第十二講：狀語從句

一、【考點(diǎn)解讀】

狀語從句是每年中考單選部分必考的題目之一?？疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)是考生容易混淆比較相近的

連詞在邏輯行文和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)中的使用?？v觀近幾年上海的小升初試題，從中可以看出命題者

把著眼點(diǎn)放在了對(duì)條件狀語、讓步狀語、時(shí)間狀語從句的考查，時(shí)而涉及目的狀語從句、結(jié)

果狀語從句和原因狀語從句。所以我們這一講會(huì)重點(diǎn)把小升初?？嫉膸讉€(gè)狀語從句講解。

二、【知識(shí)講解】

知識(shí)點(diǎn)1——狀語從句

（1）定義：用來修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語從句。

根據(jù)其含義狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句，地點(diǎn)狀語從句，條件狀語從句，原因狀語從句，

結(jié)果狀語從句，比較狀語從句，目的狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。

（2）狀語從句，+主句。

狀語從句的位置：主句+狀語從句。

主句的主語，+狀語從句，+主句的謂語以及其他成分。

一、狀語從句的分類

1.時(shí)間狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中作時(shí)間狀語的句子。

引導(dǎo)詞：when(當(dāng)…時(shí)候);while(當(dāng)…時(shí)候);as(當(dāng)…時(shí)候);after(在…以后);before(在…以前);

assoonas(一…就…);since(自從…到現(xiàn)在);till/not…until(直到…才)

1）時(shí)間狀語從句常遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如：

(1)IwillringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.

AssoonasIgettoNewYorkIwillringyouup

(2)Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.

Whenhecomesback,Iwilltellhimeverything

(3)Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.

untilheseesitwithhisowneyes,Hewon’tbelieveit

2)主句+while+從句（主句和從句使用相同時(shí)態(tài)，有對(duì)比的含義，翻譯為“而”）

主句（用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）+when/as/while+從句(用一般過去時(shí)，謂

語動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞）

例如：(1)MymotherwascookingwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.

(2)Thestudentswerereadingwhentheteachercamein.

3)在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直

到……時(shí)”，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到……才……”,

“在……以前不……”,謂語動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。例如：

(1)Let’swaittilltherainstops.(wait是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所以用肯定句)

(2)Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.(start是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，故要用not…until，為否定句)

2.原因狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中表示原因的句子,譯作“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

連接詞：由連詞because（從句位置靈活）,since,as（從句一般置于句首）引導(dǎo)

（1）Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.=（Iwasillyesterday,soIdidn’tgoto

school.）

（2）As/Sinceitisrainingnow,wehadbetterstayathome.

3.條件狀語從句

連接詞：if如果,unless(=ifnot)除非。（主將從現(xiàn)原則）

舉例：Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgohiking.

注意：1）條件狀語從句，也遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則。例如：

(1)IwillhelpyouwithyourEnglishifIamfreetomorrow.

(2)Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.

(3)Wewillhaveapicnicifitdoesn’traintomorrow.

2)“祈使句+and(or)+陳述句”=帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。例如：

(1)Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.

(2)Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

4.結(jié)果狀語從句

結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat,so…that引導(dǎo)。

例如：

Hehaslosthisbikesothathecan'tcometoschoolontime.（結(jié)果狀語）

他丟失了自行車，所以不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。

Yourshirtweresodirtythatyoumustwashit.（結(jié)果狀語）

你的襯衣這么臟，你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。

注意：

由so…that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句若表示否定，可以用too…to（太…而不能）來替換。

例如：

Shewassoangrythatshecouldnotsayaword.

=Shewastooangrytosayaword.

她氣得說不出話來。

5.讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句一般用though（雖然）、although（雖然）、eventhough（即使）引導(dǎo)。

例如：

Though/Althoughhetriedhard,hewasnotsuccessful.

他雖然努力嘗試，但沒有成功。

Hewentonworkingthoughitwasverylate.

雖然很晚了，他還在繼續(xù)工作。

6.方式狀語從句

as(像....)，asif/asthough(好像...)，theway（以...方式）

1）引導(dǎo)詞

Let’sstudyasLeiFengstudied.讓我們像雷鋒那樣學(xué)習(xí)吧。

ThinkasIthink.像我這樣去想。

Hetalksasif/thoughheisdrunk.從他談話的樣子來看他好像醉了。

PleasepronouncethewordthewayIdo.請(qǐng)照我這樣,讀這個(gè)單詞.

三、【典例探究】

【例題1】：

()1.Tomdidn’teatdinnerhefinishedhishomework.Heworkedveryhard.

A.orB.whileC.ifD.until

【答案】C

【解析】選C。本題考查until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。句意為“直到Tom完成了作業(yè)，他才吃

飯?！?/p>

()2.—We'llgoforapicnicifit________thisSunday.

—Wishyoualovelyweekend.

A.rainB.doesn'trainC.won'train

【答案】B

【解析】選B?？疾閕f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句

應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意為“如果這個(gè)星期天不下雨的話，我們進(jìn)行野餐”。故選B。

()3.Teresais________nervous________shecan'ttalkinfrontoftheclass.

A.such,thatB.too,toC.so,that

【答案】C

【解析】選C?？疾闋钫Z從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。such…that…,so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，such

后接名詞，so后接形容詞或副詞。too…to…,too后接形容詞或副詞,to后接動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)

句意：特麗莎很緊張以至于不敢在同學(xué)面前說話。故選C.

()4.--What'syourplanforthesummerholidays?

--I'llgotoBeijing_____theschooltermends.

A.inorderthatB.sothatC.assoonasD.eventhough

【答案】C

【解析】選C。本題考查assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)一般將來時(shí)，同學(xué)

們要聯(lián)想到從句也可能是一般將來時(shí)，再結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)主句和從句都表示將

來時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí)，而從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。所以選擇C。

()5.—We'llgoforapicnicifit____thisSunday.

—Wishyoualovelyweekend.

A.rainB.doesn'trainC.won'train

【答案】B

【解析】選B?？疾閕f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句

應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意為“如果這個(gè)星期天不下雨的話，我們進(jìn)行野餐”。故選B。

四、【課堂運(yùn)用】

【基礎(chǔ)】

【練習(xí)1】

I.Choosethebestanswer.（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?/p>

1.Getupearlyanddoexerciseeveryday,_______youwon’thaveastrongbody.

A.butB.forC.andD.or

2.Whichmobilephonewouldyouliketobuy,aNokia_______aniPhone4?

A.soB.orC.butD.and

3.Jackwashalfanhourlatefortheparty_______hewasstuckinatrafficjam.

A.unlessB.whileC.becauseD.if

4.Myuncledoesn’thavemuchmoney,_______healwaysenjoyshimself.

A.butB.soC.andD.or

5.Wemustdosomethingtoprotecttheearth,_______wewillloseourhome.

A.orB.butC.soD.and

【練習(xí)2】

6.Youcanbuycomputersatalocalshop.They’reusuallymoreexpensive,_______youcanget

betterafter-salesservice.

A.andB.butC.soD.or

7._______theWorldExpowasover,alotofvisitorsstillgototheChinaPaviliontoenjoy

themselvesandtakephotos.

A.AlthoughB.SinceC.WhenD.As

8.Tony,whatwouldyoulikeforfourteenthbirthday,anMP4_______abike?

A.butB.andC.orD.so

9.Myfatherwaspreparingforhisspeech_______mymotherwasdoingsomewashinglastnight.

A.whileB.untilC.unlessD.if

10.Wewillrememberthepicture_______itissilly,strangeandcolourful.

A.untilB.ifC.beforeD.after

【鞏固】

【練習(xí)1】

11.Themanagerthoughttheoldladywasright,_______hedidn’ttakeheradvice.

A.orB.soC.butD.and

12.ThisEnglish-Englishdictionarycostmealot,_______it’sreallyusefulforme.

A.soB.norC.orD.but

13.ThestorytookplaceinItalymanyyearsago,_______manypeoplestillrememberit.

A.soB.orC.butD.and

14.Willyouhelphim_______youseeanoldmanlyinginthemiddleofthestreet?

A.thoughB.whenC.becauseD.if

15.Agoodfriendalwaysgivesyouahelpinghand_______you’reintrouble.

A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.though

【練習(xí)2】

I.Choosethebestchoice（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?/p>

1.Youwillbelate_______youleaveimmediately.

A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.or

2.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_______.

A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining

3.--IwillcallyouassoonasI_______inShanghai.

A.arriveB.arrivesC.arrivingD.willarrive

4.--DidDavidgotoschoolyesterday?

--No,_______hehadabadcold.

A.becauseB.ifC.thoughD.but

5._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So

【拔高】

【練習(xí)1】

6.Asshe_______thenewspaper,Granny_______asleep.

A.read,wasfallingB.wasreading,fell

C.wasreading,wasfallingD.read,fell

7.Itis50years_______thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since

8.Itistenyears_______Ilefthome.

A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.as

9.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare_______IwasstayinginBeijing.

A.untilB.duringC.whileD.throughout

10.IusuallywatchTVintheevening_______Ihavetostudyforanexamination.

A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.themoment

【練習(xí)2】

III.Choosetherightanswerforeachsentence.

orthoughif

1.Readerswon’tbeinterestedinacomicstrip(漫畫)_______itdoesn’thavemuchaction.

2.Don’tstayuptoolate,_______you’llfindithardtogetupontimetomorrow.

3.Susandidquitewellinthefinalexam_______shehadmissedtwoweeks’lessons.

thoughorifuntil

1._______themanagercan’tmaketheservicebetter,theshopwillsoonloseallthecustomers.

2.Idecidednottobuyfrozendumplings_______thegovernmentsaidtheyweresafe.

3.Puttheseusedbatteriesintothegreenbins,_______itwillpollutetheenvironment.

4.IhavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithTim.IwillwaitforTim_______hegetsback.

anduntilthoughsince

1.Ican’tunderstandthesentence_______therearenonewwordsinit.

2.Domoreexerciseeveryday,_______you’llbestrongerthanbefore.

3.Hedidn’trealizehismistake_______hewastoldaboutit.

4._______youhavebeeninBeijingformanyyears,youmustbefamiliarwiththecity.

五、【課后鞏固】

【習(xí)題1】

1

()1Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.

A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if

()2Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.

A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until

()3Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.

A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when

()4He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.

A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to

()5He___backuntilthework___done.

A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is

()6Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.

A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if

2

()1Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.

A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto

()2I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.

A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves

()3Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.

A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came

3

()1Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.

A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,

C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought

()2Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.

A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft

()3Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.

A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see

()4We___TVwhenthetelephone____.

A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rang

C.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang

()5Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.

A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreading

C.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread

4

()1I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?

A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;gone

C.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone

()2Tom___Chinafor3years.

A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat

()3Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.

A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose

()4-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?

-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.

A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway

()5I___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.

A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow

()6ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying

5

()1Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.

A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if

()2MayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?

A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so

()3___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.

A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For

()4___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.

A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After

()5I'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.

A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether

6

()1Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.

A.both;andB.so;thatC.either;orD.as;as

()2-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?

-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.

A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras

()3Suzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.

A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than

()4Ironismoreuseful___anyothermetal.

A.asB.thanC.thenD.so

7

()1Iwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.

A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which

()2Youaresur