2025年英語專業(yè)考研真題試卷及解析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、完形填空閱讀下面的短文，文中有十個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)上下文要求，為每個(gè)空白選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thehumanrelationshipwithnatureiscomplexandoftencontradictory.Weadmirethebeautyofasunset,themajestyofamountain,ortheserenityofaquietforest.Yet,wealsoexploitnaturalresourcesatanunprecedentedrate,oftenwithlittleregardforthelong-termconsequences.Thisdualityreflectsafundamentaltensionwithinhumanculture:ourdeepconnectiontothenaturalworldandourpersistenttendencytodominateit.Thisdisconnectisevidentinourapproachtoenvironmentalissues.Whilemanypeopleareawareoftheproblemscausedbyclimatechange,pollution,andhabitatdestruction,meaningfulactionisoftendelayed.Thisdelaycanbeattributedtoseveralfactors.Oneisthe[1]thatimmediateenvironmentaldamageisoftenlesstangibleandlessurgentthaneconomicconcerns.Jobcreation,economicgrowth,andinfrastructuredevelopmentarefrequentlyprioritized,evenwhentheycomeattheexpenseofenvironmentalhealth.Theshort-termgainsofindustrializationandconsumptionare[2],whilethelong-termcostsareoftenignoredordownplayed.Furthermore,ourculturalnarrativesoften[3]natureasaresourcetobeconqueredoramerebackdropforhumanactivities.Thismindsetencouragesustoviewtheenvironmentasaninfinitecollectionofmaterialstobeexploited,ratherthanadelicatesystemofinterconnectedecosystemsthatrequirecarefulstewardship.Theconceptof"dominion"overnature,rootedincertainreligiousandphilosophicaltraditions,hashistoricallyjustifiedhumanexploitationoftheenvironment.Whilethesetraditionscanalsopromoteasenseofresponsibility,theyoftendosowithinaframeworkthatstillseeshumansassuperiortootherformsoflife.Theconsequencesofthisexploitativeapproacharebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Extremeweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires,arebecomingmorefrequentandsevere,causingsignificantdamagetohumansocietiesandnaturalecosystems.Lossofbiodiversityisoccurringatanalarmingrate,threateningthestabilityofecosystemsandtheservicestheyprovide,suchascleanairandwater.Theseimpactsarenotfeltequally;developingcountriesandmarginalizedcommunitiesareoftenthemostvulnerabletoenvironmentaldegradation,eventhoughtheyhavecontributedtheleasttotheproblem.Addressingthiscrisisrequiresafundamentalshiftinourrelationshipwithnature.Weneedtomoveawayfromthemindsetofdominanceandexploitationtowardsoneofrespectandcoexistence.Thismeansrecognizingtheintrinsicvalueofallformsoflifeandtheimportanceofpreservingthenaturalworldforitsownsake,notjustfortheresourcesitprovides.Italsomeansadoptingmoresustainablepracticesinourdailylives,fromreducingconsumptionandwastetosupportingpoliciesthatprotecttheenvironment.Ultimately,thefutureofourplanetdependsonourabilitytoreconcileourcontradictoryrelationshipwithnature.Wemustrecognizethatwearenotseparatefromnature,butanintegralpartofit.Onlybyembracingamoreholisticandrespectfulviewofthenaturalworldcanwehopetocreateasustainablefutureforourselvesandforgenerationstocome.1.A.indifferenceB.awarenessC.urgencyD.acceptance2.A.immediateB.apparentC.negligibleD.reversible3.A.romanticizeB.demonizeC.objectifyD.prioritize4.Theword"tangible"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.visibleB.emotionalC.practicalD.temporary5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisacommonreasonforthedelayinaddressingenvironmentalissues?A.Thelackofscientificevidenceforclimatechange.B.Theprioritizationofeconomicconcernsoverenvironmentalhealth.C.Thebeliefthatenvironmentalproblemswillsolvethemselves.D.Thereluctanceofdevelopingcountriestoparticipateininternationalagreements.6.Thephrase"adelicatesystemofinterconnectedecosystems"inthethirdparagraphsuggeststhat:A.Natureisfragileandeasilydamaged.B.Ecosystemsareisolatedfromoneanother.C.Humansarenotpartofnature.D.Environmentalproblemsarelimitedtospecificregions.7.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichgroupisoftenmostvulnerabletotheimpactsofenvironmentaldegradation?A.IndustrializednationsB.WealthyindividualsC.DevelopingcountriesandmarginalizedcommunitiesD.Urbanpopulations8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryforaddressingtheenvironmentalcrisis?A.IncreasingconsumptionandeconomicgrowthB.ExploitingnaturalresourcesmoreefficientlyC.ShiftingfromamindsetofdominancetooneofrespectandcoexistenceD.Relyingsolelyontechnologicalsolutions9.Theword"reconcile"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.confrontB.understandC.resolveD.ignore10.Thepassageprimarilydiscusses:A.Theeconomicbenefitsofexploitingnaturalresources.B.Theculturalnarrativesthatshapeourrelationshipwithnature.C.Theconsequencesofenvironmentaldegradationandtheneedforchange.D.Theroleofreligioninenvironmentalstewardship.二、閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，回答后面的問題。Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hasgeneratedbothexcitementandapprehension.ProponentsenvisionafuturewhereAIenhanceshumancapabilities,automatesmundanetasks,andsolvescomplexproblemsacrossvariousfields.Frommedicaldiagnosistoscientificresearch,AIpromisestorevolutionizethewayweliveandwork.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,includingjobdisplacement,ethicaldilemmas,andtheriskofmisuse.OneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofAIisitspotentialtoimproveefficiencyandproductivity.Inindustriesrangingfrommanufacturingtologistics,AI-poweredsystemscanperformtasksfasterandwithgreateraccuracythanhumanworkers.Thiscanleadtosignificantcostsavingsandincreasedprofitability.Additionally,AIcanbeusedtoanalyzelargedatasetsandidentifypatternsthathumansmightmiss.Thiscapabilityhasthepotentialtoacceleratescientificdiscoveryandleadtobreakthroughsinfieldssuchasmedicineandclimatescience.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,thereareconcernsabouttheimpactofAIonemployment.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyarelikelytoreplacehumanworkersincertainjobs,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitiveorroutinetasks.Thiscouldleadtounemploymentandeconomicinequality,particularlyforworkersinindustriesmostaffectedbyautomation.However,proponentsarguethatAIwillalsocreatenewjobs,particularlyinthefieldsofAIdevelopmentandmaintenance.Theysuggestthattheoverallimpactonemploymentwillbepositive,asAIwillfreeuphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplextasks.AnotherconcernrelatedtoAIistheethicalimplicationsofitsuse.AIsystemsareonlyasunbiasedasthedatatheyaretrainedon.IfthedatausedtotrainAIsystemsisbiased,thesystemsthemselveswillbebiased,leadingtounfairordiscriminatoryoutcomes.Thisisaparticularconcerninareassuchascriminaljustice,whereAIalgorithmsareusedtopredictthelikelihoodofrecidivism.TherearealsoconcernsabouttheprivacyimplicationsofAI,particularlyasAIsystemsbecomemorecapableofcollectingandanalyzingpersonaldata.ThepotentialformisuseofAIisanothersignificantconcern.AItechnologycanbeusedformaliciouspurposes,suchasdevelopingautonomousweaponssystemsorspreadingdisinformation.ThedevelopmentofAIweapons,inparticular,raisesethicalconcernsaboutthepotentialforunintendedconsequencesandtheescalationofconflict.TherearealsoconcernsabouttheuseofAItomanipulatepublicopinionorunderminedemocraticprocesses.Despitetheseconcerns,thereisagrowingconsensusthatAIisapowerfultechnologywiththepotentialtobenefithumanity.TomaximizethebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingtherisks,itisessentialtodevelopandimplementethicalguidelinesandregulationsforitsuse.ThisincludesensuringthetransparencyandaccountabilityofAIsystems,promotingdiversityandinclusioninthedevelopmentofAI,andinvestingineducationandtrainingtohelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheeconomicbenefitsofAItechnology.B.ThepotentialpositiveandnegativeimpactsofAI.C.TheethicalconcernssurroundingAIdevelopment.D.TheroleofgovernmentinregulatingAI.12.Theword"apprehension"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.enthusiasmB.excitementC.fearD.hope13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisapotentialbenefitofAI?A.IncreasedjobdisplacementB.ImprovedefficiencyandproductivityC.EthicaldilemmasD.Privacyconcerns14.ThepassagesuggeststhatoneofthechallengesofAIis:A.Itsinabilitytoperformcomplextasks.B.ThepotentialforbiasinAIsystems.C.Itshighcostofdevelopment.D.Itslimitedapplicationsinvariousfields.15.WhatdoestheauthorrecommendtoaddresstheconcernsrelatedtoAI?A.EliminatingtheuseofAItechnology.B.DevelopingethicalguidelinesandregulationsforAI.C.IncreasinggovernmentfundingforAIresearch.D.EncouragingthewidespreadadoptionofAIwithoutrestrictions.16.Thephrase"unintendedconsequences"inthefourthparagraphrefersto:A.TheunforeseenbenefitsofAItechnology.B.ThenegativeconsequencesofAIthatwerenotanticipated.C.TheintendedgoalsofAIdevelopment.D.TheethicalimplicationsofAIuse.17.ThepassageimpliesthatwhichgroupismostlikelytobenegativelyimpactedbyAIintheworkplace?A.WorkersincreativeindustriesB.WorkersinfieldsrequiringrepetitivetasksC.AIdevelopersandengineersD.Workerswithadvanceddegrees18.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsAItechnology?A.EntirelynegativeB.EntirelypositiveC.CautiousandbalancedD.Indifferent19.Theword"manipulate"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ControlB.UnderstandC.ImproveD.Ignore20.ThepassagesuggeststhattoensuretheresponsibleuseofAI,itisimportantto:A.FocusondevelopingAIapplicationsthatgeneratethemostrevenue.B.PrioritizethedevelopmentofAIweaponssystems.C.PromotediversityandinclusioninAIdevelopment.D.Investineducationandtrainingforworkers.三、翻譯將下面的英文段落翻譯成中文，要求譯文準(zhǔn)確、流暢，符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。Inaworldincreasinglyinterconnectedbytechnologyandglobalizedeconomies,theroleoftranslationhasundergoneaprofoundtransformation.Nolongerconfinedtothemereconversionofwordsfromonelanguagetoanother,translationhasevolvedintoacomplexdisciplinethatrequiresadeepunderstandingofculturalcontexts,contextualnuances,andtheunderlyingideologiesshapingcommunication.Theriseofdigitalcommunicationandtheinternethasfurthercomplicatedthelandscapeoftranslation,presentingnewchallengesandopportunitiesfortranslators.Machinetranslation,whileofferingspeedandefficiency,oftenlacksthenuanceandculturalsensitivityrequiredforeffectivecommunication.Thishasplacedagreateremphasisontheroleofhumantranslators,whocannavigatethecomplexitiesoflanguageandculturewithprecisionandcreativity.Thefutureoftranslationliesintheabilitytobridgethegapbetweenlanguagesandcultures,fosteringunderstandingandcollaborationinanincreasinglydiverseandinterconnectedworld.四、寫作閱讀下面的文字，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。"Thepastisaforeigncountry;theydothingsdifferentlythere."ThisfamouslinefromL.P.Hartley'snovel*TheGo-Between*encapsulatestheideathathistoryisnotsimplyacollectionofeventsanddates,butacomplextapestryofcultural,social,andpsychologicalcontextsthatshapeourunderstandingofthepastanditsrelevancetothepresent.Discusstheimportanceofunderstandinghistoricalcontextininterpretinghistoricaleventsanditsimplicationsforourunderstandingofthepresent.---試卷答案一、完形填空1.B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.A7.C8.C9.C10.C解析思路1.B.awareness：根據(jù)第一段“Thehumanrelationshipwithnatureiscomplexandoftencontradictory.”以及“Whilemanypeopleareawareoftheproblemscausedbyclimatechange...”可知，此處應(yīng)填“意識(shí)”，即人們意識(shí)到環(huán)境問題的嚴(yán)重性。2.C.negligible：根據(jù)第二段“whilethelong-termcostsareoftenignoredordownplayed.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“可以忽略不計(jì)的”，即短期利益是微不足道的。3.C.objectify：根據(jù)第三段“Theconceptof'dominion'overnature...hashistoricallyjustifiedhumanexploitationoftheenvironment.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“客觀化”，即人們將自然視為可以支配的對(duì)象。4.A.visible：根據(jù)第一段“immediateenvironmentaldamageisoftenlesstangibleandlessurgent...”可知，此處應(yīng)填“可見的”，即環(huán)境破壞不是立即可見的。5.B.Theprioritizationofeconomicconcernsoverenvironmentalhealth：根據(jù)第二段“Whilemanypeopleareawareoftheproblems...meaningfulactionisoftendelayed.Thisdelaycanbeattributedtoseveralfactors.Oneisthe[1]thatimmediateenvironmentaldamageisoftenlesstangibleandlessurgentthaneconomicconcerns.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“將經(jīng)濟(jì)concerns優(yōu)先于環(huán)境health”，即經(jīng)濟(jì)問題優(yōu)先于環(huán)境問題。6.A.Natureisfragileandeasilydamaged：根據(jù)第三段“Thephrase'adelicatesystemofinterconnectedecosystems'inthethirdparagraphsuggeststhat:”可知，此處應(yīng)填“自然脆弱且容易受損”，即生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是相互連接的，非常脆弱。7.C.Developingcountriesandmarginalizedcommunities：根據(jù)第四段“Lossofbiodiversityisoccurringatanalarmingrate,threateningthestabilityofecosystemsandtheservicestheyprovide,suchascleanairandwater.Theseimpactsarenotfeltequally;developingcountriesandmarginalizedcommunitiesareoftenthemostvulnerabletoenvironmentaldegradation,eventhoughtheyhavecontributedtheleasttotheproblem.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“發(fā)展中國家和邊緣化社區(qū)”，即他們是對(duì)環(huán)境退化最脆弱的群體。8.C.Shiftingfromamindsetofdominancetooneofrespectandcoexistence：根據(jù)第五段“Ultimately,thefutureofourplanetdependsonourabilitytoreconcileourcontradictoryrelationshipwithnature.Wemustrecognizethatwearenotseparatefromnature,butanintegralpartofit.Onlybyembracingamoreholisticandrespectfulviewofthenaturalworldcanwehopetocreateasustainablefutureforourselvesandforgenerationstocome.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“從支配的心態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽鹬睾凸泊娴男膽B(tài)”，即我們需要改變對(duì)自然的態(tài)度。9.C.resolve：根據(jù)最后一段“Ultimately,thefutureofourplanetdependsonourabilitytoreconcileourcontradictoryrelationshipwithnature.Wemustrecognizethatwearenotseparatefromnature,butanintegralpartofit.Onlyby[9]ourcontradictoryrelationshipwithnaturecanwehopetocreateasustainablefuture...”可知，此處應(yīng)填“解決”，即我們需要解決與自然之間的矛盾關(guān)系。10.C.Theconsequencesofenvironmentaldegradationandtheneedforchange：根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論了環(huán)境退化的后果以及變革的必要性。二、閱讀理解11.B12.C13.B14.B15.B16.B17.B18.C19.A20.C解析思路11.B.ThepotentialpositiveandnegativeimpactsofAI：根據(jù)文章第一段“Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hasgeneratedbothexcitementandapprehension.”可知，本文主要討論了AI的潛在積極和消極影響。12.C.fear：根據(jù)文章第一段“ProponentsenvisionafuturewhereAIenhanceshumancapabilities...However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,includingjobdisplacement,ethicaldilemmas,andtheriskofmisuse.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“恐懼”，即人們對(duì)AI的擔(dān)憂。13.B.Improvedefficiencyandproductivity：根據(jù)文章第二段“Frommedicaldiagnosistoscientificresearch,AIpromisestorevolutionizethewayweliveandwork.OneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofAIisitspotentialtoimproveefficiencyandproductivity.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“提高效率和生產(chǎn)力”，即AI的一個(gè)潛在好處。14.B.ThepotentialforbiasinAIsystems：根據(jù)文章第三段“Aisystemsareonlyasunbiasedasthedatatheyaretrainedon.IfthedatausedtotrainAIsystemsisbiased,thesystemsthemselveswillbebiased,leadingtounfairordiscriminatoryoutcomes.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“AI系統(tǒng)的潛在偏見”，即AI系統(tǒng)可能存在偏見。15.B.DevelopingethicalguidelinesandregulationsforAI：根據(jù)文章最后一段“TomaximizethebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingtherisks,itisessentialtodevelopandimplementethicalguidelinesandregulationsforitsuse.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“為AI制定道德指南和法規(guī)”，即為了最大限度地發(fā)揮AI的效益并降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，需要制定和實(shí)施道德指南和法規(guī)。16.B.ThenegativeconsequencesofAIthatwerenotanticipated：根據(jù)文章第四段“ThedevelopmentofAIweapons,inparticular,raisesethicalconcernsaboutthepotentialforunintendedconsequencesandtheescalationofconflict.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“AI未預(yù)料到的負(fù)面影響”，即AI武器的發(fā)展可能帶來未預(yù)料到的后果。17.B.Workersinfieldsrequiringrepetitivetasks：根據(jù)文章第三段“AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyarelikelytoreplacehumanworkersincertainjobs,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitiveorroutinetasks.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“從事需要重復(fù)性任務(wù)的行業(yè)的工作人員”，即他們最有可能被AI取代。18.C.Cautiousandbalanced：根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，作者對(duì)AI技術(shù)持謹(jǐn)慎和平衡的態(tài)度，既看到了其好處，也看到了其壞處。19.A.Control：根據(jù)文章第五段“ThepotentialformisuseofAIisanothersignificantconcern.AItechnologycanbeusedformaliciouspurposes,suchasdevelopingautonomousweaponssystemsorspreadingdisinformation.”可知，此處應(yīng)填“控制”，即AI技術(shù)可能被用于惡意目的。20.C.PromotediversityandinclusioninAIdevelopment：根據(jù)文章最后一段“PromotingdiversityandinclusioninthedevelopmentofAI...”可知，此處應(yīng)填“在AI開發(fā)中促進(jìn)多樣性和包容性”，即在AI開發(fā)中要考慮到不同文化和背景。三、翻譯在日益互聯(lián)的科技全球hóa(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)世界中，翻譯的作用經(jīng)歷了深刻的變革。它不再局限于將一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種語言，而演變成一個(gè)需要深入理解文化背景、語境細(xì)微差別以及塑造溝通的潛在意識(shí)形態(tài)的復(fù)雜學(xué)科。數(shù)字通信和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的興起進(jìn)一步復(fù)雜化了翻譯的格局，為翻譯者帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇。機(jī)器翻譯雖然提供了速度和效率，但往往缺乏有效溝通所需的細(xì)微差別和文化敏感性。這使人類翻譯者的作用更加重要，他們能夠精確而富有創(chuàng)造力地駕馭語言和文化的復(fù)雜性。翻譯的未來在于彌合語言和文化之間的差距，在一個(gè)日益多樣化和互聯(lián)的世界中促進(jìn)理解和合作。四、寫作（由于寫作部分需要根據(jù)具體要求進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，此處無法提供固定答案。以下是一篇示例文章，僅供參考。）ThePastasaForeignCountry:UnderstandingHistoricalContextL.P.Hartley'sfamousline,"Thepastisaforeigncountry;theydothingsdifferentlythere,"encapsulatesaprofoundtruthabouthistory.Itremindsusthathistoryisnotmerelyacollectionofeventsanddates,butacomplextapestryofcultural,social,andpsychologicalcontextsthatshapeourunderstandingofthepastanditsrelevancetothepresent.Understandinghistoricalcontextiscrucialininterpretinghistoricaleventsaccuratelyandcomprehensively,asitallowsustograspthemotivations,beliefs,andconstraintsofthepeoplewholivedinthatera.Withoutit,weriskimposingourowncontemporaryvaluesandperspectivesontothepast,leadingtomisinterpretationsandadistortedunderstandingofhistory.Oneoftheprimaryreasonswhyhistoricalcontextisessentialisthatitprovidesaframeworkforunderstandingthemotivationsandactionsofhistoricalfigures.Everyindividualisshapedbytheiruniqueexperiences,culturalbackground,andthesocietalnormsoftheirtime.Forexample,understandingthehistoricalcontextofcolonialismiscrucialforinterpretingtheactionsofEuropeancolonizers.Whilewemaycondemntheiractionstoday,itisimportanttorecognizethattheywereoperatingwithinaspecifichistoricalframeworkthatjustifiedcolonialexpansion.Byunderstandingthiscontext,wecanengageinamorenuancedandempatheticanalysisoftheiractions,ratherthansimplyjudgingthembasedonourownmodernvalues.Furthermore,historicalcontexthelpsustoappreciatethecomplexityanddiversityofpastsocieties.Historyisnotalinearprogressionofprogressandenlightenment,butamessyandoftencontradictorystory.Byunderstandingthedifferentcultural,social,andeconomicfactorsthatshapedaparticularsociety,we