2026屆新高考英語(yǔ)沖刺突破復(fù)習(xí)

形容詞和副詞1形容詞：修飾名詞或代詞，表示性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。一、形容詞的概念2二、形容詞的位置和用法①作定語(yǔ)。一般放在名詞之前、復(fù)合不定代詞(something,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等)或復(fù)合不定副詞(somewhere,anywhere等)之后。eg：

Ihaveaninterestingbook.

我有一本有趣的書。Didyoubuyanythingspecial?

你買了什么特別的東西嗎？3②作表語(yǔ)。常跟在系動(dòng)詞be,look,

sound,taste之后作表語(yǔ)。Eg：Thecartooniseducationalforkids.這部卡通片對(duì)孩子具有教育意義。Hisfacealwaysturnedredwhenhetalkedtogirls!當(dāng)他和女孩子說話時(shí)，他的臉總是變紅！4③作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。跟在賓語(yǔ)之后，常用于“動(dòng)詞(keep,make,find,feel,leave,think等)＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Eg：Mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.我媽媽下班回家發(fā)現(xiàn)房子干凈整潔。5④作狀語(yǔ)。放在句首或句尾。Hearrivedhome,hungryandcold.他到家了，又餓又冷。6所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Lucyisa_______(rely)girl,andyoucandependonher.2．Allofasudden,theboyrealizedthatitwasa________(shame)thought.3．Wecanseethatheissatisfiedwiththe__________(satisfy)grades.4．Thechairmanannouncedthe_______newsinan______voice.(excite)5.Someofthemwere________(devote)tothestudyofnaturalsciences.6.Iwas_______(occupy)indetectingthetruththosedays.7．ReadingEnglishbooksis_________(benefit)tostudents.reliableshamefulsatisfyingexcitingexciteddevotedoccupiedbeneficial漢譯英1.這個(gè)故事聽起來(lái)很有趣。____________________________________.2.他很適合這份工作,因?yàn)樗苷J(rèn)真并且有責(zé)任心。(besuitablefor...)_______________________________________3.焦慮又緊張，Jack在房間里走來(lái)走去，陷入沉思。_____________________________________4.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的英語(yǔ)老師很和藹，很友好。______________________________________5.我又累又餓，我鉆進(jìn)被窩很快睡著了。__________________________________________Thisstorysoundsinteresting/amusing.

Heissuitableforthisjobbecauseheisseriousandresponsible.

Nervousandanxious,hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.IfindmyEnglishteacherverykindandfriendly.

Exhaustedandhungry,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

三、?ed和?ing形容詞的區(qū)別1.?ing形容詞表示物的性質(zhì)和狀態(tài),意為“令人……的”,主語(yǔ)一般是物。如:Thefilmisveryinteresting.2.?ed形容詞表示人的感受,意為“感到……的”,主語(yǔ)一般是人。如:Iamveryinterestedinthefilm.9常見的結(jié)對(duì)詞如下:amazing/amazed

boring/bored

confusing/confused

exciting/excitedinteresting/interested

moving/moved

puzzling/puzzledtiring/tireddisappointing/disappointed

10所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Whenwesawthe_______(amuse)monkey,wecouldn’thelplaughing.2.Itwasso_________(embarrass)tosinginpublic.3.WhenIthoughtofthebraveyoungman,Ibecamevery_______(inspire)4.Themoviewasso_______(move)thatmanypeoplecried.5.Theywere_______tohearthe_______sound.(frighten)6.Shewas_______byhis_______speech.(move)7.Shewasvery_______(delight)thathereturned,safeandsound.amusingembarrassedinspiredmovingfrightenedfrighteningmovedmovingdelighted四.一些與形容詞相關(guān)的特殊句型：①It’s＋adj.(difficult/easy/dangerous等表示做某事的特征和特點(diǎn)的詞)＋(forsb.＋)todosth.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說)做某事是……的。Itisdangerousforustoswimaloneintheriver.②It’s＋adj.(good/kind/polite等形容人性格或品質(zhì)的詞)＋(ofsb.＋)todosth.(某人)做某事是……的。ItiskindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.12③主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋too＋adj.＋todosth.……太……而不能做某事。Thelittleboyistooyoungtogotoschool.④主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋adj.＋enough＋todosth.……足夠……做某事。Mysisterisoldenoughtostandonherfeet.⑤主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋so＋adj.＋that…

……如此……以至于……Itissocoldoutsidethatwehadtostopthegame.13完成句子1.Itisimportant___us_______(know)themeaningofgesturesandmovementsofaforeigncountry.對(duì)于我們來(lái)說了解外國(guó)的手勢(shì)和動(dòng)作的含義是很重要的。2.Itisnice_____youtosupportmewhenamajorityofpeopleobjecttomyplan.當(dāng)大多數(shù)人反對(duì)我的計(jì)劃時(shí)，你支持我，真是太好了.3.我很生氣，所以一整天我在學(xué)校都躲著她。(so...that...;avoid)(漢譯英)__________________________________________________________________________________.

fortoknowof

IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolallday.注意：（1）形容詞變其反義詞的常見方式：通常由該形容詞加un-，im-，dis-，in-等前綴構(gòu)成，如uncomfortable(不舒服的),unusual(不尋常的),unlucky(不幸的),impolite(沒有禮貌的),impatient(沒有耐心的),impossible(不可能的),dishonest(不誠(chéng)實(shí)的),incorrect(不正確的)等。15（2）某些形容詞與the連用，表示一類人，常作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的這類形容詞有g(shù)ood/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,living/dead等。如：Theyoungarethefutureandthehopeofthemotherland.青少年是祖國(guó)的未來(lái)和希望。16副詞：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞，其他副詞及句子的詞。副詞在句中多作狀語(yǔ)。五、副詞的概念17六、副詞的位置和用法①作狀語(yǔ)。修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，常位于被修飾詞之前。eg：

I’mtrulysorryforwhatIhavedone.我為自己所做的事由衷地感到愧疚。(修飾形容詞)Hecanrunreallyfast.他可以跑得很快。(修飾副詞)18作狀語(yǔ)。修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般位于被修飾詞之后；動(dòng)詞后有賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾詞和賓語(yǔ)之后?！咀⒁狻款l度副詞通常放在動(dòng)詞前面，若句子里有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞，則放在這類動(dòng)詞(第一個(gè))的后面。Itissnowingheavilynow.現(xiàn)在正下著大雪。(修飾動(dòng)詞)Shetouchedthelittlebaby’sfacegently.她輕輕地?fù)崦诵雰旱哪槨?修飾動(dòng)詞)Heoftenlosesthings.他經(jīng)常丟東西。19作狀語(yǔ)。一般位于句首或句末，修飾整個(gè)句子。Finally,theyreachedthetopofthemountain.最終，他們到達(dá)了山頂。(修飾整個(gè)句子)20②作表語(yǔ)。放在系動(dòng)詞之后。Thestormwasoverlastnight.昨天夜里暴風(fēng)雨停了。③作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。用于“動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中。I’mgladtoseeyouback我很高興看到你回來(lái)。【注意】地點(diǎn)副詞通常不與介詞to連用，不說cometohere,gotothere等(fromheretothere是例外)。21語(yǔ)法填空1．Twopassengers___________(narrow)escapedtheaccident.2__________(remarkable),allofthepassengerssurvivedthecrash.3．Afriendinneedisafriend__________(deed).4．Hisfatherusedtosmokevery________(heavy).5．Withthelights_____,theroomwaspitchblack(一片漆黑).6．Hethreatenedthestrangerswithagunandfrightenedthem__________.7．IsincerelyhopeyourtripinChinawillturn__________amostunforgettableexperienceinlife.narrowlyRemarkablyindeedheavilyoffaway/offout七、形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則

1.直接在形容詞詞尾加-ly

usual→①________；quiet→quietly;sad→sadly

2.以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的，先變y為i，再加-ly

lucky→luckily;happy→②_______；noisy→noisily

3.以“輔音字母＋le”結(jié)尾的，先去e，再加-y

terrible→terribly;gentle→gently;simple→③_______；

4.以ic結(jié)尾的形容詞后加-ally

basic-basically;automatic-automatically

5.其他變化

true→truly;whole→wholly；full→fully；

usually

happily

simply

練習(xí)：寫出下列單詞的副詞slow→______horrible→______heavy→______angry→______real→______complete→____________immediate→____________responsible→____________possible→______lucky→______energetic→______

slowlyhorriblyheavilyangrilyreallycompletelyimmediatelyresponsiblypossiblyluckilyenergetically【注意】以-ly結(jié)尾的詞不一定是副詞，也可以是形容詞，如friendly(友好的),lonely(孤單的),lovely(可愛的),likely(可能的),daily(日常的),lively(生動(dòng)的),ugly(丑陋的)等。名詞加ly變形容詞；形容詞加ly變副詞25兼具形容詞和副詞詞性的詞26詞匯作形容詞作副詞-ly副詞wide寬的；寬闊的盡可能遠(yuǎn)地；充分地widely廣泛地；普遍地high高的

在高處；向高處highly很；非常near近的

距離不遠(yuǎn)；在附近nearly幾乎；差不多most大部分的；大多數(shù)的(程度上)最大，最多，最高mostly主要地；通常late晚的；遲的晚；遲lately最近；不久前詞匯作形容詞作副詞-ly副詞hard艱難的；困難的

努力地/enough足夠的；充分的足夠地；充分地/fast快的；敏捷的快地；迅速地/well健康的；情況良好的好；令人滿意地/early早的在早期；提前/選擇題：1.Thetwokids

climbedontotherocksandlookedover.

A.care B.caring C.careful D.carefully2.“Chirp!Chirp!Lookatme!”LittleSixcried_____

whilehisbrothersandsistersstillfoughthard,tryingtoflyup.

A.happy B.happier C.happinessD.happily3.TraditionalChinesemedicineworks

.Moreandmorepeoplebelieveit.

A.good B.well C.badlyD.bad4.Icould

understandwhathewassayingbecauseit’s

tofollowaquickspeaker.

A.hard;hardly B.hard;hard C.hardly;hardDDBC9八、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)：原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)原級(jí)：形容詞和副詞的原形。比較級(jí)：兩個(gè)人或物之間的比較用比較級(jí)。表示“較……”或“更……一些”。標(biāo)志詞：than(比）例：I

am

olderthanJim.最高級(jí)：三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物之間的比較。表示“最……”。標(biāo)志詞：in+范圍,of

all,of+the+范圍例：I

am

the

tallest

in

myclass.301.形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則(1)規(guī)則變化(副詞與形容詞的變化規(guī)則相似)規(guī)則例子

一般直接在詞尾加-er或-esttall→taller→tallest;high→higher→highest以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞，直接在詞尾加-r或-stnice→nicer→nicest;large→larger→largest規(guī)則例子

以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先變y為i，再加-er或-esteasy→①_____→②________；early→earlier→earliest重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er或-estthin→③________→④________；big→bigger→biggest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞，在詞前加more或mostdelicious→moredelicious→mostdeliciouseasier

easiest

thinner

thinnest

【巧學(xué)妙記】比較級(jí)要變化，一般詞尾加-er；詞尾若有啞音e，直接加-r就可以；一輔重讀閉音節(jié)，輔音字母要雙寫；輔音字母若加y，要把y變成i；最高級(jí)加-est，前面加the莫忘記；形、副若是多音節(jié)，只把more,most前面寫。(2)不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/well⑤____________

⑥____________bad/ill/badly⑦_(dá)___________⑧____________many/much⑨____________⑩____________little?____________?____________farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestbetter

best

worse

worst

more

most

less

least

試一試：寫出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)easy

thinhappywetimportantgoodbighotmanynicemucheasilydeliciouseasier-easiestthinner-thinnesthappier-happiestwetter-wettestmoreimportant-mostimportantbetter-bestbigger--biggesthotter-hottestmore-mostnicer--nicestmore-mostmoreeasily-mosteasilymoredelicious-mostdelicious（一）形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)比較

1.表肯定

句型結(jié)構(gòu)：as＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as

Eg：Artisasinterestingasmusic.美術(shù)和音樂一樣有趣。

2.表否定

句型結(jié)構(gòu)：notas/so＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as

Eg：Theweatherisnotas/socoldaswethought.天氣不像我們想的那樣冷。

36（二）比較級(jí)的常用句型1、“A比B更···”A+be+形容詞比較級(jí)+than

+BA+行為動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than

+BHealthismoreimportantthanwealth.健康比財(cái)富更重要。I

run

faster

than

my

brother.注意：than

后面的代詞可以用主格，也可以用賓格，但是有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用主格。She

is

more

outgoing

than

me

/

I.Gina

jumps

higher

thanI

do.162、“A和B哪一個(gè)更···？”Which/Who+is/行為動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí),AorB?Which

ismore

popular,

the

TV

or

themovie?Who

studies

harder,

Jim

or

Jack?3、“越來(lái)越···”①比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)（單音節(jié)詞）

more

andmore+原級(jí)（多音節(jié)詞）The

weather

is

getting

colder

andcolder.Shopping

online

is

more

and

more

popular.②the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)The_______youpractice,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.你越努力練習(xí)，你取得的進(jìn)步就越大。harder

384、“兩者中比較……的一個(gè)”the+比較級(jí)+ofthe

two…She

isthe

quieter

ofthe

two

girls.The

bike

is

the

older

of

the

two.His

isthe

taller

of

the

two.This

one

is

the

more

beautiful

of

the

two

picture.【注意】比較級(jí)前可用even(更加)，much(…得多)，far(…得多)，a

little(一點(diǎn))，a

bit(一點(diǎn))，a

lot(大量)，still(還要)等修飾，表示程度。（三）.形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的用法表三者或三者以上相比①“最……”句型：the＋最高級(jí)of/in/among...Thispictureisthebestofallthepictures.這幅畫是所有畫里最好的。②”最……之一”句型：主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞＋oneofthe＋最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)PekingUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheworld.北京大學(xué)是世界上最著名的大學(xué)之一。③”第幾最……”句型：主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋最高級(jí)TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinourcountry.黃河是我國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。④”哪一個(gè)最……”句型：Which/Who＋be動(dòng)詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞＋the＋最高級(jí)，A,BorC？Whoisthebravest,Tom,KateorBill?【拓展】比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)表最高級(jí)含義“A…＋比較級(jí)＋than＋anyother＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＝A…＋比較級(jí)＋than＋theother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”

A比其他任何……都……(用于同一范圍內(nèi)的比較)Samistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.＝Samistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.薩姆比他班級(jí)里任何學(xué)生都高。

否定詞（no/not/never/nothing/nobody/hardly等)加形容詞比較級(jí)可以表示最高級(jí)

意為“沒有比.......更.....的了”Nothingismorepreciousthanlife.Ihaveneverheardabetterstory.▲形容詞的分類(簡(jiǎn)單形容詞和復(fù)合形容詞)1.簡(jiǎn)單形容詞由單個(gè)詞組成。如:easy,good,kind2.復(fù)合形容詞由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞組成,中間通常用連字符“?”連接。如:sea?sick暈船的;home?sick想家的;care?free寬心的;blood?thirsty殘忍的常見復(fù)合形容詞構(gòu)成方式如下:(1)形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞:good?looking好看的;easy?going隨和的(2)形容詞+過去分詞:kind?hearted好心的;new?born新出生的(3)形容詞+形容詞:dark?blue深藍(lán)色的;light?green淺綠色的(4)形容詞+名詞:fine?manner舉止優(yōu)雅的(5)數(shù)詞+名詞:first?rate第一流的;five?year?old五歲的(6)副詞+形容詞:ever?green常青的;ever?victorious常勝的(7)名詞+形容詞:life?long終身的;snow?white雪白的Which

do

you

like

(well),applesororanges?Whois

(old),Jim

or

Tom

?Jack

isrunning

and

(fast).Our

country

is

becoming_____and

_____________(beautiful).Lucy

is

much

________

(smart)

thanLily.43better

older

fasterfaster

more

morebeautiful

smarter

446.Miss

Du

is

a

little

(outgoing)

than

her

sister.7.The_________(many)

trees

we

plant,

the___________(good)

air

we’llhave.8.

Please

speak

(loud),

I

can’thearyouclearly.loudermoreoutgoingmore

better

選擇填空。()1.—Hiyoulook