高一英語閱讀理解(教育文化)解題技巧和訓練方法及練習題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1．閱讀理解

NewJerseyMiddleSchoolMakesStudentsGoPhone-Free

AmiddleschoolinUnionCounty,NewJersey,isforcingitsstudentstostaydisconnectedinclass,byprohibitingcellphones.MaxsonMiddleSchoolPrincipalKevinStansburyputforwardthephonebanlastweekafterhenoticedsomemajorissuesintheschool."Ourtestscoresweredown,disciplinewasup,"hesays.Accordingtohim,studentsweretoofocusedontheirphonestopayattentiontotheirlessons.So,hepurchasedYondrpouchesfortheschool.

Yondrpouch

Whenstudentscomeintoclasseachmorning,theyplacetheirphonesinthepouch,whichisthenlockeduptight.Itcanonlybeopenedusingaspecialdeviceattheendoftheday.Thebanonmobiledevicesappliesnotjustduringclasstimebutduringbreaks,withtheonlyexceptionsbeingintimesofemergencyorincasesofstudentswhoneedsuchdevicestohelpwithdisabilities.

Eighth-graderswhospokewithNews12NewJerseysaythattheynoticedachangeinamatterofhours."It'sjustbetterforeveryonebecauseyou'llunderstandhowitfeelstogetmoreworkdoneinsteadofpayingattentiontothephone,"saysstudentCharleneV."I'musuallylisteningtomusic,buttodayIgottocommunicatewithallmyfriends,"saysstudentDesireeDuncan.

Theprogramwasoriginallymetwithresistancefromstudentsandparents,sotheprocesswasnotthatsmooth.Butteachersandadministratorssaythattheprogramwillhaveamajorimpact."Studentsweretalkingandlaughingandtherewerenocellphonesotherthanbeingcarriedinthepouches,"Stansburysays.

TeacherNiaCummingssayssheevennoticedstudentsbouncingideasoffeachotherinclass.Shesaysstudentsusedtogiveupquicklyandjustlookforanswersontheirphones.Shesaystheynowtrytofigureitoutthemselves."Everyoneissocializingandeatinglunchtogether.That'swhatIwasn'tseeingenoughofwhenphoneusagewasatitsworst,"sheadds.

MaxsonMiddleSchooliscurrentlytheonlyoneinthedistricttousethesepouches.KevinStansburyalsocalledonalltheschoolsinthecommunitythatit'sworthpayingcloseattentiontocellphoneissuesatsecondaryschoolsandtakingactionswhennecessary.（1）MaxsonMiddleSchoolputforwardthephonebanbecausestudents_____.A.weren'tfocusedonschoolworkB.werealwayslisteningtomusicC.usedphonestocheatonexamsD.stoppedtalkingwithothers（2）Whatdidthetwoeighth-graderstellthenewspaper?A.Oppositionfromstudents.B.Teamworkwithfriends.C.Dailyroutineatschool.D.Effectoftheprogram.（3）AccordingtoNiaCummings,whatchangehasthephonebanbrought?A.Studentsdiscussmoreinclass.B.Studentsfinishtheirworkontime.C.Studentsguesstheanswersthemselves.D.Studentscheckmessagesduringthebreak.（4）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthephoneban_____.A.hasbroughtlittlechangetoteachingandlearningB.hasgainedsupportfromeverystudentandparentC.mightbecarriedoutinotherschoolsinthecommunityD.mighthavegoodinfluenceonstudents'healthconditions【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了新澤西高中實行“手機禁止”措施，以保證學生們正常的課業(yè)學習效率。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中“Accordingtohim,studentsweretoofocusedontheirphonestopayattentiontotheirlessons.”可知學生們太過于關注手機了以至于上課時無法專注，因此Maxson中學推行手機禁止計劃是因為學生們無法專注學業(yè)。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Eighth-graderswhospokewithNews12NewJerseysaythattheynoticedachangeinamatterofhours.”可知兩位八年級的同學告訴報社說，實施一段時間后他們注意到發(fā)生了改變，意在表明兩位同學對報社表達了這個項目所帶來的影響。故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中“TeacherNiaCummingssayssheevennoticedstudentsbouncingideasoffeachotherinclass.”可知，NiaCummings老師甚至留意到了學生們在課堂上互相探討想法，因此根據(jù)NiaCummings說的，禁止手使用機帶來的好處是同學們在課堂上討論的更多了。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中“KevinStansburyalsocalledonalltheschoolsinthecommunitythatit'sworthpayingcloseattentiontocellphoneissuesatsecondaryschoolsandtakingactionswhennecessary.”可知，KevinStansbury號召本社區(qū)內(nèi)的其他學校，手機使用的問題是值得關注的，有必要的時候可以采取措施。意在表明在社區(qū)內(nèi)的其他學校也可能實施手機禁止的辦法。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

BrianGreene,aprofessorofphysicsandmathematicsatColumbiaUniversity,hascreatedanonlinescienceeducationplatform.Hetriesto"buildabridge"withthingsyouknowabout,andthen"bringyouacrossthatbridgetothestrangeplaceofmodernphysics".

RecentlyIhadachancetoaskGreeneaboutwormholes(aholewhichsomescientiststhinkmightexist,connectingpartsofspaceandtimethatarenotusuallyconnected),timetravelandothermysteriesoftheuniverse.Iaskedhimamillion-dollarquestion:WhatifIwentthroughaworm-holeandpreventedmyparentsfrommeeting?"Mostofusbelievethattheuniversemakessense,"Greenesaid.Althoughthereareseveralinterestingtheoriesabouttimetravel,headded,thelawsofphysicswouldprobablypreventsomethingsoillogicalfromtakingplace.Thegoodnewsisthatthetimeparadox(悖論)isopenforfuturephysiciststosolve.

Whenaskedhowphysicscouldbecomemoreexcitingforkids,GreenesaidthatbooksbyStephenWeinberg,LeonardSusskind,andotherphysicists,"makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths".

WhenIpointedoutthatsomestudentsstillmightfindphysicsboring,Greenesaidthatthekeyistoteachthemaboutthingsthatarestrange."Thebasicstuffisimportant,"Greenesaid."ButIthinkit'sreallyimportanttoalsodescribethemoremodernideas,thingslikeblackholesandtheBigBang.Ifkidshavethoseideasinmind,thenatleastsomeofthemwillbeexcitedtolearnallthedetails."

GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.AsGreenesaid,physicsis"notjustamatterofsolvingproblemsinanexam".It'saboutexperimenting,showinganinterestinstrangephenomena(現(xiàn)象)—andhavingfun!（1）Amillion-dollarquestionisprobablyvery

.A.directB.difficultC.personalD.long（2）ThebooksbyWeinbergandSusskind

.A.areboringtoreadB.aremainlyaboutmathsC.arepopularsciencebooksD.areonlypopularamongkids（3）AccordingtoParagraph4,whichofthefollowingdoesGreeneagreewith?A.Modernphysicsisaboringsubject.B.Interestplaysanimportantroleinstudying.C.Itisnotnecessarytolearnallaboutphysics.D.ItiseasytodescribeblackholesandtheBigBang.（4）Inthelastparagraph,Greenehopesthat

.A.kidscanlovescienceandphysicsB.kidscandowellinphysicsexamsC.kidscanhavefunwithexperimentsD.kidscanfindmorestrangethingsinlife【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，物理和數(shù)學教授BrianGreene希望更多的孩子可以對現(xiàn)代物理學感興趣。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段Greene對這個問題的解釋以及他說需要未來的物理學家去解決可知,作者提出的這個問題非常難。故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“…booksby…‘makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths'.”可知,Greene認為Weinberg和Susskind等物理學家寫的書淺顯易懂,適合普通大眾閱讀,故這些書屬于受歡迎的科普讀物。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段可知,當作者指出一些學生覺得物理無聊時,Greene說重要的是向孩子們講述一些稀奇古怪的事,并描述一些諸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的現(xiàn)代物理現(xiàn)象,如果孩子們知道了這些,他們中的一些就愿意了解所有詳細的內(nèi)容。因此可推知他認為興趣在學習過程中起著非常重要的作用。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.”可知,Greene希望孩子們可以像他一樣對科學和物理感興趣,去探索宇宙的奧秘。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Whodoesn'twanttolivelifeinstyle?Lifeislikearoadonwhichyounevergetachancetoreturn,andisnotaverylongroadeither.Soweshouldtrytolivelifetothefullestandenjoyeverybitofit.

Everyindividualhasuniquelikingsandpreferences,andallofustrytolivethelivesthatsuitusbest.Theworldislikeapaintingclothonwhichdifferentpeoplewithdifferentraces,differentlanguages,anddifferentculturalbackgroundsinteract.Butamongthese,theartsprovideaneasyandnaturalwayforpeopletoconnect.

Peoplewithaknackfortheartsusuallydiscoveritinchildhood.Butartisn'tonlyforthetalented;itcanhelpeveryonegrow.Thosewithastrongartisticbackgroundareoftenmoreenergetic,andmoresuccessfulinallfieldsoflife.Artwidenstherangeofaperson'slife.

Paintingisoneofthemostpopularartforms.Thosewhoareinterestedintakingitupasacareerneedtogothroughextensivetrainingtogetfamiliarwiththevariousstyles.Professionalpaintersoftenhostartexhibitions,withartloversfromallovertheworldcomingtoseeandbuytheircreations.Sometimesthepaintingsaresoldathighprices.

Performingartsareequallypopularandadmired.Dance,instrumentalmusic,dramaandsoonrequireunusualartistictalentaswellasalongperiodofeducationandtrainingbeforeaudiencesstarttoapplaudtheperformances.Butanyonewithsomeartisticsensecanmakeartpartofhis/herlife,andbenefitfromit.（1）Peopleshouldmakethemostoflifebecause______.A.

lifeisdifficultbutenjoyabletime

B.

lifeisvaluableandordinaryC.

lifeistooshorttobewasted

D.

lifeislikearoadfulloftomorrows（2）What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.

Differentpeoplehavedifferentlifestyles.

B.

Differentpeopleshavedifferentcultures.C.

Artcanmakepeoplehappier.

D.

Artcanconnectpeopletogether.（3）heunderlinedword"knack"inParagraph3possiblymeans"______".A.

character

B.

ability

C.

power

D.

favour（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.

Howgreatartistsmakealivingbysellingtheirworks.B.

Howtoliveauniqueandcolorfullife.C.

Howtheartscontributetopeople'slives.D.

Howmuchperformingartshavetodowithtalentandeducation.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，人生苦短沒有回頭路，但藝術可以把不同背景的人聯(lián)系在一起，有藝術天賦的人通常在各個領域都會更加成功。作者還列舉了繪畫、音樂、舞蹈等藝術形式對人們生活的影響。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Lifeislikearoadonwhichyounevergetachancetoreturn,andisnotaverylongroadeither.Soweshouldtrytolivelifetothefullestandenjoyeverybitofit.”可知人生沒有回頭路，而且非常短暫，我們要努力享受生活的一點一滴。我們不能浪費生活，要珍惜生活給我們的一切，故選C。（2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butamongthese,theartsprovideaneasyandnaturalwayforpeopletoconnect.”可知藝術可以很自然地把不同背景的人聯(lián)系在一起，故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Peoplewithaknackfortheartsusuallydiscoveritinchildhood.”可知在童年時期有藝術天賦地人就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)自己這方面的才能。與“

Butartisn'tonlyforthetalented;itcanhelpeveryonegrow.”藝術不僅對有才能的人有好處，它可以幫助所有成長，是一致的。劃線詞knack意為”ability/talent“，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹的是藝術如何影響人們的生活的內(nèi)容，故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測，段落大意和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Almostnoneofushavethetimetoreadeverythingwe'dliketoread.Yetwelosecountlesshourstodailyactivitiesthatbringuslittlejoyliketakingbusesandwaitinginline.Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection?

Foundedin2012,iReader,amicro-learningapponmobilephones,bringsthebiggestideasfrombest-sellingbooksthrough15-minuteaudio(音頻)andtext.Sofar,morethan3,000bookshavebeenincluded,rangingfrompsychologyandparentingtomanagementandeconomics,withnewtitlesaddedeveryday.

Readerispioneeringanewmethodofreading,withover9millionusersenjoyingthebenefitsalready.AccordingtothePewResearchCenter(PRC),theBritishreadjust4paperbooksayearandover25%haven'treadasinglepaperbookthisyear,butreadingisn'tdying.TherearenowmorewaysfortheBritishtoreadthaneverbefore,duetothewidespreaduseofe-booksandaudiobooks.

ThebooksiniReaderarerewrittentoensureitiseasytorememberthemaincontent.Thewaythecontentiseditedhasbeenspecificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice.Besides,thecontentisrewrittenwithrelevantexamplesinreallife,whichmeansusersaremorelikelytorememberandapplywhatishelpfultothem.

HolgerSeim,Germanco-founderofthisapp,declares,"iReadergivesyouthebiggestideasintheshortestpossibletime.Ittransformsgreatideasintolittlepacksyoucanlistentoorreadinjust15minutes."（1）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointheunoccupiedtime?A.

Readandthink.

B.

Writeandshare.C.

Avoidtakingbuses.

D.

Bringjoytodailyroutines.（2）WhatcanweinferfromthePRCfindings?A.TheBritishbenefitalotfromreading.B.Readingmethodsaremoreimportantthanbefore.C.Digitaltechnologyaretakingtheplaceofpaperbooks.D.NewformsofbooksarechangingthewaytheBritishread.（3）HowdoesiReadermakethecontenteasytoremember?A.Bybringingfuntoit.B.Bymakingituseful.C.Byusingartisticdesigns.D.Bytakingusersasexamples.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.iReaderPreventsReadingfromDyingB.iReaderUnitesWorldwideBook-loversC.iReader:TheBestNewAppCreationD.iReader:BigIdeasinSmallPackages【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一種閱讀方式：iReader。它開創(chuàng)了一種新的閱讀方式，已經(jīng)有超過900萬的用戶享受到了這種好處，同時也正改變著英國人的閱讀方式。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。第一段中的“Almostnoneofushavethetimetoreadeverythingwe'dliketoread.”幾乎沒有人有時間讀我們想讀的所有東西；以及最后一段中的“Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection?”可知作者認為我們應該把空閑的時間變成寶貴的、有價值的學習和反思的時間，即作者建議我們利用空閑時間來閱讀和思考，故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“TherearenowmorewaysfortheBritishtoreadthaneverbefore,duetothewidespreaduseofe-booksandaudiobooks.”可知由于電子書和有聲書的廣泛使用，英國人現(xiàn)在有了比以往更多的閱讀方式。即從PRC的發(fā)現(xiàn)中我們能得知新的書籍形式正在改變英國人的閱讀方式。故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thewaythecontentiseditedhasbeenspecificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice.”可知iReader通過使得目錄有助于實踐來讓內(nèi)容更容易記住，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“iReadergivesyouthebiggestideasintheshortestpossibletime.Ittransformsgreatideasintolittlepacksyoucanlistentoorreadinjust15minutes.”可知iReader能在最短的時間內(nèi)給你最大的想法。它把偉大的想法轉(zhuǎn)化成小包裝，你可以在15分鐘內(nèi)聽或讀。再結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是說明了iReader這種新的閱讀方式是小包裝里的大創(chuàng)意，故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Childrenshoulddohousework.That'sacontroversialidea,thoughnoteveryonewilladmitit.Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.

That'saproblem.Forstarters,houseworkisgoodforkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunningahouseholdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheiremotionalwell-being.

Onesmallstudy,doneoveraperiodof25years,foundthatthebestpredictorforyoungadultssuccessintheirmid-20swaswhethertheyparticipatedinhouseholdtasksatage3or4.Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.

Butforallthattheirhelpmatters,fewkidsaredoingmucharoundthehouseatall.Inasurveyof1,000Americanadults,75percentsaidtheybelievedregularhouseworkmadekids"moreresponsible".Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.

Sportsandhomeworkarenotget-out-of-housework-freecards.Thegoal,afterall,istoraiseadultswhocanbalanceacaringroleintheirfamiliesandcommunitieswithwhateverlifetimeachievementgoalstheychoose.Houseworkteachesthatbalance.

Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?Acceptnoexcuses.Don'tworryifyoumustrepeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothisjobthanitwouldtaketodoityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.Cananallowancehelp?Maybe.Butifyou'retryingtoteachkidstosharetheresponsibilityofahome,payingthemforroutinehouseworkisnottherightmessage.（1）Whatismostparents'problemwithchildrendoinghousework?A.

Theyareagainsttheidea.

B.

Theyfailtoputitintopractice.C.

Theydoubtthepossibilityofit.

D.

Theyarefindingexcusesfortheirchildren.（2）Whydoestheauthormentionthesmallstudy?A.

Tostatethereasonsforearlysuccess.B.

Togiveexamplesofsomesuccessfulpeople.C.

Toprovedoinghouseworkisbeneficial.D.

Tosuggestkidstakeresponsibilityfortheirbehavior.（3）AccordingtothesurveyofAmericanadults,howmanyofthemusedtodohouseworkaschildren?A.820.B.560.C.750.D.440.（4）Whydoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?A.Tocriticizesomeirresponsibleparents.B.Todiscusstheimpactofagoodfamilyatmosphere.C.Toadviseparentstospendmoretimewiththeirkids.D.Toofferparentssomeadviceonassigningchildrenhousework.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認為孩子應該分擔家務，這不僅有利于培養(yǎng)他們的責任心，而且能提升他們的幸福感。而且家務能夠讓孩子在家庭和社區(qū)中的關愛角色與他們選擇的任何終身成就目標之間取得平衡，文章最后說明一些關于分配孩子做家務的建議。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.”一些父母會說他們的孩子太忙了，沒有時間做家務。我們中更多的人會分配家務，或說我們相信他們，但家務就是做不完?？芍贁?shù)家長覺得孩子學業(yè)太忙無暇做家務，但多數(shù)家長即便認為孩子該做家務，實際生活中也沒有很好地付諸實踐?？芍獙Υ蠖鄶?shù)父母來說讓孩子做家務存在的問題是他們沒有把它付諸實踐。故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.”那些早期共同承擔的

責任擴展到了他們生活的其他領域?？芍恼略诘诙谓榻B了孩子做家務的好處，第三段用一項研究具體闡釋了第二段的內(nèi)容。該研究表明，孩子幼時做家務預示著成年后較早成功，因為做家務過程中培養(yǎng)出的責任感會遷移到生活的其他方面。可知作者提到研究是為了證明讓孩子做家務是有益的。故選C。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.”然而，82%的人稱自己在成長過程中經(jīng)常做家務，而只有56%的有孩子的人稱自己需要孩子做家務?？芍?，參與調(diào)查的1000個人中，82%的人說自己成長過程中經(jīng)常做家務，即有820人小時候做過家務。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。最后一段中的“Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?”要讓孩子做家務時你應該做什么?，是本段的主題句，作者在本段就“如何讓孩子參與到家務事中”向家長提供了建議?？芍髡邔懙淖詈笠欢问墙o父母一些關于分配孩子做家務的建議。故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Parentswhohavebooksinthehomeincreasethelevelofeducationtheirchildrenwillattain(獲得),whetherrichorpoor,accordingtoa20-yearstudyledbyMariahEvans.

Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor(預示物)ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated.But,thestudyshowedthatthedifferencebetweenbeingraisedinabooklesshomecomparedtobeingraisedinahomewitha500-booklibraryhasasgreataneffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillattainasthedifferencebetweenhavingparentswhoarebarelyliterate(有文化的)andhavingparentswhohaveauniversityeducation.

Beingasociologist,Evanswasparticularlyinterestedtofindthatchildrenofless-educatedparentsbenefitthemostfromhavingbooksinthehome.Whatkindsofinvestmentsshouldwemaketohelpthesekidsgetahead?Theresultsofthisstudyindicatethatgettingsomebooksintotheirhomesisaninexpensivewaythatwecanhelpthesechildrensucceed.Evanssaid,"Evenalittlebitgoesalongway.Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation,andthemorebooksyouadd,thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget."

Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.

Havingbooksinthehomeistwiceasimportantasthefather'seducationlevel,andmoreimportantthanwhetherachildwasbroughtupinadevelopingcountryoradevelopedcountry.Surprisingly,thedifferenceineducationalattainmentforchildrenborninadevelopedcountryandchildrenborninadevelopingcountrywasjust2years,lessthantwo-thirdsoftheeffectthathaving500ormorebooksinthehomehadonchildren.（1）Inthepasteducatorsheldapointofviewthat______.A.

childrenwhosefamilyhadalibrarywouldpossiblyattainhighlevelsofeducationB.

childrenwhowereborninpoorfamiliesstudiedharderthanthoseinrichfamiliesC.

childrenwhoseparentsarehighlyeducatedwouldattainhighlevelsofeducationD.

parents'levelofeducationhadnothingtodowiththeirchildren'slevelsofeducation（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"motivating"inParagraph3mean?A.

Makingsomebodywanttodosomething.B.

HelpingsomebodytofinishsomethingC.

Makingsomebodypretendtodosomething.D.

Preventingsomebodyfromachievingsomething.（3）Whichofthefollowinghasthemostimportanteffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillgain?A.

Theeconomiclevelofthecountry.

B.

Thefather'soccupation.C.

Educationlevelsofparents.

D.

Havingbooksinthehome.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了影響孩子教育水平的因素，告訴我們家里有書對孩子的重要性勝于家長受過高等教育的影響。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor(預示物)ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated”.多年來，教育工作者一直認為，預示孩子能獲取高教育水平的最強的因素莫過于有受過高等教育的父母”?？芍?，過去教育家們認為受過高等教育的父母的孩子將獲得高水平的教育。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。文章第二、三段一直說家中有書對孩子的積極影響。再根據(jù)第三段中的“Evenalittlebitgoesalongway....thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget”即使是一點點書，也能大有幫助......你家的書越多，孩子得到的好處就越大?！笨芍瑫鴮⒆佑泻艽笥绊憽Ｋ詣澗€詞的句子“Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation”這句話是說“即使家里只有20本書，在激勵孩子接受更高層次的教育方面仍然有很大的影響”。所以，家中有書可以激勵孩子獲得更高層次的教育水平。由此可推斷出劃線詞的意思是“使某人想做某事”。故選A。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.”研究者們感到震驚的是，在家里看書對孩子的受教育程度的影響甚至超過了父母的受教育程度、父親的職業(yè)或國家的經(jīng)濟水平等因素的影響。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和詞義猜測兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-organizedandgrowing"fitness"marketandindustry,itiswelltoaskourselves:whathavewelost,andwhathavewegained?

Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.Yetdespitethemanyhealthandfitnessmethods,programs,andresources,thegeneralpopulationhasneverbeensophysicallysedentary(久坐的)andout-of-shape.ArecentWorldHealthOrganizationreportindicatesthatlifeexpectancy(壽命)intheU.S.droppedforthefirsttimesince1993.Thehealthofmodempeopleisdeclining,despitehighlyadvancedmedicaltechnologiesandtheboominghealthandfitnessindustry.

Howcouldthatbe?Alargepartofitismotivation.Peoplearesimplynotasmotivatedtomovetheirbodyandgethealthyastheywereinthepast.Weliveinasocietywheretheinabilitytooperateone'sbodyinapracticalandeffectivemannerisnolongeranembarrassingcondition.Thefitnessindustrynomatterhowgoodeachnewprogramclaimstobe,hasfailedtogetthemajorityofpeopletovalue,practice,andenjoyphysicalexercise.

So,shouldweexpecttheanswertothisdilemmatocomefromevenmorevaried,ormoretechnologicallyadvancedprogramsandequipment?Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture?（1）Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutfitnessindustryinparagraph2?A.Itprovidesbettertechnology.B.Itissupportedbymostpeople.C.Itbringsaboutpositiveeffects.D.Itcostspeopletoomuchmoney.（2）Whatisthemainreasonwhypeoplefailtodophysicalexercise?A.Notenoughequipment.B.Lackofinnerdrive.C.Misguidedinstructions.D.Embarrassinglivingconditions.（3）Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagreewith?A.Changeattitudestofitness.B.Relyonstandardpractice.C.Seekmorepotentialcustomers.D.Turntomoreadvancedprograms.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LostinfitnessB.MisunderstandingaboutfitnessC.EvolutionoffitnessD.Importanceoffitness【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了健身市場的發(fā)展帶來的好處，盡管醫(yī)療技術高度發(fā)達，健康健身產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)代人的健康水平卻在下降。問題產(chǎn)生很大一部分原因是人們?nèi)狈?nèi)在動機。作者建議應當改變對健康的態(tài)度。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.”顯然，這些最新的發(fā)展帶來了很多好處:人們普遍意識到定期鍛煉的重要性，幾乎每個社區(qū)都有一個健身房或健身俱樂部，人們可以去那里或花錢去那里鍛煉，我們對人體如何工作了解得更多，可知健身產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來了積極的影響。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Alargepartofitismotivation.”其中很大一部分是動機，可知人們不鍛煉身體的主要原因是缺乏動機或內(nèi)在驅(qū)動力。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture?”或者，解決方案將來自一個不同的心態(tài)，一個更簡單的方法和實踐，以及一個全新的文化?可推知作者似乎同意改變對健康的態(tài)度。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段“Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-organizedandgrowing‘fitness’marketandindustry,itiswelltoaskourselves:whathavewelost,andwhathavewegained?”當我們回顧幾個世紀以來健身運動的演變，以及一個組織良好、不斷發(fā)展的“健身”市場和行業(yè)的出現(xiàn)，我們有必要捫心自問:我們失去了什么，又得到了什么?以及文章主要內(nèi)容為分析健身市場的發(fā)展帶來的好處，以及其中存在的問題和問題產(chǎn)生的原因。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Otherpeoplemayhavetheirownideasaboutourlives.Wecanvaluetheiradvice,butwedon'thavetotakeittoheart.

Ourparentshavedreamsforus.Theywantustodowellinschoolandtodowhateverisnecessarytoreachourhighestpotential(潛力).Laterinlife,friendsmaytrytosetusupwiththeirideasoftheperfectpartnerortheperfectjob.Peopleclosetousmayhaveideasabouthowweshouldliveourlives,ideasthatusuallycomefromloveandthedesireforustobehappy.Othertimes,theycomefromaplaceofneedwithinthemwhetheritisaparentwhowantsustoliveouthisorherdreamsorafriendwhowantsustoplayagoodrole.Whateverthecase,wecanappreciateandconsiderthosepeople'sadvice,butult