單元語法專練(被動語態(tài))(分值：94.5分)授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書67頁Ⅰ.把下面各句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動語態(tài)的句子(每空2分，滿分10分)1．MissLicanmakeherclasslivelyandinteresting,soherstudentsrespecther.→MissLicanmakeherclasslivelyandinteresting,soshe________________byherstudents.答案：isrespected2．Inordertostopairpollution,thegovernmenthastakenalotofmeasures.→Alotofmeasures________________bythegovernmentinordertostopairpollution.答案：havebeentaken3．PeoplerefertoCaliforniaastheGoldenState.→California________________astheGoldenStatebypeople.答案：isreferredto4．Don'tbenervous,andtheywilltellyouwheretosit.→Don'tbenervous,andyou________________wheretositbythem.答案：willbetold5．Wearediscussinghowtospendthesummerholidaysnow.→Howtospendthesummerholidays________________byusnow.答案：isbeingdiscussedⅡ.單句語法填空(每空1分，滿分10分)在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．I________(amaze)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.答案：wasamazed解析：句意：當?shù)弥嵌螘r間一次飯也沒做過時，我很是震驚。根據(jù)后面的learnt可知，此處說的是過去的事，故用一般過去時，而I與amaze之間是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。2．Themerryartistwassurehewould________(choose).答案：bechosen解析：句意：那個心情愉悅的畫家確信他會被選中。從句中主語he與choose構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且would后跟動詞原形。故填bechosen。3．Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we________(invite)toattendtheDragon-BoatFestivalgathering.答案：wereinvited解析：句意：在我們?yōu)槠谝恢艿亩毫舻淖詈笠惶?，我們被邀請參加端午?jié)聚會。事情發(fā)生在過去，且主語we與動詞invite之間是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。4．—Hurryup!Thefilmisonfortenminutes.—OK.Butthebeginning________(miss).答案：hasbeenmissed解析：句意：“快點兒！電影已經(jīng)開演10分鐘了。”“好的。但是開頭部分已經(jīng)錯過了?！备鶕?jù)“Thefilmisonfortenminutes.”可判斷miss的動作發(fā)生在過去并持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在，且表示被動，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。5．Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.答案：isregarded解析：句意：現(xiàn)在，騎自行車與慢跑和游泳一起被認為是最好的全面鍛煉的形式之一。主語與regard構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系；alongwith連接的名詞(詞組)作主語時，謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)該與其前的名詞(詞組)保持一致，所以填isregarded。6．Theyhavemadeanefforttomakesurethat5Gterminals________(install)fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.答案：hadbeeninstalled解析：句意：他們努力確保在北京冬奧會之前為其安裝5G終端。表示過去某一時間前已經(jīng)完成的動作，用過去完成時；5Gterminals和install之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。7．Amyaswellasherbrothers,________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtotheweddinglastweek.答案：wasgiven解析：句意：當上周埃米和她的兄弟們回到婚禮上時，他們受到了熱烈的歡迎。根據(jù)lastweek可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時；AaswellasB作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由A決定。本句的主語是Amy，所以填wasgiven。8．Itisreportedthatthedriverswon'tgobacktoworkuntiltheirdemandsforbetterpay________(satisfy).答案：aresatisfied解析：句意：據(jù)報道，那些司機不會回去工作，直到他們(獲得)更高工資的要求被滿足。satisfyone'sdemands意為“滿足某人的要求”，從句的主語theirdemands與satisfy之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)；又因為until引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。9．Whenfatandsalt________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.答案：areremoved解析：句意：當脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉時，食物嘗起來就好像缺失了什么東西。分析句子成分可知fatandsalt和remove之間是被動關(guān)系，且脂肪和鹽分別是兩種東西，所以填areremoved。10．Mywashingmachine________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.答案：isbeingrepaired解析：洗衣機是被修理的，且由thisweek可知，洗衣機正在被修，因此用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。故答案為isbeingrepaired。Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容，用被動語態(tài)完成下列句子(每空2分，滿分20分)1．我是不會去的，除非受到邀請。(unless引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的省略)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Iwon'tgounlessinvited.解析：此處為狀語從句的省略，完整句子應(yīng)是“Iwon'tgounlessIaminvited.”。2．他妹妹在1998年離開了家，從那以后就沒了音訊。(hearof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hissisterlefthomein1998,andhasnotbeenheardofsincethen.解析：根據(jù)時間狀語sincethen以及主語與hearof構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。3．這些東西很暢銷，很快就賣完了。(sellout)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thesethingssoldwellandweresoldoutsoon.解析：主語thesethings與sellout構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。4．請你保持安靜好嗎？正在廣播新聞，我想聽聽。(broadcast)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?ThenewsisbeingbroadcastandIwanttolisten.解析：thenews與broadcast構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知正在廣播，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。5．關(guān)于怎樣學(xué)外語已經(jīng)說得夠多了。(enough)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Enoughhasbeensaidonhowtolearnforeignlanguages.解析：enough與say構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且助動詞用has。6．他不喜歡被嘲笑。(laughat)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hedislikesbeinglaughedat.解析：dislike后面接動詞時用動詞-ing形式，且主語he與laughat構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。7．自20世紀80年代以來，這個村莊里到處建起了樓房。(build,since)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Buildingshavebeenbuilteverywhereinthisvillagesincethe1980s/1980's.解析：根據(jù)since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語可知用現(xiàn)在完成時，又因為buildings和build構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。8．我們應(yīng)該采取措施禁止非法食用油流向餐桌。(情態(tài)動詞should)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Measuresshouldbetakentoforbidreturningillegalcookingoiltodinnertables.9．這個故事最后被翻譯成了英文。(translate)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Intheend,thestorywastranslatedintoEnglish.解析：thestory與translate構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知，動作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。10．這首歌非常值得聽。(beworthdoing)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thissongiswellworthlisteningto.解析：beworthdoing為主動形式表被動意義。Ⅳ.句式轉(zhuǎn)換(每空1分，滿分12分)1．Theybelievethatthemeetingisasuccess.→①It________________thatthemeetingis________.→②Themeeting________________asuccess.答案：①isbelieved;successful②isbelievedtobe2．Someonesaidthatthestorywasfalse.→①It________________thestorywasfalse.→②Thestory________________false.答案：①wassaidthat②wassaidtobe3．Peoplesaidthathehaddied.→①Itwassaidthathe________________．→②Hewassaid________________．答案：①haddied②tohavedied4．MysistertoldmethatMotherscoldedheryesterday.→Iwas________thatmysister________yesterday.答案：told;wasscolded5．Peoplereportthattheyhavetranslatedthebookintomanyforeignlanguages.→①It________________thatthebook________________intomanyforeignlanguages.→②Thebook______________________________intomanyforeignlanguages.答案：①isreported;hasbeentranslated②isreportedtohavebeentranslatedⅠ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)CelebratingtheHarvestAroundtheWorldAharvestfestivalisacelebrationofthefallmonthsandtheharvestthatoftenaccompaniesthesemonths.1(____)CanadaInCanada,peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving.2(____)TheEnglishexplorerMartinFrobishercameupontheland,searchingforthe“NewWorld”.AshearrivedinCanadain1578,hecelebratedsurvivingthelongjourneybyholdingaformalcelebrationandeatingsaltbeefandpeas.Today,ithasbecomearecognisedholidayinthecountrythatfallsonthesecondMondayinOctober.3(____)Oneofthehighlights(最精彩的部分)oftheholidayisabigThanksgivingDaymealwithfamily,whichusuallyincludesturkeyandbread,whicharepreparedandpresentedinauniqueCanadianway.TheUnitedKingdomHarvestfestivalactivitiesareconsideredaspecialtimeforcommunitiestocometogetherincelebration.Theharvestfestivalmaystartwithcarryingbasketsoffruitandvegetablestoalocalchurchwherepeoplesingpraisesongsforahealthyharvestwhileprayingforfutureharvests.4(____)Largedinnersmayalsobehostedwhereeachmemberbringsaspecialdishtosharewitheachother.ChinaIn2018,theFarmers'HarvestFestivalwaslaunchedinChina.It'sheldonthedayoftheautumnequinox(秋分),whichfallsroughlyonSept22or23.5(____)InJiaxing,ZhejiangProvince,farmersbrought100seedvarietiestothemainsiteoftheceremonyinNanhuDistrictandplacedtheminawalltomarktheachievementsoftheseedindustry.InHeilongjiangProvince,thefestivalwascombinedwithlocaltraditionsoftheDaur(達斡爾族)peopleandthelocalsdancedaroundbonfires.A．Thistraditionissaidtodatebacktothe16thcentury.B．Everyyear,arangeofeventsareorganisednationwide.C．Thesecelebrationstypicallyinvolvedancingandsinging.D．Thefoodsoftenfoundatthisfestivalareturkeyandbread.E．Manycountriescelebrateharvestfestivalsindifferentforms.F．Aspecialeffortmaybemadetogivefoodtothelessfortunate.G．OnThanksgiving,mostpeoplereturnhometogatherwiththeirfamily.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了加拿大、英國和中國的與豐收相關(guān)的節(jié)日。1．答案：E解析：根據(jù)文章標題以及第一句可知，文章與豐收的節(jié)日有關(guān)。根據(jù)下文各個小標題可知，文章將介紹三個國家慶祝豐收節(jié)的不同方式。E項(許多國家以不同的方式慶祝豐收節(jié))概括文章主題，引出下文的介紹。故選E項。2．答案：A解析：根據(jù)上文“InCanada,peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving.”可知，此處介紹加拿大人是在感恩節(jié)這天慶祝豐收，A項中的Thistradition指代上句中的“peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving”；下文“EnglishexplorerMartinFrobishercameupontheland,searchingforthe‘NewWorld’．”則解釋了這個傳統(tǒng)的淵源，呼應(yīng)了A項(這一傳統(tǒng)據(jù)說可追溯到16世紀)。故選A項。3．答案：G解析：根據(jù)上文可知，在感恩節(jié)慶祝豐收已經(jīng)成為全國性的活動；根據(jù)下文“OneofthehighlightsoftheholidayisabigThanksgivingDaymealwithfamily”可知，感恩節(jié)的習(xí)俗包括與家人一起吃一頓感恩節(jié)大餐。G項(在感恩節(jié)，大多數(shù)人回家與家人團聚)可以引出下文。故選G項。4．答案：F解析：根據(jù)空前一句可知，在豐收節(jié)，人們將很多食物帶到教堂；下文“Largedinnersmayalsobehostedwhereeachmemberbringsaspecialdishtosharewitheachother.”介紹人們也可能舉辦晚宴來分享食物。F項(人們可能會作出特別的努力，為那些不幸的人提供食物)與分享食物有關(guān)，符合語境。故選F項。5．答案：B解析：空后內(nèi)容對中國各地慶祝農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)的活動進行了舉例說明，B項(每年，一系列活動會在全國范圍內(nèi)舉辦)引出下文，符合語境。Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.Whenhegot__1__，herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop.Hinkstondecidedto__2__that.“Ialwaysdorandomactsof__3__，”Hinkstonsaid.“Forexample,whenIseea__4__person,I'llbuyhimajacketorfood.Ijustnever__5__aboutitonsocialmediabecausethat'snotthereasonwhyIdoit.Idoitfromthe__6__.”WhenHinkston__7__thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift,hewasgreetedbyPatriciaWilliamsandher8-year-oldgrandsonJeremiah.WilliamssaidJeremiahloves__8__andplaysitintheleagueinalocalchurch.“Thismanwasacomplete__9__”，Williamssaid.“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfelthewasanangel.”Hinkstonsaidhegot__10__too.“Jeremiahwasjumpingfor__11__andIwasdroppingtears，”Hinkstonsaid.“Itwasspecial.”Hinkstonsaidhehasstayedin__12__withthefamilyandplanstogobacktothehousetohelpthem__13__thebasketballhoop.His__14__dream，hesaid，istofunda__15__gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。DevinHinkston在開車路上看到一個男孩把垃圾桶當籃球筐用，于是喜歡做善事的他到男孩家里，為他送去了籃球筐，男孩和他的家人為此都很感動和高興。Hinkston還想將來資助一家非營利的體育館，讓孩子們放學(xué)后可以去那里活動。1．()A.fasterB．closerC．clearerD．sooner答案：B解析：根據(jù)下文的“herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop”可知，當Hinkston離得更近(closer)時，他意識到男孩是把垃圾桶當籃球筐用。2．()A.makeB．changeC．findD．get答案：B解析：根據(jù)下文的“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”可知，他想要改變(change)這一情況。3．()A.kindnessB．happinessC．freedomD．surprise答案：A解析：根據(jù)下文Hinkston舉例說自己給無家可歸的人買夾克衫或食物可知，他總是隨意做些善(kindness)舉。4．()A.luckyB．wealthyC．homelessD．careless答案：C解析：根據(jù)下文的“I'llbuyhimajacketorfood”可知，他是給無家可歸的(homeless)人買夾克衫或食物。5．()A.thinkB．a(chǎn)rgueC．complainD．post答案：D解析：根據(jù)下文的“aboutitonsocialmedia”可知，此處指在社交媒體上發(fā)布(post)自己的善舉。6．()A.heartB．beginningC．benefitD．young答案：A解析：上文提到Hinkston說自己不在社交媒體上發(fā)布自己所做的善舉，說明他的善舉不是為了博取關(guān)注，而是他發(fā)自內(nèi)心(heart)想要幫助他人。7．()A.leftB．passedbyC．reachedD．built答案：C解析：根據(jù)下文的“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”可知，他帶著籃球筐到(reached)男孩家里。8．()A.musicB．a(chǎn)thletesC．giftD．basketball答案：D解析：此處與上文的“aboyplayingbasketball”相呼應(yīng)，Jeremiah喜歡的是籃球。9．()A.helperB．supporterC．loserD．stranger答案：D解析：根據(jù)第一段中“DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.”可知，Hinkston是在開車路上看到男孩的，可見他們之間根本不認識，是陌生人(stranger)。10．()A.emotionalB．lostC．hopefulD．crazy答案：A解析：根據(jù)上文的“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfelthewasanangel.”以及下文“Iwasdroppingtears”可知，Williams開始哭泣，帶動得Hinkston也情緒激動(emotional)。11．()A.joyB．shockC．funD．wish答案：A解析：Hinkston給之前用垃圾桶當籃球筐的Jeremiah送來了籃球筐，所以Jeremiah的反應(yīng)應(yīng)當是高興(joy)。12．()A.moodB．lifeC．touchD．tension答案：C解析：根據(jù)下文的“withthefamilyandplanstogobacktothehousetohelpthem”可知，Hinkston一直和這家人保持聯(lián)系，stayintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系。13．()A.buyB．fitC．prepareD．break答案：B解析：根據(jù)下文thebasketballhoop可知，此處應(yīng)該是安裝籃球筐，fit最符合語境。14．()A.unrealisticB．earlyC．standardD．ultimate答案：D解析：unrealistic不切實際的；early早期的；standard標準的；ultimate最終的。根據(jù)下文的“gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool”可知，Hinkston的終極夢想是為社區(qū)里的孩子們資助一家非營利的體育館，以便讓他們放學(xué)后可以在里面活動。15．()A.superB．non-profitC．splendidD．specia