外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社江南大學(xué)UNIT2CONTENTS1Viewing2Reading3Sharpeningyourskills4Buildingyourlanguage5TalkingaboutChinaUNIT2ViewingHaveyoueverfeltuncomfortableinyourstudiesoratwork,thinkingthatyouarejustnotcompetentenough?Isitsomethingreallyserious,orjustnobigdeal?Watchavideoclipandlearnmoreaboutthiskindofchallenge.UNIT2ViewingMatchtheexpressionswiththeirmeaningsaccordingtothespeakers.

1a.Youknowyouhaveaskill,andyoustillneedtoworkonit.b.Youknowyoudon’thaveaskillthatyoushouldhave,andyoudon’tknowwheretogetit.c.Youdon’trealizeyouhaveaskill,andthatskillbecomesanaturalpartofyourabilities.d.Youdon’tknowyoudon’thaveacertainskill.e.Youfeeluncomfortable,nervous,oranxiousdespiteallyoureffortsandaccomplishmentsatworkorinyourstudies.1Impostorsyndrome2Beingunconsciouslyunskilled3Beingconsciouslyunskilled4Beingconsciouslyskilled5BeingunconsciouslyskilledecabdUNIT2ViewingAccordingtothevideo,impostorsyndromeiscommon,andalmosteveryonemayhaveexperiencedit.TheConsciousCompetenceLadderdescribesthefourstagesoflearninganewskill.WorkinpairsanddiscusshowtheConsciousCompetenceLaddercanhelpapersonovercomeimpostorsyndrome.TheConsciousCompetenceLadderprovidesastructuredframeworktohelpindividualsovercomeimpostorsyndromebyreframingself-doubtasanaturalpartofthelearningjourney.Thefirststage,unconsciousincompetence,highlightsthatfeelingsofuneasestemfromunfamiliarity,notinadequacy.Inthesecondstage,consciousincompetence,identifyingspecificskillgaps,transformsvagueself-doubtintoactionablelearninggoals.Thethirdstage,consciouscompetence,demonstratesthatconsistenteffortleadstotangibleprogress,2UNIT2Viewingreinforcingtheideathatgrowthisauthentic,notfraudulent.Finally,inunconsciouscompetence,masterybecomessecondnature,andteachingtheskilltootherssolidifiesexpertisewhilepreventingregression.Byviewingimpostorfeelingsastemporaryandtiedtothelearningprocess,theladderempowersindividualstoembracegrowthwithconfidence.UNIT2ViewingAlex:Nealey,haveyoueverfelt,youknow,insecureorhesitantatwork?Nealey:MoretimesthanIcancount.Alex:Exactly.Same!Andyou’renotalone.Imean,somanypeople,ateverysinglelevelofsuccess,experiencewhattheycall“impostorsyndrome,”anditactuallyaffectsmenandwomenequally.Nealey:Sowhydon’tyoutellusallalittlebitaboutwhatimpostorsyndromeis?Alex:Soimpostorsyndromeiswheneveryoufeelreallyuncomfortable,nervous,oranxious,eventhoughyou’veputinalotofworkandefforttogetwhereyou’regoing,andyoufeellike,atanymoment,peoplearegonnafindout,ScriptUNIT2Viewingyouknow,thatyou’resomebigphony.Andwhileitmaynotfeellikeitinthemoment,alittlebitofdiscomfortcanactuallygoareallylongwayintermsofyourpersonaldevelopment.Nealey:Yeah.I’ll,I’llbethefirsttoadmitthatI’veput,try(tried)toputmyselfinthoseuncomfortablesituations,andthey,it’s,itdoesn’tfeelgoodatfirst,butlookingbackonit,I’msuperhappyIdidbecauseitgivesyouandmetheopportunitiesthatwehavetoday.

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:That’swhereallthegrowthhappens.Sointhe1970s,NoelBurchdevelopedtheConsciousCompetenceLadder.It’sagreatwaythathelp(helps)usprocesstheemotionsandwhatyou’refeelingduringthatdifficultgrowthprocess.Nealey:Allright,Alex,sowhatisthatfirststageoflearning?Alex:Sothefirstleveliswhenyou’reunconsciouslyunskilled.Sowedon’tknowthatwedon’thaveacertainskill,right?You’reblissfullyignorant.Youknow,you’reperfectlyfine.Youdon’trealizethatyoudon’thavethat.Nealey:Allright,soIthinkIknowthenextone.It’s“consciouslyunskilled,”right?

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:Exactly.Sothisiswhenweknowwedon’thaveacertainskillthatweprobablyshould.Sothiscanbeareallydemoralizingtime.Youknow,it’seasytoloseconfidencewheneveryoufeellikeotherpeoplehavethisskill,youdon’t,andyoureallyneedthatskill.Nealey:Right.Youdon’treallyknowwheretogetthatskill,too.Alex:Mm-hmm.Soit’sreallyimportanttostayconfidentandpositiveduringthisstage.Thenextstepiswhenyou’reconsciouslyskilled.Nealey:I’msensingabitofatrendhere.Alex:Yeah,exactly.It’seasytogowith(it),right?Butthisiswheneveryouhaveaskill,butyoustillhavetoreallyconcentrateonit.Right?

ScriptUNIT2ViewingNealey:Right.Youknowyougotit.Youknowyoucanflauntit.Butyouneedtomakesurethatyoustillworkforit.Alex:Mm-hmm.Soyoucanthinkofthislevelas,youknow,atoddlerlearninghowtowalk,right?Attheverybeginning,(it)takesalotofconcentration.It’sdifficulttodo.Youneedalotofpractice.Butthatleadsusintoournextstep,whichiswhenyou’reunconsciouslyskilled.Andatthatpoint,you’rewalkingeveryday,andit’snothing.Andagoodwaytomaintainthislevelofskillistoactuallyteachothers.Nealey:Yeah.Themoreyouteachit,themoreitstaystopofmindinyourbrain.Youstarttodevelopareal,deepunderstandingfor(of)thatskillset.

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:Butit’simportanttoremembertokeepbrushingupontheseskills‘causeyoucanalwaysfallbackdownthatCompetenceLadder.That’swhyfeelinguncomfortableissomethingyoushouldembrace.Beinginthesenew,youknow,uncomfortablesituationsactuallytriggerssomethinginyourbraintoreleasedopamine.Nealey:Yeah,andalwaysremember,youarenotalone.Everyonegoesthrough,atsomepointinlife,thatfeelingofjustbeinguncomfortable.Knowthatyou’renotalone.Youknowthatyou’renotalone.

ScriptUNIT2StructureTextreadingTextunderstandingReadingVocabularyUNIT2ReadingStructureWhatarethebenefitsofsteppingoutofone’scomfortzone?Howcanonebreakfreefromtheircomfortzone?Readthetextandfillintheblanksbyanalyzingthestructure.Para.1:Thenecessityofrisk-takingforsuccessAccordingtothepassage,onlythosewhoarewillingtotakerisks,stepoutofcomfortzoneandfacethediscomfortof1)_____________willgainmaximalrewards.(Para.1)uncertaintyUNIT2ReadingStructureParas.2-4:Personalexperienceandexamplesofrisk-takingTheauthor’smovetothecityforcollegewasboth2)___________andexciting.(Para.2)Thecommonthreadamongsuccessfulleaderswastheirwillingnesstoembrace3)_________andriskdiscomfort.(Para.3)Thefemaleleaderinthemale-dominatedindustryneverletfearorsetbacks4)_______herfromsteppingbeyondcomfortzone.(Para.4)Para.5:Keyquestionstoreflecton“steppingoutofcomfortzone”6reflectivequestionsarelistedtohelppeople5)_________whetherfearoffailureorlosingfacestopsthemfrommovingforward.(Para.5)terrifyingchangestopassessUNIT2ReadingStructureParas.6-7:Relationshipbetweenrisk-taking,mistakesandfutureaspirationsTakingrisksdoesn’t6)___________success,butonlybymakingmistakesandtryingnewthingscanpeopleaccomplishmore.(Para.6)Apsychologistpointedoutthatit’snotfailuresbuthowwe7)__________themtoourselvesthatdeterminesfuturesuccess.(Para.7)Paras.9-10:Reflectionsandfuture-orientedadvicePeoplewhoachieve8)_______________successin10yearswon’tstayincomfortzone.(Para.9)Givingupthe9)___________oftheknownandsteppingoutofourcomfortzonearekeytosuccessinbothworkandlife.(Para.10)guaranteeexplainextraordinaryfamiliarityUNIT2ReadingGettingcomfortablewithdiscomfortiscrucialtosucessTextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingInanincreasinglycompetitive,cautious,andacceleratedworld,thosewhoarewillingtotakerisksandstepoutoftheircomfort

zoneandintothediscomfortofuncertaintywillbethosewhowillreapthemaximalrewards.1TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingWhenIfirstleftmyparents’smallfarmat18tomoveto“thecity”forcollege,Iwaspartterrified,partexcited,andcompletelyoutsidemycomfortzone.AsIfoundthen,andhavefoundcountlesstimesintheyearssince,noworthwhileaspirationscanbeaccomplishedfromwithinourcomfortzone.Onlybygivingupthesecurityoftheknowncanwecreatenewopportunity,buildcapability,andgrowinfluence.Aswedo,weexpandtheperimeterofourcouragezoneandenhanceourconfidencetotakeonbiggerchallengesinthefuture.2TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingIt’salessonthatwasreinforcedinmyinterviewswithaccomplishedleadersacrossadiverserangeoffieldswhileIdidresearchformylatestbook.Whileeachhadforgedtheirownpathtosuccess–eitherupanorganizationalladderorasanentrepreneur–thecommonthreadofwisdomtheyallsharedwasthatintoday’scompetitiveandfast-changingworkplace,wecanneverhopetoachievesuccessunlesswe’rewillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortoffailure.Inshort,wemustbewillingtogetcomfortablewiththediscomfortinvolvedwithtakingrisks.3TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingOneofthoseleadersIinterviewedworkedherwayupinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustryfromanadministrative

assistantroletoadeputydirector.Likesomanyothersuccessfulpeople,shehasalwaysbeendrivenmorebywhatinspiresherthanwhatscaresher.She’salwaysbeenwillingtochallengeassumptionsandpushtheboundariesofpossibility.She’sneverletherfearofnothavingwhatittakeskeepherfromsteppingbeyondtheconfinesofhercomfortzoneandexpandingherconfidencetotakerisks,trynewthings,speakup,andactwiththecouragethathasbeenahallmarkofherleadershipatherorganization.Whileit’seasytoassumethatsheiscoveredwithpsychologicalTeflon,therealityisthatalongherroadtosuccess,sheexperiencednumeroussetbacks,alongwithherfairshareofcriticism.Shejusthasn’tletherfearofitholdherback.4TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingThroughoutourcareers,wemustcontinuallyassesswhetherwearelettingourfearoffailureorlosingfacekeepusfromtakingtheactionsandengagingintheconversationsthatwillmoveusforwardandmaketheimpactwewant.Againandagain,wehavetodecide:?DoIkeepdoingwhat’salwaysbeendone,orchallengeoldassumptionsandtrynewapproachestoproblems??DoIproactivelyseeknewchallengesorjustmanagethoseIalreadyhave??DoIriskbeingexposedandvulnerable,oracttoprotectmyprideandpatchofpower??DoIaskforwhatIreallywant,orjustforwhatIthinkotherswanttogiveme?5TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReading?DoI“tootmyhorn”toensureothersknowwhatI’mcapableof,orjusthopemyeffortswillbenoticed??DoIspeakmymindorbitemylip,lestIrufflemyfeathersorsubjectmyselftocriticism?TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingOfcourse,beingwillingtotakeariskdoesn’tmeaneverythingyoutrywillworkout.Butaseverysuccessfulpersonwilltellyou,it’sonlybybeingwillingtomakemistakesandtrysomethingnewthatyoucaneveraccomplishmorethanwhat’sbeendonebefore.Assomeoneoncesaid,“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”Nothingeverwillbe.6TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingToooften,weletourmistakesandsetbacksdefineus.Yet,asapsychologistoncesaid,“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”Likewise,ifyouknewthatnomatterwhathappened,youcouldhandleit,whatactionswouldyoutakethatyouaren’ttakingnow?Whatconversationswouldyouengageinthatyou’vebeenputtingoff?Wherewouldyoustepoutontothecenterstagemorefullyandboldlyinyourownlife–andindoingso,openupthepossibilityfornewopportunities,newrelationships,newalliances,andnewideas?7TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingCastyourmindahead10yearsfromnowandthinkaboutthelifeyouwanttobelivingthen.Whatdoyouwanttobedoing?Withwhom?Whodoyouwanttobecomeintheprocess?8TextreadingTenyearsfromnow,therewillbepeoplewhohaveachievedextraordinarysuccess.Whilewedon’tknowwhotheywillbe,onethingissure–theywon’tbepeoplewhohavestayedinsidetheircomfortzone.Rather,theywillbepeoplewhohavecontinuedtostretchthemselves,evenwhenthingsaregoingsmoothly,andwhohavebeenwillingtoriskfailureorlookingfoolish,knowingthatthebiggestrisktheytakeisnottakinganyrisksatall.Thequestionis–willyoubeoneofthem?9UNIT2ReadingReadingInourevermorecautiousandcompetitiveworld,thereislittlesecurityinplayingsafe.Beingwillingtogiveupthefamiliarityoftheknownandembracethediscomfortthatcomesfrombeingoutsideyourcomfortzoneisincreasinglycrucialtoyoursuccessinworkandlife.10TextreadingUNIT2ReadingInthetext,theauthorexplainstheconceptofsteppingoutofone’scomfortzone.Whatarethebenefits?Howcanonebreakfreefromtheircomfortzone?Readthetextandcompletetheoutline.1TextunderstandingUNIT2ReadingTextunderstandingBenefitsofgettingoutofone’scomfortzone?Reapingthebiggest1)__________.?Accomplishingworthwhile2)____________.?Creatingnewopportunities?Building3)__________

?Growinginfluence?Expandingtheperimeterofourcouragezoneandenhancing4)___________.Waystogetoutofone’scomfortzone?Steppingintothediscomfortof5)____________?Givingupthesecurityoftheknown?Takingonbigger6)____________inthefuture?Beingwillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortof7)__________?Beingwillingtogetcomfortablewiththediscomfortrewardsaspirationscapabilityuncertaintychallengesfailure

confidence

UNIT2ReadingTextunderstandingWaystogetoutofone’scomfortzone?Beingwillingtochallengeassumptionsandpushthe8)________________________?Notlettingourfearholdusback?Beingwillingtomake9)__________andtrysomethingnew?Notlettingmistakesand10)___________defineusmistakesboundariesofpossibilitysetbacksUNIT2ReadingInthetext,examplesandquotesareusedtosupporttheauthor’spoints.Matcheachpointwithitscorrespondingexampleorquote.2cbTextunderstanding1Ourwillingnesstotakerisksdoesnotnecessarilyleadtosuccess.2Wecanneverhopetoachievesuccessunlesswe’rewillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortoffailure.Examplesandquotes:a.Ileftmyparents’smallfarmandmovedto“thecity.”b.Anadministrativeassistantworkedherwayupandbecameadeputydirectorinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustry.c.“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”d.“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”Theauthor’spoints:UNIT2ReadingadTextunderstanding3Steppingoutofourcomfortzonecanbeterrifyingandexcitingatthesametime.4Weshouldnotletourmistakesandsetbacksdefineus.Examplesandquotes:a.Ileftmyparents’smallfarmandmovedto“thecity.”b.Anadministrativeassistantworkedherwayupandbecameadeputydirectorinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustry.c.“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”d.“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”UNIT2ReadingReadthetextandidentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationineachstatementisderived.Someparagraphscanbechosenmorethanonce.31

Remainingwithinourcomfortzonelimitsourabilitytoachievevaluableresults.

2

Maximalrewardscometothosewhoarewillingtostepoutoftheircomfortzoneandembracethediscomfortofuncertainty.3

Steppingoutofourcomfortzoneenablesustobecomemoreconfidentandcourageous.4Continuousassessmentcanhelpusjudgewhetherwearelettingfearoffailurepreventusfrommovingforward.TextunderstandingPara.2Para.1Para.2Para.5UNIT2Reading5

Tobesuccessful,onemustembracechange,takerisksandadapttothediscomfortofuncertainty.6Althoughnotallriskswillresultinsuccess,itisstillworthwhiletotakerisks.7Itisnotfailurebutone’sattitudetowarditthatleadstofinalsuccess.8Inthiscompetitiveworld,cautiouslyavoidingriskscanofferlittlesecurity.9Themostsuccessfulpeoplearealwaysthosewhoarewillingtotakerisks.10Despiteexperiencingnumeroussetbacksandcriticismonherroadtosuccess,thefemaleleaderrefusedtoletfearholdherback.TextunderstandingPara.3Para.6Para.7Para.10Para.9Para.4UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★cautious:a.beingcarefulaboutwhatyousayordo,esp.toavoiddangerormistakes;nottakinganyrisks小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的

e.g.Hegaveacautiousreply,notwantingtomakeamistakeorcauseanymisunderstandings.Wordformationcautiously

adv.小心地；謹(jǐn)慎地caution

n.

小心；謹(jǐn)慎UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseFillintheblankwithproperformsofthegivenword.1)Somepeopleacttoo__________intheircareers–theyonlydowhattheyarefamiliarwith,andnevertrynewchallenges.(cautious)2)Somepeoplearetoo________totrynewthings,whichmakesithardforthemtoseizenewopportunities.(caution)3)________！UnmarkedDepth–NoSwimmingWithoutSupervision！(cautious)cautiouslycautiousCautionUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★zone:n.[C]anareaoraregionwithaparticularfeatureoruse（有某特色或作用的）地區(qū)，地帶

e.g.Theshoppingzoneisalwayscrowdedonweekends,withlonglinesandbusystores.Collocationcomfortzone

舒適區(qū)no-parkingzone

禁止停車區(qū)timezone

時(shí)區(qū)pedestrianzone

步行區(qū)UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosetherightexpressiontocompletethesentence.comfortzoneno-parkingzonetimezonepedestrianzone1)WhenyouflyfromBeijingtoNewYork,you’llcross13____________.2)Theoldtowncenterhasbeenturnedintoa________________toreducetrafficaccidents.3)Youcan’tstophere–thisisa_______________markedbytheredline.4)Personalgrowthrarelyhappensinsideyour_____________.Youhavetofacechallengestobecomeabetterversionofyourself.timezonespedestrianzoneno-parkingzonecomfortzoneUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★maximal:a.asmuchoraslargeaspossible最多的；最大的；最大限度的

e.g.Theguests’seatsareangledstrategicallyforamaximalview.

Wordtransformationmaximize

v.使最大化Antonymsminimal

a.

最小的；最少的UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosethebestanswer.Whendesigningasmallapartment,thekeyisto______theavailablespacetomeetdailyneeds,whilekeepingthedecorationcostata______amount.A.maximize;minimalB.minimal;maximizeC.minimize;maximalD.maximal;minimize√

UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★expand:v.tobecomegreaterinsize,number,orimportance;tomakesth.greaterinsize,number,orimportance擴(kuò)大，增加，增強(qiáng)（尺碼、數(shù)量或重要性）

e.g.Thecompanyplanstoexpanditsbusinessinoverseasmarkets.

UNIT2ReadingVocabularySynonyms?expand

用法：1)用于“立體空間、體積、容器容量”的擴(kuò)大，側(cè)重“內(nèi)部空間變廣”。e.g.Thecompanyplanstoexpanditsofficebyaddingtwonewfloors.2)用于“抽象范圍、數(shù)量、內(nèi)容的增長(zhǎng)”，側(cè)重“從少到多、從窄到寬的擴(kuò)散”。常見(jiàn)搭配:expand

one’sknowledge,expand

businessscope,expand

influencee.g.Readingwidelyhelps

expand

yourvocabulary.UNIT2ReadingVocabulary?extend

v.

延伸、延長(zhǎng)用法：1)用于“線性空間、距離”的延伸，側(cè)重“向某一方向拉長(zhǎng)”。e.g.Thegovernmentdecidedtoextendthehighwaytoconnectthetwosmalltowns.2)用于“抽象的延伸、觸及”，側(cè)重“將某事物的作用/覆蓋范圍向外推”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)“數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)”。常見(jiàn)搭配：extend

awarmwelcome,extend

help,extend

coverage；也專門(mén)用于“時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)”，側(cè)重“在原有截止時(shí)間基礎(chǔ)上往后推”。e.g.Couldyou

extend

thedeadlineforthereportbytwodays?UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseUse“expand/extend”tofillintheblanks.1)Thetechfirmaimsto________itsmarketshareinEuropebylaunchingthreenewsmartphonemodelsnextyear.2)Duetohighdemand,themuseumwill_______itsopeninghoursfrom6PMto8PMonweekends.3)Theriver_________itscourseaftertheheavyrain,coveringsomenearbyfarmland.4)Thelocallibraryplansto________itscollectionofchildren’sbooksbypurchasing500newtitlesnextmonth.5)Toaccommodatemorecommuters,thecitywill________thesubwaylinetothewesternsuburbsnextyear.expandextendextendedexpandextendUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★administrative:a.connectedwithorganizingtheworkofabusinessoraninstitution管理的；行政的

e.g.Theadministrativecostshaveincreasedsignificantlyduetofrequentpersonnelturnover.Wordformationadministration

n.管理；行政ExerciseTranslatetheChineseexpressioninbracketsintoEnglish.She____________________________________（大學(xué)主修公共行政管理）,hopingtoworkingovernmentservicelater.majoredinpublicadministrationincollegeUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★deputy:n.[C]sb.whoisdirectlybelowanotherpersoninrank,andwhoisofficiallyinchargewhenthatpersonisnotthere代理人；副手；副職

e.g.Thedeputydirectorassumesalltheresponsibilitieswhenthedirectorisaway.

Synonyms?deputy強(qiáng)調(diào)“可替代性”，可搭配“中低階職位”或“無(wú)固定頭銜的代理角色”，如：deputymayor（副市長(zhǎng)）、deputydirector（副司長(zhǎng)/副總監(jiān)）UNIT2ReadingVocabulary?vice

a.

副的強(qiáng)調(diào)“正式副職身份”，搭配的多為高層、正式或傳統(tǒng)職位，如vicepresident（副總統(tǒng)

/副總裁）、vicechairman（副主席）?associate

a.

輔助的；合伙人強(qiáng)調(diào)“協(xié)作性”,多用于專業(yè)領(lǐng)域或協(xié)作場(chǎng)景，如associateprofessor（副教授）UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseMatchthewordsinColumnAwiththeappropriatenounsinColumnB.EachwordinColumnAshouldbepairedwith2-3nounsinColumnB.ColumnAColumnB

1.deputya.presidentb.managerc.chancellor（財(cái)政大臣）2.viced.professor3.associatee.editorf.mayorUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★scare:vt.tofrightensb.驚嚇；使害怕；使恐懼

e.g.Theunexpectedpopquizinitiallyscaredthestudents,butitultimatelyprovedhelpful.

Wordformationscary

a.可怕的scared

a.

感到害怕的UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosethebestanswer.Thezookeeperwarnedusnottomakeloudnoisesnearthelion’scage,assuddensoundsmight______theanimalandcauseittoactaggressively.A.scaryB.scaredC.scareD.scaring√

UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★setback:n.[C]adifficultyorproblemthatdelaysorpreventssth.,ormakesasituationworse挫折；阻礙

e.g.Asayoungentrepreneur,shefacedasetbackinhercareerwhenherfirststartupfailed,butshedidn’tgiveup.Wordformationsetback

v.

阻礙；推遲UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseTranslatetheChineseexpressioninbracketsintoEnglish.Duetounexpectedissues,themeetinghasbeen_________________________（已從下午2點(diǎn)推遲到4點(diǎn)）.setbackfrom2PMto4PMUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★ruffle:vt.tooffendorupsetsb.slightly使有點(diǎn)生氣；使略為不快

e.g.Maggie’ssharpcommentshadruffledherfriend’sfeathers,creatingtensionbetweenthem.Phrasesandexpressionsruffleone’sfeathers惹惱某人；得罪某人ExerciseTranslatetheChineseexpressioninbracketsintoEnglish.______________________________________________（他對(duì)她工作的隨意評(píng)價(jià)讓她有些不快）,butshetriednottoshowit.HiscasualremarksaboutherworkruffledherfeathersUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★guarantee:n.1)[C]aformalpromisethatsth.willbedone保證；擔(dān)保

e.g.Thereisnoguaranteeofsuccess,buthardworkincreasesyourchances.2)v.topromisetodosth.ortopromisethatsth.willhappen保證

e.g.Heguaranteesthattheprojectwillbefinishedaheadofschedule.Synonyms?guarantee

語(yǔ)氣最正式，有“法律/商業(yè)約束力”，可表“產(chǎn)品擔(dān)?！?，常用于商業(yè)、

法律、產(chǎn)品服務(wù)場(chǎng)景。

e.g.Thebrandguaranteesthislaptopfor3years.UNIT2ReadingVocabulary?promise

v.許諾；保證；答應(yīng)

語(yǔ)氣較隨意，側(cè)重“個(gè)人口頭承諾”，無(wú)強(qiáng)制約束力，主語(yǔ)多為人，常用于日常際交往、個(gè)人承諾場(chǎng)景。

e.g.Shepromisedtocallmeafterthemeeting.?ensure

v.

確保；保證

側(cè)重“通過(guò)行動(dòng)/措施確保某事發(fā)生”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)“承諾”，而是體現(xiàn)“采取手段實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)果”，主語(yǔ)可為人/事物。

e.g.Theschoolhasinstalledsecuritycamerasatallentrancestoensurethesafetyofstudentsandstaff.UNIT2ReadingVocabulary?pledge

v.發(fā)誓；保證；許諾

指“鄭重承諾、發(fā)誓做某事”，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈，常涉及責(zé)任、義務(wù)或公益，多用于正式場(chǎng)合（如演講、合同、公益活動(dòng)），強(qiáng)調(diào)“主動(dòng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的決心”。

e.g.Thecompanypledgedtodonate10%ofitsprofitstoenvironmentalprotection.UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosethebestanswer.Theelectronicsstore______thatalldamagedphoneswillbereplacedwithin7daysofpurchase.Thiscommitmentiswritteninthecustomerservicepolicy.A.promisesB.guaranteesC.ensuresD.pledges√UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★alliance:n.[C]anarrangementinwhichtwoormorecountries,groups,etc.agreetoworktogethertotrytochangeorachievesth.聯(lián)盟;結(jié)盟

e.g.Theyformedanallianceagainsttheircommonenemytoprotecttheirsharedinterests.Wordtransformationally

v.結(jié)盟ally

n.盟友；支持者UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseFillintheblankwithproperformsofthegivenwords.1)Manysmallcountrieshave_______witheachothertoprotecttheirsharednaturalresourcesfromover-exploitation.(alliance)2)Astrong________betweenthetworesearchinstitutionshasledtobreakthroughsinmedicalscience.(ally)3)Thelocalcommunitycenterconsidersvolunteersasimportant______.Theirsupporthelpsrundailyprogramssmoothly.(ally)alliedalliancealliesUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★cast:vt.tomakelight,ashadow,etc.appearinaparticularplace投射（光、影子等）

e.g.Thesettingsuncastanorangeglowoverthemountains.Wordtransformationcast

n.投射；投擲ExerciseTranslatethefollowingChinesesentenceintoEnglish.路燈在墻上投下長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的影子。Thestreetlampis

casting

alongshadowonthewall._____________________________________________UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★extraordinarya.notnormalorordinary;greaterorbetterthanusual不平常的；不一般的；非凡的；卓越的

e.g.Shehasanextraordinaryabilitytosolveproblemsquicklyandcreatively.UNIT2ReadingVocabularyDerivationextra-是黏著語(yǔ)素，僅作前綴，需與詞根結(jié)合成新詞（多為形容詞或名詞）。1)表“額外的、超出常規(guī)的”：在詞根基礎(chǔ)上增