專題06中國傳統(tǒng)文化（原卷版）【材料來源：BBCJuly13,2023】Howancient“skywells”arekeepingChinesehomescoolRuLinglovesspendingtimeinskywells.Toher,thesecourtyardsofoldChinesehousesaretheperfectplacetobeinonahotandhumidday.AlthoughskywellbuildingshaveexistedinChinaforhundredsofyears,inrecenttimestheyhaveoftenbeenforgottenbypeoplewhoprefermodernfacilities.Overthepasttwodecades,however,duetoarevivaloftraditionalChinesearchitecture,partofabroaderresurgenceoftraditionalChineseculture,skywellbuildingshavebeenmakingacomeback.Ancient"greenwisdom"suchasskywellscontinuetoinspiretoday'sclimateadaptivedesignandinnovationsinpassivecooling,accordingtoWangZhengfeng,apostdoctoralresearcherinenvironmentalhumanitiesattheInstituteforAreaStudiesatLeidenUniversityintheNetherlands.Passivecoolingisamethodthatincorporatesdesignandtechnologytocoolabuildingwithouttheuseofpower.WhenaskedaboutwhyskywellshavecaughtmoreattentionofmodernChinesepeople,Wangsaysthatthecourtyardisalsodesignedtoserveasagatheringspaceforfamiliesorcommunities,andcomeswithritualmeanings."Perhapschangesinthewayoflifecouldalsotriggervernacularnostalgiaamongpeoplelivinginconcreteandglassforests."天井降溫原理Skywellsweredesignedtocoolbuildingsinanerawellbeforeair-conditioningexisted.Whenwindblowsaboveaskywellhouse,itcanentertheindoorspacethroughtheopening.Becauseoutdoorairisoftencoolerthanindoorair,theincomingbreezetravelsdownthewallstothelowerstoriesandcreateairflowsbyreplacingwarmerindoorair,whichrisesandleavesthroughtheopening.InHuizhou,askywellissmallbuttall,andtheroomsarounditcanblockoutsunlightonhotdays,enablingthebottomoftheskywelltostaycool,headds.Meanwhile,hotairinsidethehousecanriseandescapethroughtheopeningabovetheskywell,which"worksjustlikeachimney".【譯文欣賞】古老的“天井”如何讓中國住宅保持涼爽茹玲（音譯）喜歡在天井中消磨時光。對她來說，在炎熱潮濕的日子里，這些古老的中式庭院是最理想的去處。雖然中國的天井建筑已存在了幾百年，但近年來，它們往往會被更喜歡現(xiàn)代設(shè)施的人們所遺忘。不過，最近二十年，由于廣泛的中國傳統(tǒng)文化復(fù)蘇，中國傳統(tǒng)建筑作為其中的一部分也逐漸復(fù)興，天井建筑再度流行起來。荷蘭萊頓大學(xué)區(qū)域研究學(xué)院環(huán)境人文學(xué)博士后研究員王爭鳳（音譯）表示，包括“天井”在內(nèi)的古代“綠色智慧”持續(xù)激發(fā)著當(dāng)代氣候適應(yīng)性設(shè)計(jì)和被動冷卻技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新?！氨粍永鋮s”是一種無需電力、通過設(shè)計(jì)和技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑物一制冷的方法。當(dāng)被問及為什么現(xiàn)代中國人對天井越來越感興趣時，她說，庭院的設(shè)計(jì)也承載了家庭或社區(qū)的聚會功能，并頗有儀式感。“對于生活在都市密林中的人們來說，也許生活方式的改變也會引發(fā)對于民俗建筑的懷舊情緒?！碧炀禍卦懋?dāng)有風(fēng)吹過時，風(fēng)可以通過天井的開口進(jìn)入室內(nèi)空間。由于室外空氣通常比室內(nèi)空氣更冷，吹進(jìn)來的微風(fēng)沿著墻壁吹到較低的樓層，取代室內(nèi)溫暖的空氣，形成氣流，使室內(nèi)溫暖的空氣上升并通過開口離開。影響“天井”降溫效果的兩種因素。首先，在沒有自然風(fēng)的情況下，由于“煙囪效應(yīng)”，空氣循環(huán)仍然在天井住宅內(nèi)進(jìn)行。天井頂部和底部之間的溫差使天井內(nèi)的熱空氣上升，將房間里的冷空氣吸引到天井底部，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)降溫的效果?！驹~匯積累】1.skywell/?ska??w?l/n.天井2.courtyard/?k??rt?jɑ?rd/n.院子3.humid/?hju?m?d/adj.潮濕的4.facility/f??s?l?ti/n.設(shè)施5.revival/r??va?v?l/n.復(fù)興6.resurgence/r??s??rd??ns/n.復(fù)蘇7.architecture/?ɑ?rk??t?kt??r/n.建筑8.postdoctoral/po?st?d?kt?r?l/adj.博士后的9.innovation/??n??ve???nz/n.創(chuàng)新10.passivecooling/?p?s?v?ku?l??/n.被動冷卻11.vernacularnostalgia/v?r?n?kj?l?rnɑ?st?ld??/n.鄉(xiāng)土懷舊12.gatheringspace/?ɡ?e?r??spe?s/n.聚會空間13.airflow/???rfloz/n.氣流【長難句分析】原句Becauseoutdoorairisoftencoolerthanindoorair,theincomingbreezetravelsdownthewallstothelowerstoriesandcreateairflowsbyreplacingwarmerindoorair,whichrisesandleavesthroughtheopening.譯文由于室外空氣通常比室內(nèi)空氣更冷，吹進(jìn)來的微風(fēng)沿著墻壁吹到較低的樓層，取代室內(nèi)溫暖的空氣，形成氣流，使室內(nèi)溫暖的空氣上升并通過開口離開。分析+--[主句:theincomingbreezetravelsdownthewallstothelowerstoriesandcreateairflows]|||+--[原因狀語從句:Becauseoutdoorairisoftencoolerthanindoorair]|+--[并列句:andcreateairflowsbyreplacingwarmerindoorair,whichrisesandleavesthroughtheopening]|+--[方式狀語:byreplacingwarmerindoorair]|+--[定語從句:whichrisesandleavesthroughtheopening]（一）CometoChina,enjoyingfouramazingteasWestLakeLongjingWestLakeLongjingisoneofChina’sfamousgreenteas,producedinHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince.It’srenownedforitsuniqueappearance,aromaandtaste.WithalonghistorydatingfromtheTangDynasty,Longjingteaimprovedovertime,andwasofferedasatribute(貢品)intheQingDynasty.WestLakeLongjingteaisknownforitsbenefitssuchasrefreshingthemind,quenching(緩解)thirst,andreducingfatsintheblood.EnshiYuluEnshiYuluistheonlyremainingsteamedneedle-shapedgreenteainChina,producedinEnshi,Hubeiprovince.Thedrytearesemblespineneedlesandhasalushgreencolor.ItsproductiontechniquedatesbacktotheTangDynastyandgainedfameduringtheMingandQingDynasties.EnshiYuluhasamoderateselenium(硒)contentandoffershealthbenefitssuchasantioxidationandanticancerproperties.Pu’erPu’erisauniquefermented(發(fā)酵的)teafromYunnanprovinceclassifiedintotwotypes:rawandripePu’er.ItoriginatedintheTangDynasty,butitwasn’tuntiltheQingDynastythatPu’erteabecamesignificanttradegoods.RawPu’erteaisinitiallybitterbutbecomessmootherandpleasantwithage.RipePu’erteaundergoesartificialfermentation,resultinginarichflavorwithdistinctiveagedaromasandsweetness.JasmineTeaTypicallybasedongreentea,jasmineteacombinesthefragranceofjasmineflowerswithtealeaves.ItdatesbacktotheSongDynastywhenpeoplebeganmixingjasmineflowerswithteatoenhancethetea’sfragrance.BytheMingandQingDynasties,ithadbecameatributeteafortheimperialcourt.Jasmineteaisparticularlysuitableforconsumptioninhotsummers,helpingpeopletocooldown.1．Whichtypeofteabestsuitspatientswithcancer?A．WestLakeLongjing. B．EnshiYulu. C．Pu’er. D．JasmineTea.2．Pu’erteahasitsuniquenessinthat__________.A．itisproducedwithartificialtechnologyB．theagingprocessallowsitarichflavourC．itwassuppliedtotheemperorasatributeD．thefermentationhappensinnaturalstates3．Whatdothefourtypesofteahaveincommon?A．TheywereavailableintheTangDynasty.B．Theyaregreenteaswithdifferentaromas.C．Theyarewell-knownfortheirmedicinalvalue.D．Theydevelopedovertimebeforerisingtofame.原句原句RipePu’erteaundergoesartificialfermentation,resultinginarichflavorwithdistinctiveagedaromasandsweetness.譯文成熟的普洱茶經(jīng)過人工發(fā)酵，味道濃郁，具有獨(dú)特的陳香和甜味。分析+--[主句:RipePu’erteaundergoesartificialfermentation]|+--[結(jié)果狀語:resultinginarichflavor]|+--[介詞短語:withdistinctiveagedaromasandsweetness]|+--[并列結(jié)構(gòu):distinctiveagedaromasandsweetness]1.renownedadj.著名的1.renownedadj.著名的 2.appearancen.外觀3.aroman.香氣 4.moderateadj.適中的5.antioxidationn.抗氧化 6.anticanceradj.抗癌的7.fermentedadj.發(fā)酵的 8.distinctiveadj.獨(dú)特的9.fragrancen.香味 10.consumptionn.消耗，消費(fèi)（二）Abouteightyearsago,LiJinglongandGuanDianvisitedthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.Thecloisonne(景泰藍(lán)瓷器)objectsondisplayattractedtheminparticular.Theyspenthourslookingatthosebeautifulobjects.Theyjustcouldn’ttaketheireyesoffthem.BornandraisedinBeijing,35-year-oldLiisnostrangertocloisonne,sincetherewereapairofcloisonnevasesinhisgrandparents’home.Hiswife,34-year-oldGuan,wholearnedtopaintasachildandlaterbecameadesigneraftergraduatingfromtheBeijingInstituteofFashionTechnology,isalsofamiliarwithcloisonne,asitappearsinherartbooks.Asaresultoftheirvisit,thecouplemadethedaringdecisiontoopenaworkshop.“WelearnedcloisonneafterseeingthepiecesdisplayedinthePalaceMuseum.Wewantedtoturnourhobbyintoacareer,sothatpeoplecouldenjoyandlearntomakethecraftthemselves,”saidLi,whoworkedinafinancecompanybeforequittinghisjobtolaunchHandcraftAddicted,aDIYworkshopwhereparticipantscanmakecloisonne.Since2018,theyhaveopenedthreeworkshopsinBeijing.TheyarehappytogivepeopleaglimpseofthetraditionaltechniquesofcloisonneaspartofaDIYexperience.Insteadoffocusingonmakingtraditionalcloisonneobjects,suchasplatesandvases,theworkshopallowsparticipantstocreatethedesignstheywantonsurfaceofglass,resin(樹脂)orwood.Althoughtheprocesshasbeensimplified,itisstillnoteasyforpeopletryingcloisonneforthefirsttimetosucceed.Participantsspendmonthsmakingonepiece,whichtheytakehomeorgivefriendsaspresents.It’saluxuryforpeopletospendtimealoneandfullyfocusononethingnowadaysbecauseofthefastpaceoflife.Participantscometotheworkshopnotonlytocreateart,butalsototakeabreakfromtheirbusylives.4．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecouple?A．TheybothgrewupinBeijing. B．Theybothmajoredincloisonneart.C．Theybothquittheirpreviousjobs. D．Theyarebothfamiliarwithcloisonne.5．WhatinspiredthecoupletoopenHandcraftAddicted?A．Theirgrandparents’cloisonnevases. B．Theirhobbyinhandcrafttechniques.C．CloisonneobjectsinGuan’sartbooks. D．CloisonneonexhibitioninthePalaceMuseum.6．InHandcraftAddicted,______.A．thefirstattemptisoftensimpleB．participantsrelaxthemselveswhilecreatingartC．thecouplemakecloisonneobjectsbythemselvesD．itisaluxurytomaketraditionalcloisonneobjects7．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethecouple?A．Modest. B．Generous. C．Creative. D．Outgoing.原句原句Hiswife,34-year-oldGuan,wholearnedtopaintasachildandlaterbecameadesigneraftergraduatingfromtheBeijingInstituteofFashionTechnology,isalsofamiliarwithcloisonne,asitappearsinherartbooks.”譯文他的妻子，34歲的關(guān)點(diǎn)，從小學(xué)畫，后來從北京服裝學(xué)院畢業(yè)后成為了設(shè)計(jì)師，她也熟悉景泰藍(lán)，因?yàn)樗霈F(xiàn)在她的藝術(shù)書籍中。分析+--[主句:Hiswife,34-year-oldGuan,isalsofamiliarwithcloisonne]|+--[同位語:34-year-oldGuan]|+--[定語從句:wholearnedtopaintasachildandlaterbecameadesigneraftergraduatingfromtheBeijingInstituteofFashionTechnology]|+--[原因狀語:asitappearsinherartbooks]1.cloisonnen.景泰藍(lán)瓷器1.cloisonnen.景泰藍(lán)瓷器 2.objectn.物品3.displayn.展覽 4.attractiveadj.吸引人的5.daringadj.大膽的 6.workshopn.車間，作坊7.financen.金融 8.participantn.參與者9.glimpsen.一瞥 10.techniquen.技巧，技術(shù)（三）Withthearrivalofthesummerheat,cultural-themedicecreamsareonceagaintrendingacrosssocialmediaplatformsinChina.Museums,scenicspots,amusementparksandevenuniversitieshaveonceagainrolledouttheiruniquecultural-themedicecreamsthisyear.Theseicecreamsareoftentinycopiesoffamouslandmarksorculturalreliesthatoffervisitorsadelightforthetastebuds.Thetrendofcultural-themedicecreamsbeganin2019whentheOldSummerPalaceinBeijingwasoneofthefirstscenicspotsinChinatointroducelotus-shapedicecreams.Itwasinspiredbythatin2017elevenancientlotus(蓮花)seedswerediscoveredinapoolattheOldSummerPalace.Sixoftheseancientlotusseedsbloomedinthesummerof2019.Sotomarktheoccasion,staffattheOldSummerPalacedesignedicecreamsshapedlikelotusblossoms.Theseicecreamswerewidelylovedbyvisitors,notonlyservingasacoldtreatbutalsoofferingauniquewayforvisitorstosampleandconnectwiththeirculturalheritage.Toprotecttheirculturalrelics,manymuseumshaveputupsignsprohibitingphotographyortheuseofaflash.However,cultural-themedicecreamsprovideanalternativewayforvisitorstocatchmemoriesoftheirvisit.Variousflavorsoffervisitorsachoiceofcolorsandingredientsfortheicecream,whichreflectthelocalcharacteristicsandcharmofthesecoldtreats.Itisalsosuggestedbythemuseumsthatthevisitorscantakethecarvedicecreambarshomewiththemtouseasbookmarks.Formanyyoungpeople,takingphotosofthemselvesstandingalongsideculturallandmarksisanartisticpreferencefromtheirparents’generation.Tothem,aselfie(自拍)withacultural-themedicecreamisamuchcoolerwaytoshowofftheirtravelexperiencesandbridgethegapbetweenmodernlifeanddistanthistoricalrelics.8．Whatcanwelearnaboutcultural-themedicecreamsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Visitorsspendmuchmoneyonthem. B．Theymaybeshapedlikelandmarks.C．Visitorsareeagertotrytheirtaste. D．Theyaremadeduetosummerheat.9．Whatinspiredtheideaofcultural-themedicecreams?A．TheOldSummerPalace. B．Thewidelovebyvisitors.C．Theblossomsofthesixseeds. D．Thediscoveryofancientlotus.10．Forwhatarecultural-themedicecreamswell-received?A．Protectingculturalrelics. B．Rememberingone’svisit.C．Beingusedasbookmarks. D．Offeringvisitorsvariousflavors.11．Whydotheyouthtaketheselfiewithacultural-themedicecream?A．Todosomethingdifferent. B．Tobridgethegapwiththeirparents.C．Toshowofftheircoolerwaytotravel. D．Toshowtheirconnectionwithculture.原句原句Tothem,aselfie(自拍)withacultural-themedicecreamisamuchcoolerwaytoshowofftheirtravelexperiencesandbridgethegapbetweenmodernlifeanddistanthistoricalrelics.譯文對他們來說，拿著文創(chuàng)雪糕自拍是一種更酷的方式，可以展示他們的旅行經(jīng)歷，彌合現(xiàn)代生活和遙遠(yuǎn)歷史遺跡之間的差距。分析+--[主句:aselfiewithacultural-themedicecreamisamuchcoolerway]|+--[介詞短語:Tothem]|+--[不定式短語:toshowofftheirtravelexperiencesandbridgethegapbetweenmodernlifeanddistanthistoricalrelics]|+--[并列結(jié)構(gòu):showofftheirtravelexperiences]||+--[并列結(jié)構(gòu):bridgethegapbetweenmodernlifeanddistanthistoricalrelics]1.cultural-themedadj.文化主題的1.cultural-themedadj.文化主題的 2.scenicadj.風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的3.landmarkn.地標(biāo) 4.relicn.遺物，遺跡5.inspirev.啟發(fā) 6.occasionn.場合7.uniqueadj.獨(dú)特的 8.characteristicn.特征9.alternativeadj.替代的 10.preferencen.偏愛（四）OnMarch6,the2024DouyinE-commerceFemaleConsumerTrendDataReportrevealedthatin2023theordervolumeofhorsefacedskirts-atypeofhanfu,thetraditionalstyleofclothingwornbytheHanpeople-amongfemaleusersonDouyinskyrocketedby841percentcomparedtothepreviousyear.“I’venoticedthattherearesomanypeoplewearinghorse-facedskirtsonthestreetsnow,fromyoungwomentochildren;it’sunbelievable,”saidWangZicheng,a23-year-oldhanfuenthusiast.Herecalledthatwhenheworehanfuforthefirsttimein2018athiscoming-of-ageceremony,itwasstillaminorityinterest.Now,heisconfidentwearingiteverywhere,evenoutsideofChina.Ashanfugainspopularity,traditionalattire(服裝)andmodernfashionaremerging(融合),influencingnotonlyclothingstylesbutalsoculturalperceptionsandpeople’sunderstanding.Somehanfuenthusiastsarguethateachdesignandstructuralformofhanfucarriesdistincthistoricalandculturalsignificance,insistingthatthesedetailsshouldbeadheredto(遵循)strictly.However,otherconsumersprioritizetheaesthetics(美學(xué))andcomfortoftheclothing.ZhouShuang,37,specializesincharacterstylingforfilmandtelevision.Shepointedoutthatforthoseunfamiliarwithtraditionalclothingculture,it’sunderstandableforthemtodesireamixtureofclassicalelegancewithmodernfashion.Thiscombinationisreferredtoastheneo-Chinesestyle.“Neo-Chinesestyleclothingdesigndoesn’tmerelylayertraditionalelements,butcombinesmodernityandtraditionnaturally,”explainedZhou.“Itaimstoshowcasetraditionalcharmthatresonateswith(與……產(chǎn)生共鳴)theaestheticpreferencesoftoday’sChinese.”DespitethegrowinghanfutrendinChina,thereremainsalackofunderstandingamongpeopleabroad.AccordingtoWang,hetraveledtoadozencountrieswhilewearinghanfu.“Theyguessedabouttheoriginofmyclothes…,butnonecorrectlyidentifiedthatit’sfromChina,”Wangsaid.Hebelievedthisisbecausepeopleinothercountrieshavefewchancestoseeauthentichanfuclothesandaccessories.Apotentialsolutioncouldbeintegratinghanfuintoeverydayattire.Indeed,Zhou’sstudentsarecurrentlyexploringwaystopreservehanfu’sculturalheritagewhileaccommodatingthedemandsofdailyfashionchoices.12．WhatdoesWangZicheng’sexperiencedetailedinparagraphs2-3reflect?A．Thediversityofhanfuenthusiasts.B．Theculturalsignificanceofhanfu.C．Thereasonsforhanfu’spopularity.D．Theincreasingrecognitionofhanfu.13．AccordingtoWang,whywashishanfunotcorrectlyidentifiedwhenhewastraveling?A．Hishanfudidnotrepresentatypicalstyle.B．Westerntouristsshowlittleinterestinhanfu.C．Peopleabroadwereunfamiliarwithhanfuculture.D．Hanfuhasmixedclothingstylesfromothercountries.14．WhatareZhou’sstudentsdoingnow?A．Cooperatingwithdailyfashiondesigners.B．Protectingtraditionalhanfuinamodernway.C．PromotingtraditionalChineseclothingabroad.D．Studyingthehistoricalevolutionofthehanfustyle.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Hanfu:ReshapingModernFashionB．AncientFashion:TheForgottenBeautyofHanfuC．Hanfu:AnEvolutionaryJourneyThroughCenturiesD．Hanfuvs.ModernFashion:ASymbolofChineseNationalism原句原句Ashanfugainspopularity,traditionalattire(服裝)andmodernfashionaremerging(融合),influencingnotonlyclothingstylesbutalsoculturalperceptionsandpeople’sunderstanding.譯文隨著漢服的流行，傳統(tǒng)服裝和現(xiàn)代時尚正在融合，不僅影響著服裝風(fēng)格，也影響著文化觀念和人們的理解。分析+--[主句:traditionalattireandmodernfashionaremerging]|+--[時間狀語從句:Ashanfugainspopularity]|+--[現(xiàn)在分詞短語:influencingnotonlyclothingstylesbutalsoculturalperceptionsandpeople’sunderstanding]|+--[并列結(jié)構(gòu):notonlyclothingstylesbutalsoculturalperceptionsandpeople’sunderstanding]|+--[并列結(jié)構(gòu):culturalperceptionsandpeople’sunderstanding]1.e-commercen.電子商務(wù)1.e-commercen.電子商務(wù) 2.skyrocketv.猛增3.enthusiastn.愛好者 4.attiren.服裝5.mergev.融合 6.perceptionn.觀念7.aestheticsn.美學(xué) 8.classicaladj.古典的9.elegancen.優(yōu)雅 10.resonatev.與……產(chǎn)生共鳴（五）CertainChinesecuisines,suchasthewell-knownRoastedDuckfromBeijingorthedeliciousTianjin-stylePancakes,mightappearcommonplacetotheChinese,buttheyhavegainedglobalrecognition.Theappealofthesedelicaciesisdeeplyrootedinvastgeographicaldiversity.Stretchingfromtheextremelycoldnorthernplainstothesouthernrainforests,differentregionshavetheiruniqueingredientsandcookingtechniques.16,commonlyreferredtoastheEightMajorCuisinesofChina.Theseincludetherichandflavor-packeddishesofSichuan,thedelicateandvariedtastesofGuangdong,themouth-wateringandheartyfoodsofShandong,andthespicyandsourflavorsofHunan,amongothers.Climateplaysacrucialroleinshapingregionalcuisines.InSichuan,forexample,thehotandwetclimate,coupledwiththeregion’smountainousphysicalgeography,hasledtoapreferenceforspicyfoods,likeStir-FriedTofuinHotSauceorSpicyChicken.Thespicyflavorsaddappetitetodishes.Inaddition,17.TheuniqueconditionsoftheSichuanBasin,withitslow-lyinglandanddifficultyinlosingheatthroughevaporation(蒸發(fā)),contributetothispreference.OneofthemostnoteworthycontrastsbetweensouthernandnorthernChinesecuisinesliesintheemploymentofingredients.Southerndishestendtobelighterandmoredelicate,featuringseafood,vegetables,andrice.Incontrast,18.Theyhaveawealthofwheat-baseddisheslikenoodlesanddumplings.19,regardlessoftheirdifferences.Dishesareattentivelycookedtostimulatethesensesandpromoteasenseofpleasure.Theuseoffresh,seasonalingredients,alongwiththecloseattentiontodetailsinpreparationandpresentation,definesChinesecuisine.AnotherimportantaspectofChinesediningcultureisthesignificanceoftablemanners.Mealsareoftensharedamongfamilyandfriends,witheachpersontakingturnstoserveandpour.Chopsticks,ratherthanforksorknives,arepreferred,symbolizingclosenessandfamiliarity.Theactofeatingtogethergoesbeyondfoodalone.20.A．northerncuisinesareheavierandmoreheartyB．theyservetowarmupandremovedampnessfromthebodayC．ThisdiversitycomesdowntoitsgeographicalandclimaticconditionsD．TheChinesepeoplehaveforcenturiescraftedvarietiesofdeliciousdishesE．ThisgeographicaldiversityhasgivenbirthtoeightmajorcookingtraditionsF．Thatistosay,itrepresentsasenseofcommunityandthestrengthofbondsG．Chinesecuisinesshareemphasisontheperfectharmonyofcolor,flavorandtaste原句原句Climateplaysacrucialroleinshapingregionalcuisines.InSichuan,forexample,thehotandwetclimate,coupledwiththeregion’smountainousphysicalgeography,hasledtoapreferenceforspicyfoods,likeStir-FriedTofuinHotSauceorSpicyChicken.譯文氣候在塑造地方菜系方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用。例如，在四川，濕熱的氣候加上該地區(qū)的多山地理特征，導(dǎo)致了對辛辣食物的偏好，如辣味豆腐或辣子雞。分析+--[主句:Climateplaysacrucialroleinshapingregionalcuisines]|+--[地點(diǎn)狀語從句:InSichuan,forexample]|+--[主句:thehotandwetclimate,coupledwiththeregion’smountainousphysicalgeography,hasledtoapreferenceforspicyfoods]|+--[狀語:coupledwiththeregion’smountainousphysicalgeography]|+--[賓語:apreferenceforspicyfoods]|+--[同位語:likeStir-FriedTofuinHotSauceorSpicyChicken]1.cuisinen.菜肴1.cuisinen.菜肴 2.delicacyn.美味，佳肴3.diversityn.多樣性 4.geographicaladj.地理的5.climaticadj.氣候的 6.flavor-packedadj.充滿風(fēng)味的7.evaporationn.蒸發(fā) 8.noteworthyadj.值得注意的9.harmonyn.和諧 10.seasonaladj.季節(jié)性的（六）Around2000yearsago,ancientChinesedividedthesun’sannualcircularmotioninto24equalsegments,eachsegmentwascalleda‘SolarTerm’.Eachsolarterm21auniqueperiodofayear.Buthaveyoueverheardtheterm—“HuiNantian”,auniquemeteorological(氣象)22thatoccurs23insouthernChina?Thisterm,whichtranslatesto“thereturnofthesouthwind,”encapsulates(概括)aseasonalshiftthatnotonly24theweatherpatterns,butalsodeeplyaffectsthewayoflifeandculturalpracticesinthisregion.“HuiNantian”occursduringthe25fromwintertospring,whenthecold,dryairofwinter26thewarm,dampairofthesouth.Thischangeisnotmerelyameteorologicalshift;it’saculturalevent.PeopleinthesouthernChinaanticipate“HuiNantian”witha27ofexcitementandcaution.Ontheonehand,itsignalstheendofwinterandthe28ofspring,atimeofrenewalandrebirth.Ontheotherhand,the29humidityanddampnesscanpresentchallenges,especiallyintermsofmaintainingtheintegrityofbuildingsand30personalitems.InChineseculture,“HuiNantian”isoftenassociatedwithtraditionalpracticesandbeliefs.Italsoreflectstheimportanceofrespectfor31andtraditionalvaluesinChineseculture.Inaddition,itisalsoconnectedwiththeconceptof“harmonywithnature.”Thisbeliefencouragespeopletoliveinharmonywiththenaturalworldandrespectthe32ofnature,suchasthechangingoftheseasonsandtheflowofenergy.By33thesenaturalrhythms,itisbelievedthatpeoplecanachieveastateofinnerpeaceandharmony,whichisessentialforleadingahealthyand34life.Overall,HuiNantianshowsablendoftraditionalpractices,beliefs,andvaluesthatareuniquetoChineseculture.ThesepracticesnotonlyservetopreservetheculturalheritageofChinabutalso35harmonyandbalanceinpeople’slives.21．A．reviewed B．represented C．regained D．researched22．A．phenomenon B．view C．landscape D．opinion23．A．hardly B．seldom C．primarily D．never24．A．maintains B．remains C．changes D．keeps25．A．transportation B．show C．transplant D．shift26．A．givesout B．givesup C．givesoff D．giveswayto27．A．result B．force C．mix D．power28．A．end B．a(chǎn)pproach C．warmth D．beauty29．A．decreased B．lost C．increased D．regained30．A．a(chǎn)rriving B．preserving C．serving D．a(chǎn)pproving31．A．a(chǎn)ncestors B．wealth C．harvest D．descendants32．A．circles B．return C．power D．cycles33．A．following B．keeping C．noticing D．staying34．A．brilliant B．unforgettable C．necessary D．satisfying35．A．protect B．promote C．preview D．predict1.meteorologicaladj.氣象的1.meteorologicaladj.氣象的 2.encapsulatev.概括3.integrityn.完整性 4.anticipatev.期待5.renewaln.更新 6.maintainv.維護(hù)7.respectn.尊重 8.conceptn.概念9.harmonyn.和諧 10.preservev.保存（一）（2023·新課標(biāo)=2\*ROMANII卷）YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark,andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小徑),camping,orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.1．Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A．PhotographyWorkshops. B．JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C．CanyonTalksatArtistPoint. D．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.2．WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A．Worksoffamousartists. B．Protectionofwildanimals.C．Basicphotographyskills. D．Historyofthecanyonarea.3．WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A．ArtistPoint. B．WashburnTrailhead.C．CanyonVillageStore. D．VisitorEducationCenter.（二）（2023·全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)4(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe5(six)century,B．C．Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,6RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow.”Carsonusesasimple,directstyle