高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省平?jīng)鍪徐o寧縣某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AScarecrow(稻草人)FestivalinPeddler’sVillagePeddler’sVillage,acharmingdestinationinPennsylvania,USA,hostsoneofthemostbelovedfestivalsintheNortheast—ScarecrowFestival.Duringeachautumnharvestseason,thevillagetransformsintoanimaginativewonderlandfilledwithhandcraftedscarecrows,autumndecorations,andseasonalcheer.WhattoExpectDuringScarecrowFestivalScarecrowExhibits—Theheartofthefestivalisthescarecrowdisplay.Localresidentsandorganizationsdesignscarecrows.Themesrangefromclassicfarm-stylescarecrowstopopcultureworks,superheroes,andevenpoliticalfigures.Competitions&Awards—Ascarecrowcompetitionisheldandthescarecrowsarejudgedinseveralcategories.Visitorsareinvitedtovote(投票)fortheirfavoritescarecrowsthroughthePeddler’sVillagemobileapp.Prizesencouragefriendlycompetitionandinspireincredibledesigns.Family-FriendlyActivities—Beyondscarecrowviewing,otheractivitiesoftenincludepumpkincarvingandfacepainting,hayrideswindingthroughthevillage,livemusic,danceperformances,andstorytelling.Workshops&DIYStations—Visitorswhowanttobringtheirscarecrowideastolifecantrymakingtheirownscarecrows,perfectforafunsouvenir,orenteringthemintothevillage’sscarecrowcompetition.SeasonalShopping&Dining—Peddler’sVillageisknownforitsboutique(精品的)shops,sovisitorscanenjoyfall-themedshopping.Localfoodstalls,restaurantsandcafésofferautumnspecialtieslikeappleciderandpumpkintreats.WhyVisit?FreeAdmission—Unlikesomefestivals,thisonegivesvisitorsfreeaccess.PicturesforDays—You’llfindperfectphotospotsaroundeverycorner.PerfectFallAtmosphere—Ifyoulovecoolautumnair,colorfulleaves,andseasonalfun,thisfestivalisamust-visit.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoduringScarecrowFestivalinPeddler’sVillage?A.Createtheirownscarecrowstotakehome.B.Designuniquescarecrowsforthedisplay.C.Enjoyalltheappleciderandpumpkintreatsforfree.D.Determinethejudgesforthescarecrowcompetition.2.WhatisatipforexperiencingtheScarecrowFestival?A.Visitorspaytojoininthescarecrowcompetition.B.Thescarecrowdesignsarelimitedtotraditionalstyles.C.Photographyisencouragedduetoitsnicebackgrounds.D.Scarecrowsfromworkshopsarerefusedinthecompetition.3.Whatisthetext?A.Astudyaboutafestival. B.Anannouncementforanevent.C.Areportonacelebration. D.Anintroductiontoatradition.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國賓夕法尼亞州Peddler’sVillage的稻草人節(jié)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Workshops&DIYStations部分“Visitorswhowanttobringtheirscarecrowideastolifecantrymakingtheirownscarecrows,perfectforafunsouvenir,orenteringthemintothevillage’sscarecrowcompetition.(想要將自己關(guān)于稻草人創(chuàng)意付諸實(shí)踐的游客，可以嘗試制作屬于自己的稻草人（這是非常棒的趣味紀(jì)念品），或者帶著自己制作的稻草人參加村莊舉辦的稻草人比賽。)”可知，游客可以嘗試制作自己的稻草人，把它當(dāng)成有趣的紀(jì)念品帶回家。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PicturesforDays部分“You’llfindperfectphotospotsaroundeverycorner.(你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎每個(gè)角落都有絕佳的拍照地點(diǎn))”可知，在體驗(yàn)Peddler’sVillage的稻草人節(jié)的時(shí)候，游客被鼓勵(lì)多拍照。故選C。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peddler’sVillage,acharmingdestinationinPennsylvania,USA,hostsoneofthemostbelovedfestivalsintheNortheast—ScarecrowFestival.Duringeachautumnharvestseason,thevillagetransformsintoanimaginativewonderlandfilledwithhandcraftedscarecrows,autumndecorations,andseasonalcheer.(美國賓夕法尼亞州的“小販村”是一個(gè)迷人的旅游勝地，這里舉辦著東北地區(qū)最受歡迎的節(jié)日之一——稻草人節(jié)。在每年的秋收時(shí)節(jié)，這個(gè)村莊會(huì)變成一個(gè)充滿想象力的奇妙世界，到處都是手工制作的稻草人、秋日裝飾品和節(jié)日的歡樂氛圍)”以及文章介紹了美國賓夕法尼亞州Peddler’sVillage的稻草人節(jié)。由此可知，該文章是對(duì)一種傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的介紹。故選D。BFordecades,JeanMoffatthasbeenreachingoutovertheairwaves.Asanamateur(業(yè)余的)radiooperator,Moffatthasconnectedwithpeopleworldwide.“Bysendingsignalstosatellites,I’vetalkedtopeoplefromtheArctictotheAntarctic,”Moffattsaid.AndonWednesdayattheOntarioScienceCentre,the96-year-oldgottogoevenfurther.AnamateurradioconnectionallowedtheseniorandstudentstospeakwithCommanderLucaaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.Byconnection,Moffatttoldtheastronautshewasveryexcited,admittingthatthiswasanunrealizeddreamshehadformanyyears.ThenMoffattaskedifLucacouldkeepthespacestationcleanandtidy,addingthatasa“maturewoman”shehaddonelotsofcleaninginherlife.WhenMoffattwasayounggirl,shemovedtoTorontowithherfamily,hopingtherewouldbechancesforagirlinterestedinscience.Shedesperatelywantedtogotouniversity,butmovinghouseplacedasignificantburdenontheirfinances.Notdiscouraged,shetookacourseinamateurradio,thenapopulartechnology,andshortlyaftershegotherlicense.Afterretiring,MoffattstartedvolunteeringattheOntarioScienceCentre.Withherradiolicense,shehelpedsetupthecentre’sfirstradioshack(無線電設(shè)備室).TheideatoconnectwiththeInternationalSpaceStationcamejustafterMoffatt’s36thbirthday.Finallyafter60yearswiththehelpofamateurradiooperatorsandNASA,Moffattmadeherconnection.Whiletheconnectionwasn’tveryclear,shewasmovedtotears,tellingthosewhohadgatheredtowatchthatitwasthe“highlight”ofherlife.Moffattplanstokeepvolunteeringatthecentre,introducingyoungerpeopletotheolderformoftechnology,andtokeepspeakingtoanyonewhocanpickuphersignal.“It’satechnologyevenolderthanmeandIloveamateurradio,”Moffattadded.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMoffattfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.SheattemptedanInternettalk. B.Shewasanenvironmentalist.C.Shewasintospaceexploration. D.Sheachievedalifetimegoal.5.WhydidMoffattandherfamilymovetoToronto?A.Togetaradiolicense. B.Toseekbetteropportunities.C.Toattendaradioschool. D.Tosurvivefinancialtroubles.6.WhatdoesMoffattplantodofurther?A.Promoteradiocommunication. B.Continueherpassionforradio.C.Startherradioshackbusiness. D.Acquirenewscientificabilities.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMoffatt?A.Creativeandambitious. B.Out-spokenandenergetic.C.Passionateanddetermined. D.Humorousandgenerous.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了96歲業(yè)余無線電愛好者JeanMoffatt的傳奇經(jīng)歷，她通過無線電與國際空間站通話實(shí)現(xiàn)了畢生夢想，并始終保持著對(duì)無線電技術(shù)的熱愛與堅(jiān)持?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AnamateurradioconnectionallowedtheseniorandstudentstospeakwithCommanderLucaaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.Byconnection,Moffatttoldtheastronautshewasveryexcited,admittingthatthiswasanunrealizeddreamshehadformanyyears.(通過業(yè)余無線電通訊，這位老人和學(xué)生們得以與國際空間站上的Luca指揮官對(duì)話。連線時(shí)，Moffatt告訴宇航員自己激動(dòng)萬分，坦言這是她多年來未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢想)”可知，Moffatt通過無線電與國際空間站的宇航員對(duì)話，終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了畢生的目標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenMoffattwasayounggirl,shemovedtoTorontowithherfamily,hopingtherewouldbechancesforagirlinterestedinscience.(當(dāng)Moffatt還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候，她和家人搬到了多倫多，希望那里會(huì)有一個(gè)對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣的女孩的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，搬家是為了尋求更好的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Moffattplanstokeepvolunteeringatthecentre,introducingyoungerpeopletotheolderformoftechnology,andtokeepspeakingtoanyonewhocanpickuphersignal.(Moffatt計(jì)劃繼續(xù)在中心擔(dān)任志愿者，向年輕人介紹這項(xiàng)歷史悠久的通信技術(shù)，并與所有能接收到她信號(hào)的人保持通話)”可知，她計(jì)劃繼續(xù)她對(duì)無線電的熱情。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fordecades,JeanMoffatthasbeenreachingoutovertheairwaves.(幾十年來，JeanMoffatt一直通過無線電波與外界保持聯(lián)系)”和第三段中“Notdiscouraged,shetookacourseinamateurradio,thenapopulartechnology,andshortlyaftershegotherlicense.Afterretiring,MoffattstartedvolunteeringattheOntarioScienceCentre.(她沒有氣餒，報(bào)名參加了當(dāng)時(shí)頗為流行的業(yè)余無線電課程，不久后便考取了執(zhí)照。退休后，莫法特開始在安大略科學(xué)中心擔(dān)任志愿者)”可知，她對(duì)無線電的熱愛貫穿一生，這表明她富有激情；根據(jù)第三段中“Shedesperatelywantedtogotouniversity,butmovinghouseplacedasignificantburdenontheirfinances.Notdiscouraged,shetookacourseinamateurradio,thenapopulartechnology,andshortlyaftershegotherlicense.(她曾極度渴望上大學(xué)，但搬家給家庭帶來了沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。她沒有氣餒，報(bào)名參加了當(dāng)時(shí)頗為流行的業(yè)余無線電課程，不久后便考取了執(zhí)照)”和第四段中“TheideatoconnectwiththeInternationalSpaceStationcamejustafterMoffatt’s36thbirthday.Finallyafter60yearswiththehelpofamateurradiooperatorsandNASA,Moffattmadeherconnection.(與國際空間站建立聯(lián)系的想法誕生于Moffatt的36歲生日后不久。經(jīng)過60年的等待，在業(yè)余無線電愛好者和美國宇航局的協(xié)助下，她終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了這一夙愿)”可知，她在困難情況下仍堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)無線電并取得執(zhí)照，60年來不放棄與國際空間站通話的夢想，這表明她是堅(jiān)定的。故選C項(xiàng)。CCanarobothelpspeedupChristmasdeliveries?ThecityofHelsinkiisfindingout.AtrialinFinland’scapitalisusingadeliveryrobotintwoneighborhoodstoseeifthisnew,self-drivingandpollution-freemethodcouldhelpwiththeholidaystress.TheHeRorobotthatisbeingtested,isaprojectofForumVirium,aninnovativeFinnishcompany.ThetrialwillberunningthroughtheendofDecember2023.Thegoalistoshowhowpackagescanbequicklydeliveredtopeople’shomeswithgreataccuracyevenduringtheholidayseason.HeRoisnotjustadeliveryrobot,it’selectricandoperateswithoutanydangerousemissions,plusitisself-navigating(導(dǎo)航)andtalks.ThedeliveryrobotwasmadebytheFrenchroboticsfirmTwinswHeelandusesaninterfacecreatedbytheFinnishcompanyLMAD.Thefour-wheeledvehiclecancarryupto300kilogramsandcantravelupto20kilometersonjustonechargeofitslithium(鋰)batterypack.HeRousesacombinationofGPSandonboardsensors(傳感器)torunthroughthecity’sstreets.HeRocancarryseveralordersatonce.Eachorderisinaseparatelockerandcustomerscanopentheirlockerselectronically.Injustonehour,therobotdeliverspackagesfromafewshopstopeopleintheRuoholahtiandNorthJ?tk?saariareas.Nootherdeliveryserviceisasfastorasclean.Thisisn’tHeRo’sfirstappearanceonHelsinkistreets.FromMaytoAugust2023,therewasafirstphasetrial.ItcarriedpackagesfromWürthCenter(aplacethatgivestoolsandsuppliesforindustry)tonearbyworkplaces.ThesetrialsarepartoftheinternationalURBANEproject.Theprojectwantstofindnew,greenwaystomakelogisticsbetterforbothcompaniesandpeople.Soon,therewillbenewtrialsincitiesinSpainandGreece.Usingself-drivingrobotsforzero-emissiondeliveryisanideathatshouldbeusedallovertheworld.8.WhatisthepurposeofthetrialinHelsinki?A.Toseeifrobotscanreplacehumandeliveryworkers.B.TofindoutifrobotscanspeedupChristmasdeliveries.C.TotestifrobotscanreducepollutionduringChristmas.D.Tocheckifrobotscanimprovetheaccuracyofdeliveries.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicoftheHeRorobot?A.Itisself-navigating. B.Ithasonboardsensors.C.Itcancarryupto300kilograms. D.Itcantravelunlimiteddistancesononecharge.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Newtrialswillbeexpandedtoothercities.B.TheURBANEprojectonlyfocusesonHelsinki.C.Zeroemissiondeliveryisalreadywidelyapplied.D.TheHeRorobothasbeenonthestreetsofHelsinkionlyonce.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Pollution-freeMethodProvesPopular B.RobotsAreHelpingtoDeliverPackagesC.ADeliveryRobotImprovesServiceQuality D.HelsinkiTakestheLeadinHolidayDeliveries【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了芬蘭首都赫爾辛基正在測試一款名為HeRo的電動(dòng)無人配送機(jī)器人，旨在驗(yàn)證其在圣誕節(jié)等節(jié)假日高峰期能否實(shí)現(xiàn)高效、零污染的包裹配送，并介紹了該機(jī)器人的技術(shù)參數(shù)、功能特點(diǎn)、歷史測試情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“CanarobothelpspeedupChristmasdeliveries?ThecityofHelsinkiisfindingout.AtrialinFinland’scapitalisusingadeliveryrobotintwoneighborhoodstoseeifthisnew,self-drivingandpollution-freemethodcouldhelpwiththeholidaystress.(機(jī)器人能助力加快圣誕節(jié)期間的快遞派送速度嗎？赫爾辛基市正在探尋答案。芬蘭首都赫爾辛基正在兩個(gè)街區(qū)對(duì)一款配送機(jī)器人進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，旨在研究這種新型的、自動(dòng)駕駛且無污染的配送方式是否能夠緩解節(jié)日期間的物流壓力。)”可知，赫爾辛基進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)的目的是想弄清楚機(jī)器人是否能加快圣誕節(jié)期間的快遞派送速度，通過在兩個(gè)街區(qū)使用配送機(jī)器人來檢驗(yàn)這種新方式能否緩解節(jié)日期間的壓力。故選B。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“HeRoisnotjustadeliveryrobot,it’selectricandoperateswithoutanydangerousemissions,plusitisself-navigating(導(dǎo)航)andtalks.ThedeliveryrobotwasmadebytheFrenchroboticsfirmTwinswHeelandusesaninterfacecreatedbytheFinnishcompanyLMAD.Thefour-wheeledvehiclecancarryupto300kilogramsandcantravelupto20kilometersonjustonechargeofitslithium(鋰)batterypack.HeRousesacombinationofGPSandonboardsensors(傳感器)torunthroughthecity’sstreets.(HeRo不僅僅是一款配送機(jī)器人，它使用電力驅(qū)動(dòng)，運(yùn)行過程中不產(chǎn)生任何有害排放物，此外，它還具備自主導(dǎo)航功能并且能夠與人交流。這款配送機(jī)器人由法國機(jī)器人公司TwinswHeel制造，并采用了芬蘭公司LMAD開發(fā)的交互界面。這個(gè)四輪機(jī)器人最大載重量可達(dá)300公斤，一次充電后，其鋰電池組可支持它行駛20公里。HeRo綜合運(yùn)用全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）和車載傳感器在城市街道上行駛。)”可知，HeRo機(jī)器人是電動(dòng)的，無污染排放，具備自主導(dǎo)航功能，使用全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）和車載傳感器在城市街道行駛，四輪的它最大載重量可達(dá)300公斤，一次充電其鋰電池組可支持它行駛20公里。也就是說，選項(xiàng)A、B、C都是HeRo的特點(diǎn)，只有選項(xiàng)D“Itcantravelunlimiteddistancesononecharge.(它一次充電可以行駛無限的距離)”與原文表述不符。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thisisn’tHeRo’sfirstappearanceonHelsinkistreets.FromMaytoAugust2023,therewasafirstphasetrial.ItcarriedpackagesfromWürthCenter(aplacethatgivestoolsandsuppliesforindustry)tonearbyworkplaces.ThesetrialsarepartoftheinternationalURBANEproject.Theprojectwantstofindnew,greenwaystomakelogisticsbetterforbothcompaniesandpeople.Soon,therewillbenewtrialsincitiesinSpainandGreece.Usingself-drivingrobotsforzero-emissiondeliveryisanideathatshouldbeusedallovertheworld.(這并非HeRo首次出現(xiàn)在赫爾辛基的街頭。在2023年5月至8月期間，進(jìn)行了第一階段的試驗(yàn)。當(dāng)時(shí)它將貨物從伍爾特中心（WürthCenter，一個(gè)為工業(yè)提供工具和物資的場所）運(yùn)送到附近的工作地點(diǎn)。這些試驗(yàn)是國際“URBANE項(xiàng)目”的一部分。該項(xiàng)目旨在尋找新的、環(huán)保的方式，以便讓物流服務(wù)對(duì)公司和民眾都更有利。很快，西班牙和希臘的城市也將開展新的試驗(yàn)。使用自動(dòng)駕駛機(jī)器人實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放配送，這個(gè)理念值得在全球范圍內(nèi)推廣應(yīng)用。)”可知，HeRo機(jī)器人在赫爾辛基不是第一次進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，這些試驗(yàn)是國際URBANE項(xiàng)目的一部分，該項(xiàng)目旨在找到新的綠色方式讓物流更好，并且很快在西班牙和希臘的城市會(huì)有新的試驗(yàn)。由此推知，新的試驗(yàn)將擴(kuò)展到其他城市。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了赫爾辛基市正在進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，使用HeRo配送機(jī)器人在兩個(gè)街區(qū)進(jìn)行快遞派送，以檢驗(yàn)其是否能加快圣誕節(jié)期間的快遞派送速度，同時(shí)介紹了HeRo機(jī)器人的特點(diǎn)、之前的試驗(yàn)情況以及未來的試驗(yàn)計(jì)劃等，核心內(nèi)容圍繞機(jī)器人參與快遞派送展開。選項(xiàng)B“RobotsAreHelpingtoDeliverPackages(機(jī)器人正在助力派送包裹)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章主要內(nèi)容，可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。DInagroundbreakingstudyin2024,biologistsdiscoveredthatplantscommunicatethroughcomplexnetworksoffungalthreads(真菌絲).Whenattackedbyinsects,beanplantsreleasechemicalsignalsthroughthesethreads,warningneighbouringplantstoproducepoison.Dr.ElenaTorres,leadresearcher,comparesittoan“undergroundInternet”.“Onestressedplantcanactivatedefensesacrossanentireforest,”shesays.Thisfindingchallengestheviewthatplantsarepassiveorganisms.Soundalsoplaysarole.Usinghighlysensitivemicrophones,scientistsrecordedultrasonicpulses(超聲波的)givenoffbycornsproutsunderdroughtstress.Whentheserecordingswereplayedtootherplants,theirrootsgrewtowardsthesoundsource.“It’sasifthey’re‘hearing’theirpeers’distress,”explainsDr.HiroshiNakamura.Inanotherexperiment,peaplantsthatwereexposedtothesoundofcaterpillarseatingleavesproducedhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals.Thissoundsignalingcouldchangepestcontrolinagriculture.Criticsurgecaution.Dr.EmilyCarterargues,“We’repersonifyingplants.Thesereactionsarebiochemical,notconsciouscommunication.”Moraldebatesalsoarise:Ifplantssensepain,shouldvegandietsbereconsidered?Torresrespondsfirmly:“Plantslacknervoussystems.Stressresponsesaresurvivalmechanisms,notsentience.”Meanwhile,farmersinBrazilalreadyuse“plantwhisperer”devicesthattranslateleafvibrationsintodata,predictingpestoutbreaksdaysbeforevisibledamage.Theconsequencesarevast.Geneticistsareengineeringcropswithenhancedsignalingabilities,creating“warningsystems”fordroughtsordiseases.InKenya,farmersgrowcorntogetherwithsignal-producingplantsthatpreventinsectsnaturally.“Thiscouldreducepesticideuseby70%,”saysagronomistKwameOkafor.Asresearchspeedsup,weedgeclosertoaworldwhereforests“speak”,fields“warn”,andgardens“guide”—asilentdialoguethathasbeengoingonbeneathourfeetforages,nowinterpretedbyscience.Recentadvancementsaimtoapplyplantcommunicationcommercially.AstartupPhytoTechdevelopedasensorthatinterpretsplantchemicalSOSsignals,informingfarmersviaapptowaterorfertilize.TrialsinCaliforniavineyardsreducedcroplossby25%.However,criticswarnagainstover-reliance:“Nature’slanguageiscomplex,”saysecologistDr.RachelLin.“Simplifyingittoappsrisksmissingdeeperconnections.”12.HowdobeanplantsrespondtoinsectattacksaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Byattractinghelpfulinsects. B.Bygrowingthickerleaves.C.Byproducingcomplexsounds. D.Byreleasingchemicalwarnings.13.WhatdoyouknowaboutthepeaplantexperimentdescribedinParagraph2?A.Plantsignoredroughts. B.Plantsprefersilence.C.Plantsrespondtopestsounds. D.Plantsreacttowatersounds.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sentience”meaninParagraph3?A.Balance. B.Feeling. C.Competition. D.Information.15.WhatisRachelLin’sattitudetowardsusingappstolearnplantsignals?A.Favourable. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了植物之間通過真菌網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的交流，以及科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾卫眠@些發(fā)現(xiàn)來改進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whenattackedbyinsects,beanplantsreleasechemicalsignalsthroughthesethreads,warningneighbouringplantstoproducepoison.(當(dāng)受到昆蟲的攻擊時(shí)，豆類植物通過這些真菌絲釋放化學(xué)信號(hào)，警告鄰近的植物產(chǎn)生毒素。)”可知，當(dāng)受到昆蟲攻擊時(shí)，豆類植物會(huì)通過真菌絲釋放化學(xué)信號(hào)，警告鄰近植物產(chǎn)生毒素。所以豆類植物對(duì)昆蟲攻擊的反應(yīng)是釋放化學(xué)警告。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inanotherexperiment,peaplantsthatwereexposedtothesoundofcaterpillarseatingleavesproducedhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals.(在另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，豌豆植物被暴露在毛毛蟲吃葉子的聲音中，產(chǎn)生了更高水平的防御性化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”可知，暴露在毛毛蟲吃葉子的聲音中的豌豆植物會(huì)產(chǎn)生更高水平的防御性化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這表明植物會(huì)對(duì)害蟲的聲音做出反應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Plantslacknervoussystems.Stressresponsesaresurvivalmechanisms,not…(植物沒有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。壓力反應(yīng)是一種生存機(jī)制，而不是……。)”可知，這里說的是植物缺乏神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)激反應(yīng)是生存機(jī)制，而不是感覺。這里的“sentience”意思是“感覺”，與B選項(xiàng)Feeling“感覺”意思相符。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nature’slanguageiscomplex,”saysecologistDr.RachelLin.“Simplifyingittoappsrisksmissingdeeperconnections.”(“大自然的語言是復(fù)雜的，”生態(tài)學(xué)家RachelLin博士說?！皩⑵浜喕癁閼?yīng)用程序可能會(huì)失去更深層次的聯(lián)系?！?”可知，她認(rèn)為自然的語言是復(fù)雜的，將其簡化為應(yīng)用程序可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過更深層次的聯(lián)系。所以她對(duì)使用應(yīng)用程序來了解植物信號(hào)的態(tài)度是懷疑的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)HowtoIntroduceFriendstoOtherFriendsYoumayfindthatyouhavetwofriendsthatyoureallywanttointroducetoeachother.___16___.Ifso,youcanmakeanintroductionbybringingthemtogetherandfacilitateanewfriendship.Regardlessofhowyouintroduceyourfriends,youwillneedtorememberafewpiecesoffriendshipetiquette(禮儀)tohelpthefriendshipblossomandensurethatyouandyourfriendsallstayongoodterms.Bringyourfriendstogether.Ifyouareatapartyorsomesocialgathering,bringyourtwofriendstogethersothattheycanphysicallymeeteachother.___17___,orhaveonefriendcomewithyouwhileyoulookfortheotherone.Regardless,trytotakethemtoaplacewhereyouareabletointroducethem.Makethenecessaryintroductions.Onceyouhavebroughtyourfriendstogether,introducethemtoeachother.Youcanchoosetodotheintroductionandsaytheirnames,orletthemdotheintroduction.___18___.Stickaroundandfacilitate(促進(jìn))theconversation.___19___.Meetingnewpeoplecanbeawkward,soyoushouldstayandkeeptheconversationfromfizzlingout(失敗).Ifitslowsdown,mentionotherthingsthatyourfriendshaveincommon.___20___.Ifyourfriendsdonothititoff,youneedtomoveon.Youcannottakeitpersonally.Itisnotyourfaultthatafriendshipdidnotblossom.Sometimes,people,whointheoryshouldgetalong,simplydonotlikeeachother.Donotpushitiftheydonotbecomefriends.Noonelikesbeingforcedintoarelationship.A.LetitgoiftheydonotlikeeachotherB.SparenoefforttoboostanewfriendshipC.YoucanhaveonefriendstayputwhileyoutrackdowntheotheroneD.However,itmaybelessawkwardandmoreformalifyoudotheintroductionE.YoushouldletthemknowwhyyouthoughttheywouldbefriendsF.TheymayhavealotincommonorbeinasimilarplaceinlifeG.Onceyoudotheinitialintroduction,stickaroundtokeeptheconversationgoing【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.G20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于如何將兩個(gè)朋友介紹給彼此的方法和注意事項(xiàng)，旨在幫助讀者更好地處理社交場合中的此類情境。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmayfindthatyouhavetwofriendsthatyoureallywanttointroducetoeachother.(你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你有兩個(gè)朋友，你真的很想把他們介紹給對(duì)方)”可知，上文提到想要介紹兩個(gè)朋友互相認(rèn)識(shí)，這里應(yīng)該說明為什么想要介紹他們認(rèn)識(shí)的原因，選項(xiàng)F“Theymayhavealotincommonorbeinasimilarplaceinlife(他們可能有很多共同點(diǎn)，或者生活在相似的地方)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouareatapartyorsomesocialgathering,bringyourtwofriendstogethersothattheycanphysicallymeeteachother.(如果你在一個(gè)聚會(huì)或社交聚會(huì)上，把你的兩個(gè)朋友帶到一起，這樣他們就可以面對(duì)面了)”可知，本空應(yīng)介紹把兩個(gè)朋友帶到一起的方法，由下文“orhaveonefriendcomewithyouwhileyoulookfortheotherone(或者讓一個(gè)朋友和你一起去找另一個(gè))”可知，這句話中的or表明此處存在選擇關(guān)系，由此可以推斷出，該空白處應(yīng)該說的是另一種選擇，選項(xiàng)C“Youcanhaveonefriendstayputwhileyoutrackdowntheotherone(讓一個(gè)朋友待在原地，而你去找另一個(gè)朋友)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Onceyouhavebroughtyourfriendstogether,introducethemtoeachother.Youcanchoosetodotheintroductionandsaytheirnames,orletthemdotheintroduction.(一旦你把你的朋友聚在一起，把他們介紹給彼此。你可以選擇做介紹并說出他們的名字，或者讓他們做介紹)”可知，上文提到可以選擇讓兩個(gè)朋友自我介紹，本空應(yīng)提出另一種介紹方式。選項(xiàng)D“However,itmaybelessawkwardandmoreformalifyoudotheintroduction(然而，如果你做介紹，可能會(huì)不那么尷尬，也更正式)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Meetingnewpeoplecanbeawkward,soyoushouldstayandkeeptheconversationfromfizzlingout(認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友可能會(huì)很尷尬，所以你應(yīng)該留下來，讓對(duì)話不要中斷)”可知，這句話提到了認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友時(shí)可能存在的尷尬情況，并給出了一個(gè)建議，該空白處應(yīng)該是談?wù)撟鐾瓿醪降慕榻B后要留下來，讓對(duì)話不要中斷，由此可以推斷出，而選項(xiàng)G“Onceyoudotheinitialintroduction,stickaroundtokeeptheconversationgoing(一旦你做了初步的介紹，就待在那里，讓對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去)”能引出下文，符合語境，其中“stickaroundtokeeptheconversationgoing”與下文中的“stayandkeeptheconversationfromfizzlingout”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Ifyourfriendsdonothititoff,youneedtomoveon.Youcannottakeitpersonally.Itisnotyourfaultthatafriendshipdidnotblossom.Sometimes,people,whointheoryshouldgetalong,simplydonotlikeeachother.Donotpushitiftheydonotbecomefriends.Noonelikesbeingforcedintoarelationship.(如果你的朋友們合不來，你需要離開。你不能往心里去。友誼沒有開花結(jié)果不是你的錯(cuò)。有時(shí)候，理論上應(yīng)該和睦相處的人，就是不喜歡對(duì)方。如果他們沒有成為朋友，不要強(qiáng)迫他們。沒有人喜歡被迫進(jìn)入一段關(guān)系)”可知，最后一段討論的是如果介紹的朋友之間沒有產(chǎn)生友誼應(yīng)該如何處理，這里提出不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)求，如果他們不喜歡對(duì)方，就應(yīng)該放手。選項(xiàng)A“Letitgoiftheydonotlikeeachother(如果他們不喜歡對(duì)方，就放手吧)”能概括本段主旨，符合題意。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)In2018,JulieSilvermandevelopedabadcough.Shewenttoseemanydoctors,butnoonecoulddiagnose(診斷)the___21___ofthecough,orfigureoutawayto___22___it.Overthenextfewyears,the___23___gotworseandworse.WhenSilvermanwenttoa___24___forweeklyappointmentsforallergy(過敏)shots,shemetanursepractitioner(從業(yè)人員)namedAlison.Shekepttabson(密切關(guān)注)Silverman.WhenSilvermancameinoneday,Alisonnoticedthatherconditionhad___25___.Alison___26___oneofthephysiciansintheclinicandinsistedthathedoathoroughexaminationtoSilverman’strachea(氣管).ItturnedoutthatSilvermanhadaconditioncalledidiopathicsubglotticstenosis.Itisavery___27___conditionwhichonlyhappenstoaboutonein400,000people.Itwasveryseriousand___28___ifnottreated,becauseSilverman’sairwaycompletelyclosed.ThediagnosisgaveSilvermanthe___29___sheneededtofindaspecialistwhocouldproperlytreather.Nowshespendshertime____30____atherlocalhospital,ridingherbike,hiking,skiingandspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends.Sheoften____31____Alisonwhiledoingthethingsthatbringher____32____.“HadAlisonnotpickeduponthefactthatshewassuresomethingelsewas____33____,andgottenthisphysiciantolookinmythroat(喉嚨),Idon’tknowwhatwouldhavehappened,”shesaid.“Itwasherpersistenceandtakingmeseriouslythat____34____mylife.Shewasmyunsung____35____.”21.A.account B.source C.degree D.direction22.A.ignore B.regard C.treat D.feel23.A.stomachache B.cough C.sleep D.cold24.A.clinic B.company C.church D.charity25.A.improved B.worsened C.changed D.disappeared26.A.approached B.ordered C.doubted D.mentioned27.A.ordinary B.scary C.rare D.slow28.A.curable B.violent C.grand D.deadly29.A.information B.courage C.finance D.licence30.A.travelling B.volunteering C.staying D.wandering31.A.takeson B.runsinto C.meetswith D.thinksof32.A.peace B.annoyance C.defeat D.joy33.A.messy B.unpredictable C.wrong D.absent34.A.saved B.affected C.shared D.ruled35.A.partner B.goal C.hero D.dream【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.D33.C34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JulieSilverman持續(xù)咳嗽多年未能確診，直到執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士Alison堅(jiān)持要求醫(yī)生進(jìn)行徹底檢查，她才被確定患有一種罕見病，并得到正確治療，Silverman感激Alison的堅(jiān)持救了她的命，稱她為“無名英雄”?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她去看了很多醫(yī)生，但沒有人能診斷出咳嗽的原因，也沒有人能找到治療方法。A.account賬戶；B.source（問題的）原因；C.degree程度；D.direction方向。根據(jù)下文“Overthenextfewyears,the______gotworseandworse.”可知，Silverman的情況變?cè)愀饬?，因此是沒有醫(yī)生能診斷出咳嗽的原因。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她去看了很多醫(yī)生，但沒有人能診斷出咳嗽的原因，也沒有人能找到治療方法。A.ignore忽視；B.regard看待；C.treat治療；D.feel感覺。根據(jù)上文“Shewenttoseemanydoctors”和“orfigureoutawayto”可知，雖然Silverman看了很多醫(yī)生，但沒有人能找到治療方法。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾年里，咳嗽變得越來越嚴(yán)重。A.stomachache胃痛；B.cough咳嗽；C.sleep睡眠；D.cold感冒。根據(jù)上文“In2018,JulieSilvermandevelopedabadcough.”可知，Silverman的咳嗽變得越來越嚴(yán)重。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Silverman每周去診所預(yù)約過敏疫苗時(shí)，她遇到了一位名叫Alison的執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士。A.clinic診所；B.company公司；C.church教堂；D.charity慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。根據(jù)下文“Alison______oneofthephysiciansintheclinic”可推知，Silverman每周是去診所預(yù)約過敏疫苗。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天Silverman進(jìn)來時(shí)，Alison注意到她的病情惡化了。A.improved改善；B.worsened惡化；C.changed改變；D.disappeared消失。根據(jù)下文“Alison______oneofthephysiciansintheclinicandinsistedthathedoathoroughexaminationtoSilverman’strachea(氣管).”可知，Alison讓診所里的一位醫(yī)生給Silverman的氣管做一次徹底的檢查，因此是注意到Silverman的病情惡化了。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alison找到診所里的一位醫(yī)生，堅(jiān)持要他給Silverman的氣管做一次徹底的檢查。A.approached找……商談；B.ordered命令；C.doubted懷疑；D.mentioned提及。根據(jù)上文“shemetanursepractitioner(從業(yè)人員)namedAlison”可知，Alison是一名執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士，再結(jié)合下文“oneofthephysiciansintheclinicandinsistedthathedoathoroughexaminationtoSilverman’strachea(氣管)”可推知，她是找診所里的一位醫(yī)生商談，讓他給Silverman的氣管做一次徹底的檢查。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種非常罕見的疾病，大約每40萬人中才會(huì)發(fā)生一次。A.ordinary普通的；B.scary可怕的；C.rare罕見的；D.slow緩慢的。根據(jù)下文“whichonlyhappenstoaboutonein400,000people”可知，這種病在大約每40萬人中才會(huì)發(fā)生一次，因此是非常罕見的疾病。故選C。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不及時(shí)治療，情況會(huì)非常嚴(yán)重，甚至?xí)旅?，因?yàn)镾ilverman的氣道完全閉合了。A.curable可治愈的；B.violent暴力的；C.grand宏偉的；D.deadly致命的。根據(jù)下文“ifnottreated,becauseSilverman’sairwaycompletelyclosed”可知，Silverman的氣道完全閉合了，因此如果不及時(shí)治療，情況甚至?xí)旅?。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一診斷結(jié)果給了Silverman所需的信息，讓她找到了一位能夠?qū)λM(jìn)行正確治療的專家。A.information信息；B.courage勇氣；C.finance金融；D.licence執(zhí)照。根據(jù)上文“ItturnedoutthatSilvermanhadaconditioncalledidiopathicsubglotticstenosis.”可知，Silverman患有特發(fā)性聲門下狹窄癥，她咳嗽的原因確定了，因此診斷結(jié)果是給了Silverman找專家治療所需的信息。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她在當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院做志愿者、騎自行車、徒步旅行、滑雪，與家人和朋友共度時(shí)光。A.travelling旅行；B.volunteering自愿無償服務(wù)；C.