易錯點11閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題

目錄

01易錯陷阱（3大陷阱）

02舉一反三

【易錯點提醒一】原詞再現易混易錯點

【易錯點提醒二】張冠李戴易混易錯點

【易錯點提醒三】無中生有易混易錯點

03易錯題通關

易錯陷阱1：原詞再現易混易錯點。

【分析】選項內容部分是文章，實則部分正確或部分錯誤，考生對具體信息的內容記憶不全，對這樣的試

題缺少足夠的判斷，錯選選項。

易錯陷阱2：張冠李戴易混易錯點。

【分析】這里的”張冠李戴”指的是把文中作者的觀點與他人的觀點混淆在一起，比如題干問的是作者的觀

點，選項陳述的是他人的觀點，把兩個信息點故意錯誤地混合在一起，考生很容易因為粗心或沒有看懂原

文而做出錯誤的選擇。

易錯陷阱3：無中生有易混易錯點。

【分析】在意思上，但與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。對于這樣的選項，考試容易在沒有充分理解文章信

息的情況下憑主觀臆斷答錯題。

【易錯點提醒一】原詞再現易混易錯點

【例1】（24-25高三上·河北滄州·階段練習）

Inthehalf-centurysincethescalefirstappeared,landandoceantemperatureshavesteadilyrisenasaresult

ofgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Hurricaneshavebecomemoreintense,withstrongerwindsandheavier

rainfall.

Withdisastrousstormsregularlyblowingpast157mph,somescientistsargue,theSaffir-Simpsonscaleno

longerconveysthethreatthebiggesthurricanespresent.ThestrongesthurricanerecordedoverthePacificOcean

hasasustainedwindof215mph.“That’sfasterthanaracingcar.It’sanewanddangerousworld,”saidMichaelF.

Wehner,aco-authorofaCategory6paper.

“TheSaffir-Simpsonscaleisnotallthatgoodforwarningthepublicofthedangerofastorm,”Wehnersaid.

Thecategoryscalemeasuresonlysustainedwindspeeds,whichisjustoneofthethreatsamajorstormpresents.

Therestarestormsurges(風暴潮),floodingandbigtides.

ButtheNationalHurricaneCenterhasnoplanstointroduceaCategory6,primarilybecauseitisalready

trying“tonotemphasizethescaleverymuch,”saidBrennan,theNationalHurricaneCenterdirector.Other

meteorologistssaidthat’stherightcall.“Idon’tseethevalueinitatthistime.”

WhydoesWehnersuggestanewratingsystem?

A．Todescribemoreintensehurricanes.

B．Tocontrolgreenhousegasemissions.

C．Toavoidthethreatofhurricanestimely.

D．Tobetterunderstandthenatureofhurricanes.

【變式1】（24-25高三上·湖南長沙·階段練習）Todotheanalysis,Edwincategorizedthecognitivedemandsof

305occupationsinNorway.Morecognitivelydemandingjobswerenotbasedonroutinetasks,eventhough

repetitionwasrequiredattimes.“Therewerelawyers,doctors,accountants,andpeopleinpublicserviceinthis

group,butthemostcommonoccupationwasteaching,”Edwinsaid,“aseffectivecommunicationoutsideofthe

classroomandschoolmatters.Italwaysdependsonteachers’understandingsofstudents’differentsituationsand

teachers’empathy.”

Whatmakesteachingacognitivelydemandingjob?

A．Thecompletelackofrepetitivetasks.

B．Thenumberofstudentsandparents.

C．Theharmoniousrelationshipitcreates.

D．Theemotionallaboritinvolves.

【易錯點提醒二】張冠李戴易混易錯點

【例2】（2025·貴州遵義·一模）Formillionsofyears,bees,mothsandotherpollinatorshaveusedscents(香氣)to

locateflowersandtransferpollen(花粉)toanyflowerstheylatervisit.Butsomethingischangingtoday.When

thescentsofflowersinteractwithcertainairpollutants(污染物)atnight,keyscentsaredestroyed.Mothsand

othernighttimepollinatorsmayfindithardtorecognizetheflowerstheywereseeking,researchersshow.

Whydomothshavetroublefindingoutflowerstoday?

A．Flowers’scentsinterruptmoth.B．Pollutantsaffectflowers’scents.

C．Flowersarenotavailableatnight.D．Flowersarechangingtheirscents.

【變式1】（24-25高三上·湖南長沙·階段練習）In2023-2024,“sport”hunterslegallyshotandkilledfive

elephantsinnorthernTanzania.Thetargetedelephantswereamongthelargest,oldestbullsfromthecross-border

populationstudiedbyKenya’s51-yearAmboseliElephantResearchProject,thelongeststudyofelephantsinthe

world.UnlikeinTanzania,huntingelephantshasbeenbannedinKenyafor50years.Untilnow,exceptfor

huntingin1994,permittedhuntersinTanzaniahavenottargetedthispopulation,whichisknownasoneofthelast

genepoolsforenormousivory(象牙)andthesourceofthelargesttusks(長牙)evercollected.Movingforward,

Tanzaniashouldstopissuinghuntingpermitsthatleadtothekillingofthesecross-borderelephants.

Becauseittakesabout35yearsforamaleelephanttoattainthesizeandexperiencetobreedannually,the

majorityofcalvesarefatheredbythesamefewoldermalessoughtbyhunters.Theseolderanimalsalsoformthe

corestructureofmalesociety,initiatingandcoordinatingthemovementsandactivitiesofcloselybonded

individuals.Studiedsincetheirbirthsinthe1970sand1980s,thebullelephantskilledwerenotfrightenedby

vehiclesholdingtouristsorresearchers,makingthemeasytargetsforhunters.

WhatdoweknowabouttheelephantskilledinTanzania?

A．Theywerethelargestandoldestbulls.

B．Theywereeasilyscaredoffbytourists.

C．Theywerestudiedwhengrowntoalargesize.

D．Theywereknownfortheirlargeivoryandtusks.

【易錯點提醒三】無中生有易混易錯點

【例2】（2025·貴州遵義·一模）Themostobviousdifferencebetweenlisteningtomusicandplayingitisthatthe

latterrequiresfinemotorskills,whicharecontrolledinbothhemispheres(半球)ofthebrain.Italsocombinesthe

linguisticandmathematicalaccuracy,inwhichthelefthemisphereismoreinvolved,withthenovelandcreative

contentthattherightexcelsin.

Inwhatwayisplayingmusicdifferentfromlisteningtomusic?

A．Itrarelydependsonmotorskills.B．Itawakensmostofthebrainareas.

C．Itusesbothhemispheresofthebrain.D．Itconnectsnovelandcreativecontent.

【變式1】（24-25高三上·四川綿陽·階段練習）Wouldyouliketospiceupyourdailyroutine?Schoolclubsare

anawesomewaytofocusonyourinterestswhilealsoprovidingamuch-neededbreakfromhomeworkand

studying.Evenifyourschooldoesn’toffermanydifferentclubs,youmaystillbeinluck.Aslongasyou’re

willingtoputthework,youcanstartaclubofyourveryown.

Createaclubthatmatchesyourinterests.

Yournewclubcanbejustaboutanything,aslongasitdoesn’tbreakyourschool’srules.Youmightstartasports

club,likebadmintonorultimatefrisbee,oranacademic-themedclub,likeModelUN,mocktrial,orchess.You

couldevenfocusonareallyspecificinterest,likeanime,gaming,orgardening.Chooseatopicthatreallyappeals

toyou,andthatotherstudentsmightbeinterestedinjoining.

Whatistheaimoftheschoolclubs?

A．Todevelopyourpeopleskills.B．Tobreakyourdailyroutine.

C．Topromoteyouracademicperformance.D．Toofferyourelieffromyourstudies.

（24-25高三上·湖北·階段練習）Batteriesaregettingsmaller,lighterandmorepowerful.Somepersonal

electronics,forexample,suchasfitnesstrackersthatmonitorhealthconditionsorbrain-computerimplantsthat

decodeneuralsignalstocontrolelectronicprosthetic(義肢的)devices,requiremoreclosecontact.

Beingunabletoflexasskinandtissuedoesmakesbatteriesbothunreliableanduncomfortabletowear.A

numberofapproachesarethereforebeingtakentoproduceflexiblebatteries,amongwhichthemostpromising,

though,arewater-basedbatteriesinspiredbythewayanelectriceel(鰻)storesitscharge.

AgroupattheUniversityofCambridgehasusedtheeel’stechniquetocomeupwithwhatitcalls“jelly

batteries”.Thesearemadefromhydrogels(水凝膠)thatconsistoforganicpolymersthatcontainover60%water.

Whereasmostbatteriesexperiencealossofconductivityifthematerialisbentorstretched,ajellybatterycanbe

stretcheduptoone-and-a-halftimesitslengthwithnopowerloss.

1．Whatdrivespeopletoproduceflexiblebatteries?

A．Popularityofwearabledevices.B．Inspirationfrombiologicalnature.

C．Limitationsoftraditionalbatteries.D．Higherrequirementtoclosecontact.

2．Whatmakesajellybatterysoftandflexible?

A．Itscomponent.B．Itsconductivity.C．Itsstructure.D．Itsconcentration.

（24-25高三上·福建福州·階段練習）“Therearefewthingsmoredelightfulthanseeingachild’seyes

lightupastheypickupapresentandwonderwhatmightbeinside,”saysChazFirestone,anassistantprofessorof

psychologicalscience,“Whatourworkshowsisthatyourmindisabletotracktheinformationtheyareseeking.

Justasthey,mightbeabletotellwhat’sinsidetheboxbyshakingitaround,youcantellwhattheyaretryingto

figureoutwhentheyshakeit.”

Ateamofresearchersrecentlyconductedafascinatingstudytolookintothesciencebehindthis

present-guessingphenomenon.Theyasked500volunteerstowatchtwovideos,eachshowingsomeoneshakinga

boxofobjectswithdifferentintentions.Inonevideo,thepersonwasattemptingtodeterminethenumberofitems

insidethebox,whileintheother,theyaimedtoidentifytheshapesoftheobjects.Surprisingly,withinafew

seconds,thestudyparticipantswereabletoaccuratelydeterminetheintentionbehindeachshake.

Accordingtotheresearchers,thisabilitytoquicklydistinguishthepurposebehindashakeinvolves

numerousmentalcalculationsandobservationsofsubtle(細微的)cuestounderstandwhatsomeoneistryingto

learnfromtheirsurroundings.Yet,weseemtodoiteasily.“Thewayyouwouldshakeapresenttofindoutifit’s

onethingormanythings,orifit’sasmallthingorabigthing,canbesubtlydifferent,”saysSholeiCroom,a

graduatestudent.“Butpeopleareamazingatpickinguponsuchdifferences.”

1．Whatdidtheparticipantsdointheexperiment?

A．Reporttheiropinionsonvideos.B．Ident?fyvariousshakingways.

C．Inferthemeaningoftheshaking.D．Guessthecontentsinthebox.

2．Theabilitythatpeoplecanrevealthepurposeofsubtlemovementsisbasedon______.

A．thecomprehensionofsmallcluesB．thequickerreactiontomovements

C．thesurroundingspeopleareinD．thepredictionofthenextmove

（24-25高三上·福建福州·階段練習）Formorethan200yearsancientbuildingshavebeenreconstructed.

ReasonsforthereconstructionofRomanarchitectureinparticulararemany.Peopleliketobesurroundedby

reconstructionsofancientruins,wheretheycanlearninanaccurateandrealmannerthatissimilartoina

museum.

InReconstructionsofAncientRomanArchitecture,AnitaRieche,anarchaeologistbyprofessionwhohas

anin-depthunderstandingofthistopic,presentsalongseriesofRomanbuildingreconstructions.Inthe

introduction,shedividesthesereconstructionsintogroupsanddealswiththemultiplefactorsinfluencingthem.

Thisisveryhelpfultothereadersasitenablesthemtodistinguishthe1:1reconstructedmodelsfromtheoriginal

buildings.Thereaderwillalsobetterunderstandtheintentionsbehindandproblemsthathappenedduringthe

establishmentofreconstructedancientbuildings.

1．WhatcanweknowaboutthereconstructionofRomanbuildings?

A．Itappliesthelatesttechnology.B．Ithelpspeoplelearninarealway.

C．Ithasbeenconductedfordecades.D．Ithasthesamefunctionasmuseums.

2．Howdoesthebookhelpreadersunderstandreconstructedancientbuildings?

A．Byrankingthem.

B．Byintroducingtheirstories.

C．Bycomparingthemwithoriginalones.

D．Bygroupingthemandanalyzinginfluentialfactors.

（24-25高三上·江西·階段練習）Oneday,Meiwashomealonewhenhernewelderlyneighborvisitedand

handedheraboxofweddingcandies.Meirefused,sayingshewasonadiet,buttheladysuggestedgivingthemto

thekids.Unwillingly,Meiacceptedthecandies.Afteranawkwardchat,theladyleft.Meifelttheladywasmean

forgivingawayunwantedcandies.

Lessthanhalfanhourlater,someoneknockedatMei’sdoor.Throughthepeephole(窺視孔),Meifoundit

wasalsothelady.Shewasstillholdingaboxofcandies.Itseemedshewouldn’tstopuntilshehadgivenawayall

theoldcandies.Thistime,Meididn’topenthedoorandpretendednoonewashome.Soon,thelady’ssonarrived

andsaid,“Mom,you’veknockedondoorsallthewayhere!Everyoneisatwork.Nooneishome.Let’sgoback.”

WhatmadeMeifeeluncomfortableabouttheelderlyneighbor?

A．Thelady’smeanattitudetowardsMei.

B．Mei’shealthydietdisturbedbythelady.

C．Mei’sthoughtthatthecandieswereunneeded.

D．Thelady’sinsistenceongivingcandiestothekids.

（24-25高三上·遼寧·階段練習）Twoyearsago,mysonsatmedownforatalk.“Mom,it’stime,”hesaid.

“Hearmeout:It’stimewegotactualTV.AndyouneedaniPhone.”

Thisfunnyconversationtwoyearsagomarkedachangeinourrelationship.Perhapsforthefirsttime,I

begantoreallylistentoJohn’sopinionaboutourhometechnology.Sincehisreasoningwassoundandhis

suggestionswerewithinbudget,Itookhisadviceandwaspleasantlysurprisedwiththeresults.

I’dknownforawhilethatmysonunderstandstechnologybetterthanIdo.Onairplanes,hegrabbedmy

phonetoputitinairplanemode.Hewiredthespeakersinourhouse.Aftersomethingwasstolenfromourfront

yard,hepickedout,setup,andnowmonitorsoursecuritycamera.Whenmycomputerdied,Itookhimshopping

withme.

Hehasabusysociallife,withskateboarding,basketball,andonlinegaming.Iseeourtimetogether

reducingandoursharedinterestsshrinking.That’swhyIjumpedatthechancewhenafriendmentionedwriting

technologyreviews.WhenIpresentedtheideatomyteen,heimmediatelyaccepted.

It’schangedourrelationshipinsurprisingways.Whereheusedtogetannoyedquicklyatmytechnical

ignorance,he’slearnedtobemorepatientandexplainthingstomeinawaythatIcanconveytoanequally

unknowingaudience.Theparent-childdynamicisnotonlychanged;it’sevenslightlyreversed(顛倒).He’s

leadingme.I’maskinghimforhelpandadvice.

Mysonhasrisentotheoccasion.He’stakingitseriously,andtowatchhimmatureinthiswayisanhonor.

Assomeonenotmuchofareader,henowsearchesinstructionbooklets.Withoutanyprompting,he’seven

emailedandcalled—yes,madeanactualphonecall—tocustomerserviceortechsupportwhenproducts

weren’tworkingasexpected.

Ineverimaginedbeingatechreviewer,butit’sprovedtobeavaluablewaytolearnfrom,workwith,and

enjoytimewithmyteen.

1．WhatdoestheauthorsayabouthersoninParagraph3?

A．Heisskilledattechnology.B．Heleadsaverybusylife.

C．Hetriestomakepeacewithher.D．Hehelpswithhousework.

2．Whatmadetheauthorfeelhonored?

A．Herson’spatiencetoexplaintechnicalthings.B．Herson’scontroloftheparent-childdynamic.

C．Herson’scarefulattitudetowardsthereviews.D．Herson’srichknowledgeoftechnicalterms.

（24-25高三上·吉林長春·階段練習）Itisnomysterythatlearningaforeignlanguagecanbedaunting.I

especiallyfeltthiswaywhencomingtoChina.Tome,learningChineseandbecomingfluentinthelanguagewas

nearlyimpossiblebymyself,soIdecidedtotakeaChineseclassinSuzhou.

UponresearchinglanguageschoolsinSuzhou,Ifirstchoseaschoolwithaffordableprices.However,after

studyingthereforafewmonths,IstillfeltunabletocommunicateeventhoughIcouldunderstandbasicgrammar

andhadmemorizedmountainsofvocabulary.IalsofoundthatIwashavingmuchtroublewithtones,soeven

whenIspoke,Iwashardlyunderstood.SoIdecidedtopartwayswiththeschoolandturntoonlineCourses.

Ilovetolearnatmyownpaceandit’saneffectivewaytolearnalanguage.Basically,IlearnChineseby

watchingChinesevideosonmanywebsitescombinedwithreadingalotofChinesebooks.Additionally,online

conversationswithnativespeakersarealsohelpful.

Thereisaninteractive(互動的)processintheonlinecourse.I’mnotdoingaboringsinglelearning.My

courseinstructorisveryprofessionalandalwaysprovidesfeedback(反饋)regardingmyperformanceinclassand

hashelpedmewithpronunciation.ShehasalsogivenmetipsfordailylifeandculturalinsightsintolifeinChina.

EveryclassbringsnewinsightsintolifeinChinaandIalwaysleaveclassfeelingabitmorefluentthanthelast.

InowfeelmoreconfidentinChinese.AfterthreemonthsIamalreadyabletoorderfood,havebasic

conversationswithlocalsandusethetransportationtoolstogetaroundChina.I’mlookingforwardtomyfuture

progress.

LearningChineseisanecessarytoolforanyforeigneroriented(面向)towardsChina.Whetheryouare

lookingtoliveinChina,dobusinessinChinaorevenlearnmoreaboutChineseculture,Irecommendthatyou

startyournewjourneybylearningChinese.

1．Whatmadetheauthordecidetotakeonlinecourses?

A．Hisownstronginterestinonlinelearning.

B．HishighcostsinlearningChineseatschool.

C．Hispoorunderstandingoflocals’spokenChinese.

D．Hislittleprogressinspokenlanguageattheschool.

2．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A．ItiseasytolearnaboutChineseculture.B．Chineseisreallyworthyofbeinglearnt.

C．Itiscrucialtobeconfidentinlearninglanguage.D．Chineseisamust-havetoolforforeigners.

（24-25高三上·吉林長春·階段練習）WithBritain’spersistentlywetweather,holdinganumbrellaover

one’sheadcanoftenleadtoapainfularm,butaninventor,whoisalsoanetizen,mayhaveasolution—aflying

umbrellathatfollowstheuseraroundintherain.

Thehomemadedeviceincludesanadaptedyellowshop-boughtumbrellaand3Dprintedcomponentswith

propellers(螺旋槳)ontheend.Thenewinventionistheworkofanengineerbehindthe“IBuildStuff”online

channel.Theyoungengineerpointsoutthatotherattemptshavebeenmadetomakeaflyingumbrellainthepast.

Butthey’vegonewronglargelybecausethepropellershavebeeninthewrongplace—attachedtothehandleor

abovethecanopy(遮篷),whichleavesnospacefortheairtoflow.

Therefore,forhisflyingumbrella,heattachedthepropellerssothattheywerestickingoutfromthesidesof

thecanopy.ItincludesacentralX-shapedframeoffourarmsmadeoutofcarbonfibre,whichisbothstrongand

light.Eachofthearmshasapropellerandmotorattheend,makingthedevicelooklikeacrossbetweenan

umbrellaandadrone.

Buildingthedevicetookmonthsandincludedamajorsetbackduetobadlysoldered(焊接)wires,but

eventuallyitwasreadyforatestrun.“Thisthingactuallyshieldsmefromtherain…itwasn’trainingthathard,

butIthinkthisthingcanstandmuchharsherconditions,justprobablynotstrongerwinds,”hesays.

Unfortunately,theuserstillhastocontroltheumbrellawithatwo-handedremotetoensureitstaysabove

thehead—leavinglittleroomtocarryyourshopping.However,theinventornowplansonmakingabetter

version.“InthefutureIcouldattachacameratotheundersideandwriteaprogrammethattracksmypositionand

movesmyumbrellaaccordingly,”headds.

1．Whydidtheinventordeveloptheflyingumbrella?

A．Toshowhisengineeringskills.B．Toreducearms’painonrainydays.

C．Toattendtheonlinechannel.D．Tofacilitatepeople’sdailytravel.

2．Whatmadetheinventionoftheflyingumbrellapossible?

A．Investmentinadvancedequipment.B．Guidancefromexperiencedengineers.

C．Lessonsfromthepreviousfailures.D．Improvementofpropellers’quality.

3．Whatcanweexpectoftheflyingumbrellasinthefuture?

A．Itcanhelpcarrysomegoods.B．Itcanreplacethetraditionalumbrella.

C．Itcanresiststrongerwinds.D．Itcantrackpeopleautomatically.

（24-25高三上·遼寧·階段練習）Antaretica(南極洲)isthecoldestplaceonEarth.It’salsothedriest.With

annualrainfallclosetozero,Antareticaistechnicallyadesert.Coveringabout14millionsquarekilometers

aroundtheSouthPole,itisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.Ahighmountainrange,theTrans-Antarctic

range,runsfromeasttowest,cuttingthecontinentintwo.Therearevolcanoestoo,buttheyarenotveryactive.

Antarcticaholds90%oftheworld’sice,andmostofitsfreshwater(70%)isinafrozenstate,ofcourse.98%of

thesurfaceiscoveredpermanentlyintheicecap.Onaverageitistwokilometersthick,butinsomeplacesit

reachesadepthoffivekilometers.Strongw