絕密☆啟用前2026屆高三11月質(zhì)量檢測英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號；回答非選擇題時，用0.5mm的黑色字跡簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillBenarriveattherestaurant?A.At8:30p.m.B.At8:00p.m.CAt7:30p.m.,2.Whatwillhappentothecitycentre?A.Feweraccidents.B.Morepollution.C.Moretrafficjams.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheck.C.Incash.4.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Theslowservice，B.Thebadtasteoffish.C.Thecoldenvironment.5.Wherearetheygoingprobably?A.Toagasstation.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toatheatre.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatkindofsoupwilltheymake?A.Sweetandsour.BSpicy.C.Salty.7.Wherewillthewomangetlemonjuice?A.Fromthemarket.B.Fromthekitchen.C.Fromhermum’shouse.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoesthemanwanttogotocollege?A.InHongKong.B.InShanghai.C.InBeijing.9.WhatdoesLilywanttomajorin?A.Finance.B.Computerscience.C.Medicine.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WheredidChristinaandherhusbandlivebefore?A.Washington.B.Nebraska.C.Texas.11.WhatdoesBrycedoforaliving?A.Ateacher.B.Abanker.C.Adesigner.12.WhatdoesChristinaliketodoinhersparetime?A.Makefurniture.B.Paint.C.Bakingcookies.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howmanyplacesdidtheyvisitduringthetrip?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.14.Whatdidthemanlikeinthemuseum?A.Ancientpaintings.B.Classicstamps.C.Oldclocks.15.Whendidtheygotothechurch?A.Inthemorning.B.Afterlunch.C.Intheevening.16.WhydidthemanfailtobuythebookaboutDurham?A.Becauseitwastooexpensive.B.Becauseitwasn’tinteresting.C.Becausehedidn’thaveenoughtime.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwilltheorganizationfocusoninTexasforthefirstfewdays?A.Searchingforthepeopleinthemostneed.B.Collectingthereactionfromthepeopleinneed.C.Feedingfirstrespondersandsearchandrescueteams.18.Whatcanwesayabouttheorganization?A.Itishelpful.B.Ithaslimitedresources.C.Itfacesfewchallenges.19.WhatdidHaysthinkoftheirwork?A.Demanding.B.Satisfying.C.Boring.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.ThedamageofHurricaneBeryl.B.TheestablishmentofOperationBBQRelief.C.ThereliefworkofOperationBBQReliefinTexas.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHere’salookattheprettiestsmalltownsinScotlandyoucanbaseyourselfin.AnstrutherAtriptothispicturesquefishingvillagewouldnotbecompletewithoutvisitingtheAnstrutherFishBar—andyes,that’safishandchipshop.It’swonbagsofawardsforitstastyfoodandhasservedthelikesofRobertDeNiro,TomHanks,andPrinceWilliam.Anotheraward-winningplaceintownistheScottishFisheriesMuseum,whereyoucanlearnabouttheScottishfishingindustryfromprehistorytopresentday.KelsoJustastone’sthrowfromtheEnglishborderandfullofhistoricalandarchitecturalinterest,Kelsocametolifewhentheconstructionofitsabbey(修道院)wasgivenpermissionin1138.Almostathousandyearslater,theruinsofKelsoAbbeyarestillingoodshape.FloorsCastle,whichwasbuiltin1721,ismorerecent.Theoutsideofthisbigcastleisamazing,buttheinsidehasbeautifultapestries(掛毯)onthewalls.TobermoryThecolourfulshopsandrestaurantsofTobermoryontheIsleofMullarefamousforbeingfeaturedonchildren’stelevisionshowBalamory,amongotherthings.Youcanseewhy:theylookincrediblypicturesqueagainstthegreentrees,glassyblackwaterandgreysky.LinlithgowTheancienttownofLinlithgow,withitshistoricHighStreet,featuresaveryfamouslandmark:LinlithgowPalace.PossiblyScotland’sfinestexampleoflatemedieval(中世紀的)architecture,it’sthebirthplaceofJamesVandMary,QueenofScotsandissurroundedbyascenicstretchofparklandknownlocallyas“thePeel”.TothesouthoftownisapartoftheGlasgow-EdinburghUnionCanal.1.WhatmakestheAnstrutherFishBarspecial?A.Ithasanabbey. B.Ithaswonmanyawards.CIt’sacastle-likeplace. D.Itfeaturesmedievalarchitecture.2.WhyaretheshopsandrestaurantsinTobermorywell-known?A.Theyhavecolourfuldecorations. B.Theyaresurroundedwithgreentrees.C.Theyappearedonachildren’sTVshow. D.Theyhaveservedalotofcelebrities.3.WhichofthefollowingwitnessedthebirthofJamesVandMary,QueenofScots?A.LinlithgowPalace. B.KelsoAbbey.C.TheIsleofMull. D.TheScottishFisheriesMuseum.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了蘇格蘭四座最美小鎮(zhèn)——Anstruther、Kelso、Tobermory和Linlithgow——的迷人之處?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)介紹Anstruther的句子“AtriptothispicturesquefishingvillagewouldnotbecompletewithoutvisitingtheAnstrutherFishBar——andyes,that’safishandchipshop.It’swonbagsofawardsforitstastyfoodandhasservedthelikesofRobertDeNiro,TomHanks,andPrinceWilliam.(到這個風景如畫的漁村旅行，如果不去AnstrutherFishBar，那就不完整了——是的，那是一家炸魚薯條店。它因其美味的食物贏得了無數(shù)獎項，并為羅伯特·德尼羅、湯姆·漢克斯和威廉王子等人提供服務(wù)。)”可知，AnstrutherFishBar因多次獲獎而特別。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)介紹Tobermory的句子“ThecolourfulshopsandrestaurantsofTobermoryontheIsleofMullarefamousforbeingfeaturedonchildren’stelevisionshowBalamory,amongotherthings.(馬爾島上的Tobermory的色彩繽紛的商店和餐館因兒童電視節(jié)目《Balamory》等而聞名。)”可知，Tobermory的商店和餐館因兒童電視節(jié)目《Balamory》而聞名。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)介紹Linlithgow的句子“TheancienttownofLinlithgow,withitshistoricHighStreet,featuresaveryfamouslandmark:LinlithgowPalace.PossiblyScotland’sfinestexampleoflatemedieval(中世紀的)architecture,it’sthebirthplaceofJamesVandMary,QueenofScotsandissurroundedbyascenicstretchofparklandknownlocallyas“thePeel”.(Linlithgow古鎮(zhèn)有著歷史悠久的商業(yè)街，這里有一個非常著名的地標：LinlithgowPalace。可能是蘇格蘭中世紀晚期建筑的最佳典范，是詹姆斯五世和蘇格蘭女王瑪麗的出生地，周圍是一片風景優(yōu)美的綠地，當?shù)厝朔Q之為“皮爾”。)”可知，LinlithgowPalace見證了詹姆斯五世和蘇格蘭女王瑪麗的出生。故選A項。BLikemanypeopleIknow,IdecidedaboutamonthagotogetanewiPhone.MyoldiPhone’sfancyfeatureswerenowweakandbarelyworking.Itsbatterywasajoke.IwentofftotheVerizonstore.Imadeanappointmentandwastolditwouldbequick.Butitwasn’tquickatall.Thesalesrepresentative’sexplanationofpricingandplanslastedlongerthanmanyofmylectures.Itwas10timesashardtofollow.Iplacedmyorderanyway.Threedayslater,whenIwentbacktotradeinmyold,slowphoneforthenewone,thedatatransfer(傳輸)thatwassupposedtotake60minutestookoverthreehours.ThenIspentdayssendingtextmessagesandemailstothesalesrepresentativetofixalltheproblems.Ah,theparadoxes(矛盾)ofprogress.Moreconveniencesalsobringmoreandmoreinconveniences.Youmustdownloadthis.Youmustuploadthat.Youmusttakeaphoto.Youmustchangethissettingandthenthatsetting,andhaveyouupdatedtheapp?Updatetheapp!Becausethenyou’llbeabletocustomizeyourexperienceevenfurther,providedyouhavethetimeandpatiencetoeducateyourselfontheinfinitecustomizations.Yes,I’mold,andyoungerpeoplearebetteratusingallthedifferentpartsofourwirelesstechnology.Oldpeopleandtechnologygotogetherlikepeanutbutterandsardines(沙丁魚)—theyjustdon’tmatchwell.Butit’salsotruethatpeoplefromallgenerations—babyboomers,GenX,millennials,andGenZ—allstrugglewithlotsofthingslikeinputs,outputs,passwords,QRcodes,andremindersthatdidn’texist25yearsago.Thosetechannoyancesaccompanyinnovationsthatundeniablystreamlinearangeofexperiences—callingaride,plottingaroute,buyingamovieorconcertticket,checkinginforaflight—toadegreethatIwouldn’tbefoolishenoughtowishaway.Buttheinnovationsseldomliveupfullytotheirpromisesofeaseandspeed,andtheyintroducecomplicationsandimperfectionsalltheirown.4.WhydidtheauthordecidetobuyanewiPhone?AHeneededanewphoneforwork.B.Hewasinfluencedbyfriendstoupgrade.C.HisoldiPhonehadfailingfeaturesandapoorbattery.D.HewasofferedaspecialdiscountattheVerizonstore.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sexperienceattheVerizonstore?A.Enjoyableanduser-friendly. B.Quickbutdisappointing.C.Confusingandtime-consuming. D.Necessarybutboring.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmoderntechnology?A.Itmakeslifesimplerbutalsomorecomplicated. B.Itismainlybeneficialtoyoungergenerations.C.Ithasremovedmanyinconveniences. D.Itistooexpensiveformostpeople.7.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.Heiscompletelysatisfiedwithtechnologicalinnovations.B.Hewishesthesetechnologicalinnovationswilldisappear.C.Hebelievestechnologicalinnovationsbringmoreproblemsthansolutions.D.Heacknowledgesthebenefitsoftechnologybutalsohighlightsitslimitations.【答案】4C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷論述了技術(shù)進步給生活帶來便利的同時，也讓生活更加復(fù)雜?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“MyoldiPhone’sfancyfeatureswerenowweakandbarelyworking.Itsbatterywasajoke.(我那部舊iPhone的精彩功能現(xiàn)在很弱，幾乎不能用了。它的電池是個笑話)”可知，作者的舊手機功能失效、電池糟糕，所以決定買一部新手機。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Imadeanappointmentandwastolditwouldbequick.Butitwasn’tquickatall.Thesalesrepresentative’sexplanationofpricingandplanslastedlongerthanmanyofmylectures.Itwas10timesashardtofollow.(我預(yù)約了，他們告訴我很快就能搞定。但它一點也不快。銷售代表對價格和計劃的解釋比我的許多講座都要長。要跟上它要困難十倍)”可知，作者在Verizon商店的經(jīng)歷過程冗長，且銷售員的解釋難懂。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段首句“Moreconveniencesalsobringmoreandmoreinconveniences.(更多的便利也帶來越來越多的不便)”明確作者的核心觀點，下文“Youmustdownloadthis.Youmustuploadthat.,Youmusttakeaphoto.Youmustchangethissettingandthenthatsetting,andhaveyouupdatedtheapp?Updatetheapp!Becausethenyou’llbeabletocustomizeyourexperienceevenfurther,providedyouhavethetimeandpatiencetoeducateyourselfontheinfinitecustomizations.(必須下載這個。你必須上傳。你必須拍張照片。你必須更改這個設(shè)置，然后更改那個設(shè)置，你更新應(yīng)用程序了嗎？更新應(yīng)用程序！因為這樣你就可以進一步定制你的體驗，只要你有時間和耐心來自學(xué)無限的定制)”列舉下載、設(shè)置、更新等繁瑣操作，強調(diào)需時間與耐心才能體驗技術(shù)的進步。由此推知，作者認為現(xiàn)代科技使生活更簡單，但也更復(fù)雜。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thosetechannoyancesaccompanyinnovationsthatundeniablystreamlinearangeofexperiences—callingaride,plottingaroute,buyingamovieorconcertticket,checkinginforaflight—toadegreethatIwouldn’tbefoolishenoughtowishaway.Buttheinnovationsseldomliveupfullytotheirpromisesofeaseandspeed,andtheyintroducecomplicationsandimperfectionsalltheirown.(這些技術(shù)上的煩惱伴隨著創(chuàng)新，這些創(chuàng)新無疑簡化了一系列體驗——叫車、規(guī)劃路線、購買電影或音樂會門票、辦理航班登機手續(xù)——達到了我不會愚蠢到希望消失的程度。但是，這些創(chuàng)新很少能完全實現(xiàn)它們承諾的簡單和快速，而且它們自己也帶來了復(fù)雜性和缺陷)”可推知，作者先是承認技術(shù)優(yōu)勢，如它簡化了一系列體驗，接著指出其局限性，即它們很少能完全實現(xiàn)它們承諾的簡單和快速，而且它們自己也帶來了復(fù)雜性和缺陷，故選D。C“Beingshoutedatbytheirparentsreshapeschildren’sbrainsandmakesthemmorelikelytohavementalill-healthandstruggletomaintainfriendships,”membersofParliament(議會)weretoldbyexperts.Verbal(言語的)abusebyadultscanleavechildrenunabletoenjoypleasureandseeingtheworldasthreatening,expertsinchilddevelopmentandmentalhealthtoldameetingatWestminster.“Aschildrenwebelievewhatwearetold,deeplyfoldingthewordsofadultsintoourunderstandingofourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Whenthosewordsaremean,disrespectful,ormakesomeonefeelbad,theycanaffectapersonfortheirwholelife,”saidProfEamonMcCrory,aclinicalpsychologist.Scans(掃描)ofchildren’sbrainshaveshownthat“sustainedexposuretoabuse,includingverbalabuse,leadstosignificantbiologicalalterationsinthebrain’sstructureandfunction”,McCrorysaid.Itcanchangeboththe“threats”and“rewards”circuitsinachild’sbrain,whichplayakeyroleinhelpingthemtounderstandanddealwiththeworldandalsoinbuildingandmaintainingrelationships.McCroryandotherleadingexpertswillwarnpeoplefromvariouspoliticalpartiesthatverbalabuseofchildrenbyparents,teachersandactivityleadersduringtheirearlyyearsiswidespreadand“themostcommonformofchildmaltreatment”.TheWorldHealthOrganisationviewsemotionalabuse,includingverbalabuse,asakeyformofmaltreatmentofandviolenceagainstchildren.Twoinfivechildren(41%)intheUKaresubjectedtoverbalabusesomeofthetimeorregularly,accordingtoaresearchstudyin2023.Themeetingwithparliamentarians,organisedbythecharityWordsMatter,ispartofaneffortto“bringverbalabuseoutoftheshadowsandgiveitthesameattentionasotherformsofmaltreatment”,saidProfPeterFonagy,theheadofthedivisionofpsychologyandlanguagesciencesatUCL.JessicaBondy,thefounderofWordsMatter,urgedministerstoact.“Ifthegovernmenttrulywantsthehealthiestgenerationinhistory,tacklingverbalabusemustbecomeacorepartofthenationalmentalhealthstrategy,”shesaid.8.Whateffectdoesverbalabusehaveonchildren?A.Itimprovestheirsocialskills. B.Itmakesthemmoreviolent.C.Itcausespotentialmentalhealthproblems. D.Ithelpsthemunderstandtheworldbetter.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alterations”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Repairs. B.Changes. C.Improvements. D.Discoveries.10.WhatisthemainpurposeofthemeetingorganisedbythecharityWordsMatter?A.Toraiseawarenessofverbalabuse. B.Toencouragetheuseofproperlanguage.C.Toaddressthedrawbacksofverbalabuse. D.Totackletheissueofmentalmaltreatment.11.Whatistheexperts’collectiveattitudetoverbalabuse?A.Ithasnolinktolong-termgrowth. B.Itisunavoidableinchilddevelopment.C.Itisaminorissuecomparedtoothermaltreatment. D.Itshouldbeprioritizedinmentalhealthproblems.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。本文主要論述了專家向議會指出，父母對孩子的言語虐待會重塑兒童大腦結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致心理健康問題并影響社交能力，呼吁將其納入國家心理健康戰(zhàn)略重點?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““Beingshoutedatbytheirparentsreshapeschildren’sbrainsandmakesthemmorelikelytohavementalill-healthandstruggletomaintainfriendships,”membersofParliament(議會)weretoldbyexperts.Verbal(言語的)abusebyadultscanleavechildrenunabletoenjoypleasureandseeingtheworldasthreatening,expertsinchilddevelopmentandmentalhealthtoldameetingatWestminster.(專家告訴議員：“被父母大喊大叫會重塑孩子的大腦，使他們更有可能患上精神疾病，難以維持友誼?！?。兒童發(fā)展和心理健康專家在威斯敏斯特的一次會議上表示，成年人的言語虐待會使兒童無法享受快樂，并將世界視為威脅。)”可知，言語虐待會造成孩子們潛在的心理健康問題。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itcanchangeboththe“threats”and“rewards”circuitsinachild’sbrain,whichplayakeyroleinhelpingthemtounderstandanddealwiththeworldandalsoinbuildingandmaintainingrelationships.(它可以改變孩子大腦中的“威脅”和“獎勵”回路，這在幫助他們理解和應(yīng)對世界以及建立和維護關(guān)系方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。)”可知，持續(xù)遭受虐待，包括言語虐待會改變孩子的大腦，故可推測alterations的意思為“改變”。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Themeetingwithparliamentarians,organisedbythecharityWordsMatter,ispartofaneffortto“bringverbalabuseoutoftheshadowsandgiveitthesameattentionasotherformsofmaltreatment”,saidProfPeterFonagy,theheadofthedivisionofpsychologyandlanguagesciencesatUCL.(倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院心理學(xué)和語言科學(xué)系主任彼得·福納吉教授表示，由慈善機構(gòu)WordsMatter組織的與議員的會議是“將言語虐待從陰影中帶出來，并給予其與其他形式的虐待同等關(guān)注”努力的一部分。)”可知，由慈善機構(gòu)WordsMatter組織的會議的主要目的是讓人們關(guān)注言語虐待，也就是說提高對言語虐待的認識。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“McCroryandotherleadingexpertswillwarnpeoplefromvariouspoliticalpartiesthatverbalabuseofchildrenbyparents,teachersandactivityleadersduringtheirearlyyearsiswidespreadand“themostcommonformofchildmaltreatment”.(麥克羅里和其他主要專家將警告各政黨的人們，父母、教師和活動負責人在兒童早期對其進行言語虐待是普遍存在的，是“最常見的虐待兒童形式”。)”及最后一段“ JessicaBondy,thefounderofWordsMatter,urgedministerstoact.“Ifthegovernmenttrulywantsthehealthiestgenerationinhistory,tacklingverbalabusemustbecomeacorepartofthenationalmentalhealthstrategy,”shesaid.(WordsMatter的創(chuàng)始人杰西卡·邦迪敦促部長們采取行動。她說：“如果政府真的想要歷史上最健康的一代人，那么解決言語虐待問題必須成為國家心理健康戰(zhàn)略的核心部分?！?。)”再結(jié)合全文可知，專家們認為言語虐待普遍存在，危害孩子們的心理健康，要重視其存在，由此可推測，專家們對言語虐待的集體態(tài)度是其應(yīng)在心理健康問題中被優(yōu)先考慮。故選D。DArecentstudyonmountaingorillas(大猩猩)offersvaluableinsightsintohowsocialbondsimpacthealthandsurvival.Researchersfoundthatthestrengthofsocialconnectionsintheseanimalsaffectstheirwell-being,buttheresultsvarybasedongroupsize,sex,andotherfactors.Thestudy,conductedbytheDianFosseyGorillaFundanduniversitiesintheUKandSwitzerland,exploredhowthesociallivesof164wildgorillasinfluencetheirhealthandfitnessovertime.Thisresearchcontributestounderstandinghowthesocialenvironmentcanshapeananimal’sdevelopment,behaviour,andsurvival.Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,usedlong-termdatafrommountaingorillaslivinginVolcanoesNationalPark,Rwanda.Researchersexaminedindividualsocialbondsandthedynamicswithinthelargersocialgroups.Theyfoundthat,forfemales,strongandstablesocialbondsgenerallyledtobetterhealthoutcomes,withfewerillnesses.However,theoppositewastrueinmales—strongbondswereassociatedwithahigherriskofillness.Surprisingly,thehealthbenefitsofsocialbondsalsodependedongroupsize;Insmallgroups,strongfemalebondsledtofewerillnessesandlowerbirthrates,whileinlargergroups,theoppositeoccurred.Theteamalsodiscoveredthattheseeffectscouldnotbeexplainedmerelybytheindividualgorillas’socialbehaviour.Thebroadersocialgroup,includingitssizeandstability,playedasignificantroleindeterminingthehealthoutcomes.Forexample,insmallgroups,femaleswithstrongbondshadfewerhealthissuesbutproducedfeweroffspring(后代),whereasinlargergroups,theoppositewastrue.Thiscomplexityhighlightshowtheenvironmentandsocialstructureinfluenceindividualandgrouphealth.Researchersbelievethatunderstandingthesedynamicsiscrucialforstudyinggorillasandbroaderevolutionary(進化的)biology.Socialbehaviourinhumansandotheranimalsisstronglylinkedtohealthandlifelength,andthefindingsfromthisstudymayprovideinsightsintohowsocialstructuresinfluencewell-beingacrossspecies.12.Howdoresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byobservinggorillasinzoos. B.Byanalyzinglong-termdata.C.Byconductingexperimentsinlabs. D.Byinterviewinggorillaexperts.13.Whatistheimpactofstrongsocialbondsonfemalegorillasinsmallgroups?A.Lesssickness. B.Higherbirthrates.C.Moresocialconflicts. D.Shortenedlifeexpectancy.14.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GorillasandTheirSocialBehaviourB.WhyGorillaGroupSizeMatters?C.TheHealthBenefitsofSocialBondsD.HowSocialBondsAffectGorillas’HealthandSurvival?15.Whereisthetextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Afictionnovel. B.Asciencemagazine. C.Atravelbrochure. D.Awildlifeguidebook.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項關(guān)于山地大猩猩的最新研究，揭示社交紐帶如何通過群體大小、性別等因素影響其健康與生存?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段句子“Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,usedlong-termdatafrommountaingorillaslivinginVolcanoesNationalPark,Rwanda.(這項發(fā)表在《英國皇家學(xué)會學(xué)報B》上的研究使用了生活在盧旺達火山國家公園的山地大猩猩的長期數(shù)據(jù))”可知，研究者通過分析長期野外數(shù)據(jù)開展研究。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段句子“Insmallgroups,strongfemalebondsledtofewerillnessesandlowerbirthrates,whileinlargergroups,theoppositeoccurred.(在小群體中，強大的雌性紐帶導(dǎo)致更少的疾病和更低的出生率，而在大群體中，情況正好相反)”可知，在小群體里穩(wěn)固的社交紐帶使雌性大猩猩患病率更低。故選A項?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。通過全文內(nèi)容，特別是文章第一句“Arecentstudyonmountaingorillasoffersvaluableinsightsintohowsocialbondsimpacthealthandsurvival.(最近一項關(guān)于山地大猩猩的研究為社會關(guān)系如何影響健康和生存提供了有價值的見解)”可知，文章通篇闡述社交紐帶如何通過群體大小、性別等因素影響大猩猩的健康與生存，因此最佳標題應(yīng)概括這一核心內(nèi)容。所以D項“HowSocialBondsAffectGorillas’HealthandSurvival?(社會關(guān)系如何影響大猩猩的健康和生存？)”作為本文的標題，與文章主題相符合。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。本文涉及科學(xué)研究過程(如數(shù)據(jù)來源、期刊發(fā)表)、專業(yè)術(shù)語“evolutionarybiology(進化生物學(xué))”及學(xué)術(shù)價值“crucialforstudyingbroaderevolutionarybiology(對于研究更廣泛的進化生物學(xué)至關(guān)重要)”，根據(jù)這些可推斷文章最可能摘自科普類科學(xué)雜志。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。When19-year-oldClarisseLeGuernicarrivedinShanghaifromFrancein2015,shewasshyandonlyhadthecouragetoorderasimpleplateofeggfriedriceatalocalrestaurant.____16____.Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyovercomefearandbuildconfidenceinanewlanguageandculture.____17____.Today,at29,LeGuernicisthefounderofArcadeExperiences,aShanghai-basedcompanythatoffersimmersive“citywalk”tours—guidedwalksthroughthecity’slesser-knownhistoriesandoverlookedcorners.Hertoursattractbothlocalandinternationalparticipants.AbouthalfofherclientsareChinesethankstoherfluencyinMandarin—askillshebegandevelopinginmiddleschool.“IchoseChineseasmysecondforeignlanguage.____18____,”shesaid.“Notmanystudentschoseit,soitfeltlikeacoolsecretlanguage.”AshortstudytriptoChinaduringhighschoolleftadeepimpressiononher.Shelaterreturnedin2015asanexchangestudentatFudanUniversityinShanghaiandmadethecityherpermanenthomein2019.In2020,whentheCOVID-19pandemicceasedinternationaltravel,LeGuerniccameupwithanewidea:designedcitywalksforpeoplelivinginShanghai.“____19____,”sheexplained.“Ifocusedonlesser-knownspotsoruntoldstorieshiddeninpopularareas.”O(jiān)verthepastfiveyears,LeGuernichasdevelopedmorethan30originalwalkingroutesthroughextensiveresearch.LeGuernicbelievesShanghaistillhasmanyuntoldstories.“WhenIfirstarrived,everythingwasunfamiliar.Afterafewyears,IthoughtIunderstoodthecity,”shesaid.“ButonceIstartedresearchingforthetours,Irealizedhowmuchmorethereistouncover.____20____.”A.ThepossibilitiesfordiscoveryareendlessB.ThatexperienceledtoalargertransformationC.Shebelievestheyarekeytounderstandingthecity’stransformationD.Shealwayschecksforsafepathways,nearbyrestrooms,andreststopsE.Itfeltmagical-completelydifferentfromotherlanguagesI’dstudiedF.Sincethesevisitorsarealreadyfamiliarwiththecity,IwantedtocreatesomethingdifferentG.Toavoidspeakingmorethannecessary,shestucktothesamedisheveryday-foranentiremonth【答案】16G17.B18.E19.F20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，短文講述了法國女孩克拉麗絲?勒熱尼克從2015年初到上海時的害羞狀態(tài)，逐步成長為專注小眾城市漫步體驗的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的故事?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“shewasshyandonlyhadthecouragetoorderasimpleplateofeggfriedriceatalocalrestaurant.(她很害羞，在當?shù)夭宛^里只敢點一份簡單的蛋炒飯)”，以及后文“Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyovercomefear(盡管是小事，但這個習慣幫她慢慢克服了恐懼)”可知，此空需補充“這個習慣”的具體內(nèi)容——為避免多說話而長期點同一道菜。G選項“Toavoidspeakingmorethannecessary,shestucktothesamedisheveryday-foranentiremonth.(為了避免說多余的話，她整整一個月每天都點同一道菜)”中，“avoidspeakingmorethannecessary”呼應(yīng)前文“shy”，“stucktothesamedish”明確“thisroutine”的所指，銜接“害羞點蛋炒飯”與“習慣幫她克服恐懼”的邏輯，符合語境。故選G項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyovercomefear(盡管是小事，但這個習慣幫她慢慢克服了恐懼)”，以及后文“ Today,at29,LeGuernicisthefounderofArcadeExperiences,aShanghai-basedcompanythatoffersimmersive“citywalk”tours—guidedwalksthroughthecity’slesser-knownhistoriesandoverlookedcorners.

(如今，29歲的勒蓋爾尼克是ArcadeExperiences的創(chuàng)始人，這是一家總部位于上海的公司，提供沉浸式的“城市漫步”導(dǎo)覽服務(wù)——帶領(lǐng)人們深入探索這座城市鮮為人知的歷史和被忽視的角落。)”可知，此空需承接“小習慣帶來的小改變”，引出“成為公司創(chuàng)始人”的大轉(zhuǎn)變，體現(xiàn)變化的遞進。B選項“Thatexperienceledtoalargertransformation.(那次經(jīng)歷帶來了更大的轉(zhuǎn)變)”中，“Thatexperience”指代前文“每天點蛋炒飯、克服恐懼”的經(jīng)歷，“l(fā)argertransformation”直接銜接后文“成為創(chuàng)始人”的人生轉(zhuǎn)變，符合“小改變到大蛻變”的敘事邏輯。故選B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“IchoseChineseasmysecondforeignlanguage.(我選擇中文作為第二外語)”，以及后文“Notmanystudentschoseit,soitfeltlikeacoolsecretlanguage.(沒多少學(xué)生選，所以它感覺像一門很酷的秘密語言)”可知，此空需說明“選擇中文”的原因——中文給她的特別感受。E選項“Itfeltmagical-completelydifferentfromotherlanguagesI’dstudied.(它感覺很奇妙——和我學(xué)過的其他語言完全不同)”中，“It”指代“Chinese”，“magical”“completelydifferent”解釋了“選擇中文”的核心原因，與后文“coolsecretlanguage”呼應(yīng)，體現(xiàn)中文在她心中的獨特性，符合語境。故選E項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“In2020,whentheCOVID-19pandemicceasedinternationaltravel,LeGuerniccameupwithanewidea:designedcitywalksforpeoplelivinginShanghai.(2020年，當新冠疫情中斷了國際旅行時，勒蓋爾尼克萌生了一個新想法：為居住在上海的人們設(shè)計城市漫步路線。)”，以及后文“Ifocusedonlesser-knownspotsoruntoldstorieshiddeninpopularareas.(我專注于不太知名的地點或熱門區(qū)域里不為人知的故事)”可知，此空需解釋“為何聚焦小眾內(nèi)容”——因為受眾是熟悉上海的本地人，需要與眾不同的體驗。F選項“Sincethesevisitorsarealreadyfamiliarwiththecity,Iwantedtocreatesomethingdifferent.(由于這些參與者已經(jīng)熟悉這座城市，我想創(chuàng)造一些不一樣的東西)”中，“thesevisitors”指代前文“peoplelivinginShanghai”，“alreadyfamiliarwiththecity”解釋了“聚焦小眾內(nèi)容”的原因，“createsomethingdifferent”呼應(yīng)后文“l(fā)esser-knownspotsoruntoldstories”，符合語境。故選F項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“ButonceIstartedresearchingforthetours,Irealizedhowmuchmorethereistouncover.(但一旦開始為漫步活動做研究，我就意識到還有太多東西有待發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，此空需承接“有太多待發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容”，強調(diào)“探索的無限可能”。A選項“Thepossibilitiesfordiscoveryareendless.(探索的可能性是無限的)”中，“discovery”呼應(yīng)前文“uncover”，“endless”進一步強化“還有太多東西可挖掘”的含義，作為結(jié)尾句升華“上海有諸多未被講述的故事”的核心，符合語境。故選A項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。InVictoria,33-year-oldBriannaHurstriskedherownsafetytosavethelivesofthreedrowningstrangers.Theevent____21____nearApolloBayonSundayafternoon.Asthesunnyafternoontookadarkturn,BriannaHurstfoundherself____22____turnedintotheroleofahero.Sittingaloneonthebeach,sheheardthepanicked____23____ofaswimmerwhohadmanagedtoreachtheshore.Withouthesitation,Hurst____24____towardsthewateranddivedin,swimmingtowardsthethreestrugglingmen.“Iwenttotheonethatwas____25____tome,”sherecounted.“Ihadtoswimoutabout20mtogethim.”Notfrightenedbythe____26____,Hurstpulledeachunconscious(昏迷的)mantosafetyonebyone.Witheachrescue,____27____anything,sheriskedherownsafetytobringthetrappedswimmersbacktoshore.“Atfirsttherewerenotmanyotherpeopleonthebeach,butbythetimeIwas____28____thethirdpersonout,theysawwhatwashappeningandcametohelp,”Hurstrecalled.____29____withotherconcernedbeachgoers,HurstperformedCPR(心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù))until____30____workersarrivedonthescene.Unfortunately,despitetheirbestefforts,oneofthemencouldnot____31____anddiedofthesuffering.However,thequickactionsofBriannaHurstundoubtedlysavedthe____32____oftheothertwomen,aged23and24,whoarecurrently____33____inhospital.ActingSeniorSergeantStephenBull____34____Hurst’scourageousefforts,acknowledgingtheundeniableimpactofherselfless____35____.21.A.fell B.lay C.unfolded D.located22.A.unaffectedly B.unexpectedly C.unconditionally D.undoubtedly23.A.laughter B.whisper C.cheers D.cries24.A.turned B.came C.pointed D.rushed