(注冊)attheschoolofficebeforeenteringthecampus.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)64．Readersarefreetomake(評論)onthenewly-publishedbook.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)65．Hethoughtforamomentandfoundthattherewasasimplestothisproblem.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)66．LiHua(辭職)fromthecompanyinordertogoabroadforfurtherstudy.67．Herfriendbrokeherfavouriteglass,soshefeltverya(生氣).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)八、將下列句子翻譯成合適的英語。68．湯姆曠課的原因是他病了。Thereasonwasthathewasill.69．說到電影，我喜歡看喜劇片多于看恐怖片。Whenitcomestomovies,Iwatchingcomedieswatchinghorrorfilms.70．西班牙什么時候控制秘魯?shù)模縒henSpainPeru？71．現(xiàn)在我終于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起歡度端午節(jié)是完全值得的。(v.-ing作主語)(話題寫作之文化)I'mfinallybackhomenow,feelingreallytired，butwastotallyworthit.72．Heunfortunately(逝世了)lastyearbecauseofseriousdisease.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)九、第二節(jié)應用文寫作（滿分25分）73．假如你是21世紀英文報編輯李華，最近收到廣東省某中學高一新生王偉的來信，信中提到目前學習英語遇到困難，想請你就高中階段怎樣學好英語給出一些建議。你打算給王偉寫封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.問候安慰；2.提出建議；3.期待進步。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearWangWei,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者出生于委內(nèi)瑞拉，在該國首都發(fā)生地震的前一年出生，這讓作者認為自己與地震相關工作有某種命運聯(lián)系。作者通過自身經(jīng)歷深刻認識到預防的重要性。作者還參與相關項目，致力于構建預防和抗災框架。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和詞義猜測題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。詞義猜測題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測詞義和語義的能力，突出考查對語境的分析和把握能力。常見的猜詞法有：利用上下文語境。猜測任何詞義都離不開上下文，所以要借助上下文對需要猜測的詞或短語進行合乎邏輯的推測。利用定義或解釋性的線索。閱讀文章中的有些生詞往往在其后會有對該詞進行解釋說明的短語或句子，利用它們猜詞義較容易利用文章的邏輯關系答題。如并列、對比、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折關系等。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文第一段"Asthefirstgirlinmyfamily,IwasborninVenezuela,twelvemonthstothedaybeforeoneofthebiggestearthquakesinthecountry'shistorystruckthecapitalcityCaracasin1967.I'vealwaysseenthisasasignofmydestiny.(作為家中的長女，我出生在委內(nèi)瑞拉。1967年，該國歷史上最嚴重的地震之一襲擊了首都加拉加斯，而我在地震發(fā)生前整12個月出生。我一直將此視為命運的一種昭示)"以及最后一段"IhavespentthepasttwoyearsworkingontheBuiltEnvironmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanProject...Thisprojectfitsperfectlywithmyprofessionalandpersonalgoals,asitcombinesmypassionandexperienceinriskreduction.(在過去的兩年里，我一直在從事拉丁美洲和加勒比地區(qū)建筑環(huán)境項目……這個項目與我的職業(yè)和個人目標完美契合，因為它結(jié)合了我在降低風險方面的熱情和經(jīng)驗)"可知，作者將從事與地震相關的工作視為自己的命運。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.(它能抵御地震是因為它遵循了該國的建筑規(guī)范)"以及第四段"Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.(這次經(jīng)歷進一步堅定了我對預防在減輕災害影響方面價值的信念)"可知，第三段提到的地震給作者留下深刻印象是因為她認識到了預防的重要性。故選D。3．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段"Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.(它能抵御地震是因為它遵循了該國的建筑規(guī)范)"和第四段"Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.(這次經(jīng)歷進一步堅定了我對預防在……災害影響方面價值的信念)"并結(jié)合前文提到建筑遵循規(guī)范抵御地震，可知預防是為了"減輕"災害影響。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"LikethethirdlittlepiginthetaleofThreeLittlePigs,whoputsresilience(韌性)aboveconveniencewhilebuildinghishousefrombricks,I'mcommittedtobuildingaframeworkofpreventionandresilience,asIknowthatearlyactiontodaycanpreventproblemstomorrow.(就像《三只小豬》故事里的第三只小豬，用磚頭蓋房子時把韌性置于便利之上，我致力于構建一個預防和具備韌性的框架，因為我知道今日盡早行動，明日便可防患于未然)"可知，《三只小豬》的故事暗示通過像第三只小豬一樣注重韌性（預防措施），災害造成的損害是可以避免的。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B6．B7．A8．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學家長期以來認為雷擊對樹木只有負面影響，但最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，中美洲和南美洲的本土巨樹——油蠟豆樹（almendro）不僅能耐受雷擊，甚至可能從中受益。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標題歸納三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Scientistshavelongbelievedthatbeinghitbylightningcouldhaveonlynegativeeffectsontrees.‘Yourbest-casescenario(設想)isthatyou'rekindofokay,andyourworst-casescenariois:youexplodeinamillionbits,'saysEvanGora,aforestecologistattheCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudiesinNewYorkState."科學家們長期以來一直認為，被閃電擊中只會對樹木產(chǎn)生負面影響。紐約州卡里生態(tài)系統(tǒng)研究所的森林生態(tài)學家EvanGora說："最好的情況是，你基本沒事，而最壞的情況是，你會被炸得粉碎。"可知，作者引用EvanGora的話是為了支持一個觀點，即長期以來科學家認為雷擊對樹木只有負面影響。故選B。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesspentseveralyearsfollowingthefateof93treesfromvariousspeciesintherainforestofcentralPanamawhentheyweredirectlystruckbylightning."為了找到答案，他和他的同事們花了幾年時間追蹤巴拿馬中部熱帶雨林中93棵不同種類的樹木在直接被閃電擊中后的命運。可知，通過長時間追蹤被雷擊的樹木，研究人員研究雷擊對樹木的影響。故選B。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Theresearchersalsoassumethatthealmendromighthaveevolvedtoattractlightning—oratleastnottoavoidit,asmostothertreeshave."研究人員還假設，油蠟豆樹可能已經(jīng)進化到吸引閃電——或者至少不像大多數(shù)其他樹木那樣避免閃電?？芍?，油蠟豆樹有可能吸引閃電。故選A。8．標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Butforatleastonetropicaltreespecies,thismightbeagoodthing."但對于至少一種熱帶樹種來說，這可能是一件好事；以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文探討的是某些樹種是否可能從雷擊中獲得益處，"樹種能從閃電中受益嗎？"概括文章主旨，適合作本文標題。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B10．B11．D12．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了加拿大魁北克省薩格奈的Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool經(jīng)Lab-école項目改造后，成為激發(fā)孩子上學熱情的創(chuàng)新型學習環(huán)境典范，雖項目無擴展計劃，但已成功引發(fā)人們對學校新模式的思考。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標題歸納三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。

9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Theypersuadedtheneducationministertokickin$3milliontocreateLab-école,anon-profitaimedatdevelopinglearningenvironmentsthatwouldmakechildrenexcitedtogotoschool."他們說服當時的教育部長出資300萬美元創(chuàng)建Lab-école，這是一個旨在開發(fā)學習環(huán)境的非營利組織，讓孩子們對上學感到興奮?？芍?，成立非營利組織Lab-école是為了讓學校對學生有吸引力。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"WhenIwalkedintothefirstwingoftheschool,ithousesofficesandkindergartenclassrooms,whilethesecond,centralwinghasacookinglabandmulti-purposecreativelab,alongwithacommunitylearningcenterthatdoublesasalibraryandgatheringspace.Inthethirdwing,theschool's12elementaryclassroomsarespreadoutbetweenthreehomeycottage-likestructures.Outside,theyardissurroundedbytheU-shapedmainbuilding,protectingtheareafromhighwindsandotherwildweather.There'sanoutdoorclassroom,asportscircuitandlotsofclimbableplaystructuresmadewithrepurposedwoodfromoldbuildings."當我走進學校的第一個側(cè)翼時，它容納了辦公室和幼兒園教室，而第二個側(cè)翼，中央有一個烹飪實驗室和多功能創(chuàng)意實驗室，以及一個社區(qū)學習中心，兼作圖書館和聚會空間。在第三翼，學校的12個小學教室分布在三個像家一樣的小屋之間。在室外，庭院被U形的主體建筑包圍，保護該區(qū)域免受強風和其他惡劣天氣的影響。這里有一間戶外教室、一條運動賽道和許多可攀爬的游戲結(jié)構，這些結(jié)構是用舊建筑的木材改造而成的?？芍?，作者打算在第3段中解釋升級后的學校的設計。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"AfterdoorsopenedinAugustof2023,thestructurereceivedgoodreviewsfromits290pupils,includingmeandthepublic,whomakeregularuseofitsparkandkitchen."2023年8月學校開門后，這座建筑得到了包括我在內(nèi)的290名學生以及公眾的好評，他們經(jīng)常使用學校的公園和廚房?？赏浦?，學校的改造受到了公眾的歡迎。故選D。12．標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了魁北克的教育倡導者成立非營利組織Lab-école，受丹麥、芬蘭和日本小學的啟發(fā)，對包括Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool在內(nèi)的學校進行改造，打造出讓孩子們興奮上學的學習環(huán)境，并獲得了學生和公眾好評的故事。"Lab-école：創(chuàng)新加拿大學校設計"全面概括主題，適合作為本文標題。故選A?！敬鸢浮?3．C；14．B；15．D；16．F；17．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞人類的記憶系統(tǒng)展開，解釋了記憶系統(tǒng)如何受到生存本能的驅(qū)動，以及如何利用這種本能來提高記憶能力。備選項的中文意思：

A.它能讓我們擁有好得離譜的記憶力。

B.即使是想象中的危險也能提升我們的記憶能力。

C.我們似乎生來就具備記住路線的能力。

D.這是一種無意識的反應，你可以利用它為自己謀利。

E.為了讓大腦更敏銳，我們把一切事物都想象成自己討厭的東西。

F.多虧了厭惡情緒的力量，你更有可能記住新事物。

G.但是，當你需要增強記憶力時，一點負面情緒對你的回憶能力是有益的?！军c評】考查任務型閱讀（七選五）。解題技巧如下：1.看首段，跳過空格快速通讀全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，首段的末句對于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義。2.首先快速瀏覽一遍幾個備選答案，先確定哪個選項適合放在文章的什么位置。3.精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項填入空格。七選五空出的是整個句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案?？疾閷ι舷挛牡睦斫饧巴评砼袛嗄芰?。4.看選項，找出與空前空后句中心詞同義，近義或相關性的詞語。實現(xiàn)關鍵詞的對接，先易后難，各個突破。此外要通過句子的邏輯關系或句子的標點來判斷該句在文章的位置。5.解題的關鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段。尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通讀全文。將所選項放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構成語義及邏輯上的直接關系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。13．根據(jù)下文"Therefore,wecannavigateourlocalenvironmentssafely.(因此，我們能夠安全地在我們當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境中辨別方向。)"推知，空處指出我們可以辨別方向的原因。選項C"Weseemtobebornwiththeabilitytorememberroutes.(我們似乎生來就具備記住路線的能力。)"指出我們天生有記住路線的能力，所以我們能安全辨別方向，符合邏輯。故選C。14．根據(jù)上文"Andwe'reexcellentatrememberingthingsthatmightputourwell-beingatrisk.Arecentresearchshowedthatwe'reremarkablyaccurateatrecallinganythingconnectedwithinfection.(而且我們非常擅長記住那些可能會危及我們自身健康的事物。最近的一項研究表明，我們在回憶任何與感染有關的事物時都極其準確。)"可知，我們在回憶任何與感染有關的事物時都極其準確。選項B"Evenimaginarydangerscansharpenourmemoryskills.(即使是想象中的危險也能提升我們的記憶能力。)"延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出哪怕危險是想象出來的，也能提高我們的記憶能力。故選B。15．根據(jù)上文"Noneofthevolunteerswouldeverhavetotouchthosethingsthemselves.Buttheirmindsstillprioritizedthem,lockingintheinformationforlater—justincaseitcouldkeepthemsafe.(實際上，沒有一個志愿者需要親自去觸碰那些物品。但他們的大腦仍然優(yōu)先處理與這些物品相關的信息，將這些信息儲存起來以備日后之需——萬一這些信息能保障他們的安全呢。)"可知，大腦會將這些物品的相關信息自動存儲起來。選項D"It'sa