高中閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練附答案解析1．篇SanFranciscoFireEngineToursSanFranciscoWineryTourRunning:February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketsprice)DepartingfromtheCannery:Tourtimesuponrequest.Duration(時(shí)長(zhǎng)):2hoursPrice:$90BacktotheFiftiesTourRunning:August16ththroughAugust31stThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco’smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:30pmDuration:2hoursPrice:$90SpookyHalloweenTourRunning:October10ththroughOctober31stJoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(服裝)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pmDuration:1hourand30minutesPrice:AvailableuponrequestHolidayLightsTourRunning:December6ththroughDecember23rdThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pmDuration:1hourand30minutesAdvancereservationsrequired.1．WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?A．SanFranciscoWineryTour.B．BacktotheFiftiesTour.C．SpookyHallowenTour.D．HolidayLightsTour.2．WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTours?A．GotoTreasureIsland.B．Enjoytheholidayscenes.C．Havefreeicecream.D．VisitthePresidiodistrict.3．WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?A．Takesomedrinks.B．Setoffearlyinthemorning.C．Wearwarmclothes.D．Makereservationsinadvance.4．Wherecanyoufindthispassageinanewspaper？A．Travel B．Fashion C．Society D．Economy【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．A【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)舊金山的四個(gè)旅游活動(dòng)和路線。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告中的“Running:February1stthroughApril30th(舉辦時(shí)間：2月1日至4月30日)”可知，這個(gè)旅游活動(dòng)從二月份持續(xù)到四月份，所以三月份可以參加這個(gè)活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的“EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.(享受有趣的歷史，我們帶你通過舊金山免費(fèi)品嘗冰淇淋。)”可知，在BacktotheFiftiesTours活動(dòng)中人們可以享受到免費(fèi)的冰淇淋。故選C項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)活動(dòng)中的“Advancereservationsrequired.(需要提前預(yù)約。)”可知，參加HolidayLightsTour需要人們提前預(yù)約。故選D項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。由標(biāo)題SanFranciscoFireEngineTours結(jié)合文章對(duì)四個(gè)旅行的介紹，可知文章講述的是關(guān)于舊金山的旅游，所以在旅行專欄可以尋找到這篇文章。故選A項(xiàng)。2篇Learninganewlanguageisalonganddifficultprocess.Thisprocesscanbecomeeasierifyousetgoals.Goalshelpguidelanguagelearnersandgivethemreasonstocontinuestudyingalanguage.However,ifyourgoalsaretoodifficult,thenyouwillprobablybecomeupset.ManyEnglishlearnerssetdifficultandevenunreasonablegoals,suchassoundinglikeanativespeaker,orlosingtheiraccents.Theproblemwiththegoalofsoundinglikeanativespeakeristhatitisnotareasonablegoalformanypeople.WhenEnglishlearnersbeginstudyingEnglishafteracertainage,theyarenotabletosoundexactlylikeanativeEnglishspeaker.ThatistheopinionofEliHinkel,aprofessoratSeattlePacificUniversity.Shesaysthatpeoplewhohavenotreachedpubertystillhaveenoughmuscleandbrainplasticity(可塑性)toallowtheirbraintocontroltheirmouthmuscles.Pubertyistheperiodoflifewhenachildbecomesanadult.Afteryourphysicalgrowthhasstopped,thebrainlosessomeofitsabilitytochangethewayitcontrolsthemusclesofthemouth.Thisiswhatresultsinanaccent,accordingtoHinkel.Inotherwords,havinganaccentisanaturalpartoftheagingprocessofthebrain.Thatyoumightnotsoundlikeanativespeakerdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldgiveuptryingtoimproveyourpronunciation.Andthatyouhaveanaccentdoesnotmeanthatyourlanguageskillsarepoor.HinkelsuggeststhatEnglishlearnersshouldnotbetooupsetabouttheiraccents.Anotherteachersayssoundinglikeanativespeakerisnotnecessary.MarlaYoshidaisateachingEnglishasaforeignlanguageteacherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Shesaysthatimprovingyourpronunciationissurelypossible—ifyouchooseareasonablegoal.MarlaYoshidasaysthatwhenyoudecidetodiet,youaremorelikelytohavesuccessifyousetreasonablegoals.Shesuggestsworkingonspecificareasofpronunciationthatyoucanimprove,insteadoftryingtosoundlikeanativespeaker.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“unreasonablegoals”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Goalsthataremeaningless.B．Goalsthatareverysmall.C．Goalsthatarebasedonfacts.D．Goalsthatareimpossibletoreach.2．AccordingtoParagraph3,whyareEnglishlearnersunabletosoundlikeanativespeaker?A．Theyhavenonativespeakerstotalkto.B．Theydon’thaveenoughtimetopractice.C．Theirbraincan’tcontroltheirmouthmuscles.D．Theirmothertonguepreventsthemfromdoingso.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldEliHinkelprobablyagreewith?A．Havinganaccentisacceptable.B．Improvingpronunciationisn’tthatimportant.C．Soundinglikeanativespeakerisimpossible.D．Poorpronunciationmeanspoorlanguageskills.【答案】1．D2．C3．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明語言學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該為自己設(shè)置合理的目標(biāo)，不要設(shè)置不切實(shí)際的目標(biāo)。1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“ManyEnglishlearnerssetdifficultandevenunreasonablegoals,suchassoundinglikeanativespeaker,orlosingtheiraccents.(許多英語學(xué)習(xí)者設(shè)定了困難甚至不合理的目標(biāo)，比如聽起來像母語人士，或者去掉口音)”可知，unreasonablegoals(不合理的目標(biāo))指的是那些難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Afteryourphysicalgrowthhasstopped,thebrainlosessomeofitsabilitytochangethewayitcontrolsthemusclesofthemouth.(當(dāng)你的身體發(fā)育停止后，大腦就失去了一些改變控制口腔肌肉方式的能力)”可知，英語學(xué)習(xí)者無法像母語人士一樣發(fā)音，因?yàn)樗麄兊拇竽X已經(jīng)控制不了口腔里的肌肉了。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inotherwords,havinganaccentisanaturalpartoftheagingprocessofthebrain.(換句話說，有口音是大腦發(fā)育過程中的一個(gè)自然組成部分)”及第四段中的“HinkelsuggeststhatEnglishlearnersshouldnotbetooupsetabouttheiraccents.(Hinkel建議英語學(xué)習(xí)者不要太在意他們的口音)”可推知，Hinkel認(rèn)為有口音是可以接受的。故選A。3篇FirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(滅火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手動(dòng)的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡亂擺弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing:·TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.·Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動(dòng)），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.·Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.1．Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A．Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B．Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C．Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D．Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.2．Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A．Pipesandsmokedetectors.B．Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C．Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D．Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations3．Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould________.A．rushquicklytoaliftB．gatheratthenearestexit.C．shutthedoorandleaveatonceD．waitforinstructionsinthehall4．Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A．Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B．Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C．Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D．Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.5．Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_________.A．contactthehallstaffregularlyB．coverthethingsthatburneasilyC．startthesmokedetectorinafireD．makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．A5．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從火警、消防訓(xùn)練、滅火器和煙霧探測(cè)器的使用等方面介紹了一些防火信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(滅火器).可知，專職消防人員主要職責(zé)是檢查、測(cè)試和維護(hù)所有的校園建筑物防火裝備。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireAlarms中的句子Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知，火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)由熱探測(cè)器、煙霧探測(cè)器和噴頭組成。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireDrills中的句子TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.和Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.可知，在消防演習(xí)中，學(xué)生鎖好門并立即從最近的緊急出口離開。故選C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireExtinguishers中的句子Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.可知，誤用滅火器會(huì)導(dǎo)致罰款。故選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SmokeDetector中的句子Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動(dòng)），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知，煙霧探測(cè)器是否安全運(yùn)行，看紅燈是否閃動(dòng)。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：文章內(nèi)容較為簡(jiǎn)單，集中考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對(duì)此類題型，考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別。如小題3中C選擇項(xiàng)中l(wèi)eaveatonce與文中的Exitimmediately表達(dá)的同一個(gè)意思；小題4中考生要理解文中fines（罰款）是A選擇項(xiàng)中punishment（懲罰）的一種，這些都考生需要比較它們之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。4篇TheWorldWildlifeFundforNature-WWF-reportsthatnearly3billionanimalswerekilledordisplacedbyAustralia’swildfiresin2019and2020.Thenumber,reportedinlateJuly,wasaboutthreetimeshigherthananearlierWWFestimate.“Itranksasoneoftheworstwildlifedisastersinmodernhistory,”saidWWF-AustraliaChiefExecutiveofficerDermotO’Gorman.TheWWFsaidituseddifferentmethodstoestimatewildlifepopulations,includinginformationfromover100,000studies.Thescientistscreatedmodelstoestimatethenumberofcreaturesfoundinareasdestroyedbyfire.ProjectleaderLilyVanEedenfromtheUniversityofSydneysaidtheresearchwasthefirstcontinent-wideexaminationofanimalsaffectedbywildfires.“Othernationscanbuilduponthisresearchtoimproveunderstandingofbushfireimpactseverywhere,”shesaid.Thosecreaturesthatfleddestroyedhabitatsfacedalackoffoodandshelterorthelikelihoodofmovingintoalreadyoccupiedhabitats.Researcherssaidthedestructionwillcausesomespeciestobecomeextinctbeforetheirexistenceisevenrecorded.“Wedon’tevenknowwhatwearelosing,”saidChrisDickman,aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofSydney.“Thesewerespeciesthatwerehereandnowtheyhavegone...It’salmosttootragictothinkabout,”Dickmanadded.TheWWFreportcallsforimprovementsinhabitatconnectivitytohelpspeciesescapefromfires.Italsocallsforidentifyingandprotectinghabitatthatwasnotburnedtohelpsavethreatenedspecies.Anexpandedreportonthestudyisexpectedlaterthisyear.ThewildfiresstartedinSeptember2019andcontinuedthroughMarchofthisyear.ScientistssaythefireswerefueledbyhigherthannormaltemperaturesandyearsofdroughtintheAustralianbush.Thefirescaused34humandeathsanddestroyednearly3,000homes.TheWWFsaidthatoverthepastyear,ithadraisedmoneyfromdonorstoallocateemergencyaidtothefrontlinesofthefirestohelpinjuredanddisplacedwildlife.1．WhatdoweknowaboutAustralia’swildfiresin2019and2020?A．Theyweretheworstdisastersinhistory.B．Over3billionanimalsdiedinthewildfires.C．Theycausedmoredamagethancalculatedearlier.D．Mostanimalsmovedtoalreadyoccupiedhabitats.2．HowdidChrisDickmanfeelabouttheextinctionofsomespecies?A．Astonished. B．Pained. C．Annoyed. D．Puzzled.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thewildfireslastawholeyear.B．Thewildfireswerecausedbytheheat.C．Thewildfiresalsocausedamagestohumans.D．Thewildfiresweresoonundercontrolwithdonations.4．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A．Humansshouldn’toccupywildlifehabitat.B．Humansshouldn’toverestimatethebushfire.C．Weshouldraisemoneyforwildlifeprotection.D．Weshoulddevelopthemethodstopreventwildfires.【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．A【分析】本篇是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要描述了澳大利亞山火對(duì)動(dòng)物和人類造成的影響。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenumber,reportedinlateJuly,wasaboutthreetimeshigherthananearlierWWFestimate.”七月底報(bào)告的數(shù)字比世界自然基金會(huì)早先估計(jì)的數(shù)字高出三倍。可推斷澳大利亞的山火造成的傷害比原先計(jì)算的要多很多。故選C項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesewerespeciesthatwerehereandnowtheyhavegone...It’salmosttootragictothinkabout,”這些物種曾經(jīng)在這里，現(xiàn)在它們已經(jīng)消失了……這實(shí)在是太悲劇了。可推斷ChrisDickman對(duì)于物種的滅絕感到痛心。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefirescaused34humandeathsanddestroyednearly3,000homes.”大火造成34人死亡，近3000座房屋被毀?？芍交鹨矊?duì)人類造成了傷害。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段“Italsocallsforidentifyingandprotectinghabitatthatwasnotburnedtohelpsavethreatenedspecies.”它還呼吁識(shí)別和保護(hù)未被燒毀的棲息地，以幫助拯救瀕危物種。所以這里倡導(dǎo)人類不要占據(jù)野生動(dòng)物的棲息地。故選A項(xiàng)。5篇Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan’tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenotnecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneinbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterfering(干涉)withpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof.Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenance(機(jī)械維修，保養(yǎng))asitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresultswillbe.Andatwhatpointshouldyoustoptotreattheoldbody?Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbyseekingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?Youcan'taskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematry,ontheprinciplethatwhilethere’slife,there’shope.Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Thevaluesaredifferentbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B．Themoralproblemsraisedbyoldpeople.C．Thepersonalfreedomfortheold.D．Oldpeople’sviewpointonlife.2．Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A．veryoldpeoplewouldliketolivealonetohavemorepersonalfreedomB．veryoldpeopleareabletokeeptheirroomcleanC．veryoldpeopleliketolivewiththeirchildrenD．socialserviceshavenothingtodowithveryoldpeople3．Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisright?A．Theolderaperson,themorecareheneeds.B．Toomuchemphasishasbeenputonoldpeople’svalues.C．Thehumanbodycan’tbecomparedtoacar.D．Itiseasytoprovidesparepartsforoldpeople.4．Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto“________”．A．theirmoneyortheirhealthB．theconclusionyoucometoC．yourtalktotheoldpeopleD．whetherageishappyorunpleasant【答案】1．B2．A3．A4．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述的是很多老人都希望自己不要過多受別人的管束，要給他們一定的自由，以及對(duì)一些社會(huì)工作者的一些觀點(diǎn)。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.（老年人確實(shí)會(huì)給幾乎所有與他們接觸的人帶來道德問題）及全文內(nèi)容主要圍繞老年人引起的道德問題。故選B。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中Butisitinterferingwithpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.（但是，堅(jiān)持讓他們和親戚住在一起，以便得到更好的照顧，這是否妨礙了個(gè)人自由?一些社會(huì)工作者，那些清理蠕蟲的人，認(rèn)為我們正處于把個(gè)人自由的概念帶到一個(gè)嚴(yán)重威脅老年人健康和安全的地步的危險(xiǎn)之中。）可知，許多老年人喜歡獨(dú)自生活以獲得更多的個(gè)人自由。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第2句Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenanceasitgetsolder.（身體就像一輛汽車，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，它需要更多的機(jī)械保養(yǎng)。）可推知，一個(gè)人越老，他需要的關(guān)心就越多。故選A。4．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.（然而，當(dāng)你與老年人交談時(shí)，你不得不得出這樣的結(jié)論:老去是快樂還是不快樂，與其說取決于金錢或健康，不如說是取決于你的娛樂能力。）可知，老去是快樂還是不快樂是取決于你的娛樂能力。故it指代上文whetherageishappyorunpleasant。故選D。6篇Onmyfirstdayofhighschool，Iaskedaneleventhgraderwheremyclasswas.Andhetoldmeitwas“onthefourthfloor，nexttothepool.”Ifoundoutfiveminuteslaterthatwedon'tevenhaveafourthfloorandthere'snopooleither!Besidesthat，Ididn'thaveanytroublewiththeolderkid.Ithinkthebiggestdifferencebetweenmiddleandhighschoolisthehomeworkload(工作量)andsizeoftheschool.Iwentfrommaybefifteenminutesofhomeworkanighttoseveralhours，soIhadtolearnhowtomakefulluseoftime!Ourclasssizeisaround550，butjoininginclubs，sports，music，andotheractivitiesatschoolmakesiteasiertogettoknowpeopleineverygrade.ThebestadviceIcangiveabouttheyearsyouspendinhighschoolistolearnthingsforyourself，notjusttogetagoodgrade.TherehavebeensomanyteststhatI'vepreparedforthenightbefore，gottenanA，andnotrememberedanythinglater.I'vechangedthatthisyear，andIenjoyschoolsomuchmore.Don'ttakeeasyclassesjusttohaveasimpleyear.Ifyouhaveachoicebetweenchemistryandsports，thefirstwillprovetobealotmoreuseful!Whiledrinkingandsmokingmightbepresentinsomemiddleschools，they'realsoaroundinhighschool.Ihavealotoffriendswhopromisedthey'dneverdrinkorsmoke，butarenowpartyingeveryweekend.Ifyouhave“fun”andspendyournightswastedinsteadofstudying，youwillregretitwhenyou'reapplyingfor(申請(qǐng))college.The“friends”whosayyou'realoserfornotpartyingarereallynotyourfriendsatall.It'shardtoseeyourclosestfriendsgrowapartandgoindifferentdirections，butdon'tfollowtheirfootsteps.Createyourownpathinlifeandmakeyourowndecisions.1．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhighschool?A．Thereareveryfewactivities.B．It'shardtomeetnewpeoplethere.C．Itrequireshardwork.D．Thereisn'tenoughtimeforhomework.2．Theauthoradviseshighschoolstudentsto________．A．getreadyforteststhenightbeforeB．giveupsportsC．chooseusefulclassesD．trytheirbesttogetgoodgrades3．Thetextisprobablywrittenby________．A．a(chǎn)highschoolstudent B．a(chǎn)chemistryteacherC．a(chǎn)collegestudent D．a(chǎn)sportsplayer4．Thelastparagraphmainlytellsus________．A．a(chǎn)boutthetroublecausedbydrinkingandsmokingB．nottogotoanypartyinhighschoolC．nottoloseourselvesinhighschoolD．a(chǎn)bouttheimportanceofmakingfriends【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一些對(duì)高中生的建議。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ithinkthebiggestdifferencebetweenmiddleandhighschoolisthehomeworkload(工作量)andsizeoftheschool.”可知高中的功課量很大，所以他要求我們更加努力。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文意“Don'ttakeeasyclassesjusttohaveasimpleyear.Ifyouhaveachoicebetweenchemistryandsports,thefirstwillprovetobealotmoreuseful”可知建議高中生要選擇有用的課程,故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)首句“Onmyfirstdayofhighschool，Iaskedaneleventhgraderwheremyclasswas.Andhetoldmeitwas“onthefourthfloor，nexttothepool.””他問別人自己的教室在哪里可以判斷作者是一名高中生。故選A。4．主旨大意題。文章最后一段句首“Whiledrinkingandsmokingmightbepresentinsomemiddleschools”和“Ifyouhave“fun”andspendyournightswastedinsteadofstudying,youwillregretitwhenyou’reapplyingfor(申請(qǐng))college.”可知，如果你享樂并且浪費(fèi)夜晚時(shí)間而不是學(xué)習(xí)，當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)大學(xué)的時(shí)候，你會(huì)后悔的。所以本段主要講述了吸煙喝酒所帶來的麻煩。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案:即對(duì)原文某句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude.indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語。這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測(cè)想象推斷題。比如，第3小題推理判斷題。根據(jù)首句“Onmyfirstdayofhighschool，Iaskedaneleventhgraderwheremyclasswas.Andhetoldmeitwas“onthefourthfloor，nexttothepool.””他問別人自己的教室在哪里可以判斷作者是一名高中生。故選A。7篇Inchoosingafriend,oneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfair-weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter，especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability(可靠)．Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherperson’splace,andhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener.Atthesametime,however,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,afriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme.Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.Ifhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime,Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavor，hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliable,honest,andunderstanding，IknowI’vefoundafriend!1．Whichofthefollowingqualitiesthewriterthinksisthemostimportantinchoosingafriend?A．Understanding. B．Honesty. C．Reliability. D．Asenseofhumor.2．Ifyouhavefair-weatherfriends,________.A．theywillgiveyouallthattheyhavewhenyouneedhelpB．youwillberefusedwhenyougetintotroubleC．youcanbesurethatyougetrealfriendsD．youwillbecomerich3．Thispassagemainlydiscusses________.A．thequalitiesofafriendB．wheretochoosefriendsC．howtogetalongwithfriendsD．theimportanceofhavingafriend4．Howmanyqualitiesdoesthewritermentioninthepassage?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.【答案】1．A2．B3．A4．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了好朋友應(yīng)該具備的幾種品質(zhì)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.”（我希望朋友能理解我，一個(gè)好朋友總是會(huì)盡力理解另一個(gè)人的感受）可知，作者認(rèn)為朋友間理解最重要，故A項(xiàng)正確。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sometimesyouwillmeetfair-weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.”（有時(shí)你會(huì)遇到酒肉朋友，你有錢或春風(fēng)得意時(shí)，他們會(huì)和你在一起，但當(dāng)你失意時(shí)，他們就會(huì)離開你）可知，在你遇到麻煩的時(shí)候，酒肉朋友會(huì)拒絕幫你，故B項(xiàng)正確。3．主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中的“HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter，especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability．”（我怎么知道我找到了一個(gè)好朋友?他應(yīng)該具備一些品質(zhì)，特別是理解、誠實(shí)和可靠）可知，本文主要介紹的是一個(gè)好朋友應(yīng)該具備的幾種品質(zhì)，故A項(xiàng)正確。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三、四、五段內(nèi)容可知，這四段分別介紹了好朋友的四種必備品質(zhì)——理解、誠實(shí)、可靠和有趣，故B項(xiàng)正確。8篇ItraveledtoLondon,Englandinthespringof2016.Actually,ItraveledwithCAPAInternationalEducationonastudyprogram.Atthattime,Ididafullthree-monthprogrambutItraveledonweekendsandduringbreaks.IusedtoliveinasmalltownoutsideNewYork.TheideaofbigcitieshasalwaysexcitedmeandIwantedtotakeadvantageofthatonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.ItwasagreatopportunityformetoseehowindependentIcouldbeinanothercountry,becauseIhopetotravelalotmoreinthefuture.IlivedinaflatinEalingBroadwaywithseveralotherstudentsfromdifferentAmericanschools.ThebiggestsurpriseIfoundtherewasthecultureshockIexperienced.IhadexpectedtravelingtoLondontobeaneasytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變)formebecauseIthoughttheirculturewasclosetothatofAmerica.ButyouknowthelanguageandthepeopleweregreatlydifferentfromwhatIhadexpected.Theyhaddifferentaccents.Infact,theywerenoisyandmorefree-thinkingthanmostAmericansIknew.However,ItriedtotakepartintheirgiantChineseNewYearcelebrationinTrafalgarSquare.IwenttoseveralJewishsocietyholidaycelebrationsandactivelyparticipatedinanyculturalactivitiesIknewatthattime.Itwasgreattobeabletotrulyputmyselfintheirculture.TheseareexperiencesIcouldn'tgetanywhereelse.Iwouldsuggestpeoplehopingtofollowinmyfootstepsnotletanythingholdthembackfromexploringtheforeignculturespresentedtothem.Yes,youarethereforschool,butyournumberonepriority(優(yōu)先)isyourself.Somakesureyougohomewithnoregrets.Donotmissanything!1．Whatwastheauthor'smainpurposeingoingtoLondon?A．Togosightseeing.B．Tovisitsomerelatives.C．Tojoininastudyprogram.D．Toexperiencethelifeinabigcity.2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheopportunityoftravelingtoLondon?A．Itwouldchangehislife.B．Itwouldtesthisindependence.C．Itwouldmakehisdreamcometrue.D．Itwouldhelpimprovehiscommunicationability.3．Whatwasbeyondtheauthor'sexpectationafterarrivinginLondon?A．Culturedifferences. B．Unfriendlystudents.C．Hislivingconditions. D．Somestrangeaccents.4．Inthelastparagraph,theauthormainlyadvisespeoplestudyingabroadto________.A．exploremoreinterestingplacesfortravelingB．trytoreceivemoreinternationaleducationC．combinestudywithexploringforeignculturesD．loo