專題09閱讀理解體裁與命題方向目錄TOC\o"12"\h\u考情分析與命題趨勢 1知識體系構(gòu)建 2考點(diǎn)精析與突破 3考點(diǎn)一：細(xì)節(jié)理解（重點(diǎn)） 3考點(diǎn)二：詞義猜測 7考點(diǎn)三：判斷推理（重點(diǎn)） 11考點(diǎn)四：主旨大意（難點(diǎn)） 16實(shí)戰(zhàn)精練與提升 20考情解讀一、考試要求上海高考英語閱讀理解要求考生讀懂書報(bào)雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)文段及公告、說明、廣告等各類文本，話題涵蓋科技、文化、歷史、環(huán)保、人物傳記等多個領(lǐng)域。理解文章主旨要義，如概括人工智能應(yīng)用及發(fā)展趨勢類文章的核心內(nèi)容；把握文中具體信息，像科技成果的特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)勢等；依據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語含義，例如通過語境猜測生僻科技詞匯；作出簡單判斷和推理，如判斷作者對某種現(xiàn)象的態(tài)度；理解文章基本結(jié)構(gòu)，如段落間的邏輯關(guān)系；領(lǐng)會作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，比如從論述方式和用詞中體會對文化現(xiàn)象的評價(jià)。涵蓋細(xì)節(jié)理解題（占比約50%，需精準(zhǔn)定位+同義轉(zhuǎn)換）、推理判斷題（基于文本邏輯合理推導(dǎo)）、主旨大意題（把握整體框架，可通過首尾段和各段首句歸納）、詞義猜測題（依托語境邏輯或構(gòu)詞法解題）等。，突出對考生思維能力的考查，文本呈現(xiàn)跨學(xué)科融合特點(diǎn)，如結(jié)合心理學(xué)與人工智能，同時融入時代性和中國文化元素，引導(dǎo)考生對社會、科技、文化等問題深入思考。二、命題分析語篇特征

類型多樣：涵蓋記敘文（成長敘事、跨文化交流）、說明文（科技前沿、生態(tài)保護(hù)）、議論文（社會議題思辨）、應(yīng)用文（廣告、報(bào)告摘要），近年新增多模態(tài)文本（如圖表結(jié)合文章）。

話題前沿：聚焦科技倫理（如AI情感計(jì)算）、傳統(tǒng)文化（非遺創(chuàng)新、海派文化）、社會熱點(diǎn)（教育公平、后疫情時代適應(yīng)），融入“元宇宙”“碳足跡”等新興議題上海市教育考試院。

長度與復(fù)雜度：單篇長度約300800詞，嵌套長難句（含3個以上從句），學(xué)術(shù)詞匯占比高（如四六級詞匯extinct、ecological），跨學(xué)科融合文本（如心理學(xué)+人工智能）要求多維度理解。核心考查

題型分布：細(xì)節(jié)理解題占比約50%（精準(zhǔn)定位+同義替換），推理判斷題約30%（邏輯推導(dǎo)，避免過度聯(lián)想），主旨大意題和詞義猜測題各占10%左右。

能力導(dǎo)向：

語言能力：詞匯深度（一詞多義、熟詞僻義）、長難句解構(gòu)（定語從句、非謂語作狀語）。

思維品質(zhì)：辯證分析（如科技發(fā)展利弊）、邏輯推理（如作者態(tài)度推斷）、批判性思維（如提煉正反觀點(diǎn)）。命題特色

立德樹人：滲透社會主義核心價(jià)值觀，如環(huán)保意識（量化碳足跡）、社會責(zé)任感（慈善事業(yè)決策）、科技興國（海草采礦技術(shù)）上海市教育考試院。

跨學(xué)科融合：文本涉及心理學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)、教育學(xué)等領(lǐng)域，如閱讀C篇探討“情感計(jì)算的倫理爭議”，要求綜合多學(xué)科知識分析。

思辨性與開放性：設(shè)問強(qiáng)調(diào)辯證思維（如“科技是否讓傳統(tǒng)技藝失去價(jià)值”），寫作題允許多角度切入（如“慢生活與快節(jié)奏平衡”）。

文化浸潤：融入中國傳統(tǒng)文化元素，引導(dǎo)文化傳承與國際視野結(jié)合?？键c(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題策略1．直接信息題2．間接信息題3．概括、歸納信息題細(xì)節(jié)題的破解一般采用尋讀法，即先看試題，再讀文章。對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位，再將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率，節(jié)省了寶貴的時間。尋讀法還特別適用于對圖形表格類題材的理解。做此類型的題目還要特別注意句子的邏輯關(guān)系?！镜淅饰觥俊?025屆上海市延安中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期三模英語試題】Theirangerabouthisworkspreadtheconversationtopeoplewhoanonymously(匿名地)anddeliberatelyseektoupsetothersandstartfightsonline—andonethingledtoanother,someofthembegantoabusemyfriendharshly.“Peoplearetellingmetokillmyself!”hetoldme,withdesperationinhisvoice.Hestartedworryingaboutbeingdoxed.“DoIneedprivatesecurity?MaybeIshouldmove.”O(jiān)utofcuriosity,Iaskedmyfriendhowmuchtimehewasthenspendingonsocialmedia,monitoringalltheabuse.“Prettymuchallday,”hesaid.Thismadesensetohimbecausehefelttheseverityofthesituationdemandedhisfullattention:Athreat’sathreat,right?Imadeonesimplesuggestion:Deletetheappsandstopinteractingwithsocialmediaforaweek.Hetookmyadvicereluctantly,butoverthenextfewdays,hestoppedthinkingaboutthetroublesomuch.Bythetimehereopenedtheapps,hefoundthosemeanguyshadlargelymovedontonewvictimsandtargets.1．Whatdidthoseopponentsoftheauthor’sfrienddo?A．Theyshowedastrongoppositionagainstthecontroversialtopic.B．Theyangrilyandpubliclyopposedthatfriend’sargument.C．Theydeliberatelyandsecretlytriggeredonlinefights.D．Theyresortedtomercilessbullyingofthatfriend.3．Whatdidthattargetedmandotosurvivetheattacks?A．Hetalkedwithhisfriends. B．Hemovedhouseimmediately.C．Heignoredtheabusetemporarily. D．Heopenedtheapponceeveryweek.（2025·上海靜安·二模）AndJuneau’snaturalcharm,withitsvariousscenicspots,isJuneau’sbiggestdrawingforceinvisitors’eyes.TheremarkableMendenhallGlacier—rockyenoughtofascinatehikers—isjustoneofJuneau’smanynaturalattractions.DuringtheMendenhallGlacierhike,you’repersonallyexperiencingwildwatersandsharpforestedslopes.Forhardcorehikers,itspullishardtoresist.1．WhichofthefollowingitemisJuneau’smajorsellingpointtovisitors?A．Culturalbackground. B．Developmenthistory.C．Naturalattraction. D．Climateadvantage.（2025·上海虹口·二模）dog...wtoy,thesizeofasmallsuitcase,dominatedtherestoftheChristmasholidays.Oncewehadmasteredthecontrols,werecordedanythingandeverything:eachother,ourparents,themilkman,thedog...andweveryquicklylearnedhowmuchfunwecouldhavewithit.Forthefirsttime,inthesamewaythatasightedchildmightreacttoseeingthemselvesinamirrororaphotograph,Igotthesenseofmyselfasaseparatepersonwhoexistedoutsidemyheadandwasexperiencedbyotherpeople.Itwasbothexcitingandembarrassing.3．Whatdidtherecorderenabletheboystodowhentheystartedtouseit?A．Maketheirownradioprogrammes.B．Discovermoreaboutthemselves.C．Pursueacareerinbroadcasting.D．Heareachothermoreclearly.（2025·上海徐匯·二模）Geology,thestudyofthestructureandformationoftheEarth,isthebabyofalltheothersciences.Untilparativelyrecently,scholarspaidlittleattentiontorocksandrockformations.Indeed,thewordgeologyonlyappearedintheEnglishlanguagein1735andtookanotherseventyorsoyearstoentergeneralusage.GeologymadeitsfirstappearanceintheEncyclopaediaBritannica(大英百科全書)inthe1810edition.Despitethisinclusion,thescienceofgeologyremainedlargelyignoreduntilmuchlaterinthecentury.1．Whendidtheword“geology”starttobemonlyusedintheEnglishlanguage?A．In1735. B．In1810. C．Around1805. D．Around1895.(2024·上海楊浦·一模）Arare765yearoldgoldcoinfoundonfarmlandinDevoninsouthwestEnglandisexpectedtosellforuptohalfamillionpoundsatauction.Itisbelievedthatthecoinwasmademorethan750yearsago,duringtheruleoftheEnglishKingHenryIII.Itisoneofonlyeightknowntoexist.FeaturingapictureofKingHenryIIIononesideandacrossandrosesontheother,thecoinisaround2.5centimetresacross.ItwasmadewithgoldthatcamefromnorthAfrica.ItwasfoundinSeptemberlastyearbyadetectorist(someonewholooksforitemsburiedundergroundusingametaldetector)inHemyockvillage.Thedetectoristhadnoideahowrarethecoinwasuntilhepostedaphotoofitonsocialmedia,whereitwasspottedbyahistoryexpert.ThecoinisespeciallyvaluablebecauseitwasoneofEngland’sfirstgoldcoins.Thecountry’scoinsweremadeofsilveruntilKingHenryIII,whoruledfrom1216untilhisdeathin1272,introducedgoldoneswithhispictureonthem.56.Thecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedis.①Thevalueofthecoinwasconfirmed.②Acoinwasunearthedinthefield.③ThecoinwasondisplayattheBritishMuseum.④Thecoinwasintendedforsale.⑤Thecoincaughttheattentionofahistoryexpert.A.①③②④ B.②⑤①④C.②①⑤④③ D.④②①③⑤考點(diǎn)二：詞義猜測題解題策略1.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測2.根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、派生等)進(jìn)行猜測4.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測5.根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測6.根據(jù)同義或近義關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測7.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測【典例剖析】【上海市靜安區(qū)20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語試題】Urbanplannerssaythismovement,organizedbyresidentsinsteadofgovernmentagencies,couldmake“aginginplace”safeandaffordableforamajorityofelderlypeople.Althoughnotthecureallforthosewithplicatedmedicalneeds,theapproachaddresseswhatexpertssaycanbeaprematuredecisionbyolderpeopletogiveuptheirhomesinresponsetorelativelysmallproblems.Asthesesmallproblemsmount,sometimesacpaniedbypressurefromadultchildren,theelderlyhomeowneriscaughtoffguard.Remainingathomewithoutsufficienthelpisfrightening.“Ifpeopledon’tfeelsooverpowered,theydon’thavetojumpatprecipitousdecisions.Actuallypracticeslikemovingintonursinghomesarehardtobereversed,”saidanexpert.7．Theunderlinedwordprecipitousinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.A．a(chǎn)lternative B．fake C．rushed D．joint（2025·上海閔行·二模）Pigeons’abilitytoreproduceyearroundleadstohighlynumerouspigeonsinthecity,whichisanissueforurbanwildlifemanagers.Althoughpigeonsaresociallypaired,theyliveingroupsofupto500birdsandthispersistentcongregationcancauseconsiderableconflictswithpeople.Toeaseconflictswithpigeons,managershaveusedseveralmethodstopreventpigeonpresenceorreducepigeonnumbers.Managershaveuseddeadlytoolssuchaspoisons.However,thisapproachtypicallydoesn’thavesustainedresultsbecausetheremainingpigeonsmultiplyrapidly.2．Theword“congregation”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto________.A．introduction B．gathering C．reproduction D．nesting3．Fromthesentence“typically...htypically...”inthelastparagraph,wecaninferthattheapproach________.A．needstobeusedrepeatedly B．isnoteffectiveinthelongrunC．reducespigeonnumbersgreatly D．workswhenpigeonsmultiply（2025年閔行一模）Everyyear,millionsoftonsofclothingarethrownaside,withalmosthalfofitendingupinlandfills.Andhere'sthekicker:mostofitbarelygetswornbeforeit'sthrownaway,thankstotheendlesscycleoffastfashion.Parkthought,“Icandobetterthanthis.”So,shepicturedanewkindofstore——onethatwouldn'tjustreducewastebutwouldalsoinspirepeopletomakesmarter,greenerchoices.37.Thephrase“thekicker”inparagraph2mostlikelymeans________.A.thepersonkickingthefootball B.somethingunexpectedandsurprisingC.themostexcitingpartofthesituation D.thereasonwhyfastfashionissuccessful（2025年嘉定一模）Islidintothecar,abittriumphant.Theroadslookedfine,Ithought,barelyaninchofsnow,Istartedthecarandpulledoutofthedriveway,feelingasurgeofindependence.ButasImademywaythroughtheneighborhood,theslipperyroadstestedmyconfidence.Onesharpturnlater,andfwasintrouble—thecarstartedtoskid.Itriedtoslowdown,butitwastoolate.Thecarslidrightintoasnowbank.37.Whatdoestheword“triumphant”(paragraph5)mostlikelymean?A.Amused. B.Proud. C.Embarrassed. D.Regretful.（2025年崇明一模）Thefindingsrevealadisconcertingdisparity:nationswithinthetropical(熱帶的)regions,whichhavecontributedleasttohistoricalcarbonemissions,arepredictedtosufferinelosses60%greaterthanthoseinhigherine,higheremissioncountries.Thishighlightsasignificantclimatejusticeissue,astheseleastdevelopednationspossessfewerresourcestoadapttoincreasingclimateimpacts.44.By“adisconcertingdisparity”inparagraph4,theauthormeans_____.A.poorcountriesleastresponsibleforemissionwillsuffermostineconomyB.itisprojectedthatpeopleintropicalcountrieswillearn60%lessby2050C.higherinecountriesarereluctanttoinvestinslowingglobalwarmingD.higheremissioncountriesaretryingtojustifytheirroleinclimateimpacts（2025年金山一模）JenniferBlackburnisa49yearoldwhohasfolloweddecadesoftryingdifferentdietsandmedicationsandfindinglittlesuccess.Inlate2022shestartedtakingOzempic,thediabetes(糖尿病)drugthathasbeesynonymouswithcelebrityweightloss.Theeffectislifechanging.43.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedphraseinparagraph1?A.bekeenon B.beequivalentto C.besuitablefor D.befamiliarwith考點(diǎn)三：判斷推理題解題策略推斷則是指通過對文章進(jìn)行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點(diǎn)。推理判斷題主要有以下幾種形式：細(xì)節(jié)推斷題、文章的來源或讀者對象推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題等。立足原文內(nèi)容：推理判斷必須以文章內(nèi)容為依據(jù)，不能脫離原文進(jìn)行主觀臆斷。仔細(xì)閱讀文章，理解文章的主題、結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié)信息，找出與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵部分。尋找線索和暗示：關(guān)注文章中的關(guān)鍵詞、連接詞、修辭手法等，這些可能是推理的重要線索。例如，“however”“therefore”等連接詞可以幫助我們理解作者的思路和觀點(diǎn)變化；比喻、象征等修辭手法可能暗示作者的情感傾向。分析邏輯關(guān)系：考慮文章中的因果、對比、類比等邏輯關(guān)系。如果文章提到某種現(xiàn)象是由某個原因引起的，那么在推理時可以依據(jù)這個因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行推斷；如果是對比不同事物的特點(diǎn)，就可以從對比中得出對這些事物的評價(jià)。排除干擾選項(xiàng)：對于不符合原文邏輯和信息的選項(xiàng)要果斷排除。有些選項(xiàng)可能本身內(nèi)容正確，但與題目要求的推理判斷無關(guān)；有些選項(xiàng)可能是過度推斷，超出了原文所提供的范圍?！镜淅饰觥俊?025屆上海市楊浦區(qū)復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三畢業(yè)考英語試題】Takecancertreatment.Inrecentyears,newdrugshaveemergedtocontrolthesideeffectsexperiencedbypeoplereceivingchemotherapy.ButDrSaunderssaysthatvomitingandnauseahavenotedownincancerpatientsbyasmuchasexpected.Sociallearningmayberesponsible.“They’llsay,theirmotherinlawhadchemotwentyyearsagoandshewasvomitingeverysingleday,”DrSaunderssays.“Thosekindsoflongheldbeliefsareinfluencingthemnow,eventhoughthemedicallandscapehaschanged.”16．CancertreatmentismentionedinPara.4toshow______.A．vomitingandnauseaaremonnegativeoutesB．thenoceboeffectcanleadtoharmfulresultsC．newdrugsareineffectiveincontrollingthesideeffectsD．themedicalindustryhasundergonegreatchanges（2025·上海虹口·二模）ItookmyfirststepsdownthepathtomycareerasabroadcasterwhenIreturnedtoschoolaftertheholidays.Iwasluckytobeinaclassofimaginativeandcreativeboyscrazyforrecorders,anditwasn’tlongbeforewestartedtomakeourownradioprogrammes.Iwouldwanderroundtheschoolwithmymicrophone,recordingmythoughtsinthestyleofthevoicesIheardontheradio.Tenyearslater,Idrewontheconfidencegainedfromthoseearlyinvolvementinsoundandwalkedintoaradiostation,inthehopesofsellingmyselfasabroadcastjournalist.Twentyfiveyearslater,IpresentedmyfirstreportforBBCTV’sSixO’ClockNews,aprogrammemydadhadnevermissed.Althoughbythenhe’dbeendeadformorethanadecade,Iliketothinkhe’dhaverealisedthathisinspiringChristmaspresenthadchangedmylife.4．Accordingtothepassage,howdidthetaperecorderchangetheauthor’slife?A．Itboostedtheauthor’sconfidenceinmunicatingwithpeople.B．Ithelpedtheauthordevelopacloserrelationshipwithhisfamily.C．Itmadetheauthormoreinterestedinlisteningtonewsreports.D．Itsparkedtheauthor’spassionforsoundandbroadcasting.（2025·上海奉賢·二模）Moreover,figuressuchasRomanYampolskiypointoutthatpredictingtheexacttimelineisextremelydifficultduetotheexceptionalnatureofthesingularityitself.Thedevelopmentsleadingtoasingularityinvolvemanyvariables,includingbreakthroughsinAIalgorithms,hardwarecapabilitiesandsocictalfactorsthatarehardtoforecastwithaccuracy.3．WhatbestdescribesRomanYampolskiy’sattitudetowardpredictingthesingularity?A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.（2025·上海楊浦·二模）SincetheIndustrialRevolution,everygenerationoffarmershashadtodealwiththetechnologicalchangesofthedayandtheyhavesuccessfullyadaptedtosurvive.Whoknows!AImaywellturnouttobejustthelatestinalonglineofchallengestobeembracedbyadaptableandspiritedfarmers.Andanythingthatsavesmetheworryofcheckingtheweatherforecastdayandnightduringharvestseasonmustbeagoodthing.4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheuseofAIinagriculture?A．Suspicious. B．Optimistic.C．Neutral. D．Concerned.（2025·上海閔行·二模）Beyondpractice,creativitygrowsinenvironmentsthatencourageexplorationandproblemsolving.Manybreakthroughsinmusic,science,andartdonotemergefromsuddeninspirationbutratherfromsustainedeffortandexperimentation.Aposermightspendweekstestingdifferentchord(和弦)progressionsbeforediscoveringauniquebination.Similarly,ascientistmayconductnumerousfailedexperimentsbeforeuncoveringagroundbreakingsolution.ThomasEdison,forexample,famouslysaidthathissuccesswasbuilton“1,000waysthatwon’twork”beforeinventingthelightbulb(燈泡).2．TheroleoftheexampleofThomasEdisoninparagraph3is_________.A．toillustratethatfailurecanleadtosuccessB．toshowthatperseveranceisessentialforcreativityC．toemphasizethatsuccessdependsontheinitialtalentD．toarguethatfailureisthemainsourceofcreativity（2025·上海長寧·二模）Inthisnewyear,insteadofmakingnewresolutionsthatyou’llprobablyabandonbyFebruary,whynotgiveRubin’sHappinessProjectatry?Itislikelythatyouwillthenseeanincreaseinyourownhappinessin2025andthehappinessyoubringtoothersaroundyou.4．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto____.A．describetheauthor’spersonaljourneyofselfdiscoveryB．inspirereaderstoseekhappinessasthebooksuggestsC．explaintheimportanceofsettinggoalsinlifeD．promotesalesofaparticularselfhelpbook考點(diǎn)四：主旨大意題解題策略1.主題類：文章大意題和段落大意題(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)2.標(biāo)題類：標(biāo)題判斷題（選擇最佳標(biāo)題）尋找主題句法位置判斷：主題句在文章中的位置通常有一定規(guī)律。大部分情況下，主題句出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭部分，開門見山地闡述文章主旨；有些文章主題句在結(jié)尾，起到總結(jié)全文的作用；還有少數(shù)文章主題句在中間，需要結(jié)合上下文來判斷。特點(diǎn)把握：主題句一般具有概括性強(qiáng)、涵蓋范圍廣的特點(diǎn)，能夠準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)文章或者段落的核心內(nèi)容。例如，在一篇講述環(huán)境保護(hù)措施的文章中，開頭的主題句可能是“Variouseffectivemeasureshavebeentakentoprotecttheenvironmentinrecentyears.”。歸納法細(xì)節(jié)整合：如果文章沒有明顯的主題句，就需要對文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。把各個段落的主要內(nèi)容提煉出來，尋找它們的共同點(diǎn)或者關(guān)聯(lián)點(diǎn)，從而概括出文章的主旨。注意事項(xiàng)：在歸納過程中，要避免遺漏重要信息，同時也要排除那些只涉及部分內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)。比如，一篇文章分別介紹了科技對教育、醫(yī)療和交通的積極影響，歸納主旨時就要涵蓋這三個方面，不能只強(qiáng)調(diào)其中一個領(lǐng)域。關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞法高頻詞識別：注意文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞。這些關(guān)鍵詞往往與文章的主題密切相關(guān)。例如，一篇文章多次出現(xiàn)“AI（人工智能）”“machinelearning（機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)）”“bigdata（大數(shù)據(jù)）”等詞匯，那么文章主旨很可能是關(guān)于人工智能技術(shù)及其相關(guān)應(yīng)用的。同義替換詞注意：同時還要留意與這些關(guān)鍵詞意思相近的表達(dá)，它們也有助于確定文章主旨。比如，除了“AI”之外，還出現(xiàn)了“artificialintelligencetechnology”等表達(dá)?！镜淅饰觥浚?025·上海浦東新·二模）YoshikoAbeisabouttoturn89,butthathasn’tstoppedherfromgoingtothegymeverydayandtryingthefreeofchargemakeupcourseatherhousingplex.“Itwasreallyhelpful,”shesaid,smilingafterputtingonfoundationandpinklipstick,somethingshehadn’tdoneinyears.Japanisthefastestagingsocietyintheworld,wheremorethanaquarterofitspopulationis65andolder,at36millionpeople.Inaboutadecade,thepercentagewillbe33%.Themarketforolderpeopleisestimatedtogrowtomorethan100trillionyen($650billion)insizethisyear.Nowondertheyoungatheartareanexpandingmunityforbusiness.YoshihikoHotta,85,theonlymanintheclassofabout30people,didn’ttrythelipstickbuthappilyputonthehandcreamandwentalongwithalltheexerciseroutines.Whileacknowledginghefeltsomethinglikeachinglegs,hedeclaredfirmly,“Idon’tthinkageisrelevant.”4．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．SeniorsinJapanarewellawareofgroupidentity.B．TheriseofJapan’ssilvereconomyredefinesaging.C．Expertsappealtoseniorstoremainmentallyactive.D．MakeupcoursesarepopularwiththeyoungatheartinJapan.（2025·上海青浦·二模）Fortunately,thebiasofclinicaltestingmaybechanging.AlmosthalfoftrialparticipantsinAmericaarenowwomen(intherestoftheworlditisstillonly40%).AmericaandBritainlooklikelytopublishregulationsthatrequiretrialorganiserstoexplainwhomtheyoughttoincludeandhowtheyplantoinvolvethem.4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Therewillbenobiasinclinicaltestingverysoon.B．Womenusedtobeunderrepresentedinclinicaltrials.C．Regulationsonsubjectsinclinicaltrialshaveeintoeffect.D．Clinicaltrialsareincreasinglyimproving,thusattractingwomen.（2025·上海奉賢·二模）Moreover,figuressuchasRomanYampolskiypointoutthatpredictingtheexacttimelineisextremelydifficultduetotheexceptionalnatureofthesingularityitself.Thedevelopmentsleadingtoasingularityinvolvemanyvariables,includingbreakthroughsinAIalgorithms,hardwarecapabilitiesandsocictalfactorsthatarehardtoforecastwithaccuracy.3．WhatbestdescribesRomanYampolskiy’sattitudetowardpredictingthesingularity?A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.（2025·上海浦東新·二模）Thisweek’sNobelPhysicsPrizehonoredtwoscientistswhohelpedputers“l(fā)earn”morelikethehumanbrain.Adaylater,theChemistryPrizewenttothreeresearcherswhousedAItodesignproteinsandrevealmolecular(分子的)structures,aproblemthathadtroubledbiologistsfordecades“Among”isthekeyword.Scienceisevermoreateameffort,abeautiful,essentialrealitythattheNobels,withtheirstrictrulesandcategories,struggletocelebrate.IfNobelmitteeisnowrewardingthecontributionsofAI,shoulditnotalsorecognizetheresearcherswhoseresultsitlearnedfrom?4．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．AItakesover:thedeclineoftraditionalscienceB．AIdominatesscience:theendofhumandiscoveryC．NobelPrizesquestionAI’sroleinmodernresearchD．NobelPrizeshighlightAIandteamworkinscience實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練一、名校最新試題Passage01【新聞報(bào)道】【來源】上海市七寶中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期5月英語試卷OnNov.28,the12yearoldGermanshepherdnamedBearwasoutforhisfirstlongwalkfollowingsurgeryasabirthdaytreatwhenheranintoamissingpersoninneedofhelpin“denseundergrowth”nearhiswalkingpath,accordingtoasocialmediapostfromthenonprofitorganizationThinBluePawFoundation.Thenonprofit,whosemissionistosupportservingandretiredpolicedogsnationwide,saidthelostmanwas“confused,wet,andcold,andunabletogetup”whentheretiredpolicedogcameacrosshim.“Themanwasavulnerablemissingpersonofficershadbeensearchingforwithoutsuccess,”thepostread.Themanwaslyingina“darkandverycold”areabeforebeingledtosafetybyBear.“RPDBear,you’reatruehero,showingusthateveninretirement,youcanstillsavelives,”theorganizationwrote.“HappyBirthday,Bear!”TheGuardianreportedthatBearwasonthecasualwalkthatledtothemissingmanwithhisowner,JuliaPope,and“wentintoworkmode”duringtheincident.Thedogwasinrecoveryatthetimeandonhisfirstlongwalksincereceivingsurgerytoremovetwoharmlesstumorstwoweeksprior.PopetoldtheoutletthatBear“dragged”hertowherethemissingindividualwas.“I’mnotsurehewouldhavesurvivedthenightasitwasextremelycoldandalmostdarkatthatpointwithnooneelsenearby,”PopesaidofthelostmansheandBearfound.Themanwasbroughttolocalpoliceandreunitedwithhislovedones.WhileheisretiredfromactivedutywiththeSussexpolice,Bearhasbeenworkingasawellbeingandsupportdogforpolicestaff,reportedTheGuardian.Hehadanothersurgeryinthesummerof2023.TheThinBluePawFoundationsupportedthedogduringthesurgery.ThinBluePawTrusteeKieranStanbridgetoldTheGuardian,“RPDBearisatruehero—histrainingandinstinctkickedin,andhemanagedtoleadhisowner,whoisaformerpoliceofficer,tothemanwhoneededurgenthelp.”Stanbridgecontinued,“ThankstoBear,themanreceivedthehelpheneededfromlocalofficers,eveninhisretirement,he’sstillsavinglives.”1．Accordingtothepassage,Bear________.A．isaretiredpolicedogwhichhasjustundergoneanoperationB．isaservingpolicedogwhosedutyistorescuethehomelessC．issupportedbyanonprofitorganizationtotakeonsomepaidjobsD．isadoptedbyaformerpoliceofficertoacpanyandsafeguardher2．Theword“vulnerable”inparagraph2mostprobablyhasthesamemeaningas“________”.A．content. B．weak. C．courageous. D．reliable.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbedonebyTheThinBluePawFoundationaccordingtothepassage?A．Ithelpsthepolicedogsthroughoutthecountry.B．Itpaysfortherescueworkdonebypolicedogs.C．Itprovidesfinancialsupportfordogadopters.D．Itimprovesretiredpoliceofficers’wellbeing.4．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Anonprofitorganizationsponsorspolicedogs.B．Bearstillenjoysactsofheroisminhissenioryears.C．Amissingmanwasluckyenoughtoberescued.D．Retiredpolicedogs’surgeryimpactstheirwellbeing.Passage02【應(yīng)用文】【來源】上海市華東師范大學(xué)附屬東昌中學(xué)20252026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期英語10月月考試題RetracingCharlesDarwin’sTravelsacrossNorthWales23September2024—6days—Soldout5Mayand1September2025—6daysfor￡3,445perpersonDAY1:SHREWSBURY—DARWIN’SHOMETOWNDAY2:INTOWALES—ONDARWIN’STRAILDAY3:CWMIDWAL—MOUNTAINS,VALLEYSANDLAKESDAY4:ANGLESEY—INTOTHEUNKNOWNDAY5:RETURNTOSHREWSBURY:SITESOFSNOWDOWNIADAY6:DARWIN’STOWNANDJOURNEY’SENDUncoverthebestofWalesasyouexplorethedramaticlandscapesofEryri(Snowdonla)NationalParkandexaminetheregion’sgeologyandhowithasbeentransformedbyvolcanicandglacialactivityovermillionsofyears.DiscoverthestoryofCharlesDarwin’s1831and1842toursofWales,andretracehistravelsonthissmallgroupjourneyfromhisbirthplaceofShrewsbury,England,intoSnowdonia.WHAT’SINCLUDED·Theservicesofyourtourexperts,whowillbewiththegroupthroughoutthetour,providingprevisitbriefings,walkingseminarsandwillbeavailabletoanswerquestions.·Atourleader,whowillattendtologisticalmatters,overseethegroup’shealthandsafetyandassistparticipantswiththeirqueries.·Alltransportationcostsfromthestarttotheendofthetour,includingtheservicesofaprofessionalcoachdriver.·Allacmodationcostsforthenightsstated.·Allbreakfastsandlunches,andfivedinners.·Entryfees,localguidefeesandactivityfees,wherearrangedaspartofthetour.·Mostgratuities(小費(fèi))andallservicecharges.WHAT’SNOTINCLUDED·Travelinsurance.Participantsshouldcarrytheirownhealthandtravelinsuranceincaseofaccidentorunforeseencircumstances.·Transporttothetourstartpoint.·Alcoholicdrinkswithmealsarenotincluded.·Optionalactivitiesasdescribedinthetouritinerary(行程)orextraactivitiesthatarenotdescribedintheitinerary.·Personalexpenditures.includingbarbills,laundrybillsandthecostofmealsontwofreeevenings.·Passportandvisafees.·Singlesupplement￡399HOWTOGETTHEREThistourbeginsandendsinShrewsbury,UK.PleasespeaktotheteamatGeoCulturafortraveladvice.PACEANDPHYSICALITYThistourwillincludeshortwalksofupto3.2kilometres.Sturdywaterprooffootwearisessentialforthesedays.TRANSPORTYouwilltravelbysmallluxurycoachwithairconditioning,aprofessionaldriverandplentyofspaceforluggage.WEATHERWeatherinMayandSeptembergenerallymeansdaytimehighsbetween14and21℃andnighttimelowsof1013℃.ThisisWalesandrainislikely,sopleasebeprepared.Youshouldbringwarmandwaterproofclothing.SOLOTRAVELLERSAllofourtours,cruises,expeditionsandweekendersareperfectforsolotravellers.Ifyouwantyourownroom,youwillneedtopayasolosupplementof￡275forthistour.However,ifyouarehappytosharearoomwithafellowguestofthesamesex,wewilldoallwecantomatchyouwithanotherguestsoyoudon’thavetopaythesoloroomsupplement.5．Whenyoupackyourluggageforthetour,itisadvisabletobringalongallthefollowingitemsEXCEPT_______.A．waterproofhikingshoes B．swimgogglesC．rainjackets D．sweatshirts6．Whatisthetotalcostforthetripon5Mayifyouareasingleparticipantbutdon’twanttosharearoom?A．￡19,19 B．￡3,844 C．￡3,720 D．￡3,4457．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetourisTRUE?A．ParticipantscanwitnessthespectacularmountainsofSnowdoniaNationalParkonthefirstdayofthetour.B．Intheworstcasescenario,participantswithouttheirownhealthandtravelinsurancecanalsoreceivepensationiftheyareinjured.C．Thetourincludestheservicesoftourexpertsandatourleader,transportationcosts,acmodation,mostmeals,entryfees,localguidefees,andmostgratuities.D．ThehighlightofthetouristowalkinthefootstepsofCharlesDarwinanddiscovertheevidencethatheusedtountraveltheoriginoftheselandscapesin1832and1841.Passage03【記敘文】【來源】上海市閔行第三中學(xué)20252026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題Atage11,ZlataFilipovicsawthingsthatmostpeoplepraytheyneversee.Growingupinthemiddleofawarzone,thislittlegirlexperiencedfirsthandthehorrorsofwar.Filipovicturned11inDecemberof1991.FivemonthslaterSerbiansol