2025年考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析沖刺試卷（含答案）考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷一、句子識(shí)別與斷句請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意，在下列句子中用“|”標(biāo)出句子主干，并用括號(hào)標(biāo)出各修飾成分（可簡(jiǎn)化）。1.Therapidadvancementsinartificialintelligence,whichhavebeenwitnessedinthepastdecadeandarelikelytotransformnumerousindustriesinthenearfuture,posebothsignificantopportunitiesandprofoundchallengesforhumanity.2.Manyresearchersarguethatacomprehensiveunderstandingofthecomplexcognitiveprocessesunderlyinghumancreativityrequiresnotonlytheintegrationofinsightsfromneuroscience,psychology,andlinguisticsbutalsothedevelopmentofnovelexperimentalmethodologies.3.Despitetheconsiderableeffortsmadebyinternationalorganizationstopromotesustainabledevelopmentandmitigateclimatechange,formidableobstaclesrelatedtoglobaleconomicinequality,politicaldisagreements,andshort-termnationalinterestsstillhindertheimplementationofeffectiveglobalagreements.4.Theoldhouseattheendofthestreet,whosewindowswereboardedupandwhosegardenhadlongbeenovergrownwithwildvegetation,suddenlycametotheattentionofthelocalheritagecommitteeafteraneighborreporteditsdeterioratingconditionandhistoricalsignificance.5.Ifwearetoeffectivelyaddresstheescalatingcrisisofbiodiversityloss,whichposesadirectthreattoecosystemstabilityandhumanwell-being,itiscrucialtoadoptamultifacetedapproachthatcombinesconservationefforts,habitatrestoration,andthepromotionofsustainablepracticesacrossvarioussectorsofsociety.二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析請(qǐng)用簡(jiǎn)短的文字描述下列句子的主要結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)（例如：主句+賓語(yǔ)從句+狀語(yǔ)從句；主句+定語(yǔ)從句（修飾賓語(yǔ)）+狀語(yǔ)）。6.Thecommittee'sdecision,whichwasreachedafterextensivedebateandconsiderationofallavailableevidence,indicatesagrowingrecognitionoftheurgentneedtoreviseexistingregulations.7.Shespenttheentireafternoonmeticulouslyreviewingthemanuscript,notonlycorrectinggrammaticalerrorsbutalsosuggestingsubstantialrevisionstoenhancetheoverallclarityandimpactoftheargumentspresented.8.Byleveragingcutting-edgetechnologiessuchasbigdataanalyticsandmachinelearningalgorithms,companiescangaininvaluableinsightsintoconsumerbehaviorpatterns,therebyoptimizingtheirmarketingstrategiesandimprovingcustomerengagement.9.Althoughtheinitialresultsoftheclinicaltrialappearpromisingandsuggestthatthenewdrugmaybesignificantlymoreeffectivethantraditionaltreatments,theresearchersemphasizethatfurtherlarge-scalestudiesarenecessarytoconfirmitssafetyandlong-termefficacy.10.Havingencounterednumeroussetbacksandlearnedvaluablelessonsfrompreviousfailures,theentrepreneurremaineddeterminedtoperseverewithherinnovativeproject,convincedthatpersistencewouldultimatelyleadtosuccess.三、句子翻譯請(qǐng)將下列長(zhǎng)難句翻譯成中文，注意保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)和核心含義的準(zhǔn)確。11.Theintricatenetworkofsocialrelationshipsthatexistswithinanycommunity,oftencharacterizedbyacomplexwebofinterdependencies,mutualobligations,andsharedculturalnorms,playsafundamentalroleinshapingindividualidentities,facilitatingsocialcohesion,andprovidingessentialsupportsystemsforitsmembers.12.Inthefaceofincreasinglycomplexglobalchallengesrangingfromclimatechangeandeconomicinstabilitytopublichealthcrisesandgeopoliticaltensions,fosteringinternationalcooperationandfosteringasenseofglobalcommunityhasneverbeenmorecriticalforensuringasustainableandpeacefulfutureforallhumanity.13.Thenovelproposedbytheaward-winningauthor,whichintricatelyweavestogetherelementsofmagicalrealismwithasharpcritiqueofcontemporarysociety'sobsessionwithmaterialwealthandtechnologicaladvancement,hasgeneratedconsiderablebuzzamongliterarycriticsandreadersalikesinceitspublicationearlierthisyear.14.Havingmeticulouslyreconstructedthehistoricaleventsbasedonawealthofprimarysourcesandarchivaldocuments,thehistorianconcludedthatthecommonlyheldnarrativeoftheperiodwassignificantlyflawedandrequiredafundamentalreinterpretationfromamorenuancedperspective.15.Whenconsideringthepotentiallong-termconsequencesofpursuingcertaintechnologicaldevelopments,particularlythoseinvolvingartificialgeneralintelligence,itisimperativethatweengageinthoroughethicaldeliberationsandestablishrobustregulatoryframeworkstoguidetheirsafeandresponsibledevelopment.四、句子分析選擇題下列句子中劃線部分的語(yǔ)法功能或句意分析，哪一項(xiàng)最為準(zhǔn)確？16.Thediscoveryofpenicillin,whichwasaccidentallymadebySirAlexanderFleminginadustylaboratory,revolutionizedmodernmedicine.(A)ThediscoveryitselfincludedmakingbySirAlexanderFleming.(B)ThemakingbySirAlexanderFlemingwasthediscovery.(C)ThefactthatSirAlexanderFlemingmadeitinadustylaboratorywasthediscovery.(D)ThediscoverymadebySirAlexanderFleming,whichhappenedinadustylaboratory,wasaccidental.17.Notonlydidtheteamachieveitsoriginalgoal,butitalsosurpassedallpreviousperformancerecords,demonstratingremarkableteamworkandindividualeffort.(A)Theteamachieveditsgoalwithoutanyteamworkorindividualeffort.(B)Achievingitsgoalandsurpassingrecordswereseparateindependentevents.(C)Theteam'sachievementofitsgoalandsurpassingrecordsweretheonlythingsthathappened.(D)Theteam,inadditiontoachievingitsgoal,alsosurpassedrecords,showingteamworkandeffort.18.Theathlete,whoisconsideredoneofthemosttalentedinhersportdespitesufferingnumerousinjuriesthroughouthercareer,continuestocompeteatahighlevel.(A)Hertalentisthereasonshecontinuestocompetedespiteinjuries.(B)Theconsiderationofhertalentistheresultofhersufferinginjuries.(C)Despitehertalentbeingrecognized,shecontinuescompetingduetoinjuries.(D)Herbeingconsideredtalentedandsufferinginjuriesaretwoseparatefactorsabouther.19.Ifmorepeopleweretoadoptaplant-baseddiet,itcouldsignificantlyreducegreenhousegasemissions,improvepublichealth,andconservevaluablenaturalresources,accordingtoacomprehensivenewreport.(A)Theadoptionofaplant-baseddietisconditionaluponanewreport.(B)Thenewreportsuggeststhatapotentialreductioninemissions,healthimprovements,andresourceconservationdependsonwhetherpeopleadoptadiet.(C)Thenewreportindicatesthepotentialbenefitsofaplant-baseddietifmorepeopleweretofollowit.(D)Accordingtothereport,anewdietbasedonplantscouldreduceemissionsonlyifpeopleweremorehealthy.五、詞匯與句子理解選擇題根據(jù)上下文，選擇最符合劃線詞匯在句子中含義的選項(xiàng)。20.Therapidadvancementsinartificialintelligence,whichhavebeenwitnessedinthepastdecade,posebothsignificantopportunitiesandprofoundchallengesforhumanity.(A)Expected(B)Observed(C)Planned(D)Imagined21.Manyresearchersarguethatacomprehensiveunderstandingofthecomplexcognitiveprocessesunderlyinghumancreativityrequiresnotonlytheintegrationofinsightsfromneuroscience...(A)Stages(B)Strategies(C)Mechanisms(D)Outcomes22.Despitetheconsiderableeffortsmadebyinternationalorganizationstopromotesustainabledevelopmentandmitigateclimatechange,formidableobstaclesstillhindertheimplementationofeffectiveglobalagreements.(A)Minor(B)Manageable(C)Substantial(D)Temporary23.Theoldhouseattheendofthestreet,whosewindowswereboardedup,suddenlycametotheattentionofthelocalheritagecommittee...(A)Werefrequentlyused(B)Weredamagedbeyondrepair(C)Werecoveredtoprotectfromweather(D)Werereplacedwithnewerones24.Shespenttheentireafternoonmeticulouslyreviewingthemanuscript,notonlycorrectinggrammaticalerrors...(A)Failingtonoticeanymistakes(B)Prioritizingcreativecontent(C)Identifyingareasforimprovement(D)Addingnewsections25.Havingencounterednumeroussetbacks,theentrepreneurremaineddeterminedtopersevere...(A)Havingbeenencouragedbyothers(B)Despitehavinggivenup(C)Beforefacinganydifficulties(D)Whileignoringpreviousfailures試卷答案一、句子識(shí)別與斷句1.Therapidadvancementsinartificialintelligence|(whichhavebeenwitnessedinthepastdecadeandarelikelytotransformnumerousindustriesinthenearfuture)|posebothsignificantopportunitiesandprofoundchallengesforhumanity.*解析思路：主干為“Advancementsposechallenges”。括號(hào)內(nèi)為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾“advancements”。2.Manyresearchersargue|(thatacomprehensiveunderstandingofthecomplexcognitiveprocessesunderlyinghumancreativityrequiresnotonlytheintegrationofinsightsfromneuroscience,psychology,andlinguisticsbutalsothedevelopmentofnovelexperimentalmethodologies)|.*解析思路：主干為“Researchersargue”。括號(hào)內(nèi)為主語(yǔ)從句，作“argue”的賓語(yǔ)。從句內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)為“understandingrequiresnotonlyAbutalsoB”，其中“A”和“B”為“integration”和“development”。3.Despitetheconsiderableeffortsmadebyinternationalorganizationstopromotesustainabledevelopmentandmitigateclimatechange|(formidableobstaclesrelatedtoglobaleconomicinequality,politicaldisagreements,andshort-termnationalinterests)|stillhindertheimplementationofeffectiveglobalagreements.*解析思路：主干為“Obstacleshinderagreements”。首部為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。括號(hào)內(nèi)為“obstacles”的同位語(yǔ)，具體說明障礙內(nèi)容。4.Theoldhouseattheendofthestreet|(whosewindowswereboardedupandwhosegardenhadlongbeenovergrownwithwildvegetation)|suddenlycametotheattentionofthelocalheritagecommitteeafteraneighborreporteditsdeterioratingconditionandhistoricalsignificance.*解析思路：主干為“Housecametoattention”。括號(hào)內(nèi)為兩個(gè)并列的“whose”非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，分別修飾“windows”和“garden”。5.Ifwearetoeffectivelyaddresstheescalatingcrisisofbiodiversityloss|(whichposesadirectthreattoecosystemstabilityandhumanwell-being)|itiscrucialtoadoptamultifacetedapproachthatcombinesconservationefforts,habitatrestoration,andthepromotionofsustainablepracticesacrossvarioussectorsofsociety.*解析思路：條件狀語(yǔ)從句為主干“wearetoaddresscrisis”。主句為“itiscrucialtoadoptapproach”。括號(hào)內(nèi)為“crisis”的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析6.主句+非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（修飾主句主語(yǔ)）+狀語(yǔ)從句。*解析思路：核心是“Decisionindicatesneed”。定語(yǔ)從句“whichwasreached...”補(bǔ)充說明“decision”。狀語(yǔ)從句“after...”說明時(shí)間。7.主句+狀語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)）+并列賓語(yǔ)（由notonly...butalso...連接，各自帶賓補(bǔ)）。*解析思路：核心是“Shespentafternoonreviewingmanuscript”。狀語(yǔ)部分“reviewing...”作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，分別由“correcting...”和“suggesting...”引導(dǎo)，且后者內(nèi)部又含“toenhance...”的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。8.主句（主語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)（介詞短語(yǔ)）+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)）+狀語(yǔ)從句（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)）。*解析思路：核心是“Companiescangaininsights”。介詞短語(yǔ)“byleveraging...”作方式狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)“gaining...”作結(jié)果或目的狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)。9.主句（Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主句含主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)）+狀語(yǔ)從句（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)）。*解析思路：結(jié)構(gòu)由“Although從句，主句”構(gòu)成。主句內(nèi)部，“resultsappearpromising”是表語(yǔ)從句?！皊uggestthat...”是賓語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)部分“Havingencountered...”作原因狀語(yǔ)。10.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)+主句（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)）。*解析思路：以“Havingencountered...”開頭，作整個(gè)句子的原因狀語(yǔ)。主句部分是“Entrepreneurremaineddeterminedtopersevere”。三、句子翻譯11.任何一個(gè)社區(qū)內(nèi)部都存在著一個(gè)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)，該網(wǎng)絡(luò)通常以復(fù)雜的相互依賴、互惠義務(wù)和共享文化規(guī)范為特征，它在塑造個(gè)體身份、促進(jìn)社會(huì)凝聚力和為該社區(qū)成員提供基本支持系統(tǒng)方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。*解析思路：句子主干為“網(wǎng)絡(luò)playsrole”。修飾成分多，“thatexistswithin...”定語(yǔ)從句修飾“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，“oftencharacterizedby...”過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，“thatexists...”定語(yǔ)從句修飾“community”，“playsafundamentalroleinviding...”介詞短語(yǔ)引出三個(gè)并列的方面作“role”的定語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí)需理清修飾關(guān)系，將長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)適當(dāng)斷開或前置。12.面對(duì)日益復(fù)雜的全球挑戰(zhàn)——從氣候變化和經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定到公共衛(wèi)生危機(jī)和地緣政治緊張局勢(shì)——促進(jìn)國(guó)際合作和培養(yǎng)全球社區(qū)意識(shí)對(duì)于確保全人類可持續(xù)和和平的未來從未如此重要。*解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“Facingchallenges,fosteringcooperationhasbeencriticalforfuture”。長(zhǎng)狀語(yǔ)“rangingfrom...to...”修飾“challenges”。主句核心是“cooperationhasbeencriticalforfuture”。翻譯時(shí)需處理長(zhǎng)狀語(yǔ)，可采用破折號(hào)或括號(hào)，并將被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“hasbeencritical”轉(zhuǎn)化為主動(dòng)或符合中文習(xí)慣的表達(dá)。13.該獲獎(jiǎng)作家新出版的小說，將魔幻現(xiàn)實(shí)主義元素與對(duì)當(dāng)代社會(huì)沉迷物質(zhì)財(cái)富和技術(shù)進(jìn)步的尖銳批判巧妙地編織在一起，自今年早些時(shí)候出版以來，已在文學(xué)評(píng)論家和讀者中引起了相當(dāng)大的反響。*解析思路：句子主干為“Novelhasgeneratedbuzz”。修飾成分包括“proposedby...”過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，“whichintricatelyweavestogether...”非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾“Novel”，“sinceitspublicationearlierthisyear”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí)注意將定語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容融入主句，處理“weavetogether”的引申義。14.基于大量原始資料和檔案文件，該歷史學(xué)家meticulouslyreconstructedthehistoricalevents，并得出結(jié)論，即關(guān)于該時(shí)期的普遍敘述存在顯著缺陷，需要從一個(gè)更細(xì)致入微的視角進(jìn)行根本性重新詮釋。*解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“HavingdoneA,BconcludedthatC”。主句核心是“historianconcludedthat...”。狀語(yǔ)部分“Havingmeticulouslyreconstructed...”現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句“thatthecommonlyheldnarrative...required...reinterpretation”中，“wassignificantlyflawed”表語(yǔ)，“fromamorenuancedperspective”狀語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí)注意語(yǔ)序調(diào)整。15.當(dāng)考慮追求某些技術(shù)發(fā)展，尤其是涉及人工智能通用性的技術(shù)發(fā)展的潛在長(zhǎng)期后果時(shí)，我們務(wù)必進(jìn)行徹底的倫理審議，并建立完善的監(jiān)管框架來指導(dǎo)其安全、負(fù)責(zé)任的發(fā)展。*解析思路：條件狀語(yǔ)從句“Whenconsidering...”引導(dǎo)句子，主句為“itisimperativetoengagein...andestablish...”。從句內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)為“pursuingcertaintechnologicaldevelopments,particularlythoseinvolving...”。主句內(nèi)部，“toengageinthoroughethicaldeliberations”不定式作“imperative”表語(yǔ)，“toestablishrobustregulatoryframeworks”不定式作“imperative”表語(yǔ)，且后者的賓語(yǔ)“frameworks”后跟“toguide...”不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí)需準(zhǔn)確處理“imperative”和兩個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)。四、句子分析選擇題16.B*解析思路：定語(yǔ)從句“whichwasaccidentallymadebySirAlexanderFleminginadustylaboratory”修飾先行詞“discovery”。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，將“madeby”理解為主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B正確，將“madeby”作為后置定語(yǔ)，說明“discovery”的來源。選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，將定語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容視為主句的主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，改變了原意并結(jié)構(gòu)混亂。17.D*解析思路：倒裝句，“Notonly+謂語(yǔ)部分+主語(yǔ)+其他部分”。正確語(yǔ)序?yàn)椤癗otonlydidtheteamachieveitsoriginalgoal,butitalsosurpassed...”。選