高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2025-2026學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AKids’FunScienceMuseumisamagicalplacewhereyoungmindscanexplore,learn,andhavefun.Itisdesignedespeciallyforkids,offeringawiderangeofexcitingactivitiesthatmakesciencecomealive.Theactivitiesaimtoinspire(喚起)children’scuriosityabouttheworldofscienceinafunandeasy-to-understandway.Withcolorfulexhibits,hands-onexperiments,andengagingshows,it’saplacethateverykidwouldlovetovisit.ActivityNameTimeTimelengthPlace“LittleFish”5DFilm2:00pm30minutes5DRoomStar-watchingClass10:30am40minutesStarRoomWaterExperimentShow9:00am25minutesScienceRoomPaperToyClass3:00pm45minutesCraftRoomGeneralVisitorRules●Kids’FunScienceMuseumisasmoke-freearea.Youcan’tbringcigarettes(香煙)ore-cigarettes,eveninoutdoorareas.●Petsareallowedinside.●Ifyouwanttolistentomusic,pleaseuseheadphones.Don’tletitbotherothers.●Allticketsarefinal.Youcan’tgetarefund(退款)afterbuying.●Refuseentryforticketholdersmorethan15minuteslatefortheirexhibitionentrytimewithoutrefunds.●Ifyouwanttochangeyouractivitytime,youmustdoitatleast12hoursbeforetheoriginaltime.TicketPricesYoucanbuygeneraladmissionticketson-siteoronline.Ifyoubuythemonline,youwillgeta10%discount.AgeGeneralAdmissionYouth(3-17)$20Adults(18+)$401.WhatistheaimoftheactivitiesinKids’FunScienceMuseum?A.Todevelopchildren’sinterestinscience.B.Toconnectwithchildrenthroughscience.C.Toteachchildrenhowtodoscienceexperiments.D.Tohelpchildrengetbettergradesinscienceclass.2.WhatisallowedinKids’FunScienceMuseum?A.Entering20minuteslate. B.Smokinginoutdoorareas.C.Bringingadog. D.Refundingtheticket.3.Howmuchshouldaparentwitha15-year-oldteenagerpayiftheybuytheticketsonline?A.$36. B.$54. C.$58. D.$60.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了兒童趣味科學(xué)館的相關(guān)情況。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theactivitiesaimtoinspire(喚起)children’scuriosityabouttheworldofscienceinafunandeasy-to-understandway.(這些活動旨在以有趣和易懂的方式激發(fā)孩子們對科學(xué)世界的好奇心)”可知，兒童趣味科學(xué)館舉辦一系列活動的目的是喚起孩子對科學(xué)世界的好奇心。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GeneralVisitorRules下的“Petsareallowedinside.(寵物可入內(nèi))”可知，寵物是允許被帶入兒童趣味科學(xué)館的。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TicketPrices下的“Youcanbuygeneraladmissionticketson-siteoronline.Ifyoubuythemonline,youwillgeta10%discount.(你可以在現(xiàn)場或網(wǎng)上購買普通門票。如果你在網(wǎng)上買，可以打九折)”以及表格可知，一名家長和一個15歲的孩子在網(wǎng)上購票的價格為：(40+20)×(1-10%)=60×90%=54。故選B項。BLastweekend,Itookmy4-year-oldgrandsonOlivertothepark.Hehadbeenpestering(糾纏)metotakehimtotheparktowatchtheducksinthepond;Ifinallyrealizedhiswish.IwentinthinkingI’dbetheteachertoteachhimabouttheducks,butthatday,Oliverendedupteachingmemore.Hehadnogoals.4-year-oldsdon’tneedgoals.Assoonaswestepped50feetintothepark,Oliverlookedupatthesky,wherebigsoftcloudsmovedslowly.Hestoodstill,smiling,andfoundrealjoyinwatchingthem.I’dlongforgottenclouds’magic:Mymindwasfilledwiththingstodo,butwatchingtheirslowmovementcouldbesoothingandreducemyworriesandnervousness.Next,Oliverfocusedonthebigtrees,laughingastheirbranchesshookinthewind.Whenasmallbirdjumpedonthegrass,heranafterit,laughingasthoughitwerethefunniestthingintheworld.Inthatmoment,nothingelsematteredtohim.Hiscuriosityneverdisappeared,especiallywhenitcametofallenleaves.Hehuntedforthem,bigandsmall,treatingeachonelikeatreasure.Heonlysawthemastoolsforplay.Noscreensortoyswereneeded.Nearby,kidsplayedwiththeirparents,anddogwalkerspassedby.Oliverwavedateveryone,holdingouthishandforhighfiveswith4-and5-year-olds,whosmiledandsaidhiback.Hismixofrealwordsandkidtalkdidn’tstophim—hejustwantedtoconnect,withoutjudgment,orfear.Thebiggestlessonhitmethen:liveinthemoment.Heneveraskedthetime,whenwe’dleave,orwhatwouldbenext.Whetherhewasrunningaftersticks,pettingadog,orrunningacrossthegrass,hewasentirelyinthemoment.ThathourwithOliverremindedmeofthewonderweloseasadults,andofmanythingswecanlearnfromachild’ssimple,unplannedjoy.4.WhydidtheauthortakeOlivertothepark?A.Tocleanthepark. B.Tofeedtheducks.C.Toactasateacher. D.Towatchtheducks.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soothing”inparagraph2mean?A.Dangerous. B.Confusing. C.Comforting. D.Changeable.6.WhatdoweknowaboutOliverfromparagraph3?A.Hewasafraidofmeetingpeople.B.Hehadfunplayingtoysinthepark.C.Hehadastrongcuriosityaboutfallenleaves.D.Hedidn’tgetalongwellwithotherchildreninthepark.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Knowledgeispower. B.Nowisallthatcounts.C.Friendshipcomesfromgettingtogether. D.Nothingismoreimportantthaneducation.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者帶孫子去公園玩的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hehadbeenpestering(糾纏)metotakehimtotheparktowatchtheducksinthepond;Ifinallyrealizedhiswish.(他一直纏著我，要我?guī)ス珗@看池塘里的鴨子；我最終實現(xiàn)了他的愿望)”可知，Oliver一直纏著作者帶他去公園看池塘里的鴨子，作者最終滿足了他的愿望。故選D項。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Hestoodstill,smiling,andfoundrealjoyinwatchingthem.I’dlongforgottenclouds’magic:Mymindwasfilledwiththingstodo(他站著不動，面帶微笑，從看著他們身上找到了真正的快樂。我早就忘記了云的魔力：我的腦子里滿是要做的事情)”以及之后的轉(zhuǎn)折以及后文“andreducemyworriesandnervousness(減少我的擔(dān)憂和緊張)”可知，劃線單詞和“減少我的擔(dān)憂和緊張”并列，表達(dá)同樣的意思，推知，應(yīng)是“放松”之意，和C項意思相近。故選C項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hiscuriosityneverdisappeared,especiallywhenitcametofallenleaves.Hehuntedforthem,bigandsmall,treatingeachonelikeatreasure.(他的好奇心從未消失，尤其是對落葉的好奇。他到處尋找，無論大小，把每一個都當(dāng)作珍寶)”可知，Oliver對落葉有著強(qiáng)烈的好奇心。故選C項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thebiggestlessonhitmethen:liveinthemoment.Heneveraskedthetime,whenwe’dleave,orwhatwouldbenext.Whetherhewasrunningaftersticks,pettingadog,orrunningacrossthegrass,hewasentirelyinthemoment.ThathourwithOliverremindedmeofthewonderweloseasadults,andofmanythingswecanlearnfromachild’ssimple,unplannedjoy.(我從中得到的最大教訓(xùn)是：活在當(dāng)下。他從來沒有問過時間，我們什么時候離開，或者接下來要做什么。無論他是在追樹枝、撫摸狗，還是在草地上奔跑，他都完全沉浸在當(dāng)下。和Oliver在一起的那一小時讓我想起了我們作為成年人所失去的奇跡，也讓我想起了我們可以從一個孩子簡單的、計劃外的快樂中學(xué)到很多東西)”可知，作者領(lǐng)悟到最重要的一點(diǎn)：要活在當(dāng)下。故選B項。CTheUniversityofWyoming(UW)hasgoodnewsforitsstudents.OnFriday,theuniversitywillopenanewNorthResidenceHall,alongwithitsstate-of-the-art,two-storeyDiningCenter.Theopeningispartof“SaddleUp”,aone-weekprogramthathelpsfirst-yearstudentsgetreadyforuniversitylife.Thisbigprojectcosts$285.50million,thelargestintheuniversity’shistory.ItalsoincludesSouthHall,whichisstillbeingbuiltandwillopeninthenextspring.Thesearethefirstnewstudentdormitories(宿舍)atUWin60years.NorthHallhas410beds,andSouthHallwillhave542.Schoolleadersbelievethenewhallswillgivestudentsasafeandfriendlyplacetoliveandstudy.ThebuildingsaredesignedtobetterimproveUW’sfreshmaninterestgroupsandliving-learningcommunities,wherestudentsshareclassesandactivitieswiththeirdormitoryneighborsalongwithsharedinterestsandmajors.Thehallsarefiveorsixstoreystall.Theyhavesinglerooms,doublerooms,andsemi-suiteswithprivateorsharedbathrooms.Eachroomhasitsownheaterandairconditionerthatstopworkingifawindowisopen.Thehallsareinthemiddleofcampus,closetothestudentunionandthewellnesscenter.Manystudentsareexcited.“ThenewhallandDiningCenteraregreat,”saysjuniorstudentTennysonSmith.“Theywillmakecampuslifebetterforeveryone.”TheDiningCenterwillhaveninefoodstationsandwillservenotonlystudents,butalsoteachers,andlocalpeople.Studentscanchooseafive-dayorseven-daymealplan.Otherscanpay$12.99toeatasmuchastheywant.“Afteryearsofplanning,designingandconstructing(建設(shè)),thesenewhousinganddiningfacilities(設(shè)施)arenotjustbuildings—theyofferabetterwaytolive,learnandconnectoncampus,”saysEricWebb,aUW’steacher.8.WhydidUWdecidetobuildthenewhalls?A.Tomeetthecity’shousingneeds. B.Toallowstudentstodoexercise.C.Toattractinternationalstudents. D.Toimprovestudents’campuslife.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Basicinformationaboutthehalls. B.Anintroductiontothenewcampus.C.Thetotalcostofthediningcenter. D.Schoolleaders’viewsonteenagelife.10.WhatdoesEricwanttosayaboutthesefacilities?A.Theyaimtoexploreagreenerlifestyle. B.Theywillmainlyworkasfoodstations.C.Theywillshapestudents’collegeexperience. D.Theyaredesignedbyfamousengineers.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.UWWelcomesFreshmenWarmly B.NewBuildingstoOpenforUWStudentsC.AOne-weekProgramIsFreetoAll D.First-yearStudentsFaceNewChallenges【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。報道了懷俄明大學(xué)斥資2.855億美元新建的北宿舍樓和現(xiàn)代化餐廳即將對外開放。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Schoolleadersbelievethenewhallswillgivestudentsasafeandfriendlyplacetoliveandstudy.ThebuildingsaredesignedtobetterimproveUW’sfreshmaninterestgroupsandliving-learningcommunities,wherestudentsshareclassesandactivitieswiththeirdormitoryneighborsalongwithsharedinterestsandmajors.(學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)認(rèn)為，新宿舍將為學(xué)生提供一個安全、友好的生活和學(xué)習(xí)場所。這些建筑的設(shè)計是為了更好地改善懷俄明大學(xué)的新生興趣小組和生活學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)，學(xué)生們可以與宿舍鄰居分享課程和活動，以及共同的興趣和專業(yè))”可知，懷俄明大學(xué)決定建造新的宿舍樓是為了改善學(xué)生校園生活。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Thehallsarefiveorsixstoreystall.Theyhavesinglerooms,doublerooms,andsemi-suiteswithprivateorsharedbathrooms.Eachroomhasitsownheaterandairconditionerthatstopworkingifawindowisopen.Thehallsareinthemiddleofcampus,closetothestudentunionandthewellnesscenter.(宿舍樓有五、六層高。他們有單人間、雙人間和帶私人或公用浴室的半套房。每個房間都有自己的暖氣和空調(diào)，如果窗戶打開，空調(diào)就會停止工作。宿舍在校園的中央，靠近學(xué)生會和健康中心)”可知，本段主要介紹了宿舍樓的基本信息。故選A項。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Afteryearsofplanning,designingandconstructing(建設(shè)),thesenewhousinganddiningfacilities(設(shè)施)arenotjustbuildings—theyofferabetterwaytolive,learnandconnectoncampus,”saysEricWebb,aUW’steacher.(“經(jīng)過多年的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計和建設(shè)，這些新的住房和餐飲設(shè)施不僅僅是建筑——它們提供了一種更好的生活、學(xué)習(xí)和校園交流方式，”懷俄明大學(xué)的老師EricWebb說)”可知，Eric的話意在說明這些設(shè)施將會對學(xué)生的大學(xué)體驗產(chǎn)生影響。故選C項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“OnFriday,theuniversitywillopenanewNorthResidenceHall,alongwithitsstate-of-the-art,two-storeyDiningCenter.(周五，該大學(xué)將開放一個新的北宿舍樓，以及最先進(jìn)的兩層樓高的餐飲中心)”以及第三段“Thisbigprojectcosts$285.50million,thelargestintheuniversity’shistory.(這個大項目耗資2.855億美元，是該校歷史上最大的項目)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要報道了懷俄明大學(xué)斥資2.855億美元新建的北宿舍樓和現(xiàn)代化餐廳即將對外開放，所以B項“NewBuildingstoOpenforUWStudents(新建筑將為懷俄明大學(xué)學(xué)生開放)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項。DArecentstudysuggeststhateatingcheese(奶酪)mighthaveagoodeffectonhealth,especiallywhenitcomestosleep.Thestudy,publishedintheSleepMedicinejournal,exploredthepossiblerelationshipbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea,aconditionwherebreathingstopsandstartsduringsleep.Whilepastresearchhastalkedaboutthegeneralhealthadvantagesofcheese,thisstudyspecificallylookedatitspossibleconnectiontosleepapnea.Theresearchersnotedthatcheesecontainsimportantnutrients(營養(yǎng)物)likecalcium,protein,andvitamins,whichmaysupportmetabolicandhearthealth-twofactors(因素)relatedtosleepapnea.Toconductthestudy,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromtwolargehealthdatabases:theUKBiobankandtheFinnGen.Theystudiedhealthinformationfrom400,000peopleandfoundthatthosewhoatecheesehada28%lowerriskofdevelopingsleepapneacomparedtothosewhodidnoteatcheese.ThestudyusedamethodcalledMendelianrandomization,whichhelpsrecognizecause-and-effectrelationshipsbetweenriskfactorsandhealthresults.Italsoexaminedhoweatingcheesemightinfluence44differentbiomarkers(生物標(biāo)志物),suchasbloodpressure.Theresultsshowedthateatingcheeseaffected23biomarkers,withsixofthemdirectlyconnectedtoalowerriskofsleepapnea.Whilethisconnectioniscertainlyexciting,KaelMerrick,aprofessorofCollegiateMental&PhysicalHealthSciences,warnedthatthestudyonlyshowsarelationship,notacause-and-effectrelationship,sowehavealongwaytogo.Dr.KevinShayani,whoisfromLenoxHillHospitalatNorthwellHealthinNewYorkCity,saidthatcheesemightreducesomebadfactorsconnectedtosleepapnea.However,headvisedagainsteatingplentyofcheese,assomecheesesarehigherinfatthanothers.Someexpertssaythatpeoplewithsleepapneamayfeeltiredwhentheywakeupafterafullnight’ssleep.Treatmentmayincludelifestylechanges,medicine,orevenoperations,dependingonhowserioustheproblemis.Alwaysaskadoctorforadviceifyouhaveworries.12.Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A.Clearadvantagesofgettingadeepsleep.B.Differentfactorsaffectingthegeneralhealth.C.Therisingrisksofheartproblemsamongtheelderly.D.Theconnectionbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea.13.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodoinparagraph4?A.Pointoutnewresearchdirections. B.Provideextrainformationconnectedtothestudy.C.Presentapracticalsolution. D.Introduceresultsofotherfindings.14.WhatdoesKaelMerrickthinkofthestudy?A.Itisunexpected. B.Itmakesnosense.C.Itiswell-designed. D.Itremainstobecontinued.15.WhatdoesDr.KevinShayanisuggestpeopledo?A.Eatcheesereasonably. B.Getenoughsleep.C.Keepabalancedlifestyle. D.Gotothedoctor’soften.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新研究，探討了食用奶酪與降低睡眠呼吸暫停風(fēng)險之間的潛在聯(lián)系?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thestudy,publishedintheSleepMedicinejournal,exploredthepossiblerelationshipbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea(這項發(fā)表在《睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上的研究探討了吃奶酪與降低睡眠呼吸暫停風(fēng)險之間可能存在的聯(lián)系)”可知，這項新研究旨在探索吃奶酪與降低睡眠呼吸暫停風(fēng)險之間的聯(lián)系。故選D。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThestudyusedamethodcalledMendelianrandomization,whichhelpsrecognizecause-and-effectrelationshipsbetweenriskfactorsandhealthresults.Italsoexaminedhoweatingcheesemightinfluence44differentbiomarkers(生物標(biāo)志物),suchasbloodpressure.Theresultsshowedthateatingcheeseaffected23biomarkers,withsixofthemdirectlyconnectedtoalowerriskofsleepapnea.(該研究使用了一種稱為孟德爾隨機(jī)化的方法，該方法有助于識別風(fēng)險因素與健康結(jié)果之間的因果關(guān)系。它還研究了吃奶酪如何影響44種不同的生物標(biāo)志物，比如血壓。結(jié)果顯示，吃奶酪會影響23項生物標(biāo)志物，其中6項與較低的睡眠呼吸暫停風(fēng)險直接相關(guān)。)”可知，該段主要補(bǔ)充了兩項關(guān)鍵信息：一是研究采用“孟德爾隨機(jī)化法”，為分析因果關(guān)系提供助力；二是研究檢測出奶酪會影響23種生物標(biāo)志物，其中6種與降低睡眠呼吸暫停風(fēng)險直接相關(guān)。這些內(nèi)容是對上文研究結(jié)論的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“KaelMerrick...warnedthatthestudyonlyshowsarelationship,notacause-and-effectrelationship,sowehavealongwaytogo(KaelMerrick...警告說，這項研究只表明了一種關(guān)系，而不是因果關(guān)系，因此我們還有很長的路要走)”可知，KaelMerrick認(rèn)為這項研究還有待繼續(xù)深入。故選D?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Dr.KevinShayani...advisedagainsteatingplentyofcheese,assomecheesesarehigherinfatthanothers(KevinShayani...博士建議不要大量食用奶酪，因為有些奶酪的脂肪含量比其他奶酪高)”可知，KevinShayani博士建議人們合理食用奶酪。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheAdvantagesofLearningChineseChessforChildrenThechancetolearnfromtheirmistakesKidstendtogiveupiftheylosetoooftenandtooquicklyinChinesechess.However,iftheycouldgoovertheirmistakes,theywouldseewhattheydidwrongandhowtomaketherightmoves.____16____.Withthepractice,theycanavoidmakingthesamemistakesnexttime.Theabilitytobearpressure(壓力)OneofthegreatestadvantagesofChinesechesstochildrenisthatithelpsthemtodeveloptheirabilitytobearpressure.Whenthesituationistense(令人緊張的)onthechessboard,theyneedtofocusandtrytheirbest.____17____.Theyalsoknowthattheymusttaketheirchances,butthatitwillnotalwaysleadtosuccess.Thewilltowinandsucceed____18____.Thekeygoalistoallowthemtoplaylongenoughsothattheystartwinning.PlayingChinesechesshelpschildrenunderstandthatiftheywanttogetbetterandbeattheirchallengers,theymustputineffort.Inshort,theylearnthatsuccessisnoteasy,althoughitispossibleiftheymaketheeffort.____19____ByplayingChinesechess,childrenunderstandthattheycannotdothisorthatifitgoesagainsttherules.Iftheybreaktherules,theymustberesponsibleforthefailure.Childrenalsolearnabouttheresponsibilitythatcomeswithmakingamove.TherearenotakebacksinChinesechess.____20____.A.Theyknowthattheycan’tgiveupB.ThecouragetodealwiththefailureC.ThewaytoteachrulesandresponsibilityD.Similarly,thereisnosecondchanceinlifeE.Asisknowntous,childrendon’tlikelosingF.ThisleadsthemtorealizethatwinningoftenisamustG.Thisisthereasonwhythinkingcarefullyafterthegameissoimportant【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了孩子學(xué)習(xí)中國象棋能獲得的四種益處。【16題詳析】根據(jù)前文“KidstendtogiveupiftheylosetoooftenandtooquicklyinChinesechess.However,iftheycouldgoovertheirmistakes,theywouldseewhattheydidwrongandhowtomaketherightmoves.(在中國象棋中，如果孩子們輸?shù)锰l繁、太快，他們往往會放棄。然而，如果他們能回顧自己的錯誤，他們就會看到自己做錯了什么，以及如何采取正確的行動)”以及后文“Withthepractice,theycanavoidmakingthesamemistakesnexttime.(通過練習(xí)，他們可以避免在下次犯同樣的錯誤)”可知，此處在講述需要回顧錯誤，所以G項“Thisisthereasonwhythinkingcarefullyafterthegameissoimportant(這就是為什么賽后仔細(xì)思考是如此重要的原因)”既承接了復(fù)盤錯誤的行為，又解釋了該行為的意義。故選G項。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Whenthesituationistense(令人緊張的)onthechessboard,theyneedtofocusandtrytheirbest.(當(dāng)棋盤上的局勢緊張時，他們需要集中精力，盡最大努力)”以及后文“Theyalsoknowthattheymusttaketheirchances,butthatitwillnotalwaysleadtosuccess.(他們也知道他們必須抓住機(jī)會，但這并不總能帶來成功)”可知，A項“Theyknowthattheycan’tgiveup(他們知道他們不能放棄)”承接上文，并引出下文，和下文為同構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空在段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Thekeygoalistoallowthemtoplaylongenoughsothattheystartwinning.PlayingChinesechesshelpschildrenunderstandthatiftheywanttogetbetterandbeattheirchallengers,theymustputineffort.Inshort,theylearnthatsuccessisnoteasy,althoughitispossibleiftheymaketheeffort.(關(guān)鍵的目標(biāo)是讓他們玩足夠長的時間，這樣他們就開始贏了。下棋可以幫助孩子們明白，如果他們想要變得更好，擊敗他們的挑戰(zhàn)者，他們必須付出努力。簡而言之，他們了解到成功并不容易，盡管如果他們努力就有可能成功)”可知，本段圍繞獲勝與成功的意愿展開，所以E項“Asisknowntous,childrendon’tlikelosing(眾所周知，孩子不喜歡失敗)”符合文意，引出下文。故選E項。【19題詳析】設(shè)空為本段小標(biāo)題，是對本段的高度概括，根據(jù)后文“ByplayingChinesechess,childrenunderstandthattheycannotdothisorthatifitgoesagainsttherules.Iftheybreaktherules,theymustberesponsibleforthefailure.(通過下棋，孩子們明白，如果違反規(guī)則，他們不能這樣做或那樣做。如果他們違反了規(guī)則，他們必須對失敗負(fù)責(zé))”可知，本段重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了下象棋過程中規(guī)則與責(zé)任的重要性，所以C項“Thewaytoteachrulesandresponsibility(教導(dǎo)規(guī)則和責(zé)任的方式)”符合本段主題。故選C項?！?0題詳析】設(shè)空位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Childrenalsolearnabouttheresponsibilitythatcomeswithmakingamove.TherearenotakebacksinChinesechess.(孩子們還能從中領(lǐng)悟到落子所肩負(fù)的責(zé)任。中國象棋里沒有悔棋一說)”可知，D項“Similarly,thereisnosecondchanceinlife(同樣，人生沒有第二次機(jī)會)”將象棋規(guī)則與人生道理類比，既呼應(yīng)無反悔的設(shè)定，又深化責(zé)任的主題，銜接自然。故選D項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ithinkweshouldbekindtopeoplearoundusbecausewe’realljusttryingtogetthrougheachday.Beingpoliteandsharingasmile____21____nothing,right?Manyyearsago,Ineededto____22____aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity.Mycompanyandthiscompanywerebothrecentlyboughtbyanothercompany,butsomejobsneededtobe____23____thousandsofmilesaway.Thefewworkerslefttherewereonly____24____what’sleftofayears-oldbusiness.Youcouldseethe____25____onourfaces.Noonefeltgoodaboutit.Whenarrivingthere,ayoungworkerasked____26____aboutmynameandpurposebeforesigningmeinandfetchingaforklift(叉車).Butthepartwastoolong.“I’llgetlongforks,”hesaidandleft.Twentyminuteslater,hecameback,sorryformylong____27____.“Everythingisamesswiththe____28____—nooneknewwheretheforkswere,”heexplained.WhenI____29____aboutallthemisfortunes(不幸),hesmiledandcomfortedme,saying,“We’realldoinggreat.Keepgoing.”Hissmilewasso____30____thatIcouldn’thelpbutsmileback.Whenwewavedgoodbye,Irealizedthatwhetheritwasakindwordorjustasmile,itcould____31____aperson’sday,evenwhenlifefeelsmessy.WheneverI____32____difficulties,Ialwaysthinkofthatyoungworker.Evenin____33____moments,thereisalwaysaspark(火花)ofhope,Perhaps,by____34____kindness,wecanbecomesparksforothersand____35____eachotherthroughlife’supsanddowns.21.A.cost B.solve C.mean D.prove22.A.design B.collect C.produce D.fix23.A.tested B.compared C.chosen D.finished24.A.showingoff B.burningdown C.turningto D.cleaningup25.A.pride B.confidence C.sadness D.shame26.A.actually B.politely C.secretly D.doubtfully27.A.distance B.conversation C.check D.waiting28.A.shutdown B.comeback C.setup D.takeoff29.A.dreamed B.complained C.heard D.brought30.A.meaningful B.annoying C.nice D.disappointing31.A.change B.explain C.explore D.guess32.A.meet B.discuss C.wonder D.discover33.A.moving B.hidden C.fantastic D.challenging34.A.getting B.observing C.spreading D.promising35.A.teach B.help C.follow D.praise【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.A33.D34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主張應(yīng)善待他人，講述了作者多年前取卡車零件時，面對公司變動的混亂，一位年輕工人仍友善相待，這讓作者領(lǐng)悟到善意能溫暖他人，也可助彼此度過人生起伏。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：保持禮貌并給予微笑是毫無代價的，對吧？A.cost花費(fèi)；B.solve解決；C.mean意味著；D.prove證明。根據(jù)上文“Beingpoliteandsharingasmile”以及后文“nothing”可知，保持禮貌和給予微笑不需要花費(fèi)什么，用cost。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多年前，我需要維修一個來自另一座城市某家公司的重型卡車零件。A.design設(shè)計；B.collect收集；C.produce產(chǎn)生；D.fix修理。根據(jù)后文“aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity”可知，作者需要修理卡車零件。故選D。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的公司以及這家公司最近都被另一家公司收購了，但有些工作卻需要在數(shù)千英里之外完成。A.tested測試；B.compared比較；C.chosen選擇；D.finished完成。根據(jù)上文“aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity”可知，因為收購，有些工作卻需要在數(shù)千英里之外完成。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：留在那里的那幾位員工只是在清理一家已經(jīng)經(jīng)營了多年的企業(yè)所遺留下來的殘余物。A.showingoff炫耀；B.burningdown燒毀；C.turningto求助于；D.cleaningup清理。根據(jù)后文“what’sleftofayears-oldbusiness”可知，那幾位員工只是在清理一家已經(jīng)經(jīng)營了多年的企業(yè)所遺留下來的殘余物。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你能從我們臉上看到那深深的悲傷之情。A.pride驕傲；B.confidence自信；C.sadness悲傷；D.shame羞愧。根據(jù)后文“Noonefeltgoodaboutit.(沒有人對此感到滿意)”可知，員工對此感到悲傷。故選C。【26題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)那里后，一位年輕的工作人員禮貌地詢問了我的姓名和來意，然后為我辦理了登記手續(xù)并取來了叉車。A.actually實際上；B.politely禮貌地；C.secretly秘密地；D.doubtfully懷疑地。根據(jù)后文“aboutmynameandpurpose”以及上文“Beingpolite”可知，一位年輕的工作人員禮貌地詢問了作者的姓名以及來意。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：二十分鐘后，他回來了，還為我長時間的等待而道歉。A.distance距離；B.conversation對話；C.check檢查；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)上文“Twentyminuteslater”可知，對方因為讓作者等了20分鐘道歉。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“由于這次停業(yè)，一切都變得一團(tuán)糟——沒人知道叉車放在哪兒了，”他解釋道。A.shutdown停業(yè)；B.comeback恢復(fù)；C.setup建立；D.takeoff起飛。根據(jù)上文“Mycompanyandthiscompanywerebothrecentlyboughtbyanothercompany”可知，這家公司被收購了，由于這次停業(yè)，一切都變得一團(tuán)糟。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我抱怨起所有遭遇的不幸時，他微笑著安慰我說：“我們都很棒啊。繼續(xù)努力吧?！盇.dreamed夢想；B.complained抱怨；C.heard聽見；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)后文“aboutallthemisfortunes(不幸)”可知，作者抱怨遭遇不幸。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的笑容如此親切，以至于我也不由自主地回以微笑。A.meaningful有意義的；B.annoying令人生氣的；C.nice好的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)后文“Icouldn’thelpbutsmileback”可知，作者報以微笑是因為對方的笑容親切。故選C。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們揮手道別時，我意識到，無論是一句親切的話語，還是一次微笑，都能改變一個人的一天，即便在生活看似混亂的時候也是如此。A.change改變；B.explain解釋；C.explore探索；D.guess猜測。根據(jù)后文“aperson’sday,evenwhenlifefeelsmessy”以及上文“Icouldn’thelpbutsmileback.”可知，是一句親切的話語、一次微笑可以改變一個人的一天。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我遇到困難時，我總會想起那個年輕的工人。A.meet遇到；B.discuss討論；C.wonder好奇；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)賓語“difficulties”可知，指遇到困難。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：即使在艱難時刻，也總會有希望的火花閃爍。A.moving感人的；B.hidden隱藏的；C.fantastic極好的；D.challenging艱難的。根據(jù)上文“difficulties”以及“aboutallthemisfortunes”可知，此處指生活中的艱難時刻，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：或許，通過傳遞善良，我們能夠成為他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此幫助。A.getting得到；B.observing觀察；C.spreading傳播；D.promising承諾。根據(jù)上文“We’realldoinggreat.Keepgoing”可知，對方向作者傳遞了善意，改變了作者。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：或許，通過傳遞善良，我們能夠成為他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此幫助。A.teach教學(xué)；B.help幫助；C.follow跟隨；D.praise贊美。根據(jù)上文“wecanbecomesparksforothers”以及后文“eachotherthroughlife’supsanddowns”可知，我們能夠成為他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此幫助。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InJune1933,writerBaJin____36____(visit)abanyantreeover380yearsinGuangdongandlaterwroteaboutitinhisshortarticle.Severalyearslater,thesamenaturalscenedeeplytouchedZhuDanian,whoshowedartandnatureoftheperfectfit.ZhuDanianis____37____famousartistinChina.HeisgoodatusingmineralcolorsandthegongbimethodofclassicChinesepainting____38____(create)theworks.HisceramicpaintingOdetotheForest,a20-meter-longpieceshowntothepublicin1979,____39____(true)showsthebanyan’sthickandgreenleavesandwhiteherons(鷺)flyingamongbranches.NaturewasthecenterofZhu’screation.Hespenthours,evendays,____40____(draw)picturestocatcheverylivelydetailofnature—fromtwistedandturnedbanyanrootstohot-arearainforestscenesinYunnan.Today,aprintofOdetotheForestcoverstheentirewalloftheground-floorexhibitionhallintheTsinghuaUniversityArtMuseuminBeijing.Itisamajor____41____(attract)at“AttuningtoLife,OdetotheForest”,anongoingexhibitionuntilNov.20atthemuseum.TheprintofOdetotheForestis10meterstall____42____30meterslong,makingitmuch____43____(large)thantheoriginalpainting.Alsoonshowaredozensofsketches(素描)oftheoutdoorsandpaintingsofZhu.Throughtheseworks,Zhuexpressedrespect____44____natureandtriedtogetharmony(和諧)among____45____(human),alllivingthings,andtheworld.【答案】36.visited37.a38.tocreate39.truly40.drawing41.attraction42.and43.larger44.for45.humans【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了著名藝術(shù)家祝大年的創(chuàng)作理念、代表作品及藝術(shù)成就。【36題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：1933年6月，作家巴金在廣東參觀了一棵歷經(jīng)380年的榕樹，并將其寫進(jìn)了他的短篇文章中。visit作本句謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語InJune1933可知，用一般過去時。故填visited?！?7題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：祝大年是中國著名的藝術(shù)家。artist為可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，前應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，famous為輔音因素開頭，用a修飾。故填a?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他擅長運(yùn)用礦物色彩和中國古典繪畫的工筆法來創(chuàng)作作品。本句已有謂語動詞，所以create用非謂語形式，此處是固定搭配：use…todo…意為“用……做……”。故填tocreate?！?9題詳析】考查副詞。句意：他在1979年向公眾展出的20米長的陶瓷畫《森林之歌》，真實地展示了榕樹茂密的綠葉和在樹枝間飛翔的白鷺?？仗幮揎椏蘸蟮膭釉~，用副詞修飾。故填truly?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他不惜花費(fèi)數(shù)小時，甚至數(shù)天時間來作畫，只為捕捉自然中每一處鮮活的細(xì)節(jié)——從蜿蜒曲折的榕樹根，到云南濕熱地區(qū)雨林的景象。此處是固定搭配：spendtime(in)doingsth.意為“花時間做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)填動名詞形式。故填drawing。【41題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這是將持續(xù)到11月20日的“聆聽生命?森林之歌”展覽的主要看點(diǎn)?？涨笆切稳菰~，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，attract的名詞形式是attraction，根據(jù)a可知，用單數(shù)形式。故填attraction?！?2題詳析】考查連詞。句意：《森林之歌》的版畫高10米，長30米，比原畫大得多。根據(jù)句意可知，“10meterstall”和“30meterslong”是并列關(guān)系，用and連接。故填and?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：《森林之歌》的版畫高10米，長30米，比原畫大得多。此處是固定搭配：makesth.adj.，根據(jù)空后的than可知，需用形容詞的比較級形式。故填larger?！?4題詳析】考查介詞。句意：通過這些作品，祝表達(dá)了對自然的敬意，并試圖在人類、所有生物與世界之間尋求和諧共處之道。此處是固定搭配：respectfor意為“對…尊敬”。故填for?！?5題詳析】考查名詞。句意：通過這些作品，祝表達(dá)了對自然的敬意，