2025上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀練習(xí)及答案一、選詞填空（共10題，每題0.5分，共5分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeenaroundfordecades,butitsimplementationremainsachallenge.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Itinvolvesa__1__approachthatbalanceseconomicgrowth,socialwellbeing,andenvironmentalprotection.Oneofthekey__2__inachievingsustainabledevelopmentistheintegrationofthesethreepillars.Forexample,intheenergysector,traditionalfossilfuelshavelongbeenthemainsourceofpower.However,theirusehassignificant__3__impacts,suchasairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissions.Renewableenergysources,ontheotherhand,offeramoresustainablealternative.Solar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerarenotonlycleanbutalso__4__inthelongrun.Anotheraspectofsustainabledevelopmentisthepromotionofsustainableconsumptionandproductionpatterns.Thisrequiresconsumerstomakemore__5__choices.Forinstance,buyingproductswithminimalpackagingcanreducewaste.Similarly,industriesneedtoadoptmoreefficientproductionprocessesthatusefewerresourcesandgeneratelesspollution.Inaddition,sustainabledevelopmentalsoinvolves__6__socialissues.Thisincludesensuringaccesstoeducation,healthcare,andbasicservicesforallmembersofsociety.Byinvestinginhumancapital,countriescanimprovethequalityoflifefortheircitizensandcreateamore__7__society.Moreover,sustainabledevelopmentrequiresinternationalcooperation.Manyenvironmentalproblems,suchasclimatechange,are__8__innatureandcannotbesolvedbyindividualcountriesalone.Countriesneedtoworktogethertodevelopandimplementglobalsolutions.Finally,measuringandmonitoringprogresstowardssustainabledevelopmentiscrucial.Governmentsandorganizationsneedtoestablish__9__indicatorstotracktheirperformance.Thiswillhelpthemidentifyareasthatneedimprovementandmake__10__adjustmentstotheirpolicies.A)comprehensiveB)challengesC)environmentalD)economicalE)informedF)addressingG)equitableH)globalI)reliableJ)specificK)appropriateL)traditionalM)renewableN)significantO)integrating二、長篇閱讀（共10題，每題1分，共10分）Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheChangingLandscapeofGlobalFoodSecurityA)Foodsecurityhaslongbeenapressingissuearoundtheworld.Itreferstothestateinwhichallpeople,atalltimes,havephysical,social,andeconomicaccesstosufficient,safe,andnutritiousfoodthatmeetstheirdietaryneedsandfoodpreferencesforanactiveandhealthylife.Inrecentdecades,theglobalfoodsecuritysituationhasundergonesignificantchanges.B)Oneofthemajorfactorscontributingtothesechangesispopulationgrowth.Theworld'spopulationisexpectedtoreach9.7billionby2050.Thisrapidincreaseinpopulationputsimmensepressureontheglobalfoodsupply.Morefoodneedstobeproducedtofeedthegrowingnumberofpeople.Atthesametime,thedemandforhigherqualityandmorediversefoodisalsoincreasingaspeople'slivingstandardsimprove.C)Climatechangeisanothercrucialfactoraffectingfoodsecurity.Risingtemperatures,changingprecipitationpatterns,andmorefrequentextremeweathereventssuchasdroughts,floods,andstormsposesignificantthreatstoagriculturalproduction.Forexample,droughtscanreducecropyields,whilefloodscandamagefarmlandandinfrastructure.Inaddition,climatechangecanalsoleadtothespreadofpestsanddiseases,furtheraffectingfoodproduction.D)Technologicaladvancementshaveplayedadualroleinthechangingfoodsecuritylandscape.Ononehand,newtechnologiessuchasgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs),precisionagriculture,andverticalfarminghavethepotentialtoincreasefoodproduction.GMOscanbeengineeredtobemoreresistanttopests,diseases,andenvironmentalstresses,therebyincreasingyields.Precisionagricultureusessensorsanddataanalyticstooptimizefarmingpractices,reducingwasteandimprovingefficiency.Verticalfarmingallowsforyearroundcropproductioninurbanareas,makinguseoflimitedspace.E)Ontheotherhand,theadoptionofthesetechnologiesalsofaceschallenges.ThereareconcernsaboutthesafetyandenvironmentalimpactsofGMOs.SomeconsumersarereluctanttoacceptGMObasedproductsduetoperceivedhealthrisks.Inaddition,thehighcostofimplementingnewtechnologiescanbeabarrierforsmallscalefarmersindevelopingcountries.F)Changesindietarypatternsarealsohavinganimpactonfoodsecurity.Aspeoplebecomemoreaffluent,thereisagrowingtrendtowardsconsumingmoremeat,dairyproducts,andprocessedfoods.Thesetypesoffoodsgenerallyrequiremoreresourcestoproducecomparedtoplantbasedfoods.Forexample,producingonekilogramofbeefrequiresalargeamountofwater,land,andfeed.Thisshiftindietarypatternsputsadditionalpressureontheglobalfoodsupplyandnaturalresources.G)Anotheraspectofthechangingfoodsecuritylandscapeistheroleofinternationaltrade.Internationaltradecanhelptobalancefoodsupplyanddemandacrossdifferentregions.Countrieswithsurplusfoodcanexportittocountrieswithshortages.However,tradepoliciesandbarrierscanalsodisruptthesmoothflowoffood.Forexample,tariffs,quotas,andnontariffbarrierscanlimittheabilityofcountriestoaccesstheglobalfoodmarket.Inaddition,politicalinstabilityandconflictsinsomeregionscanalsoaffectfoodtrade.H)Foodwasteisasignificantproblemthatunderminesglobalfoodsecurity.Itisestimatedthataroundonethirdofallfoodproducedforhumanconsumptioniswasted.Foodwasteoccursatvariousstagesofthefoodsupplychain,fromproductionandprocessingtodistributionandconsumption.Reducingfoodwastecansignificantlyincreasetheamountofavailablefoodandreducethepressureontheenvironment.I)Toaddressthechallengesoffoodsecurity,governments,internationalorganizations,andtheprivatesectorneedtotakeacomprehensiveapproach.Thisincludesinvestinginagriculturalresearchanddevelopmenttoimproveproductivity,promotingsustainableagriculturalpractices,andsupportingsmallscalefarmers.Inaddition,effortsshouldbemadetoraiseawarenessabouttheimportanceofreducingfoodwasteandadoptingmoresustainabledietarypatterns.J)Finally,educationandcapacitybuildingarecrucialforensuringfoodsecurity.Byprovidingeducationandtrainingtofarmers,theycanlearnaboutnewtechnologiesandsustainablefarmingpractices.Inaddition,educatingconsumersaboutfoodsecurityissuesandsustainableconsumptioncanalsoleadtomoreinformedchoices.11.Risingtemperaturesandchangingprecipitationpatternsduetoclimatechangeposesignificantthreatstoagriculturalproduction.12.Theshifttowardsconsumingmoremeat,dairyproducts,andprocessedfoodsputsadditionalpressureontheglobalfoodsupplyandnaturalresources.13.Internationaltradecanbalancefoodsupplyanddemandacrossregions,buttradepoliciesandbarrierscandisrupttheflowoffood.14.Foodwasteoccursatmultiplestagesofthefoodsupplychainandunderminesglobalfoodsecurity.15.Theworld'spopulationgrowthby2050willputgreatpressureontheglobalfoodsupply.16.NewtechnologieslikeGMOsandprecisionagriculturehavethepotentialtoincreasefoodproductionbutfacechallengesinadoption.17.Totacklefoodsecuritychallenges,acomprehensiveapproachinvolvingmultiplesectorsisneeded.18.Educatingfarmersandconsumersisessentialforensuringfoodsecurity.19.Producingonekilogramofbeefrequiresalargeamountofwater,land,andfeed.20.Aroundonethirdofallfoodproducedforhumanconsumptioniswasted.三、仔細閱讀（共10題，每題2分，共20分）PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thegigeconomyhasemergedasasignificantpartofthemodernlabormarket.Itreferstoalabormarketcharacterizedbytheprevalenceofshorttermcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Inthegigeconomy,workersareoftenreferredtoas"gigworkers"or"independentcontractors."Oneofthemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitoffers.Gigworkershavethefreedomtochoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Thisisparticularlyappealingtoindividualswhohaveothercommitments,suchasstudents,parents,orthosewithhealthissues.Forexample,astudentcantakeongigsduringtheirfreetimetoearnsomeextramoneywithoutinterferingwiththeirstudies.Anotherbenefitisthepotentialforhigherearnings.Somegigworkers,especiallythosewithspecializedskills,canchargepremiumratesfortheirservices.Forinstance,afreelancegraphicdesignerwithahighendportfoliocanearnmoreperprojectcomparedtoafulltimegraphicdesignerinatraditionalcompany.However,thegigeconomyalsohasitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemajorconcernsisjobsecurity.Gigworkersdonothavethesamelevelofjobsecurityaspermanentemployees.Theyareoftenatthemercyofmarketdemandandmayexperienceperiodsofunemployment.Forexample,agigworkerintheeventplanningindustrymayhavealotofworkduringthepeakeventseasonbutverylittleduringtheoffseason.Inaddition,gigworkersusuallydonotreceivethesamebenefitsaspermanentemployees.Theytypicallydonothaveaccesstohealthinsurance,paidleave,orretirementplans.Thislackofbenefitscanputgigworkersatadisadvantage,especiallyinthelongrun.Moreover,thegigeconomycanleadtoalackofcareerdevelopmentopportunities.Sincegigworkersareoftenworkingonshorttermprojects,theymaynothavethechancetobuildalongtermcareerwithinasingleorganization.Thiscanmakeitdifficultforthemtogainthenecessaryexperienceandskillsforcareeradvancement.Finally,thegigeconomycanalsocontributetoincomeinequality.Whilesomegigworkerswithhighindemandskillscanearnagoodincome,manyothersstruggletomakeendsmeet.Thegapbetweenhighearninggigworkersandlowearninggigworkerscanbesignificant.21.Whatisthegigeconomy?A)Alabormarketwithonlyshorttermcontracts.B)Alabormarketcharacterizedbyshorttermcontractsorfreelancework.C)Alabormarketwhereallworkersareindependentcontractors.D)Alabormarketthatoffersnopermanentjobs.22.Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthegigeconomy?A)Highjobsecurity.B)Comprehensivebenefits.C)Flexibilityinwork.D)Guaranteedcareerdevelopment.23.Whydosomegigworkerswithspecializedskillshavethepotentialforhigherearnings?A)Theyworklongerhours.B)Theycanchargepremiumratesfortheirservices.C)Theyaremoreexperiencedthanpermanentemployees.D)Theyhaveaccesstobetterresources.24.Whatisoneofthemajorconcernsaboutthegigeconomy?A)Highincomeforallworkers.B)Goodcareerdevelopmentopportunities.C)Lackofjobsecurity.D)Equalpayforallworkers.25.Howdoesthegigeconomycontributetoincomeinequality?A)Allgigworkersearnthesameamount.B)Highearninggigworkersandlowearninggigworkershaveasignificantgapinincome.C)Gigworkersearnmorethanpermanentemployees.D)Thereisnoincomeinequalityinthegigeconomy.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.Oneofthemostsignificantaspectsofthisrevolutionistheriseofsocialmedia.SocialmediaplatformssuchasFacebook,Twitter,andInstagramhavebillionsofusersworldwide.Socialmediahashadaprofoundimpactonsociety.Onthepositiveside,ithasmadeiteasierforpeopletoconnectwitheachother.Peoplecanstayintouchwithfriendsandfamilywholivefaraway,sharetheirexperiences,andbuildnewrelationships.Forexample,apersonlivingabroadcanusesocialmediatokeepintouchwiththeirhometownfriendsandrelatives.Inaddition,socialmediahasbecomeapowerfultoolforinformationdissemination.Newsandinformationcanspreadrapidlythroughsocialmediaplatforms.Thishasmadeiteasierforpeopletostayinformedaboutcurrenteventsaroundtheworld.Forinstance,duringanaturaldisaster,socialmediacanbeusedtosharerealtimeupdatesandemergencyinformation.Moreover,socialmediahasprovidedaplatformforsocialactivism.Ithasenabledpeopletoraiseawarenessaboutsocialissues,organizeprotests,andadvocateforchange.Forexample,theMeToomovementgainedsignificantmomentumthroughsocialmedia,whichhelpedtoexposesexualharassmentandassaultcases.However,socialmediaalsohasitsnegativeaspects.Oneofthemainconcernsisthespreadofmisinformation.Falsenewsandrumorscanspreadlikewildfireonsocialmedia,leadingtoconfusionandpanic.Forexample,duringanelection,falseinformationaboutcandidatescanbespreadtoinfluencetheoutcome.Anotherproblemistheimpactonmentalhealth.Excessiveuseofsocialmediahasbeenlinkedtofeelingsofanxiety,depression,andlowselfesteem.Peopleoftencomparethemselvestoothersonsocialmediaandmayfeelinadequatewhentheyseeothers'seeminglyperfectlives.Inaddition,socialmediacanalsoleadtoprivacyissues.Usersmayunknowinglysharepersonalinformationonsocialmediaplatforms,whichcanbemisusedbythirdparties.Forexample,auser'slocationdatamaybecollectedandsoldtoadvertiserswithouttheirknowledge.Finally,socialmediacanhaveanegativeimpactonfacetofacecommunication.Peoplemaybecomesoaddictedtotheirsocialmediaaccountsthattheyneglectreallifeinteractions.Thiscanleadtoadecreaseinsocialskillsandasenseofisolation.26.Whatisoneofthemostsignificantaspectsofthedigitalrevolution?A)Theriseofecommerce.B)Thedevelopmentofmobilephones.C)Theriseofsocialmedia.D)Theimprovementofinternetspeed.27.Howhassocialmediamadeiteasierforpeopletostayinformed?A)Byprovidingfreenewssubscriptions.B)Byspreadingnewsandinformationrapidly.C)Byhostingnewschannelsontheplatforms.D)Byhiringprofessionaljournalists.28.Whatisoneofthenegativeaspectsofsocialmedia?A)Ithelpstoraiseawarenessaboutsocialissues.B)Itenablespeopletoconnectwithfriendsandfamily.C)Itspreadsmisinformation.D)Itprovidesaplatformforsocialactivism.29.Whycanexcessiveuseofsocialmediaaffectmentalhealth?A)Becauseitexposespeopletotoomuchnews.B)Becausepeopleoftencomparethemselvestoothersandfeelinadequate.C)Becauseitrequiresalotoftimeandenergy.D)Becauseitcanleadtoprivacyissues.30.Whatistheimpactofsocialmediaonfacetofacecommunication?A)Itimprovesfacetofacecommunicationskills.B)Ithasnoimpactonfacetofacecommunication.C)Itleadstoadecreaseinfacetofacecommunicationandsocialskills.D)Itencouragesmorefacetofaceinteractions.答案及解析一、選詞填空1.A：根據(jù)后文“balanceseconomicgrowth,socialwellbeing,andenvironmentalprotection”可知，可持續(xù)發(fā)展需要一種全面的方法，“comprehensive”表示“全面的，綜合的”，符合語境。2.B：由后文描述可知，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨著諸多困難，“challenges”表示“挑戰(zhàn)”，符合文意。3.C：根據(jù)“airpollutionandgreenhousegasemissions”可知，傳統(tǒng)化石燃料的使用對環(huán)境有重大影響，“environmental”表示“環(huán)境的”，正確。4.D：可再生能源不僅清潔，從長遠來看還經(jīng)濟實惠，“economical”表示“經(jīng)濟的，節(jié)約的”，符合題意。5.E：促進可持續(xù)消費和生產(chǎn)模式需要消費者做出更明智的選擇，“informed”表示“明智的，有見識的”，合適。6.F：可持續(xù)發(fā)展還涉及解決社會問題，“addressing”表示“處理，解決”，符合語境。7.G：通過投資人力資本，國家可以創(chuàng)造一個更公平的社會，“equitable”表示“公平的，公正的”，正確。8.H：許多環(huán)境問題是全球性的，單個國家無法獨自解決，“global”表示“全球的”，符合文意。9.J：政府和組織需要建立具體的指標來跟蹤進展，“specific”表示“具體的”，合適。10.K：這有助于他們識別需要改進的領(lǐng)域并對政策做出適當?shù)恼{(diào)整，“appropriate”表示“適當?shù)摹?，符合語境。二、長篇閱讀11.C：該段明確提到“Risingtemperatures,changingprecipitationpatterns,andmorefrequentextremeweathereventssuchasdroughts,floods,andstormsposesignificantthreatstoagriculturalproduction”，與題目內(nèi)容相符。12.F：段落中指出“Aspeoplebecomemoreaffluent,thereisagrowingtrendtowardsconsumingmoremeat,dairyproducts,andprocessedfoods.Thesetypesoffoodsgenerallyrequiremoreresourcestoproducecomparedtoplantbasedfoods...Thisshiftindietarypatternsputsadditionalpressureontheglobalfoodsupplyandnaturalresources”，與題目表述一致。13.G：“Internationaltradecanhelptobalancefoodsupplyanddemandacrossdifferentregions...However,tradepoliciesandbarrierscanalsodisruptthesmoothflowoffood”，與題目信息匹配。14.H：“Foodwasteoccursatvariousstagesofthefoodsupplychain,fromproductionandprocessingtodistributionandconsumption.Reducingfoodwastecansignificantlyincreasetheamountofavailablefoodandreducethepressureontheenvironment”，說明了食物浪費在供應(yīng)鏈各階段出現(xiàn)并影響糧食安全，與題目對應(yīng)。15.B：“Theworld'spopulationisexpectedtoreach9.7billionby2050.Thisrapidincreaseinpopulationputsimmensepressureontheglobalfoodsupply”，體現(xiàn)了人口增長對全球糧食供應(yīng)的壓力，與題目一致。16.D和E：D段提到新科技如轉(zhuǎn)基因生物和精準農(nóng)業(yè)有增加糧食產(chǎn)量的潛力，E段指出這些技術(shù)在采用方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)，與題目內(nèi)容相符。17.I：“Toaddressthechallengesoffoodsecurity,governments,internationalorganizations,andtheprivatesectorneedtotakeacomprehensiveapproach”，與題目表述一致。18.J：“Finally,educationandcapacitybuildingarecrucialforensuringfoodsecurity.Byprovidingeducationandtrainingtocatingconsumersaboutfoodsecurityissuesandsustainableconsumptioncanalsoleadtomoreinformedchoices”，表明教育農(nóng)民和消費者對保障糧食安全至關(guān)重要，與題目相符。19.F：“Forexample,producingonekilogramofbeefrequiresalargeamountofwater,land,andfeed”，與題目信息一致。20.H：“Itisestimatedthataroundonethirdofallfood