SAPABAP_4編程語法匯總(中文版SAP培訓(xùn)信息，請進(jìn)入一、DataType(數(shù)據(jù)類型)C:字符(串),長度為1,最大有65535BYTES,初始值為:space,例:‘M’;D:日期, 格式為YYYYMMDD,最大是’9999/12/31’,例:’1999/12/03’.F:浮點(diǎn)數(shù), 長度為8,例如:4.285714285714286E-01I:整數(shù) 范圍:-2^31~2^31-1N:數(shù)值組成的字符串:011,P:packed數(shù),用于小數(shù)點(diǎn)數(shù)值,例如:T:HHMMSS,’14:03:00’,’21:30:39’.X:16‘1A03’.變量宣告包含name,length,type,structure等,語法如下: <F>[<length>]<type>[<value>][<decimals>]其中:<f>:變量名稱,最長30個(gè)字符,不可含有+,.,:( 等字符<length><type>:<value>:Example1:DATA:COUNTERTYPEPDECIMALSNAME(10)TYPECVALUE‘Delta’, TYPEDVALUE‘19991203’.ExampleDATA:BEGINOFNAME(10)TYPEC, TYPE TYPEPDECIMALS2,ENDOFPERSON.DATACONSTANTS(宣告常數(shù))、STATICS(SY-SUBRC: 系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行某指令后,表示執(zhí)行成功與否的變量,’0’表示成功SY- SAP 當(dāng)前執(zhí)行程序的TransactioncodeSY-INDEX: 當(dāng)前LOOP循環(huán)過的次數(shù)SY- internaltableSY-TMAXL:InternaltableSY-SROWS:屏幕總行數(shù); SY-MANDT:CLIENTNUMBER SY- SAPSystemApplicationProductsinDataABAP/4:AdvancedBusinessApplicationABAP/4:ToolsABAP/4WorkBenchABPA/4EditorABAP/4ABAP/4,*,/整行注釋用’*’一.WRITEWRITE:‘USERNAMEIS:’,SY-UNAME.WRITE:[AT][/][<pos>][(<len>)]資料項(xiàng)<pos>:指定輸出的行號;<par>: RIGHT-JUSTIFIED資料靠右對齊UNDER 正對在數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)<g>NO- USINGEDITMASK<m>:使用內(nèi)嵌子元顯示,如USINGNOEDITMASK:NO- 數(shù)字前面0 DECIMALS<d>: 顯示<d>位小數(shù)EXPOENT F(浮點(diǎn)數(shù))指數(shù)的ROUND 四舍五入至小數(shù)點(diǎn)后<r>CURRENCY<c>: DD/MM/YY: 1:WRITE:/10(6)輸出結(jié)果為 2:DATA:XTYPEIVALUE TYPECVALUE WRITE:/XUSINGEDITMASK‘::’.WRITE:/XUSINGEDITMASK‘$,’.WRITE:/YNO-GAP.語法:WRITE:<symbol-name>ASSYMBOL.WRITE:<icon-name> ASICON.例如: WRITE:/‘Phonesymbol:’,SYM_PHONEASSYMBOL.WRITE:/‘AlarmIcon:’,ICON_VOICE_OUTPUTASICON.SYMBOLICON,接下來按’Display’即可.§INTERNAL一.InternalTableABAP/4InternalTableDataStructure,類似于其它語言中的STRUTURE,它可以由幾internaltable:DATA:BEGINOFSTUDENTOCCURS20,STD_IDTYPEN,NAME(10)TYPEC,AGETYPEBIRTHTYPESCORETYPEPDECIMALS2,ENDOFSTUDENT.此時(shí)我們已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建了名叫STUDENTinternaltable,并且為它預(yù)先申請了能夠存放20Buffer(20Buffer)Internaltable格式一 DATA:BEGINOF<internal <field1> TYPE<type1>,[<field TYPE<type<field TYPE<type END <internal格式二 TYPES:BEGINOF<work<field1> TYPE<type1>,[<field TYPE<type<field TYPE<type ENDOF<workTYPES<internaltable>TYPE<workarea>OCCURS格式三 DATA:BEGINOF<workINCLUDESTRUCTURE<tableDATA:ENDOF<workDATA:<internaltable>LIKE<workarea>OCCURSAPPEND格式:APPEND[<work TO]<internalworkarea)DATA:BEGINOFLINE,COL1TYPECOL2TYPEI,ENDOFLINE. ITABLIKELINEOCCURS10.DO2TIMES.LINE-COL1=SY-LINE-COL2=SY-INDEX**2.APPENDLINETOITAB.LOOPATITABINTOWRITE:/LINE-COL1,LINE- workDATA:BEGINOFITABOCCURSCOL1TYPEI,COL2TYPEENDOFDO2ITAB-COL1=SY-ITAB-COL2=SY-INDEX**2.APPENDITAB.LOOPATWRITE:/ITAB-COL1,ITAB-Internaltable格式:APPENDLINESOF<itab1>[FROM<n1>][TO<n2>]TOAPPENDLINESOFITABTOJTAB.三.COLLECTCOLLECTInternaltableAPPENDCOLLECT COLLECT[<workarea>INTO]<itab>DATA:BEGINOFITABOCCURS3, TYPEC, TYPEENDOFITAB-COL1=‘ABC’. ITAB-COL2=10. ITAB-COL1=‘XYZ’. ITAB-COL2=20. ITAB-COL1=‘ABC’. ITAB-COL2=80. 此時(shí),internaltable2ITAB- ITAB- 四 INSERTinternaltable格式:INSERT[<wa>INTO][INITIALLINEINTO]<itab>[INDEX或者:INSERTLINESOF<itab1>[FROM<n1>TO<n2>]INTO<itab2>INDEX其中:<wa>workarea,工作區(qū)中的元素.[INITIALLINEINTO]<itab>:internal[INDEX<idx>]:internaltable五 讀取internalLOOPAT<itab>[INTO<wa>][FROM<n1>TO<n2>][WHEREREADTABLE<itab>[INTO<wa>][INDEX<idx>/WITHKEYDATA:BEGINOFITABOCCURSCOL1TYPEI,COL2TYPEENDOFDO10ITAB-COL1=SY-INDEX.ITAB-COL2=SY-INDEX*2.APPENDITAB.READTABLEITABINDEX(或者:READ ITABWITHKEYCOL1=WRITE:/‘ITAB-COL1=‘,ITAB-COL1,‘ITAB-COL2=‘,ITAB-ITAB-COL1 ITAB-COL2 六 修改internaltable中的格式:MODIFY<itab>[FROM<wa>][INDEX<idx>][TRANSPORTING<f1><f2>…舉例一.READTABLEITABINDEXLINE-COL1=MODIFYITABFROMLINETRANSPORTINGCOL1舉例二.T_SALARY–salary=MODIFYT_SALARYTRANSPORTINGsalaryWHEREbirthday=七 DELETEinternaltable中的字格式:DELETE<itab>INDEX或 DELETE<itab>[FROM<n1>TO<n2>][WHERE八 Internaltable排SORT<itab>[<orderway>][BY其中:<orderway>DESCENDINGASCENDING,Default<f1>:九 加workareaLOOP例:LOOPATITABINTOLINE.WRITE:/LINE-COL1,LINE-十 初始化internalREFRESH 清空<itab> 清空<itab>的HeaderLine. §ABAP/4PARAMETERSSELECTION-PARAMETER:SELECTION-OPTIONS:一.PARAMETERSBASICINPUTF [DEFAULT [LOWER [ASCHECKBOX][RADIOBUTTONGROUP<rad>] MM/DD/YYMM/DD/YYYY,MMDDYYMMDDYYYY02016519650202/01/6519502049SAPSAP LOWERABAP/4AS輸入CHECKBOX DEFAULT RADIOBUTTONGROUP輸入RADIOBUTTONGROUPPARAMETERS:BOY RADIOBUTTONGROUP DEFAULT‘X’, RADIOBUTTONGROUP 二 SELECT-分別是:SIGN,OPTION,LOW,HIGH..SELECTTABLEInternalTableI:E:OPTION:EQ(等于),NE(不等于),GT(大于),LE(小于),CP(包含),NP(LOW:HIGH: SELECT- SPFLI-AIRLINE,SPFLICONNID\h三.TableTableSelection按下”Selectionoptions”O(jiān)ptionSignMulti-OptionsMulti-Options條件輸入完后按下”Copy”四. NO-Multi-Option LOWER五.配合命令條件輸入完后要將符合條件的數(shù)據(jù)篩選出來,可配合使用SELECTWHERESELECT- SPFLI- WRITE:/CONNID,FROMCITY,TOCITY. WRITE:/CONNID,FROMCITY,TOCITY.使用IF…IN WRITE:/CONNID,FROMCITY,TOCITY.六.SELECTION-

SELECTION- SELECTION- /

SELECTION- 1030SELECTION- /

REMARK=‘PlsenteryourSELECTION- SELECTION- SELECTION- SELECTION-SCREENBEGINOFLINE.SELECTION-SCREENPOSITION20.PARAMETERSNAME(10).SELECTION-SCREENPOSITION40.PARAMETERSBIRTHTYPED.SELECTION-SCREENENDOF20NAME40BIRTHBLOCKSELECTION- SELECTION- FRAME. SELECTION- §SQLABAP4TABLESQLABAP/4SQLTABLE,SQLDDL(DATADEFINELANGUAGE)語言和NATIVESQLSQLDatabases一 OPENOPENSQLSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,MODIFY,DELETE,OPENCURSOR,FETCH,CLOSECURSOR,COMMITWORK,ROLLBACKWORKSELECTSELECT<result>[INTO<target>][FROM<source>][WHERE<condition>][GROUPBY<fields>][ORDERBY<sortorder>]其中:<result><target>workarea<source>TABLE<condition><fields><sortorder>排序的字段及方式SY-SUBRC= <>0SY-DBLNT:EXIT.CHECK<logisticstatement>.SELECT….ENDSELECT.TABLESSELECT[DISTINCT]*FROMMARDWHEREMATNR=MARD=3520421700TABLESSELECTSINGLE*FROMMARDWHEREMATNR=MARA=3520421700workareaInternaltable...INTO<work...INTOCORRESPONDINGFIELDSOF<work...INTO(f1,...,fn)...INTOTABLE<internal...INTOCORRESPONDINGFIELDSOFTABLE<internal...APPENDINGTABLE<internal...APPENDINGCORRESPONDINGFIELDSOFTABLE<internalTABLESDATA:BEGINOFITABOCCURSMATNRLIKEMARD-MATNR,WERKSLIKEMARD-WERKS,LGORTLIKEMARD-LGORT,LABSTLIKEMARD-ENDOFSELECTMATNRWERKSLGORTINTOCORRESPONDINGFIELDSOFITABFROMMARDWHEREMATNR=APPENDITAB.CLEARITAB.InternaltableITABTABLESMARD.SELECTMATNR INTO(t_matnr,t_mtart,maktx)FROMMARDWHEREMATNR=MARD=3520421700t_matnr,t_mtart,maktxTABLESSELECT*FROM WHERECARRID=‘LH’CONNID=‘0400’ANDFLDATE=ORDERBYBOOKIDWRITE:/SBOOK-BOOKID, SBOOK-LUGGWEIGHT,SBOOK-WUNIT,ORDERBYBETWEEN 例如 WHEREYEARBETWEEN1995ANDLIKE例如 WHERENAMELIKEIN是<g1>…<gn>例如:WHEREPLANTIN(‘CHUNGLI’,PLANT只要是’CHUNGLI’或’TAOYUAN’或’LIUTU’INSERTworkareaInternalTable格式:INSERTINTO<database>VALUES<work BEGINOFCODE(6)TYPEC,NAME(30)TYPEENDOF VENLIKEWAOCCURS…WA- WA- ‘XINGDAELECTRONICSINSERTINTOVENVALUESWAworkareainternaltableINSERT<internaltable> BEGINOFWAOCCURSCODE(6)TYPEC,NAME(30)TYPEENDOF…WA-CODE= ‘XINGDAELECTRONICSCO.,LTD’.INSERTWA.InternaltableINSERTINSERT<itab1>FROMTABLE<itab2>[ACCEPTINGDUPLICATE將<itab2>NULL<itab1>中,加上[ACCEPTINGDUPLICATEKEY]PRIMARYKEYMODIFYMODIFY<internaltable>[FROM<workDELETEDELETE<internaltable>[FROM<work或:DELETE<internaltable>[WHEREDATABASEWorkArea開啟Database SELECT WHERE C1FORSELECT AREA=’TAIWAN’.讀取DatabaseCursorWork CursorWA,如果已無數(shù)據(jù)可讀,SY-SUBRC關(guān)閉Database COMMITWORK&ROLLBACK要確定數(shù)據(jù)成功寫入數(shù)據(jù)庫,可使用COMMITWORK指令,如: 相反的,如果反悔要復(fù)原,可使用ROLLBACK WORK,可復(fù)原在上個(gè)COMMITWORK指令之后的數(shù)據(jù),如: §使用NATIVESQLEXECSQL[PERFORMINGEXECSQL.CREATETABLEAVERI_CLNTCLIENTCHAR(3)NOTNULL,ARG1CHAR(3)NOTNULL,ARG2CHAR(3)NOT

FUNCTIONCHAR(10)NOTNULL,PRIMARYKEY(CLIENT,ARG1,ARG2))DATA:F1(3),F2(3),F3(3).F3='1'EXECSELECTCLIENT,ARG1INTO:F1,:F2FROMAVERI_CLNTWHEREARG2=:F3PERFORMING<formname>FORMEXITFORMSQLDATA:F1(3),F2(3),F3=EXECSQLPERFORMINGSELECTCLIENT,ARG1INTO:F1,:F2FROM WHEREARG2=:F3FORMWRITE:/F1,NATIVESQLTABLEMANDT(client)字段當(dāng)作一般字段使用,所以在抓取數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)必須指定特定Client;NATIVESQLSELECTCHECKSAPR/3DatabaseNATIVESQLCONNECTNATIVESQLTABLEFIELDNATIVESQL§ABAP/4PROGRAMABAP/4ModuleModuleModuleABAP/4Macroblock宏(Macroblock)DEFINE<macroEND-OF-<macro> 其中: <p2>…].表示所使用的參數(shù),參數(shù)之間要有一個(gè)空格 resultTYPEI.DEFINEMULTI.result=&1*WRITE:/‘&1*&2’,=END-OF-…MULTI3輸出結(jié)果為:DATA:RESULTTYPEI,N1TYPEIVALUE5,N2TYPEIVALUE6.DEFINEOPERATION.RESULT=&1&2&3.OUTPUT&1&2&3RESULT.DEFINEOUTPUT.WRITE:/’Theresultof&1&2&3is’,&4.OPERATION4+3OPERATIONN2-N1.Theresultof4+3 Theresultof2**7 TheresultofN2-N1 Include格式:INCLUDEINCLUDESUBROUTINES或FUNCTIONINCLUDE REPORTINCLUDE.Global <data 此常使用在Include***INCLUDEDATA:BEGIN SubroutineInternalSubroutines:SubroutinesExternalSubroutines:SubroutinesABAP/4SubroutineInternalCallExternalCall,SubroutineSubroutineFORM<subr><subroutinestatementblock>(1).InternalPERFORM<subr>[<pass>]NUM1=100. NUM2=200. SUM=NUM1+WRITE:/‘NUM1+NUM2=‘,SUM.執(zhí)行結(jié)果 NUM1+NUM2=(2).ExternalCall <subr>(<prog>)[<pass>][IF<subr>:IFFOUND:找到才執(zhí)行 WRITE:/‘USERNAME:‘,SY-UNAME.HEADER (3).ExternalCallCALLSubroutinenameSubroutine的子程序名都存放在變量中. PROGRAM(<fprog>)[<pass>][IF WRITE:/‘USERNAME:’,SY-UNAME. WRITE:/‘HOSTSERVER:’,SY-HOST.在程序中呼叫FORMPOOLSUB2SUBNAME=‘SUB2’.PROGNAME=‘FORMPOOL’. INPROGRAM(PROGNAME)IFABAP/4CallBy傳參數(shù)時(shí)將數(shù)據(jù)的存放地址(address)傳至參數(shù)中,也就是子程序中的參數(shù)變量與外部實(shí)際CallByAddress, [USING<f1><f2>…][CHANGING<f1>…] [USING<f1><f2>…][CHANGING<f1>…]UsingCHANGINGUSINGSUM=NUM1= WRITE:/NUM1,NUM2,SUM “SUM由0變成300 CallBy 使用VALUE(<f1>)表示<f1>是CallByValue SUM=NUM1= WRITE:/NUM1,SUM “NUM1值還是5, SUM由0變成120 SUM= NUM1> SUM*NUM1=NUM1– CallByValueandReturnCallByValue,一份傳回給外部實(shí)際變數(shù).執(zhí)行過程中外部實(shí)際參數(shù)不變. …..CHANGING ….CHANGING….<f1>

SUM=NUM1= WRITE:/NUM1,NUM2,SUM “SUM由0變成300 WRITE:/NUM1,NUM2,SUM “得到結(jié)果為100 SUM S“所以SUMINTERNALTABLE1,PASSINGWITHUSINGAND2,PASSINGWITH的控制CHECKCHECKSAPSAP NUM1<10. NUM1=NUM1+ABAP/4FunctionModule(library),FunctionModuleFunction1.FunctionABAP/4DevelopmentWorkbench畫面中選擇“Functionlibrary”,出前五個(gè)字符為STRINGFunctionModule:\hExecute,FunctionSTRING_LENGTH,“Display”,FunctionModule<1>.ImportParameter:Export<2>.ExportParameter:傳回的參數(shù)名稱,程序中變成Import<3>.ChangingParameter:CallByValueandReturnResult<4>.TableParameter:使用的InitialTable<5>.Exceptions:如STRING_LENGTH為一傳回字符串長度的函數(shù),其設(shè)定的參數(shù)如下:Import:String Export: 要查看程序內(nèi)容可按下“SourceCode”,顯示其程序內(nèi)容如下: length=strlen(string). TEXT= STRING=TEXT LENGTH=LEN. 注意EXPORTINGIMPORTING執(zhí)行所得結(jié)果為§DOWNLOAD&在我們的SAPUpload(“Download(“UploadSAPCALLFUNCTIONCALLFUNCTION,FUNCTION,SY-SUBRC=0).一.‘UPLOAD成文本文件(.TXTFILE),CALLFUNCTIONinternaltable格式:CALLFUNCTIONCODEPAGE=‘FILENAME=<filename>FILETYPE=‘ASC’FILELENGTH=<length>DATA_TAB=<workitab> = = = = = = = =其中:<filename>TEXT<length><workitab>internaltable,upload二.DOWNLOADSAPSAP’ASC’,’TXT’,’BINARYTXTFILEEXCELDOWNLOADTXTFILE,Internaltable,把所要DOWNLOADInternaltableCALLFUNCTIONDOWNLOAD.格式:CALLFUNCTION==<pcdictionary&= <internaltable>=1=2 =4=5=6 7=8其中:BIN_FILESIZETXTFILEFILENAMETXTFILEfname1likerlgrap-filenamedefaultDATA_TABinternaltableEXCEPTIONS:注意:如果internaltable中某字段是數(shù)值型(‘I’或’P’或’F’等),則要定義成字符串, 則會DOWNLOAD到TXT文件時(shí)成亂碼.INCLUDEYIAUTH00:USERTABLEYIAUTH01:檢查USER權(quán)限所用到的子程序,通常在主程序中可以這樣調(diào)用:PERFORMCHECK_BU_RANGETABLESbu_code. PERFORMCHECK_SINGLE_BUUSINGbu_code. PERFORMCHECK_COMPANY_RANGETABLEScmp_code.“(select-options)PERFORMCHECK_COMPANYUSINGcmp_code. PERFORMCHECK_PLANT_RANGETABLESplant_code.“(select-options)PERFORMCHECK_SINGLE_PLANTUSINGplant_code. YRSTDO01:YRSTDE01:ScreenListPrintDownloadYIBCL001:TitlePERFORMTITLEUSINGsy-linszsy-cprog這是臺達(dá)的報(bào)表的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)表頭,其中:sy-linsz,sy-cprog式名,p_compYIBCL002:打印標(biāo)準(zhǔn)頁尾的子程序,我們在主程序中可以這樣調(diào)用:PERFORMFOOTER. YIBCL021:COLUMNHEADERPERFORM(ReportAttributeColumn自動加到報(bào)表的表頭§WRITBDCBDCProgram(BatchDataCommunicationProgram)ABAP/4Drill-Down報(bào)表的撰寫方式中。一.ScreenofTransactionScreenNmberSAPR/3時(shí)選擇“System”中的”Status”可看到如下的畫面:如圖TransactionCodeVA03SAPMV45A，ScreenNumber是400二.BDCTableStructure，用來存放要放入輸入畫面的數(shù)據(jù)，包含有以下的字段FieldProgramnameofScreennumberofIndicatorfornewName DatabaseFieldfromValuetoSubmitto可在程序開始之初宣告一個(gè)InternalTable使用BDCDATA的Structure: OFINT_BDC.VBAK-KUNNR及VBAK-NAME1‘34051920’及‘臺達(dá)電子BDCTable內(nèi)容如下XVBAK-VBAK-BDC_OKCODEBDC FunctionKey F8，Continueor F3，BackPrevious Double 首先我們需建立兩個(gè)子程序，BDC_SCREENProgram，DynproDynbeginFORMBDC_SCREENTABLESP_BDCSTRUCTUREUSINGP_PROGRAMP_SCREEN. P_BDC-DYNBEGIN='X'. FORMBDC_FIELDTABLESP_BDCSTRUCTUREUSINGP_NAME CLEARP_BDC. WHENWHEN PERFORMBDC_SCREEN PERFORMBDC_FIELD 'VBAK- "Saveand6.3CallTransactionBDCTableR/3Database時(shí)要使用CALL指令，指令格式如下 <BDC <Display<DisplayMode> Showall ShowonlyScreenwithError ShownoScreen 6.4ExampleforBDCBDCProgramSalesEmpolyeeASCIITextFileSalesEmpolyee的PersolnalData，ProgramNameSAPMP50A，ScreenN