考點4細節(jié)理解之事實細節(jié)題

【真題解密】

Somepeoplewilldojustaboutanythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.Takemy

familyTslastvacation.ltwasmy.six-year-oldson,swinterbreakfromschool,andwewere

headinghomefromForiLauderdaleafteraweek-longtrip.Theflightwasoverbooked?andDelta,

theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.Ihad

meetingsinNewYork,soIhadtogetback.Butthatdidn'tmeanmyhusbandandmyson

couldn'tstay.Itookniynine-month-oldandtookoffforhome.

Thenextday,myhusbandandsonwereofferedmorecreditstotakeanevenlaterflight.Yes,I

encouraged-okay,ordered-themtowaititoutattheairportto“earn"moreDellaDollars.Our

totaltake：$L600.Notbad,huh?

NowsomepeoplemaythinkI'mabadmotherandnotsuchagreatwifeeither.Butasa

big-timebargainhunter,Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays,agooddealissomethingfew

ofuscanaffordlupassup.

rvemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposing（揭露）theworsttricks.Ihavebeen

theconsumerreporterofNBC'sTodayshowforoveradecade.Ihavewrittenacoupleofbooks

includingonetitledTricksoftheTrade：AConsumerSurvivalGMde.AndIreallydowhatIbelieve

in.

Itellyouthisbecausethereisnoshameingettingyourmoney*sworth.Tinalsotightfisted

whenitestoshoes,clothesformychildren,andexpensiverestaurants.ButIwouldn'thesitate（o

spendonagoodhaircut.ltkeepsitsshapelonger,andit'sthefirstthingpeoplenotice.AndIwill

alsospendonaclassicpieceoffurniture.Qualitylasts.（2013?新課標全國I,A）

56.WhydidDeltagivetheauthor'sfamilycredits?

A.Theytookalaterflight.

B.Theyhadearlybookings.

C.Theirflighthadbeendelayed.

D.Theirflighthadbeencancelled.

答案A

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文拿第一段中M...giveupourseatsandleavethenextday.w可知答

案。

57.Whatcanwclearnabouttheauthor?

A.Sherarelymissesagooddeal.

B.Sheseldommakesapromise.

C.Sheisverystrictwithherchildren.

D.Sheisinterestedincheapproducts.

答案A

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Butasabig-timebargainhunter,Iknowthevalueof

adollar.Andthesedays,agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.”可知作者自

稱是一個一流的殺價者，并且說一筆好的交易是很少有人能夠拒絕的，因此作者不會錯過

一筆好買賣的，答案為A項。

58.Whatdoestheauthordo?

A.She'sateacher.

B.She'sahousewife.

C.She'samediaperson.

D.She'sabusinesswoman.

答案C

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句"IhavebeeniheconsumerreporterofNBC's

Todayshowforoveradecade.”可知作者是--位媒體工作者。

59.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?

A.Howtoexposehadtricks.

B.Howtoreserveairlineseats.

C.Howtospendmoneywisely.

D.Howtomakeabusinessdeal.

答案C

解析寫作意圖題。文卓最后一段講述了如何明智地花錢，即如何讓錢花得更值得，故答

案為C項。

【技巧歸納】

做事實細節(jié)題最基本乜最常用的方法是題干定位法。一般在原文中找到相關的句子，然

后進行比較和分析，便可確定答案。此類題通常用一些疑問詞來提問，或是判斷正誤。

【趁熱打鐵】

Someyearsago,writir.ginmydiaryusedtobeausualactivity.Iwouldreturnfromschooland

spendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday'sevents,feelings,andimpressionsinmylittleblue

diary.Ididnotreallyneedtoexpressmyemotionsbywayofwords,butIgainedacertain

satisfactionfromseeingmyexperiencesforeverrecordedonpaper.Afterall,isn'taccumulating

memoriesawayofpreservingthepast?

WhenIwasthirteenyearsokl?Iwentonalongjourneyonfootinagreatvalley,well-equipped

withpens>adiary,andacamera.Duringthe(rip,Iwasbusyrecordingeveryincident,nameand

placeIcameacross.Ifeltproudtobespendingmytimeproductively,dutifullypreservingforfuture

generationsadetaileddescriptionofmytravels.Onmylastnightthere,1wanderedoutofmytent,

diaryinhand.Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon,andthewallsoftJievalleylooked

threateningbehind(heirscreenofshadows.Iautomaticallytookoutmypen...

Atthatpoint,IunderstoodthatnothingIwrotecouldevermatchorreplacethefewsecondsI

allowedmyselftoexperiencethedramaticbeautyofthevalley.AllIrememberedof(hepreviousfew

dayswerethedullcharacterizationsIhadsetdowninmydiary.

Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowritedownaspecialthoughtorfeeling.Istilllove

torecordideasandquotationsthatstrikemeinbooks,orobservationsthatareparticularly

meaningful.!takepictures,butnotveryoften-onlyofobjectsIfindreallybeautiful.I'mnolonger

blindlysatisfiedwithhavingsomethingtorememberwhenIgrowold.Irealizethatlifewillsimply

passmebyifIstaybehindthecamera,busypreservingthepresentsoastoliveitinthefuture.

Idon'twanttowakeuponedayandhavenothingbutapileofpicturesandnotes.MaybeI

won*thaveasmanyexactrepresentationsofpeopleandplaces;maybeI'IIforgetcertainfacts,

butatleasttheexperienceswillalwaysremaininsidemc.Ldon'tlivetomakememories—Ijust

live,andthememoriesformthemselves.(2013,湖北，A)

51.Beforetheageofthirteen,theauthorregardedkeepingadiaryasawayof.

A.observingherschoolroutine

B.expressinghersatisfaction

C.impressingherclassmates

D.preservingherhistory

答案D

解析細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的最后一句話"Afterall,isn'taccumulatingmemoriesa

wayofpresentingthepast?”可知，我認為通過看過去經(jīng)歷的記錄是保存過去的一種方式，

故選D項。

52.Whatcausedachangeintheauthor'sunderstandingofkeepingadiary?

A.Adullnightonthejourney.

B.Thebeautyofthegreatvalley.

C.Astrikingquotationfromabook.

D.Herconcernsforfuturegenerations.

答案B

解析細節(jié)理解題。由第三段的第一句話“Atthatpoint,IunderstoodthatnothingIwrote

couldevermatchorreplacethefewsecondsIallowedmyselftoexperiencethedramaticbeauty

ofthevalley."可知，山谷的美讓我意識到?jīng)]有什么能比得上讓自己去體臉美。故選B項。

53.Whatdoestheauthorputinherdiarynow?

A.Notesandbeautifulpictures.

B.Specialthoughtsandfeelings.

C.Detailedaccountsofdailyactivities.

D.Descriptionsofunforgettableevents.

答案B

解析細節(jié)理解題。由第四段第一句話“Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowrite

downaspecialthoughtorfeeling.n可知現(xiàn)在"我”只■!巴一■些特殊想法和感受寫在日記里，

故正確答案為B項。

54.Theauthorestorealizethattoliveameaningfullifeis.

A.toexperienceit

B.tolivethepresentinthefuture

C.tomakememories

D.togiveaccuraterepresentationsofit

答案A

解析推理判斷題。由最后一段的最后一句UIdon,tlivetomakememories...M可知C項

不正確；由第四段最后一句"IrealizethatlifewillsimplypassmebyifIstaybehindthe

camera,busypreservingthepresentsoastoliveitinthefuture.M可知B項錯誤;由最后一段

第二句話"MaybeIwon*thaveasmanyexactrepresentationsofpeopleandplaces;maybe

I'11forgetcertainfacts,butatleasttheexperienceswillalwaysremaininsideme.”可知D項

錯誤。

活頁練（十四）多項選擇+閱讀理解+完成句子

I.多項選擇

1.Duetothewidespreadofthismedicaltechnology,morediseasescanbediscoveredand

treatedatanearlystage.

A.presentationB.application

C.qualificationD.appreciation

答案B

解析句意為：由于這種醫(yī)藥技術的廣泛應用，越來越多的疾病可以及早發(fā)現(xiàn)并且治愈了。

所以此空為“應用”的意思，故B項正確。presentation展示，呈現(xiàn)；qualification資格：

appreciation欣賞，感激。

2.Theplanwasinjustbecausepeoplewereunwillingtocooperate.

A.ruinsB.pieces

C.dangerD.（rouble

答案A

解析句意為：計劃毀掉了，因為人們不愿意合作。inruins毀掉，荒廢，成為廢墟，符合

句意。inpiece破碎；indanger在危險中：introuble處于困境中，有麻煩。

3.rdliketoaseatonthenextplanetoAtlanta.

A.preserveB.stay

C.maintainD.reserve

答案D

解析reserveaseat預訂一個席位，此時與order相同“preserve強調(diào)“收藏，保存”，共

目的是使之完好無損、質(zhì)量不變。

4.Ifyoudofalloutoftheboat,yourlifejacketwillhelpyoutountilwecanfindyouout.

A.stayupB.eup

C.makeupD.standup

答案A

解析句意為：如果你從船上掉下去的話，你的救生衣會幫你不下沉，直到我們找到你。

cup走過來；makeup編造，組成；standup起立；stayup不倒，不沉。故選A項。

5.Itisdifficulttoaconversationwithsomeonewhoonlysays"Yes"and"No".

A.keepupB.takeup

C.makeupD.pickup

答案A

解析句意為：和一個只說yes和no的人繼續(xù)交流太冷了。keepup保持，維持；takeup(中

斷后)繼續(xù)，接受，占用；makeup組成，補足，編造；pickup撿起，得到，學會。由句意

知選A項。

6.Thosewhoarenotwiththeprogresstheyhavemadewillhavegreatersuccess.

A.proudB.afraid

C.popularD.content

答案D

解析句意為：不滿足于已取得的成績的人會有更大的成就。content滿足的，滿意的。

7.Therunnermadea(n)decisionthathewouldrathertakepartinthegamethoughhegot

hurlbadly.

A.interestingB.discouraging

C.astonishingD.disappointing

答案C

解析由句意可知，該選手盡管受傷還要參加比賽，這一定是令人驚訝的。故選C項。

8.Themathsproblemisverydifficult.!workitout,.

A.stillB.yet

C.althoughD.though

答案D

解析句意為：數(shù)學問題很難，但我解決了。still仍然；yel然而；although雖然，用于

句首；though雖然，用于句首、句中或句末。

9.Itseemsthatlivinggreeniseasyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.

A.exactlyB.fortunately

C.surprisinglyD.hardly

答案C

解析考查副詞辨析。exactly準確地：fortunately幸運地；surprisingly驚訝地，出乎意料

地；hardly幾乎不。句意為：似乎保護環(huán)境是出乎意料地簡單可行。小小的行動能帶來很

大的影響。故選C項。

10.Peterphonedtosaythey'darrivedsafely,soputyourmind.

A.witheaseB.byheart

C.inpeaceD.atcase

答案D

解析put...atease使...感到輕松或自在。withease容易地；byheart用心地；inpeace平

靜地，和平地。

II.閱讀理解

A

Themorninghadbeenadisaster.Mytoothwasaching,andI'dbeeninanargumentwitha

friend.Herwordsstillhurt：”Thetroublewithyouisthatyouwon*Iputyourselfinmy

place.CanJtyouseethingsfrommypointofview?”Ishookmyheadstubbornly—andfeltthe

acheinmytooth.I,dthoughtIcouldholdouttillmydentistcamebackfromholiday,butthepain

wasreallyunbearable.!startedcallingthedentistsinthephonebook,butnoonecouldseeme

immediately.Finally,ataboutlunchtime,Igotlucky.

uIfyoucbyrightnow>“thereceptionistsaid,44thedentistwillfityouin.,,

Itookmypurseandkeysandrushedtomycar.ButsuddenlyIbegantodoubtaboutthe

dentist.Whaikindofdentistwouldbesoeagertotreatsomeoneatsuchshortnotice?Whywasn't

heasbusyastheothers?

Inthedentist?soffice?Isatdownandlookedaround!sawnothingbutthebarewallsandI

becameevenmoreworried.Theassistantnoticedmynervousnessandplacedherwarmhandover

myice-coldone.

WhenItoldhermyfears,shelaughedandsaid,"Don'tworry.Thedentistisverygood.M

“HowlongdoIhavetowaitforhim?”Iaskedimpatiently.

“con,heising.Justliedownandrelax.Andenjoytheartwork,“theassistantsaid.

uTheartwork?”Iwaspuzzled.

Thechairwentback.SuddenlyIsmiled.Therewasabeautifulpicture,rightwhere,1could

enjoyit：ontheceiling.Howconsideratethedentistwas!Atthatmoment,Ibegantounderstandwhat

myfriendmeantbyherwords.

Whatarelief!（2013?重慶，A）

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sfeelingthatmorning?

A.Cheerful.B.Nervous.

C.Satisfied.D.Upset.

答案D

解析推理判斷題。從第一段中的adisaster,aching,hurt等字眼，我們可以推斷出那天

早晨作者的感覺是upset（煩惱的、生氣的）。

2.Wha（madetheauthorbegintodoubtaboutthedentist?

A.Thedentist'sagreeingtotreatheratveryshortnotice.

B?Thedentist'sbeingasbusyastheotherdentists.

C.Thesurroundingsofthedentist,soffice.

D.Thelaughingassistantofthedentist.

答案A

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButsuddenlyIbegantodoubtaboutthedentist.What

kindofdentistwouldbesoeagertotreatsomeoneatsuchshortnotice?”可確定答案為A項。

3.Whydidtheauthorsuddenlysmile?

A.Becausethedentistcameatlast.

B.Becauseshesawapictureontheceiling.

C.Becauseshecouldrelaxinthechair.

D.Becausetheassistantkeptfortingher.

答案B

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的”...suddenlyIsmiled.Therewasabeautifulpicture,

rightwhereIcouldenjoyit:on（heceiling."可知,答案為B項。

4.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherexperiencemostprobably?

A.Strikewhiletheironishot.

B.Haveagoodwordforone'sfriend.

C.Putoneselfinother'sshoes.

D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

答案C

解析推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的"Atthatmoment,Ibegantounderstandwhatmy

frien.dmeantbyherwords.”及第一段中“我“朋友說的話“Thetroublewithyouisthatyou

wontpulyourselfinmyplace."可知，答案為C項。

B

Giventhatmanypeople,smoods（情緒）areregulatedbythechemicalactionofchocolate,it

wasprobablyonlyamatterof（imebeforesomebodymadethechocolateshopsimilar（oadrugstore

ofChinesemedicine.LookinglikeasettingfromthefilmCharlie&theChocolateFactory',

Singapore'sChocolateResearchFacility（CRF）hasover100varietiesofchocolates.Itsfounderis

ChrisLeewhogrewupathisparents,cornerstorewithonehandalmostalwaysinthejarof

sweets.

IftheCRFseemstobeasmartidea,that'sbecauseLeeisnotmerelyaseasonedsalesperson

butalsoheadofamarketingdepartmentthathasbusinessrelationswithbignamessuchasLevi's

andSony.Thatideasurelyresultsintheimaginationatworkwhenitestomakingdifferent

flavored（味道）chocolates.

TheCRF'sproduceis**green"，madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withthe

AlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries——withSichuanpepper,redbean（豆），

chccscandotherflavors—akodocswellandisfuntotastc.Andforchocolatesnobswhothinkthat

theyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolate（hanothers,theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfrom

Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.（2013?新課標全國I［，C）

5.Whatisgoodaboutchocolate?

A.Itservesasasuitablegift.

B.Itworksasaneffectivemedicine.

C.Ithelpsimprovethestateofmind.

D.Itstrengthensbusinessrelations.

答案C

解析細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一句"Giventhatmanypeople'smoods（情緒）arcregulatedby

thechemicalactionofchocolate...”可知，答案為C項。

6.WhyisChrisLeeabletodevelophisideaoftheCRF?

A.Heknowstheimportanceofresearch.

B.Helearnsfromshopsofsimilartypes.

C.Hehasthesupportofmanybignames.

D.Hehasalotofmarketingexperience.

答案D

解析細節(jié)理解題。由第二段可知，ChrisLee不僅是個老道的銷售人員，還是個銷售部的

主管，且該銷售部與知名品牌有工作聯(lián)系，可見ChrisLce的銷售經(jīng)驗豐富正是能發(fā)展他想

法的原因所在。

7.Whichlineof(heCRFproducesellsbest?

A.TheConnoisseurScries.

B.TheExoticSeries.

C.TheAlcoholSeries.

D.TheSichuanSeries.

答案C

解析細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句中的“...withtheAlcoholScriesbeingthemost

popular.n知正確答案為C項。

8.Thewordsuchocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho.

A.areparticularaboutchocolate

B.knowlittleaboutcocoabeans

C.lookdownuponothers

D.liketotrynewflavors

答案A

解析詞義猜測題。由第三段劃線詞所在句我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)who引導的從句正是對chocolate

snobs的解釋，即choco.atesnobs指那些自認為比他人更懂得巧克力的人。所以正確答案為

A項。

III.完成句子

I.Iwouldraiherresign」hantakepartinsuchadishonestactivity,becauseImustbeloyaltoall

thecustoniers.(resign)

我寧愿辭職也不參加這種不誠信的活動，因為我必須忠于所有顧客。

2.Thegirlisveryshy.Shccan'tstandbeingmadefunof.Otherwiseshemaydropoutof

school.(make)

那女孩很害羞，她不能容忍自己被嘲笑，不然她要退學。

3.Theboywasannoyedt。findtheyhadleftwithoutaword.Afteralltheyweregoodfriendsfora

fewyears.(annoy)

那男孩發(fā)現(xiàn)他們都不辭而別后很生氣。畢竟他們是多年的好朋友。

4.―Charlie>youhadbetterhave(hisnoveladaptedforchildren.(have)

—No,I'11doitmyselfinaweek,for1ambusywritingoneforadults.

——查理，你最好把這部小說改成兒童讀物。

——不，我一周后自己改編，我現(xiàn)在忙于寫一部成人小說。

5.Hedeliberatelyabsentedhimselffromthemeetingbecauseheknewwhathewou1d

putforwardmightberefused,(absent)

他故意不參加會議，因為他知道他的提議可能會遭到冷絕。

考點5細節(jié)理解之細節(jié)轉換與是非判斷題

【真題解密】

GeorgeGershwin,bomin1898,wasoneofAmerica*sgreatestposers.Hepublishedhisfirsi

songwhenhewaseighteenyearsold.Duringthenexttwentyyearshewrotemorethanfivehundred

songs.

ManyofGershwin,ssongswerefirstwrittenformusicalplaysperformedintheatresinNew

YorkCity.Theseplayswereapopularformofentertainmentinthe1920sand1930s.Manyofhis

songshaveremainedpopularasever.Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungandplayedinevery

possibleway—fromjazztocounlry.

Inthe1920stherewasadebateintheUnitedStatesaboutjazzmusic.Couldjazz,somepeople

asked,beconsideredseriousmusic?In1924jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaulWhiteman

decidedtoorganizeaspecialconcerttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic.Gershwinagreedtopose

somethingfortheconcertbeforeherealizedhehadjustafewweekstodoit.Andinthatshorttime,

heposedapiecefbrpianoandorchestrawhichhecalledRhapsodyinB/〃e.Gershwinhimselfplayed

thepianoattheconccrt.Thcaudiencewerethrilledwhentheyheardhisinusic.ltmadehim

world-famousandshowedthatjazzmusiccouldbebothseriousandpopular.

In1928,GershwinwenttoParis.Heappliedtostudyposition（作曲）withthewell-knownmusician

NadiaBoulanger,butsherejectedhim.Shewasafraidthatclassicalstudywouldruinhis

jazz-influcnccdstyle.Whilethere,GershwinwroteAnAmericaninP?m.Whcnitwasfirst

performed,crilics（評論家）weredividedoverthemusic.Somecalledithappyandfulloflife,to

othersitwassillyandboring.ButitquicklybecamepopularinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.ltstill

remainsoneofhismostfamousworks.

GeorgeGershwindiedin1937,justdaysafterdoctorslearnedhehadbraincancer.Hewasonly

thirty-nineyearsold.Newspapersallovertheworldrepurledhisdeathontheiffiontpages.People

mournedthelossofthemanandallthemusichemighthavestillwritten.

（2013?山東，B）

61.ManyofGershwin,smusicalworkswere?

A.writtenaboutNewYorkers

B.posedforPaulWhiteman

C.playedmainlyinthecountryside

D.performedinvariousways

答案D

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段末“Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungandplayedin

everypossibleway—fromjazztocountry.v其中“they”指代Gershwin'smusicalworks,

“ineverypossibleway"與variousways屬于同義替換，所以選D項。

62.WhatdoweknowabouttheconcertorganizedbyWhiteman?

A.Itattractedmorepeopletotheatres.

B.Itprovedjazzcouldbeseriousmusic.

C.ItmadeGershwinleaderoftheorchestra.

D.Itcausedadebateamongjazzmusicians.

答案B

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段第三句“hi1924jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaul

Whitemandecidedtoorganizeaspecialconcerttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic."其中

“showthatjazzwasseriousmusic”和B選項表達的是一個意思，所以選B項。

63.WhatdidGershwindoduringhisstayinParis?

A.Hecreatedoneofhisbestworks.

B.HestudiedwithNadiaBoulanger.

C.HearguedwithFrenchcritics.

D.Hechangedhismusicstyle.

答案A

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第四段最后一句"Itstillremainsoneofhismostfamous

works.”其中il指的就是AnAmericaninParisf"oneofhismostfamousworks”即A選項

中的oneofhisbestworkso

64.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.ManyofGershwin'sworkswerelost.

B.ThedeathofGershwinwaswidelyreported.

C.AconcertwasheldinmemoryofGershwin.

D.BraincancerresearchstartedafterGershwin'sdeath.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。原文最后一段第三句"Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeath

ontheirfrontpages.n即說明了B選項"ThedeathofGershwinwaswidelyreported.故B項

正確。其他選項均沒有涉及。

65.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGershwin?

A.Talentedandproductive.

B.Seriousandboring.

C.Popularandunhappy.

D.Friendlyandhonest.

答案A

解析細節(jié)理解題。從全文看，不可能用boring這樣帶有負面感情色彩的詞來形容這個人，

故B項錯誤；文中提到他popular,但沒有說他unhappy,故C項錯誤；friendly和honest

在文中沒有具體體現(xiàn)，沒有根據(jù)，故D項錯誤；A選項中talented有天分的，productive

多產(chǎn)的，準確地描述了Gershwin作為一個作曲室所具備的素質(zhì)。

【技巧歸納】

細節(jié)理解題也叫間接理解題，包括語意轉換題、圖文轉換題和是非判斷題。

(1)語意轉換題，需要將題目信息與原文相關信息進行語意上的轉換，兩者存在表述上的

差異。解答這類題目時可芍著問題，有針對性地掃讀全文，迅速鎖定相關語句，再對相關部

分進行分析對比，找出答案。

(2)圖文轉換題，在閱讀理解題中，有的圖表、圖畫出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題的正文中。在解答

這類題時，可采用“文字鎖定法”，找出描述圖形中的句段，采用按圖尋找答案的方法，按

圖索驥，圖文互相參照、互相驗證，便可確定正確答案。

(3)是非判斷題，采用對號入座法和排除法。對號入座法就是根據(jù)關鍵詞返回原文，找出

相關內(nèi)容，從中找出答案。正確答案與原文表述可能有出入，但意思一樣，萬變不離其宗。

排除法，針對是非判斷題口的“三錯一對”或“三對一錯”類試題，要求仔細閱讀文章，比

較選項與原文的異同，然后做出正確判斷。

嗓熱打鐵】

Howisitthatsiblings(兄弟姐妹)canturnoutsodifferently?Oneansweristhatinfacteach

siblinggrowsupinadifferentfamily.Thefirstbornis,forawhile,anonlychild,andthereforehas

apletelydifferentexperienceoftheparentsthanthosebornlater.Thenextchildis,forawhile,(he

youngest,untilthesituationischangedbyanewarrival.Themotherandfatherthemselvesare

changingandgrowinguptoo.Onesiblingmightliveinas:ableandclosefamilyinthefirstfew

years；anothermightberaisedinafamilycrisis,withadisappointedmotheroranangryfather.

Siblingpetitionwasidentifiedasanimportantshapingforceasearlyasin1918.Butmore

recently,researchershavefoundmanywaysinwhichbrothersandsistersarealastingforceineach

others,Hendersonsaysfirstbornchildrenpickupvocabularymorequicklythantheir

siblings.Thereasonfor(hismightbethatthelaterchildrenaren'tgetting(hesameone-on-onetime

withparents.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthattheyoungerchildrenhaveproblemswithlanguage

development.Later-bornsdon'tenjoythatmuchtalkingtimewithparents,butinsteadtheyhanest

lessonsfrombiggerbrothersandsisters,learningentirephrasesandgettinganunderstandingof

socialconceptssuchasthedifferencebetween"I"and"me".

ACambridgeUniversitystudyof140childrenfoundthatsiblingscreatedarichworldofplay

thathelpedthemgrowsocially.Love-haterelationshipsweremonamongthechildren.Eventhose

siblingswhofoughtthemosthadjustasmuchpositivemunicationastheothersiblingpairs.

Onewaychildrenseekmoreattentionfromparentsisbymakingthemselvesdifferentfrom

theirsiblings,particularlyiftheyarecloseinage.Researchershavefoundthatthefirsttwochildren

inafamilyaretypicallymoredifferentfromeachotherthanthesecondandthird.Girlswithbrothers

showtheirdifferencestoamaximumdegreebybeingmorefemininethangirlswithsisters.A2003

researchpaperstudiedadolescentsfrom185familiesover(woyears,finding(hatthosewhochanged

tomakethemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblingsweresuccessfulinincreasingtheamountofv/annth

theygainedfromtheirparents.(2012?湖北，D)

63.Theunderlinedpart4<inadifferentfamilyn(inPara.1)means"

A.inadifferentfamilyenvironment

B.inadifferentfamilytradition

C.indifferentfamilycrises

D.indifferentfamilies

答案A

解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第三、四句"Thefirstbornis,forawhile,anonlychild,...The

nexlchildis,forawhile,theyoungest,...”可知，這里指的是同一個家庭，在不同時期的

家庭環(huán)境，所以選A項。

64.Intermsoflanguagedevelopment?later-borns.

A.gettheirparents,individualguidance

B.learnalotfromtheireldersiblings

C.experiencealotofdifficulties

D.pickupwordsmorequickly

答案B

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“...butinsteadtheyharvestlessonsfrombigger

brothersandsisters..可知，他們從大帚哥大姐姐那里學習。所以選B項。

65.Whatwasfoundaboutfightsamongsiblings?

A.Siblingshatedfightingandlovedplaying.

B.Siblingsinsomefamiliesfoughtfrequently.

C.Siblingfightsledtobadsiblingrelationships.

D.Siblingslearnedtogetontogetherfromfights.

答案D

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Eventhosesiblingswhofoughtthemosthadjust

asmuchpositivenmnicationastheothersiblingpairs.M可次□選D項。

66.Theword“feminine”(inPara.4)means"

A.havingqualitiesofparents

B.havingqualitiesofwomen

C.havingdefensivequalities

D.havingextraordinaryqualities

答案B

解析詞義猜測題。最后一段第一句為該段的主題句，由此可知孩子引起父母注意的一個

方式就是使自己與兄弟姐妹們不同。因此家中有兄弟的女孩會使自己與男孩不同以引起父

母的注意，這就使她們更加有女孩的品質(zhì)。所以選B項。

活頁練(十五)多項選擇+完形填空+閱讀理解+完成句子

I.多項選擇

i.Studyshowsthatthereisstrongbetweensmokingandlungdisease.

A.uoiincclionB.condition

C.organizationD.cooperation

答案A

解析connection聯(lián)系；condition條件；狀況；organization組織；cooperation合作。由句

意可知，A項為正確答案。

2.IhavebattledwithmyoverwhetherIshouldactuallysendtheletter.

A.mindB.awareness

C.conscienceD.consciousness

答案C

解析conscience良心；良知，符合句意。mind頭腦，智力；awareness覺察；consciousness

清醒狀態(tài)”知覺。

3.Hetrustsyou,soonlyyoucanhimtogiveupthatcrazyidea.

A.(emptB.persuade

C.adviseD.try

答案B

解析句意為：他信任你，所以只有你能說服他放棄那瘋狂的念頭。此處表示勸說成功，

故選B。tempt誘惑：advise建議：try試圖。

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