二副面試前重要應(yīng)準備有關(guān)職責范圍內(nèi)的問題，如圖海圖(電子海圖)、怎樣修

正海圖、地理常識、海事專業(yè)出版社及船上圖書館的管理、制定航路計劃、船

上藥物管理、裝卸貨值班、正常海上值班、垃圾處理、其他所負責的設(shè)備的維

護和保養(yǎng)等問題。當然，也也許會問及《國際安全管理規(guī)則》USM)以及《企

業(yè)安全管理體系》方面的知識和問題。就目前中國船員整體狀況而言，二副職

位的貽員英文水平和業(yè)務(wù)水平越來越好。對于沒有外派經(jīng)歷的二副，提議抓緊

時間補習(xí)英文,尤其是專業(yè)英文,下面搜集了一部分問題,可供參照"

I.Canyoutellmeaboutyoureducationbackgroundandworkingexperience?(Omitt

ed)Pleaserefertothesamequestionsforthemaster.

2.Canyoutellmeaboutyourlastvessel?(Omitted)Pleaserefertotheanswerstothe

samequestionstothemasterorchiefofficer.

3.WhatareyourresponsibilitiesasaSecondOfficer?TheSecondOfficeristhenavi

gationalofficerandsometimesalsomedicalofficeronboard.Besides,theSecondOf

ficershallassisttheChiefOfficer.Hisdutiesmayincludethefollowing:

(1)Navigationwatchkeeping(from1200to1600,andfrom0000to0400);

(2)Chartandnavigationalpublicationcorrections;

(3)Passageplanmaking;

(4)Usuallyworkingasthedesignatedcommunicationsofficer;

(5)Maintenanceofcommunicationequipment,instrumentsandsparepartsonboard

theskip;

(6)Careofallthebasicnavigationequipmentandinstruments,includingmagneticco

mpasses,gyrocompasses,gyrorepeaters,rimechanges,depthsoundersandcoursere

cordcr.

(7)Maintenanceofinventoriesof(hestationery

(8)Medicalduties,andotherdutiesdesignatedbytheMasterorChiefOfficer.(9)So

meotherworkdesignatedbymasterorChiefOfficer.

二副應(yīng)當能用自己的語言流利地說出自己的職責。

4.Pleasebrieflydescribetheprocedureofdealingwithnavigationalwarnings.Firstly

,IshallregisterthenavigationalwarningsintheRegisterBookandrecordthewarnin

gnumberinthecard.Secondly,Ishallselectthechartsthatareaffectedbythewarni

ngs.ThenIshallusepens,scissorsandgluestofixpermanentnotices.Ishallalsouse

pencilstofixteni-poraryandpreliminarynotices.Thechartsaretobecorrectedacc

ordingtoalltheconcernedwarnings.WhenIcorrectthechart,Ishallfrequentlycons

ultthegeographicalindex.

5.Canyoudescribethechartscorrectionprocedures?Pleaserefertothesamequestio

nforLheMaster.Firstly,theSecondOfficerhastomakesurethathehasreceivedthe

latestNoticetoMarinerand(hathehastowritethenoticerequestontime.TheMaste

rshallmakeemergencyrequestifthelatestisnotreceived.Secondly,theSecondOffi

cerhastorecordtheNoticetoMarineronthecorrectionlogsontimeaccordingtoth

cchronologicalorder.Thirdly,whencorrectingthechart,hehastomakesurethatthe

lastsmallcorrectionhasbeenmadeonthechart.Erasureshouldneverbemadewhe

ndeletinginformationcrossedthrough.Instead,seriesofshortdoublestrokesshould

beusedwhilecorrectionfluidshouldnotbeused.Alwaysinsertinformationbeforey

oudeleteanyinformation.

任何海圖和維護海圖是二副最重要的職責之一，對于海圖更新的有關(guān)程序是考

官常?？嫉降念}目，一定要好好準備。關(guān)鍵是怎樣用自己的話表述出這個復(fù)雜

的過程。

6.Whoshoulddraftthepassageplanonboard?Whatareincludedinpassageplan?

Whenyoumakethepassageplan,whatinformationdoyouneed?Usually,thepassag

cplanshouldbepreparedhytheSecondOfficerandapprovedbytheMaster.During

passage,whenanerrorormistakeisfoundaboutthepassageplan,itshouldbereport

edtotheMasterfirstandcorrectedafterwardsbytheSecondOfficer.Butduringvoy

agethepassageplancannothechangedwithouttheMastersapproval.Thepassagep

Ianshouldincludesuchinformationaswaypoints,thedistancebetweenwaypoints,

courses,current,tide,weatherconditionsandmeansofcommunications,meansoffix

ingpositionandintervalandsoon.Besides,thefollowinginformationandpublicatio

nsarenecessaryinmakingthepassage-plan:sailingdirections,pilotbook,portentry

guidance,tidetable'slocalareawarning,warningfromtheNAVAREAareas,listof1

ighlandradiosignals,AdmiraltyNoticetoMariner,seachartandcatalogueofadmira

Itychartsandotherpublications.

7.Whatisthescope(hepassageplancover?Ifyoumissoneortwobigorsmallscale

chartsfornextvoyage,cantheshipgiveseagoingornot?Thepassageplanshouldc

overthesailingroutefromberthtoberth.Lackofinformationforsomeareasmaylea

dtosomeseriousaccidents.Theshipcannotgoifoneortwochartsarenotavailable.

8.Ifthesignalof"threeredlightsverticallyaligned"isfoundonhoardashipduring

nightvoyage,whatdoyouthinkiswrongwiththeship?Ifamotorshipismovingun

dertheway,butnotundercommand,whatkindofsignalsshouldsheuse?Onwhato

ccasiondoyoudisplaytwoblackballsduringtheday?Thevesselisconstrainedbyh

crdraught.Itisveryhardforhertomaneuver.Ourvesselshouldgiveawideberthan

dtakeactionstokeepawayfromher.Themotorshipshouldusenot-under-controllig

hts,i.e.,tworedlightsverticallyalignedduringnighttime,andtwoblackballsvertic

allyalignedduringdaytime.Weshalldisplaytwoblackballswhenourvesselcannot

getoutthewayofanother.

多種信號燈的含義和英文表達也是面試中常常提到的問題。但愿二副全面復(fù)習(xí)

一下這方面的知識。請參閱COLREG1972"NAVIGATIONUGHTS”部分。

9.Pleasedescribehowyoulakecareofthemagneticcompass.Theliquidmagneticc

ompassshouldberegularlycheckedforairbubblesanditshouldalv/aysbecovered

whenitisnotinuse.Thedeviationofthecompassshouldbecheckedandobservedd

uringeverywatch.

10.Howdoyousetandadjustgyrocompass?TheSecondOfficershouldfrequentlyc

heckthegyrocompass*error.Actually,gyrocompassaccuracyshoulcbecheckedatle

astonceadayatseaandatanchor,andforeachcoursesteered.Duringthewatch,the

simultaneouscheckshouldbemadeatleasthourly.Ifthereisanysignifi-cantdeviat

ionerror,theSecondOfficershouldreportittotheMasterandrecordintheCompass

RecordBookandDeckLogbook.Theelectronicdevicesshouldbekeptawayfromt

hecompassesinareasonabledistance.TheChiefOfficerorotherdesignatedofficers

shouldtesttheerrorinthemorningandevening.

11.WhatareyourresponsibilitiesastheSecondOfficerwhilethevesselisinport?M

yresponsibilitiesaretokeepgoodwatch,toensurethesafetyoflife,theshipandthe

cargoandtomaintaingoodworkingordersonthevessel.DuringmywatchIshouldb

eawareofthedraft,underkeelclearance,thestateofship,themooringconditionsso

astoavoiddangerouslisting,trimorhullstressduringcargooperation.Ishouldalso

makesure(hatde-ballasiingcausesnomarinepollution.1shouldwatchandsupervise

theloadingprocessandreportanyincidentoraccidenttotheChiefOfficer.

12.Pleasetellmethedifferencebetweenthegreatcircleline()andrhombline()?Int

hcory,thegreatcirclelineistheshortestdistancebetweentwoplaces,whiletheihom

blineislongerthanthegreatcircleline.However,itisveryhardforavesseljusttot

akethecirclelineorrhombline.

13.Duringcargoloading,ifyoufindcargodamagesinholds,whatshouldyondo?I

shouldrecordtheminwritingorevenphotographthedamagesandreportthesituatio

nstotheChiefOfficerimmediately.TheChiefOfficershouldreportittothetallyman

andaskthemtoreplacethecargo,ifpossible.Atthesametime,theofficeronduty

shouldmaketheon-the-spotrecord.Ifthedamagesarereallyveryserious,weshould

reporttotheMasterandaskforhisinstructions.

14.Whenyouusuallydothechartwork?Whenyouarekeepingwatch,canyoudo

thechartwork?Whenever1receivetheNoticetoMariner,Iwilldoihecorrectionan

ddrawingassoonaspossible.

Generally,Ishouldnotdothechartv/orkwhenamkeepingwatch.Doingchartwork

duringwatchkeepingcangiveriseiosomepotentialdangertothemaneuvering

ofthevessel.

15.Whatisthemaximumbloodalcoholconcentration(BAG)raleonboard?

AccordingtotheSTCWCode,theBACshallnotbemorethan0.08%byweightat

anytimewhenbeingtested.Watch-keepersarenotallowedtodrinkanyalcoholic

beverage4hoursbeforetheirwatch.Besides,whenbunkering,loadingand

unloading,mooringandunmooring,4hoursbeforeandafterportall,thesailoron

boardcannothaveanyalcoholicdrinks.

16.Pleasetellmeyourdutiesas(hemedicalofficer.Iamresponsibleformaintaining

themedicalinventory.Ishouldkeepagoodrecordoftheuseofdifferentmedicines

andmakesurethattheaidebagsarcatproperlocations.Ishouldalsobecarefulwith

themedicinelocker.Theexpiredmedicinesshouldbereplacedontime.Whensome

importantmedicinesareoutofstock,IshouldreporttotheMasterandmake

reqnisilidnlorsupply.

17.WhendoyoucalltheMasterto(hebridge?In(hefollowingsituations,according

totheSMSmanual,IwillhavetocalltheMastertothebridge:

(1)WhenthevisibilityislowerthantheonementionedintheMaster'sstandingorder

;(2)Breakdownofthemainengine,steeringgear,gyro-compassoranyothercritical

equipmentrelatedtothesafetyofthevessel;

(3)Whentheship'spositionandsoundingareunusualorstrange;

(4)Whenthenavigationalmarksorsoundingdonotappearasexpected;

(5)Whenheavyweatherisencountered;

(6)Whentheshipisbehavinginanunusualway;

(7)Whenmarinepollutionisseenorsuspected;

(8)Whendistressmessageisreceivedoraccidentobserved;

(9)Anyothersituationwhentheofficersareindoubt;

(10)Whenevertheshipisindanger;

懂得何時叫船長到駕駛臺是非常重要的，這對船舶的安全航行非常重要，一

般船長在bridgeorder或standingorder里均有詳細的闡明，STCW95公約有關(guān)船

員值班部分也有詳細的規(guī)定。

18.WhenRADARandARPARareinuse,dotheyrelieveyourdutyoflockoutasa

watch-

keeper?No,theseapparatusesdonotrelievethewatchofficerofhisdutytomaintain

aproperlockoutatalltimes.Thisisveryimportanttothemaneuveringofthevessel.

Accidentsoftenarisebecauseoftheofficers'completedependenceontheRADAR,

ARPAR.GPSandotherequipment,especiallyinhazardousareas,suchasthecoast

andportareas,lowvisibilityarea,restrictedareasandheavywealherregions.Allin

all,therulesandregulationoftheCOLREG1972mustbestrictlyobeyed.

19.WhatdoyouknowaboutECandECDB?ECmeansElectronicChart,andECDIS

meansElectronicChartandInformationSystem.Thissystemusesthecomputer

technologytoprovidechartdetailsonavisualdisplayunit,combinedwithanautoma

ticindicationofship'sposition,andpossiblyaradarimage,andanavigationaide.

Thiskindofchartneedsbasiccomputeroperationskillsandautomationknowledge.

20.CanyoutellmethemaincontentsofatypicalAdmiraltyNoticetoMariner?How

didyouget(heNoticetoMarineronyourlastvessel?TheAdmiraltyNoticeto

MarinersisamaritimepublicationissuedbytheHydrographicDepartmentofthe

UnitedKingdom.TheyincludeAdmiraltyNotices,AustralianandNewZealand

Notices.Theyarepublishedonaweeklybasis.Thereisalsoanannualsummary

version.TheAdmiraltyNoticetoMarinerincludes6sections.Sectionone,

ExplanatoryNotesandindexestoSectiontwo.Sectionstwo.AdmiraltyNoticesto

Mariners-Correctionstocharts.Section(hree,reprintsofRadioNavigationalWarning

s.Sectionfour,CorrectionstoAdmiraltySailingDi-rections.Sectionfive,Correctio

nstoAdmiraltyListoflightsandFogSignals.Sectionsix.CorrectionstoAdmiralty

listofRadioSignals.Onmylastship,theshipownerprovideduswiththeNoticeto

Marinersineverymajorport.Htheyfailed(ogiveus(heNotice,we*11sendthema

requestforthis.

21.ItisveryimportanttogetridoftheoutdatedchartsandotherSMSdocumentson

board.Why?Itisveryimportanttokeepthelatestrevisedcharts(alsosomeotherIS

Mdocumentsonboard)inthedeckandengineroom,andkeepawaythoseout-of-da

tedchartsbecauseafteraperiodoftime,yonwillnotheabletoknowwhatdocument

sarethenewestones.Themixtureoftheoldandnewdocumentsonboardcaneasily

giverisetosomeproblemsforthesafetyofhevessel.Soitisveryimportanttodo

awaywiththeobsoletedocumentsassoonaspossible.

22.Howdoyoumaintaintheclocks?Iamresponsibleforthevesselclocksexceptfo

rthoseintheengineroom.Beforegettingunderway,clocksshallbecomparedand

synchronized,andthesynchronizationrecordshallbeenteredintotheDeckLogbook

23.UnderwhatsituationsdoyoucaEtheengineroomwhenyouareonduty?

(1)Wheneveri(isnecessarytomakesurethatengineroomandbridgeclocksaresyn

chronizcd;

(2)Atleastonehourbeforestartingorendingaseapassage;

(3)Assoonasitappearsthatengineoperationmaneuversmayberequired,withone

hour'snoticeifpossible;

(4)Whenevertheshipmachineryoperationmaybeaffectedbyweatherorother

conditionchanges,suchasshallowwaterapproach,concentrationofmarinelifeor

seaweed,iceinwater,orchangeoftrimordraftduetoballastingshifting;

(5)Onehourbeforeinertgassystemoperationisrequired(fortanker);

(6)Onehourbeforesteamisrequiredondeck;

(7)Wheneverthetemperaturefallsto2degreeCentigradetopreventdamageto

equipment;

(8)Atleastonehourbeforethestandbygeneratorisrequired;

(9)Wheneverthecargopumpsarcused;

(10)Onehourpriortogettingunderway.

24.Whatshouldyoudofirstafteryonjoinavessel?Firstly,Ishallfiimiliarizemyself

withtheFamiliarizationBooklet,(heMusterListsandEmergencyCardinmycabin.

Second.IshallreporttotheMasterandgetfamiliarwithotherofficersandcrewonb

oardthevessel.Third,withaccompanimentoftherelievedSecondOfficer,Ishallha

veaninspectionofthoseitemshewasresponsiblefor.Ishalldiscussimmediately

withtheMasteronanyunsatisfactoryconditions,includingequipmentmalfunctions.

IshallalsotakeoverallthedocumentstheSecondOfficershouldtakecareof.A

goodhandoverwiththerelievedSecondOfficeristhemostimportantthingforme.

25.Whendoyouhavetochangefromtheautomaticsteeringtomanualsteering?The

steeringmodeshouldbechangedfromautomatictomanualmodeunderthefollowin

gcircumstances:(I)inanyemergencysituations;(2)indiminishingandrestricted

visibility,asdefinedbytheMaster;(3)whentheship'ssteeringinshallowwater;(4)

whentheMasterthinksnecessary.Whenthesteeringmodeischanged,thewatch

officersshallsupervisetheprocess.

26.Ifshipcollisionhappenswhenyouareonduly,whalprocedureshouldyoufollow

?Ishouldfollowtheemergencychecklist.Firstly,Iwillsoundthealarmforemergen

cy;Secondly,IwillinformtheMasterimmediately;Thirdly,Iwillinformtheengine

roomandprepareenginestandby;Aftershipcollision,allthetanksshouldbesounde

dandtheshipowner,managershouldbeinformedoftheaccident.Theaccident

reportshouldalsobesenttotheallconcernedpartiesandthecoastcountry.Andall

theaboveactions,ship'sposition,times,etc.shouldberecordedproperly.

27.Beforetheshipsailstoanewport,ifyoudonothaveoneortwonecessarycharts

,whatshouldyoupossiblydo?Ifpossible,IwillaskforhelpfromtheMaster.Ifthe

Mastercannothelp,ImayasklorhelpfromIhevesselssailinginthesamearea.Any

way,1willtrytosolvetheproblembeforethevesselsailstotheport.

這是一種合格的二副所應(yīng)當具有的應(yīng)變的能力。相信絕大多數(shù)船東都能準時提

供海圖，不過萬一出現(xiàn)上述狀況，二副應(yīng)千方百計想措施弄到海圖。

28.Whatissafetyspeedduringsailing?Whatfactorsshouldyouconsiderhideciding

thespeedofavesselduringsailinghithesea?

Thesafespeedisthespeedatwhichthevesselcantakeproperandeffectiveactions

tobestoppedinasafedistance.Thefollowingfactorsshouldbetakenintoaccountto

achievesafespeed:visibility,numberofshipsin(hearea,theship'smaneuverability,

windforce,seatideandcurrent,backgroundlights,draughtandavailabledepthof

water,proximityofnavigationalhazards,standardandoperationoftechnical

equipmentonboard,iceconditionandsoon.

29.Whennavigatinginacrossingsituation,asmasterordutyofficer,whatanti-collis

ionmeasuresshouldbetaken?Whenthevesselsareproceedonhead-oncondition,

whatanti-collisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whenapower-drivenshipandsailing

meetinthesea,whatanti-collisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whentwopower-driven

shipsarccrossing,theshipwhichhastheothershiponherownstarboardsideshall

keepoutofway.Todothis,thisshipcaneitheraltercoursetostarboardsideorslow

downherspeedinordertoavoidcollision.Whentwopower-drivenshipsaremeeting

head-onsituationornearhead-onsituation,eachshipshallaltercoursetostarboards

othattheycanpassontheportsideofeachotheratasafedistance.Whenashipsails

atahigherspeedovertakesanothership,theshipshallsailsathigherspeedorshalla

Iteritscoursetoavoidcollision.Apower-drivenshipshallkeepoutofthewayofa

sailingship.Thiscanhedoneeitheralteringitscourseorspeeduptoavoidcollision.

30.Youcirethewatchofficeratanchoronan8000-tonshipwhichisabout400feet

long.Iftheweatherbecomesfoggyandfoggy,whatprecautionsshouldyoutake?I

wouldstationamanforwardwithorderstoringtheship'sbellrapidlyforabout5sec

ondseveryminutesandanothermanafttosoundthegonglikewise.Ship'swhistleor

sirenwouldbereadyforuseincaseofnecessitytogivewarningofmypositiontoa

vesselapproaching.Thesignalsforthiswarningshallbe3blastsinsuccession.

31.Whenshouldaturnover(handover)ofwatchbedeferredorpostponed?Usually,

underthefollowingsituations,theturnovercanbedeferredorevenpostponed:

(1)Ktheofficeronwatchhasreasontobelievethattherelievingofficerisobviously

notabletocarryouthisdutieseffectively;

(2)whenbridgemaneuverustakingplace,turnoverofwatchmustbedeferreduntil

theactioniscompletedandtheshipisinasafeconditionforthereliefofthewatchto

takeplace.

32.Underwhatconditionsshouldyouasofficeronwatchchangetheship'sspeed?R

efertotheQuestionsandReferenceAnswersfortheChiefOfficer.

33.Whatactionsshouldbetakenwhenrestrictedvisibilityisencounteredorexpected

?(1)Callornotifythemaster;(2)Sv/iichonthenavigationallights;(3)Switchonan

dsoundfogsignals;(4)SwitchonARPAandRadar;(5)Shifttomanualsteeringfor

maneuver;(6)postadditionallockout;(7)Informandadviseengineroomforanyem

crgencymaneuvers.

34.Whatprecautionarymeasuresaretobedone12hoursbeforearrivalatordepartur

efromanyport?Ishalltestthefollowingbeforeenteringorgettingunderway:(1)Pri

m;iryandsecondarysteeringgear:(2)Internalcontrolcommunicationsandconlroli\]

arm;(3)Standbyandemergencygenerator;(4)storagebatteriesforemergencylighti

ng.(5)Mainpropulsionaheadandastern.

35.Whatshouldyoudoincaseofsteeringfailure?Whenthereisasteeringfailure,I

shallreporttothemasterimmediately,sothathemaytakewhateveractionsarcrequi

red.Atthesametime,providednofurtherincidentsoccur,hoistthesignalsforavess

elnotundercommand.Atthesametime,informtheengineroomanddeterminetheti

menecessaryforrepairs,ifpossible,sothatthenecessarypreparationscanbemadeo

n(hebridge.

36.Whenisgreatcirclesailingmostadvantageous?Pleaseexplainbriefly.Theshorte

stdistancebetweentwomeridiansisthearcofthegreatcircleconta:ncdbetweenthe

setwopoints.Theadvantagesofusingthegreatcirclesailingaremostobviousinhig

hlatitudes,wherethereisalargedifferenceoflongitudebetweenthepointsofdepart

ureanddestination.

37.Howdoyoudothechartwork?TThechartworkmustbesodetailedthattheMas

terorrelievingofficercaneasilyandquicklyfindouttheship'slastknownposition

andfromthattheycandetermineitspresentposition.Detailedchartworkincludes

courseline,DRpositionmarkedwithtimeanddistance,observedpositionwithlime

anddistanceplusthepositionfixingmethod.Specialnoteslikewhen(heMaster

shouldbeinformedandwhentoslowdown,etc.arealsoneededinsomedangerous

areas.

38.Ifamanisoverboard,whatactionsshouldyoutakeimmediately?Ishouldthrow

himalifebuoyandfollowtheemergencyprocedure.Thatistosay,Ishouldsoundthe

alarm,informtheMasterandtheengineroom,maketheWilliamsonTurnandkeep

constantlockout.

39.Whatisconfinewaters?Whatfactorshouldyoutakeintoaccountwhenyou

makepassageplanintheconfinedwaters?Confinedwatersmeansanareaofthesea

wherethewidthofthesafelynavigablewaterwayisnotmorethanabout2miles,

suchasastrait,consideringthedraftofthevesselandwaterdepth.Fornavigationin

confinedwaters,Ishallconsiderthefollowingmattersinplanningapassage:

(1)Presence/absenceofspecialnavigationalrulesanditemstoreport.

(2)Informationonthesailingdirections,coastpilot,andsoon.

(3)Thedraftofthevesselandthenavigableareaofthesea.

(4)Thceffectofsinkageofthehull(squat)andkeepingenoughunderkeelclearance.

(5)Tides,andatidalcurrent.

(6)Weatherconditionsandcounter-measuresagainstrestrictedvisibility.

(7)Useofnavigationaidstogiveasign,andsettingofParallelIndex(linefbravoidi

ngdanger).

(8)Passingtimeofdangerpoints(daylight/night-time)?

(9)Thedegreeofcongestedwater-traffic,crowdedareawithfishingboats,andcount

er-measuresfortheabovementioned.(10)Thevessel'smaneuveringability.(11)Nec

essity/lackofnecessityfbradjustmentofthevessel'sspeed.

40.Whatissafetyspeedduringsailing?Whatfactorsshouldyouconsiderindeciding

thespeedofavesselduringsailinginthesea?Thesafespeedisthespeedatwhicht

hevesselcantakeproperandeffectiveactionstohestoppedinasafedistance.Thefo

llowingfactorsshouldbetakenintoaccounttoachievesafespeed:visibility,number

ofshipsinthearea,theship'smaneuverability,windforce,seatideandcurrent,hack

groundlights,draughtandavailabledepthofwater,proximityofnavigationalhazard

s,standardandoperationoftechnicalequipmentonboard,iceconditionandsoon.

41.Whennavigatinginacrossingsituation,asmasterordutyofficer,whatanti-collis

ionmeasuresshouldbetaken?Whenthevesselsarcproceedonhead-oncondition,w

hatanti-collisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whenapower-drivenshipandsailingnice

tinthesea,whatanti-collisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whentwopower-drivenship

sarecrossing,theshipwhichhastheothershiponherownstarboardsideshallkeep

outofway.Todo(his,thisshipcaneitheraltercoursetostarboardsideorslowdown

herspeedinordertoavoidcollision.Whentwopower-drivenshipsaremeetinghead-

onsituationornearhead-onsituation,eachshipshallaltercoursetostarboardsothat

theycanpassontheportsideofeachotheratasafedistance.Whenashipsailsatah

igherspeedovertakesanothership,theshipshallsailsathigherspeedorshallalterits

courseloavoidcollision.Apower-drivenshipshallkeepoutofthewayofasailings

hip.Thiscanbedoneeitheralteringitscourseorspeeduptoavoidcollision.

42.WhatisISMCode?HowmanychaptersarethereinISMCoderow?WhatisDO

CancSMC?ISMmeansInternationalManagementCodefortheSafeOperationofS

hipsandforPollutionPrevention.IlismadebytheIMO.TheISMCode(asamended

)includes16chaptersfallingintotwoparts:implementation(panone),andverificati

onandcertification(parttwo).The16chaptersare:general,safetyandenvironmentp

rotectionpolicy,companyresponsibilitiesandauthority,designatedperson(s),mast

cr'sresponsibilitiesandauthority,resourcesandpersonnel,developmentofplansfors

hipboardoperation,emergencypreparedness,reportsandanalysisofnon-conformity,

accidentsandhazardousoccurrences,maintenanceoftheshipandequipment,(locum

enlation,companyverification,reviewandevaluation,certificationandverifications

andcontrol,certificationandperiodicalverification,verification,interimcertification

,andformsofcertificates.Thelastfourchaptersarenewlyaddedinthenewversion

ofISMCode.SMSmeanssafetymanagementsystem,andthissystemismadebased

onthe16elementsofISMCode,whichisacompulsorypartSO-LAS74.Theship-o

wnerormanagercannotgetDocumentofCompliance(DOC)andSMCwithoutaudit

edSafetyManagementCertificate(SMC)byClassdesignatedbytheflagregistryco

untryadministration.

43.Incaseoflossofbridgecontrol,whatimmediateactionsdoyoutake?Incaseoft

hevesselfallintolossofbridgecontrolresultfromtroubleinthemainengine,steerin

ggear,etc.,theOfficeroftheWatchshallimmediatelytakethefollowingmeasures:

*StoppingEngine(incasetroubleofsteeringengine);*Alertingothervesselssailin

gnearby;(Bymeansoflightsfbr"notundercommand",whistleorVHF);*Reporlin

gtoiheMaster(ChiefEngineer);*Confirmingthevesselposition;*Estimatingthe

driftingdirectionandspeed.44.Canyounamesomepublicationsonboardtheship?

下面列舉某些海事出版物，供參照。

Standardlibraryonboard(applicableforallships)

NameofthepublicationPublishedLocation

by

SOLAS97IMOBridge

MABPOL73/78Bridge

MANUALONOILPOLLUTIONContingencyplanningBridge

MANUALONOILPOLLUTIONSalvageBridge

MANUALONOILPOLLUTIONCombatingoilspillBridge

LoadLine1966IMOBridge

LoadLineSupplementarytoLoadLine1966IMOBridge

COLREGl'972RevisionIMOBridge

STCW95IMOBridge

WorkshopMaterialOnImplementationofRevisedSTCWCIMOBridge

onvention

MARSARMANUALIMOBridge

GMDSSHANDBOOKBridge

Ship'sRoutingIMOBridge

Ship'sRoutingAmendments1992Bridge

InternationalCodeofSignalsBridge

GuidetoHelicopter/ShipOperationICSBridge

BridgeProcedureDudeICS/OCIMBridge

F