核心素養(yǎng)測評(45分鐘50分)二十八選擇性必修第三冊Unit2HealthyLifestyleⅠ.閱讀理解(共8小題;每小題2.5分,滿分20分)A(2025·廣西名校聯(lián)合調(diào)研)Iwasateenagerwhenitfirsthappened.Itwastheearlyhoursofthemorning,stillsomehoursbeforeIhadtogetoutofbedforschool.Iwokeupandtriedtoturnoverinbed,butmybodywouldn’tletme—Iwasunabletomove,fromheadtotoe.Althoughmybrnwasconscious,mymuscleswerestillasleep.Mybedroomfelthotandrestrictive,asifthewallswereclosingin,andIfeltwrappedandpanicked.Finally,afterabout15seconds,theparalysislifted.Later,Ifoundanameforwhathadhappenedtome:sleepparalysis(睡眠癱瘓癥).It’sasurprisinglycommonconditioninwhichpartofourbrnwakesupwhileourbodyremnstemporarilyfrozen.Atnight,ourbodycyclesthroughfourstagesofsleep.Thefinalstageiscalledrapideyemovementsleep,orREM,auniquephaseofsleepwhenwedream.DuringREM,ourbrnparalyzesourmuscles,probablytostopusphysicallyactingoutourdreamsandhurtingourselves.Althoughscientistsaren’tstillsurewhythesensorypartofourbrnemergesfromREMaheadoftime,whichmakesusfeelawake,doctorssayparalysisismorelikelytooccurwhenwefltofollowournormalsleeppattern.Somesufferersalsofindthatithappenstothemmoreoftenwhentheyaresleepingontheirbacks,thoughtheexplanationforthisisunclear.Afterthatinitialscaryincident,itwentontobecomeafrequentoccurrenceinmylife,withanepisodetakingplaceeverytwoorthreenights.Themoreithappened,thelessfrighteningitbecameformeuntiliteventuallybecamelittlemorethananinconvenience.Butsleepparalysiscanbefarmorelife-affecting.Theconditionwouldcomewithextremelyfrighteninghallucinations,whicharealsonormallythemostdramaticandunforgettableepisodesoftheirsleepparalysis.Peoplehallucinatestrangespecies,devils,ghosts,andeventhreateningaliens.【語篇屬性】語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自我(睡眠癱瘓癥)語篇內(nèi)容文章主要解釋了什么是睡眠癱瘓癥,其發(fā)生的原因和對生活產(chǎn)生的影響續(xù)表語篇結(jié)構(gòu)Para.1Asateenager,Iwasunabletomove,fromheadtotoe.Para.2Later,Ifoundanameforwhathadhappenedtome:sleepPara.lysis.Para.3DuringREM,ourbrnparalyzesourmuscles,probablytostopusphysicallyactingoutourdreamsandhurtingourselves.Para.4Doctorssayparalysisismorelikelytooccurwhenwefltofollowournormalsleeppattern.Para.5Afterthatinitialscaryincident,itwentontobecomeafrequentoccurrenceinmylife.Para.6Butsleepparalysiscanbefarmorelife-affecting.【命題意圖】1.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensleepparalysisoccurred?此題設(shè)置是把信息定位到第二段,本段主要講述了作者經(jīng)歷的一次睡眠癱瘓。本題要求考生根據(jù)對文章信息的理解,從第二段中推斷出作者在睡眠癱瘓發(fā)生時的感受。本題旨在考查考生根據(jù)文章所提供的信息進行推理的能力。2.WhydoesthebrnprobablyparalyzeourmusclesduringREM?此題設(shè)置是把信息定位到第三段,本段主要講述了我們晚上經(jīng)歷的快速眼動睡眠的特征。本題要求考生根據(jù)對文章信息的理解,推斷出大腦會在快速眼動期間麻痹我們的肌肉的原因。本題旨在考查考生根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容對句際之間邏輯聯(lián)系的理解能力。續(xù)表3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hallucinations”inParagraph6referto?此題設(shè)置是把信息定位到第六段,本段主要講述了睡眠癱瘓對生活的不良影響。本題要求考生根據(jù)對文章信息的理解,推斷出“hallucinations”在特定語境中的具體含義。題目設(shè)計旨在考查考查根據(jù)上下文及生活常識理解、猜測詞匯意義的能力。4.Whichaspectofsleepparalysiswillmostlikelybecoveredinthefollowingparagraph?此題設(shè)置是把信息定位到第六段,本段主要講述了睡眠癱瘓對生活的不良影響。本題要求考生根據(jù)對文章信息的理解,推斷文章接下來有可能的續(xù)寫內(nèi)容。本題主要考查考生根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容以及基于對文章的理解,推斷文章后續(xù)發(fā)展的能力。1.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensleepparalysisoccurred?A.Weakandtired. B.Scaredandtrapped.C.Dizzyandrestricted. D.Angryandimpatient.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Mybedroomfelthotandrestrictive,asifthewallswereclosingin,andIfeltwrappedandpanicked.Finally,afterabout15seconds,theparalysislifted.”可知,當睡眠癱瘓發(fā)生時,作者感到害怕并被困住。故選B。2.WhydoesthebrnprobablyparalyzeourmusclesduringREM?A.Topromoterelaxation.B.Toboostbloodcirculation.C.Toenhancemusclestrength.D.Topreventphysicalinjuries.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“DuringREM,ourbrnparalyzesourmuscles,probablytostopusphysicallyactingoutourdreamsandhurtingourselves.”可知,大腦在快速眼動期間麻痹我們的肌肉是為了防止身體傷害。故選D。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hallucinations”inParagraph6referto?A.Visionsofsomethingunreal.B.Scenesofterribleaccidents.C.Picturesofeverydayobjects.D.Memoriesofdlyexperiences.【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Peoplehallucinatestrangespecies,devils,ghosts,andeventhreateningaliens.”可知,睡眠癱瘓會讓人產(chǎn)生幻象。故畫線詞意為“幻象”。故選A。4.Whichaspectofsleepparalysiswillmostlikelybecoveredinthefollowingparagraph?A.Itshealthbenefits.B.Itspossiblecauses.C.Itseffectiveprevention.D.Itscommonsymptoms.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,最后一段提到了睡眠癱瘓對生活的不良影響,推測下一段最可能涉及睡眠癱瘓的有效預(yù)防。故選C。【閱讀障礙】【詞匯積累】restrictiveadj.限制(性)的,約束(性)的paralyze vt.使麻痹;使癱瘓life-affecting adj.影響生活的hallucination n.幻覺,幻想;錯覺hallucinate vt.使產(chǎn)生幻覺【長難句分析】Althoughscientistsaren’tstillsurewhythesensorypartofourbrnemergesfromREMaheadoftime,whichmakesusfeelawake,doctorssayparalysisismorelikelytooccurwhenwefltofollowournormalsleeppattern.分析:本句是主從復(fù)合句,其中,主句是doctorssay...sleeppattern;Althoughscientistsaren’tstillsure是Although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;whythesensorypartofourbrnemergesfromREMaheadoftime是why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句;whichmakesusfeelawake是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,which指代thesensorypartofourbrnemergesfromREMaheadoftime;whenwefltofollowournormalsleeppattern是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。翻譯:雖然科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀徊淮_定為什么我們大腦的感覺部分會在快速眼動中提前出現(xiàn),這讓我們感到清醒,但醫(yī)生們說,當我們不能遵循正常的睡眠模式時,更有可能發(fā)生癱瘓。B(2025·重慶模擬)Ifyou’veneversleptinsocks,youmightwanttogiveitatry.Sleepinginsockshelpstoregulateyourbodytemperature,whichcanleadtofallingasleepfaster,wakingupless,andsleepinginlater,accordingtoresearch.Whenyourcorebodytemperatureisregulated,itmakesforbettersleep,sleepdisordersspecialistBreussd.Temperatureplaysaroleinqualitysleep.Adropincorebodytemperaturesignalstothebodythatit’stimetosleepandoccursalongsidethereleaseofmelatonin—thesleephormone.Expertssuggestkeepingyourbedroombetween68to72degreesFahrenheitforamplesleep.Wearingsocksandsleepinginacoolroomcouldbetheperfectpringforahighqualitynightofrest.Ifyouwearsockstosleep,ensuretheyaren’tsotightthattheyrestrictbloodflow,wroteBreus.It’simportantthesocksarecomfortablesotheydon’tbecomeasleepdistraction.Breusalsosuggestedtheybemadeofbreathablefabricslikecotton,linen,orbamboo.Andyoushouldoptforafresh,cleanpr,nottheonesyouworeallday,sleeptherapistMichelleDrerupsd.Whilesleepinginsocksisworthatrytogetbetterrest,it’snotacure-all.Ifyoufeelasensoryoverloadsleepinginsocks,researchsuggeststhatputtingyourfeetinawarmwaterbathbeforebedcangiveasimilareffect.Also,socksaren’tatreatmentforinsomniaorothersleepproblems—youshouldtalktoamedicalprofessionalforongoingissues.Andpeoplewithcirculation(循環(huán))issuesshouldnotsleepwithsockswithouttalkingtotheirdoctorfirst.Besides,thereareotherwaystostepupyoursleeproutine,andwakeupbetterrested.

【語篇屬性】語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自我(穿襪子睡覺的功能和好處)語篇內(nèi)容本文主要講述了穿襪子睡覺的功能和好處語篇結(jié)構(gòu)Para.1Sleepinginsockshelpstoregulateyourbodytemperature,accordingtoresearch.Para.2Temperatureplaysaroleinqualitysleep.Para.3Whilesleepinginsocksisworthatrytogetbetterrest,it’snotacure-all.5.WhatcanbeinferredfromBreus’opinions?A.Corebodytemperaturedependsonsocks.B.Comfortablesocksareasleepcure-all.C.Abetternightrestimprovesbloodflow.D.Theselectionofsocksissignificant.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。Breus提到穿著襪子睡覺可以幫助調(diào)節(jié)身體核心溫度,從而改善睡眠質(zhì)量。他還強調(diào)了穿著舒適、不限制血液循環(huán)、由透氣面料制成的襪子的重要性,并且建議選擇干凈的襪子。因此,選項D“選擇襪子是重要的”是正確的。故選D。6.Whatdoesthephrase“asensoryoverload”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Acompleterelaxation.B.Astrongstimulation.C.Asenseofsecurity.D.Asenseofrelief.【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。在第三段中,作者提到如果穿襪子睡覺會讓你感到“asensoryoverload”,這是一種不太愉快的體驗,因為緊接著作者提供了一個替代方案:泡一個溫暖的熱水澡腳,這可以產(chǎn)生類似的效果。由此我們可以推斷,“asensoryoverload”指的是一種感官上的過度刺激,這種刺激可能讓人感到不適。選項B“Astrongstimulation.”(強烈的刺激)與“overload”這個詞的負面含義相符,并且與泡熱水腳這一替代方案的感官影響一致。故選B。7.Whatdoesthetextmnlytalkabout?A.Thefunctionofsleepinginsocks.B.Thebodytemperatureinsleep.C.Melatonin’sroleinsleep.D.Methodstoregulatesleep.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。本文的主要內(nèi)容是穿襪子睡覺的功能和好處。A選項符合文章主旨。其他選項雖然在文中有所提及但并不是本文的主要內(nèi)容。故選A。8.Whatwillbetalkedaboutnextinthetext?A.Thenecessityofmedicalconsultations.B.Additionalwaystoimprovesleepquality.C.Thechoiceofsuitablesleepwearmaterials.D.Theimpactofroomtemperatureonsleeppatterns.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。文章最后提到,除了穿襪子睡覺,還有其他方法可以提高睡眠質(zhì)量,這暗示了接下來可能會討論的內(nèi)容。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)(2024·江西九江模擬)Mum-of-threeAlliSmith9herheaviestweightof125kgafterthreedifficultpregnanciescausedhertorisetoasize20.Shewasn’t10withherself,andshewasn’tlivinglifetothefullest.Shedidn’twanttogotoeventsbecauseshedidn’thaveanyclothesthatwouldsuither.

Mostofthetimeshewas11herselfwithdiets.However,snackingonnearlytwoblocksof12anight,the27-year-oldfactoryworkercheweddoughnuts(甜甜圈),chipsandbiscuitsthroughouttheday.Apartfromthat,shewas13chocolateandwasintoitmnlyforthetaste.

Shetriedeverydietunderthesunandwasspendingallthismoneyonallthese14tojustfleverytime.

15tochangeherways,Allisawherdoctor,whorecommendedsheconductgastric(胃部的)sleevesurgerytopreventhealthcomplications(并發(fā)癥)inthefuture16hersize.

Shesoon17hernightlychocolatehabitandhassincedropped35kginjustsevenmonthsand18hersugarheavydietforfreshfruitandsalad.

Now,Allialsohasmore19toplaywithherchildren.“I’mmoreenergetic.Irunaroundwithmy20andthey’reenjoyingit.”saysAlli.Shefeelsmore21thaneverinhernew90kgframe,recentlywearingshortsoutsidethehouseforthefirsttimeinsixyears.Shedelightedlysays,“Mysonsdtome,‘Mum,youlooksopretty.’AndnowIwearwhatIwant,notjustwhat22.I’vefinally23inlosingweightandamontheroadtowhereIwanttobe.”

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了AlliSmith在嘗試了各種節(jié)食方法和改變自己的生活習慣后成功瘦身,從而恢復(fù)健康活力,找回了自信。9.A.remnedB.reachedC.impressed D.enjoyed【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文中的“afterthreedifficultpregnancies”可知,Alli在孕育了三個孩子后開始發(fā)胖,導(dǎo)致最大體重達到了125千克。故選B。10.A.satisfied B.connectedC.careful D.angry【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文中的“andshewasn’tlivinglifetothefullest”可知,變胖的她對自己不滿意。故選A。11.A.begging B.restrictingC.tolerating D.ignoring【解析】選B。根據(jù)上文中的“herheaviestweightof125kg”和“Shedidn’twanttogotoeventsbecauseshedidn’thaveanyclothesthatwouldsuither.”可知,發(fā)胖影響她的生活,所以她限制自己的飲食。故選B。12.A.cake B.chipC.biscuit D.chocolate【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文中的“snackingonnearlytwoblocksof”以及下文“hernightlychocolatehabit”可知,此處指將近兩塊巧克力。故選D。13.A.addictedto B.tiredofC.worriedabout D.devotedto【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文中的“andwasintoitmnlyforthetaste”可知,她吃巧克力主要是為了品嘗味道,這是對巧克力上癮。故選A。14.A.problems B.theoriesC.programmes D.circumstances【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文中的“Shetriedeverydietunderthesunandwasspendingallthismoneyonallthese”可知,為了減肥,她把錢花在節(jié)食的項目上。故選C。15.A.Cruel B.IncredibleC.Desperate D.Unwilling【解析】選C。根據(jù)下文中的“Allisawherdoctor”可知,她求助醫(yī)生是因為渴望改變自己。故選C。16.A.contraryto B.regardlessofC.insteadof D.dueto【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文中的“herheaviestweightof125kg”和常識可知,因為超重會出現(xiàn)并發(fā)癥。故選D。17.A.reliedon B.gaveupC.respondedto D.madeup【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文中的“andhassincedropped35kginjustsevenmonths”可知,她放棄吃巧克力,體重下降。故選B。18.A.exchanged B.stuckC.occupied D.ruined【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文中的“hersugarheavydietforfreshfruitandsalad”可知,她用新鮮水果和沙拉代替高糖飲食。故選A。19.A.life B.timeC.energy D.money【解析】選C。根據(jù)下文中的“toplaywithherchildren.‘I’mmoreenergetic...’”可知,她減肥后有精力和孩子們玩。故選C。20.A.friends B.parentsC.sisters D.kids【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文中的“playwithherchildren”可知,此處指她和孩子們玩。故選D。21.A.confident B.pnfulC.lonely D.shameful【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文中的“thaneverinhernew90kgframe,recentlywearingshortsoutsidethehouseforthefirsttimeinsixyears”可知,減重后的Alli對自己感到更自信了。故選A。22.A.rises B.mattersC.fits D.exists【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文中的“AndnowIwearwhatIwant”可知,減重后的Alli不用只穿合身的衣服了,可以想穿什么就穿什么。故選C。23.A.involved B.resultedC.insisted D.succeeded【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文中的“Shefeelsmore______thaneverinhernew90kgframe”可知,Alli減重成功了。故選D。

Ⅲ.語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)(2025·浙江模擬)Seniorcitizensarethefirsttocometoourmindwhenwethinkofhearingloss,butinarecentreport,hearingprofessionalsworryteenagerswillsoonoutnumberagingadults24.______itcomestolivingwithhearingloss.

TheriseinpopularityofpersonalaudiodevicesfromiPodstosmartphoneshashaddangerouseffectontheearsofthosewhousethemmost—teenagers!Astudy25.______(conduct)bytheWorldHealthOrganizationfindsthatnearly50%ofteens26.______(fall)intothehabitofexposingthemselvestounsafelevelsofsoundsofar.

Asoundisconsideredunsafewhenitgoesbeyond85decibels(分貝).Atthatlevel,ittakesjust8hoursoflisteningoveryourlifetimetocausedamage.Thelouderthesoundis,the27.______(little)timeittakestocausedamage.Becausehearinglossis28.__