第01講Unit1—3重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型回顧和詞匯拓展精講精練(選擇性必修一)選修一Unit1PeopleofAchievement重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型回顧1.vital/?va?tl/n.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的（教材原句）Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.(P2)青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關(guān)鍵成分，據(jù)估計(jì)每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬(wàn)人的性命?！敬钆洹縝evitalfor/to=beofvitalimportance(to)對(duì)……至關(guān)重要Itisvitalthatsbshoulddosth某人做某事是十分重要的【例句】Vitaltohumanlife,artisusedbynationsacrosstheworldforvariouspurposes.藝術(shù)對(duì)人類(lèi)生活至關(guān)重要，世界各地的國(guó)家都在為各種目的而使用藝術(shù)。AsfarasI’mconcerned,readingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.就我個(gè)人而言，閱讀在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中至關(guān)重要。2.mitted/k??m?t?d/adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的（教材原句）TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.(P2)屠呦呦，這位盡職盡責(zé)、鍥而不舍的科學(xué)家1930年12月30日出生于中國(guó)寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部（原北京醫(yī)學(xué)院）。【拓展】bemittedto(doing)sth承諾，保證（做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等）mitv.承諾；保證（某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等）；犯（罪或錯(cuò)誤等）mitmentn.承諾；奉獻(xiàn)mitto(doing)sth/mitoneselftodo承諾；保證（做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等）【例句】Thepanyismittedtobeinganequalopportunitiesemployer.這家公司承諾向所有雇員提供均等機(jī)會(huì)。Theymustmittospendingtimewiththeirolderneighbours.他們必須承諾與年長(zhǎng)的鄰居共度時(shí)光。Wemadeamitmenttokeepworkingtogether.我們作了承諾要繼續(xù)在一起工作。3.evaluate/??v?ljue?t/v.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估（教材原句）Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.(P2)她的團(tuán)隊(duì)研讀了2000多篇（個(gè)）中醫(yī)藥古籍（古方），評(píng)估了28萬(wàn)種植物的藥學(xué)屬性?！就卣埂縠valuationn.估計(jì)，評(píng)價(jià)makeanevaluationof對(duì)……進(jìn)行評(píng)估【例句】Themarketsituationisdifficulttoevaluate.市場(chǎng)形勢(shì)難以評(píng)估。Threeprofessorswereaskedtomakeanevaluationoftheteachingplansdesignedbythenewteachers.三位教授被要求對(duì)新教師設(shè)計(jì)的教案進(jìn)行評(píng)估。4.distinct/d??st??kt/adj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的（教材原句）Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.(P2)通過(guò)研究，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了380種不同的有望戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾的古代中醫(yī)療法。【拓展】bedistinctfrom(in)（在……方面）與……不同distinctiveadj.與眾不同的distinctionn.差別；區(qū)分；優(yōu)秀；特質(zhì)【例句】Engineeringandtechnologyaredisciplinesdistinctfromoneanotherandfromscience.工程學(xué)和工藝學(xué)互不相同，也有別于自然學(xué)科。acknowledge/?k?n?l?d?/v.承認(rèn)（屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等）；（公開(kāi)）感謝However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.(P2)然而，屠呦呦并不認(rèn)輸?！就卣埂縜cknowledgedoing/havingdone承認(rèn)做了……Itiswidely/generallyacknowledgedthat……是大家公認(rèn)的acknowledgementn.承認(rèn)；感謝【例句】Theflowerswereasmallacknowledgementofyourkindness.這些花聊表謝意，感謝你的好心幫助。6.defeat/d??fi:t/n.失敗；挫敗vt.擊敗；戰(zhàn)勝（教材原句）However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.(P2)然而，屠呦呦不認(rèn)輸?！就卣埂縮ufferadefeat遭遇失敗accept/acknowledgedefeat承認(rèn)/接受失敗defeatanenemy打敗敵人【例句】Wehavepreparedandwillnotsufferathoroughdefeat.我們有準(zhǔn)備，決不會(huì)一敗涂地。Youmustlearntoacceptdefeatwithgoodgrace.你必須學(xué)會(huì)欣然接受失敗。Leadersareexpectedtohavethewillandabilitytodefeatanenemy.人們期望領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者有戰(zhàn)勝敵人的意志和能力。7.apparently/??p?r?ntli/adv.顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然（教材原句）Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.(P2)她得出結(jié)論，認(rèn)為水煎青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學(xué)屬性?！就卣埂縜pparentadj.顯而易見(jiàn)的；顯然的；表面上的Itisapparent(tosb)that（對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)）……是顯而易見(jiàn)的【例句】Hepaused,apparentlylostinthought.他停頓下來(lái)，顯然陷入了沉思。Itisapparentthatthismoviehasanartisticvision.很明顯，這部電影具有藝術(shù)性。8.insist/?n?s?st/v.堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求（教材原句）TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.(P3)屠呦呦與團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持以身試藥，以確保藥物的安全性。【搭配】insistondoingsth堅(jiān)持做某事insistthat表示堅(jiān)決要求或堅(jiān)決主張，that后從句的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則that從句必須使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)do；當(dāng)表示堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為或堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，that后從句表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，則that從句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，即從句該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)然還要和主句時(shí)態(tài)保持呼應(yīng)?！纠洹縄insistonpayingforthedamage.我堅(jiān)持要求賠償損失。Healsoinsistedthatthey(should)leaveenoughspaceforchildren.他還堅(jiān)持要求給孩子們留出足夠的空間。MyhusbandandIinsistedthatourchildrenwereoldenoughtomaketheirbeds.我的丈夫和我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為我們的孩子年齡已經(jīng)大到可以自己鋪床了。9.conclusion/k?n?klu:?n/n.結(jié)論；推論（教材原句）Didyouetoanyconclusions?(P4)你得出什么結(jié)論了嗎？【拓展】arriveat/eto/reach/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion最后，總之concludevt.斷定；推斷出；得出結(jié)論...cludefrom...從……中得出結(jié)論conclude(sth.)with用……結(jié)束（某事）【例句】Whatdoyouconcludefromthat?你從那件事中得到了什么結(jié)論？Iwanttoconcludewithproblems,whichmaysoundkindofnegative.我想以問(wèn)題來(lái)結(jié)束，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)有點(diǎn)否定意味。10.circumstance/?s?:k?mst?ns/n.條件；環(huán)境；狀況（教材原句）Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.(P5)她的情況是我們無(wú)法控制的?！就卣埂?..under...circumstances在……情況下in/undernocircumstances決不；無(wú)論如何不（放在句首，部分倒裝）【例句】Therulescanonlybewaivedinexceptionalcircumstances.該規(guī)定僅在特殊條件下方可失效。Prisonerscanonlyleavetheircellsundercertaincircumstances.在押犯只能在特定時(shí)間離開(kāi)自己的牢房。UndernocircumstancesshouldyoulendPaulmoney.什么情況下都不要把錢(qián)借給保羅。11.novelist/?n?v?l?st/n.小說(shuō)家（教材原句）TheteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelistJ.K.J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.(P5)老師讓我們聽(tīng)他最喜歡的小說(shuō)家J.K.羅琳的演講。它啟發(fā)了我們很多?！就卣埂縩oveln.（長(zhǎng)篇）小說(shuō)【例句】Foranovelist,that’squiteanacplishment.對(duì)于一個(gè)小說(shuō)家來(lái)說(shuō)，那是一個(gè)了不起的成就。Herlatestnoveliseagerlyawaited.人們熱切期待她的最新小說(shuō)。12.flow/fl??/n.流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)vi.流；流動(dòng)（教材原句）Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.(P5)要求我借助流程圖來(lái)解釋這個(gè)項(xiàng)目?！就卣埂縞ashflow現(xiàn)金流量flowchart流程圖【例句】Wearekeepingourheadabovewater,butourcashflowpositionisnottoogood.我們雖然還未陷入困境，但資金流轉(zhuǎn)狀況不太好。Thisflowchart,shownbelow,summarizestheoverallcostingprocess.如下所示，這張流程圖概括了成本計(jì)算的全程。Thisvalveregulatestheflowofwater.這個(gè)閥門(mén)調(diào)節(jié)水流。13.found/fa?nd/vt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在（教材原句）foundedhightechandfuturisticpanies(P6)創(chuàng)建高科技未來(lái)派公司【拓展】foundern.建立者；創(chuàng)立者Theirmarriagewasfoundedonloveandmutualrespect.他們的婚姻建立在愛(ài)情和互相尊重的基礎(chǔ)上。HeisthefounderofInternationalSportsManagementLimited.他是國(guó)際體育管理的創(chuàng)始人。14.infer/?n?f?:(r)/vt.推斷；推定（教材原句）Atothertimes,thereasonisgivenrightaftertheopinionordecision,andthelinkcanbeinferred.(P6)在其它時(shí)候，理由是在意見(jiàn)或決定之后給出的，并可以推斷出聯(lián)系。【拓展】infer...from...從……中推斷出……【例句】Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?從文章中我們能推斷出作者的什么信息？inferred,雖未明說(shuō)，警方卻暗示他們發(fā)現(xiàn)她的行跡相當(dāng)可疑。15.theory/?θ??ri/n.理論；學(xué)說(shuō)（教材原句）Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwellknownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.(P8)他為世界作出了無(wú)數(shù)的貢獻(xiàn)，最為出名的當(dāng)數(shù)廣義相對(duì)論和著名的方程式E=mc2。【拓展】theoristn.理論家theoreticaladj.理論上的theoreticallyadv.理論上Thetheoryremainsuntested.該理論仍未經(jīng)過(guò)驗(yàn)證。Theoretically,thepriceissupposedtobemarkedontheshelf.從理論上說(shuō)，價(jià)格是要標(biāo)在貨架上的。16.passion/?p??(?)n/n.酷愛(ài)；激情（教材原句）Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.(P8)工作期間，出于強(qiáng)烈的求知欲，他仍繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，于1905年獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位?！就卣埂縡ullofpassion充滿(mǎn)激情haveapassionfor對(duì)……有強(qiáng)烈的激情/愛(ài)好【例句】Toworkandlivefullofpassion,everythingwillbesodynamic.充滿(mǎn)激情地工作和生活，一切都會(huì)如此充滿(mǎn)活力。TheEnglishhaveapassionforgardens.英國(guó)人酷愛(ài)花園?！就卣埂縫assionateadj.狂熱的17.gradually/?ɡr?d?u?li/adv.逐漸地，逐步地（教材原句）Followingthis,hegraduallybecamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIssacNewton.(p8)此后，他漸漸聞名于世，被譽(yù)為第二個(gè)艾薩克·牛頓?！纠洹縏heweathergraduallyimproved.天氣逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)。18.etopower（開(kāi)始）掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)（教材原句）Circumstanceschangedin1933,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.(P8)1933年，希特勒在德國(guó)上臺(tái)，形勢(shì)發(fā)生了變化?！就卣埂縝einpower執(zhí)政，掌權(quán)beyond/outofone’spower力所不能及的【例句】Buthehasetopowerindifficultcircumstances.但是他是在艱難的情況下上臺(tái)的。Clearly,youdon’twanttomakeanenemyofsomeonewhowillbeinpowerforawhile.顯然，你不會(huì)想和一個(gè)暫時(shí)還在當(dāng)權(quán)的人作對(duì)。Finishingthetaskinjustonedayisoutofmypower.僅在一天之內(nèi)就完成這個(gè)任務(wù)是我力所不能及的。19.consequence/?k?ns?kw?ns/n.結(jié)果，后果（教材原句）Asaconsequence,hehadtofleeGermany.(P8)因此，他不得不逃離德國(guó)。【拓展】asaconsequence=inconsequence結(jié)果，因此take/suffer/facetheconsequences(ofsth)承擔(dān)……的后果consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的，隨之而來(lái)的consequentlyadv.結(jié)果，因此【例句】Hesufferedmuchinconsequence.結(jié)果他遭受了很大的損失。Hewaspreparedtofacetheconsequences.他準(zhǔn)備承擔(dān)后果。Theyhadchildrenandwereconsequentlytiedtotheschoolvacations.他們有幾個(gè)孩子，因此被學(xué)校假期束縛住了。20.takeupaposition擔(dān)任；任職（教材原句）AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,USA.(P8)在歐洲度過(guò)一段時(shí)間后，他終于在美國(guó)普林斯頓高等研究院謀得研究員一職?！就卣埂縯akeup接受；開(kāi)始從事；占據(jù)（時(shí)間或空間）【例句】Iwon’ttakeupanymoreofyourtime.我不會(huì)再占用你的時(shí)間了。HeleftacareerinteachingtotakeupapositionwiththeArtsCouncil.他放棄了教學(xué)工作，到藝術(shù)委員會(huì)任職。Helefttotakeupanewpositionwithanotherpany.他走了，在另一家公司謀得了一個(gè)新職位。21.encounter/?n?ka?nt?(r)/vt.偶然碰到；遇到n.邂逅；遭遇（教材原句）Infact,Einsteinoftenencounteredpeopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimtohelpexplainthings.(p9)事實(shí)上，愛(ài)因斯坦經(jīng)常遇到有人當(dāng)街?jǐn)r住他，請(qǐng)他解釋各種事物?！纠洹縎hewasthemostremarkablewomanhehadeverencountered.她是他所見(jiàn)到過(guò)的最出色的女性。HisfirstencounterwithWilsonwasbackin1989.他第一次遇到威爾遜是早在1989年。22.sum/s?m/vi.總結(jié)；概括n.金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和（教材原句）Useyournotestowriteyourintroductionandsumuphowyoufeelaboutthisperson.(P9)在你的筆記上寫(xiě)下你的介紹并總結(jié)你對(duì)這個(gè)人的感覺(jué)。【拓展】sumup總結(jié)；概括tosumup概括地說(shuō)insum總之；總而言之【例句】Thesumofalltheanglesofatriangleis180degrees.一個(gè)三角形的所有角度之和是180度。Tosumup,therearethreemainwaysoftacklingtheproblem.概括起來(lái)說(shuō)，這一問(wèn)題主要有三種解決辦法。Insum,talentisnotsoimportantasworkinghardineitherstudyordailywork.總之，無(wú)論是在學(xué)習(xí)中或是在日常工作中，天賦并不像努力工作那么重要。23.（教材原句）Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.(P3)隨后，該藥物試用于瘧疾患者，其中大多數(shù)人康復(fù)了。【名師點(diǎn)津】本句是一個(gè)含有非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。主句是themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients。第二個(gè)逗號(hào)后面是“不定代詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。【例句】Heplantedtwotreeslastyear,bothofwhicharegrowingwell.他去年種了兩棵樹(shù)，長(zhǎng)得都很好。Hehasthreedaughters,allofwhomwentabroadforfurthereducation.他有三個(gè)女兒，她們都出國(guó)深造了。24.（教材原句）UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”(P3)獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說(shuō)：“這份榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我?！薄久麕燑c(diǎn)津】在本句中，shesaid,...是主句，that引導(dǎo)的句子作hearing的賓語(yǔ)。Uponhearing...是“upon+動(dòng)詞ing形式”構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。upon還可換為介詞on，表示“一件事情緊接著另一件事情發(fā)生”。這種用法常見(jiàn)于正式文體中，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可翻譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……”?！就卣埂坑袝r(shí)也可用“upon/on+名詞”形式表達(dá)相同的意思?！纠洹縐ponhearingthathehadwonthelottery,themanlaughedheartily.當(dāng)知道自己中彩票時(shí)，這個(gè)男人開(kāi)懷大笑。Onhisreturnfromhisvacation,hebeganwritinghisfirstnovel.他一休假回來(lái)，就開(kāi)始寫(xiě)他的第一部小說(shuō)。25.狀語(yǔ)從句省略（教材原句）While(shewas)waitingatthebusstop,shemetthefamousprofessor.在公交車(chē)站等車(chē)時(shí)，她遇到了那位著名的教授。(1)狀語(yǔ)從句省略的條件：狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或是代詞it且狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞。(2)if構(gòu)成的其他固定省略形式：ifany如果有的話(huà)ifnecessary如果有必要的話(huà)ifso如果是這樣的話(huà)ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話(huà)ifnot如果不這樣的話(huà)4.find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（教材原句）Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofacademicinstitutionsclosedtohim.愛(ài)因斯坦是猶太人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)的大門(mén)對(duì)他關(guān)閉了。“find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)形式歸納：(1)find＋賓語(yǔ)＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞（表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）,過(guò)去分詞（表示被動(dòng)、完成）,形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ)))(2)find＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋todo(it是形式賓語(yǔ)，todo是真正的賓語(yǔ))Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.即使最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己表達(dá)不出來(lái)。XB1U1詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及短語(yǔ)精練高頻詞匯變形1._______vt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入…→_________adj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的→__________n.奉獻(xiàn);承諾,保證__________________2.__________n．（藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的）研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專(zhuān)科院?！鷂_________adj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的3.____________n.目標(biāo);目的adj.客觀(guān)的→_____________adj.主觀(guān)的______vt.推斷→___________n.(加ence,類(lèi)似變法:refer______;prefer_______)4.___________(=________)vt．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→_____________(=________)n.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估注意區(qū)分:fly________________flow________________5.____________adj．清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→_____________n．區(qū)別，差別；特點(diǎn)，特性blow________________6._________vi＆vt（使）沸騰;煮開(kāi);燒開(kāi)n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn)→__________adj.沸騰的_____n.土壤______n.油______vi.變質(zhì)vt.損壞;毀壞；溺愛(ài),寵壞7.___________n．液體adj．液體的；液態(tài)的→__________n．固體adj．牢固的；可靠的8._____________vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)(公開(kāi))感謝→_____________n.承認(rèn);鳴謝___________vt.辨別/認(rèn)出,承認(rèn)…有效(屬實(shí));認(rèn)可→__________n.9._____________vt．分析→_____________n．分析→________________n.［pl.］分析basisn.基礎(chǔ)(復(fù)數(shù)：___________)10._____________adj．顯然的；表面上的=____________=_____________→_____________adv．顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然11.________adj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的→________n．科學(xué)家→________n.科學(xué)_______(=________)n.熱情→_________(=________)adj.熱情的12._____________n．結(jié)論；推論→____________vt.推斷出,斷定；終止,結(jié)束_________________得出結(jié)論,作出推論draw____________13.__________n.小說(shuō)家→_________n.（長(zhǎng)篇）小說(shuō);adj._________________vt.創(chuàng)新→__________n.→____________adj.創(chuàng)新的,有創(chuàng)新精神的14.______vt.創(chuàng)建(=_______);把·····建立在→______n.創(chuàng)立者→_________n.創(chuàng)建(=___________);地基;基礎(chǔ);根據(jù)______n.基金v.為…提供資金found的過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞：_____________________v.找到→___________(過(guò)去式)→__________(過(guò)去分詞)fundn._______v._____________15._____________n．從政者；政治家；政客→_____________n．政治→___________adj.政治的16.________adj．溫柔的；文靜的→_______adv．溫柔地;文靜地→_________n.________adj.簡(jiǎn)單的;單純的→_________adv.簡(jiǎn)單地;只;僅僅17._____________adv．逐漸地；逐步地→____________adj．逐漸的;逐步的____________adj.個(gè)別的,單獨(dú)的,個(gè)人的獨(dú)特的n.個(gè)人18._____________n．社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗→_____________n.（教育、專(zhuān)業(yè)等）機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑19._____________n.結(jié)果；后果→_____________adj.作為結(jié)果的→_____________adv.所以；因此=_____________=_____________20._____________n．教授→_____________n．職業(yè)→_________________adj.職業(yè)的,專(zhuān)業(yè)的n.職業(yè)選手，專(zhuān)業(yè)人士21.__________adj.非凡的;顯著的(____________)→_________adv.顯著地→_______vt.評(píng)論flee___________vi.逃走,逃掉vt.逃離,逃避22.___________n.成功→__________adj.成功的;達(dá)到目的→___________vi.成功vt.&vi.繼承,繼任,vt.隨…之后;繼續(xù)_____________成功做成某事23.___________n.力量；體力→__________v.（使）變強(qiáng)；加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)→__________adj.強(qiáng)壯的；結(jié)實(shí)的；強(qiáng)大的→___________adv.強(qiáng)烈地；堅(jiān)定地_______adj.長(zhǎng)的vi.渴望;熱望→___________n.長(zhǎng)度→___________v.（使）變長(zhǎng)24.__________vi.信賴(lài);依靠→__________adj.可靠的,可信賴(lài)的→__________n.依靠,依賴(lài)v.和n.都可和介詞__________搭配25._____________vt．促進(jìn)；提升；推銷(xiāo)；晉級(jí)→_____________n．促進(jìn)；提升→_____________adj.促銷(xiāo)的,宣傳的26._____________vt.&vi.提議;建議計(jì)劃;求婚→_____________n.提議,建議;求婚向某人求婚_(kāi)____________________27.___n.應(yīng)用程序;應(yīng)用軟件→________n.申請(qǐng)(表);用途;運(yùn)用→_____vt.涂;敷;應(yīng)/運(yùn)用vi.申請(qǐng);使用→_________n.申請(qǐng)人→_________n.器具①沉迷于做某事:_________________②向某人申請(qǐng)某事:_________________③適用于…:__________④applyAtoB:____________;_____________28.__________adj.精確的,準(zhǔn)確的→__________n.精確(性),準(zhǔn)確(性)在某人幫助下___________________=_____________________29.________n.指南;導(dǎo)游v.指導(dǎo);指引;給某人領(lǐng)路→_________n.指導(dǎo),引導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在某人指導(dǎo)下____________________=_____________________30.____________vi．消失；滅絕；消亡→___________n．消失滅絕→___________vi.出現(xiàn)；顯得；似乎→_____________n.出現(xiàn),露面;______詞塊翻譯_____________________ 做出發(fā)現(xiàn)_____________________形成更好的印象_____________________ 被授予給…_____________________導(dǎo)致；通向_____________________是...的一種重要的新療法_____________________幾十萬(wàn)；無(wú)數(shù)_____________________ 成千上萬(wàn)的...；無(wú)數(shù)的..._____________________ 死于(外因)；因…而死_____________________ 成為…的重要組成部分_____________________ 從…畢業(yè)_____________________ 組成…的團(tuán)隊(duì)_____________________ 以(做)…為目的_____________________ 開(kāi)始，開(kāi)端；起初_____________________ 成為…的首領(lǐng)/負(fù)責(zé)人_____________________ 在與…對(duì)抗/斗爭(zhēng)中_____________________ 建議做某事_____________________ 從…提取/摘錄_____________________ 一批，一些__________________________________________ 嘗試做某事_____________________ 進(jìn)入僵局,被卡住_____________________ 承認(rèn)失敗，服輸_____________________ 偶然；意外地_____________________ 抽出，提取_____________________ 堅(jiān)持做某事_____________________ 在某人身上試驗(yàn)這種藥_____________________ 確信；證實(shí)_____________________ 根據(jù)，按照；取決于；據(jù)…所說(shuō)_____________________團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果_____________________ 除了；不同于_____________________涉及，有關(guān)_____________________ 與…不同_____________________ 區(qū)別,分辨_____________________經(jīng)得起；抵抗；勇敢地面對(duì)_____________________ 磨損,消耗_____________________ 得出結(jié)論_____________________ 在低溫下_____________________ 被承認(rèn)是,被公認(rèn)為_(kāi)____________________ 改變主意/想法_____________________ 即將/剛要做某事_____________________某人突然想到_____________________ 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心_____________________ 休學(xué)，退學(xué)_____________________ 被出版_____________________樂(lè)意/愿意做某事_____________________當(dāng)權(quán)，掌權(quán)，當(dāng)政_____________________ 無(wú)法控制_____________________ 在建造中；正在施工之中_____________________ 由……設(shè)計(jì)_____________________在…的幫助下,借助于_____________________ 流程圖_____________________ 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)_____________________ 在…方面取得很大進(jìn)步/展_____________________ 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物,網(wǎng)購(gòu)_____________________ 為…做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)_____________________ 廣義相對(duì)論_____________________ 由于；應(yīng)歸于_____________________ 設(shè)法做某事_____________________ 找一份…工作_____________________ 接受做…的工作_____________________ 出于對(duì)…強(qiáng)烈激情/愛(ài)好_____________________獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位_____________________ 被記錄為_(kāi)____________________ 辭去在專(zhuān)利局的工作_____________________ 當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政_____________________ 因此，結(jié)果_____________________ 擔(dān)任…的職位_____________________ 在…方面取得巨大成就_____________________ 豎著_____________________ 好像；仿佛_____________________ 電擊_____________________ 敲擊（門(mén)、窗）_____________________被誤認(rèn)為…;被誤解為_(kāi)____________________ 據(jù)報(bào)道_____________________ 去世；停止_____________________ 總結(jié)；概述；計(jì)算…的總數(shù)_____________________ 讓人驚訝的是_____________________ 通過(guò)努力工作獲得名譽(yù)和財(cái)富_____________________許多;大量_____________________ 決不，無(wú)論如何都不_____________________被廣泛認(rèn)為是_____________________ 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)似乎很奇怪_____________________ 根據(jù);以…為基礎(chǔ)_____________________ 提出了許多先進(jìn)的思想_____________________ 把…團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)_____________________尤其;特別_____________________ 為…尋找支持_____________________ 為…創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)_____________________ 過(guò)上好生活_____________________ 使某人做某事_____________________如果是這樣的話(huà);要是這樣_____________________激勵(lì)某人做某事_____________________ 出生在…家庭_____________________ 起關(guān)鍵/重要作用_____________________成功地做成某事95_____________________ 死于心臟病XB1U1詞匯變形及短語(yǔ)一高頻詞匯變形mitvt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入…→mittedadj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的→mitmentn.奉獻(xiàn);承諾，保證bemittedtodoing2.academyn．（藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的）研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專(zhuān)科院?！鷄cademicadj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的3.objectiven.目標(biāo);目的adj.客觀(guān)的→subjective adj.主觀(guān)的infervt.推斷→inferencen.加ence,類(lèi)似變法:refer___________;prefer__________4.evaluate(=assess)vt．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→evaluation(=assessment)n.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估注意區(qū)分:flyflewflownflowflowedflowed5.distinctadj．清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctionn．區(qū)別，差別；特點(diǎn)，特性blowblewblown6.boilvi＆vt（使）沸騰;煮開(kāi);燒開(kāi)n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn)→boilingadj.沸騰的soiln.土壤oiln.油spoilvi.變質(zhì)vt.損壞;毀壞;溺愛(ài),寵壞7.liquidn．液體adj．液體的；液態(tài)的→solidn．固體adj．牢固的；可靠的8.acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)(公開(kāi))感謝→acknowledgementn.承認(rèn);鳴謝recognizevt.辨別/認(rèn)出,承認(rèn)…有效(屬實(shí));認(rèn)可→recognitionn.9.analysevt．分析→analysisn．分析→analysesn.［pl.］分析basisn.基礎(chǔ)(復(fù)數(shù)：bases)10.apparentadj.顯然的;表面上的=obvious=evident→apparentlyadv．顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然11.scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的→scientistn.科學(xué)家→sciencen.科學(xué)passion(=enthusiasm)n.熱情→passionate(=enthusiastic)adj.熱情的12.conclusionn.結(jié)論;推論→concludevt.推斷出,斷定;終止,結(jié)束drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論,作出推論drawdrewdrawn13.novelistn.小說(shuō)家→noveln.(長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō);adj.新奇的innovatevt.創(chuàng)新→innovationn.→innovativeadj.創(chuàng)新的，有創(chuàng)新精神的14.foundvt.創(chuàng)建(=establish);把·····建立在→foundern.創(chuàng)立者→foundationn.創(chuàng)建(=establishment);地基;基礎(chǔ);根據(jù)fundn.基金v.為…提供資金found的過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞：foundedfindv.找到→found(過(guò)去式)→found(過(guò)去分詞)15.politiciann．從政者；政治家；政客→politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的16.gentleadj．溫柔的；文靜的→gentlyadv．溫柔地;文靜地→gentlenessn.simpleadj.簡(jiǎn)單的;單純的;天真的→simplyadv.簡(jiǎn)單地;只;僅僅17.graduallyadv.逐漸地;逐步地→gradualadj．逐漸的;逐步的individualadj.個(gè)別的,單獨(dú)的,個(gè)人的獨(dú)特的n.個(gè)人18.institutionn．社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗→instituten.(教育、專(zhuān)業(yè)等)機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑19.consequencen．結(jié)果；后果→consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.所以；因此=asaresult=therefore20.professorn．教授→professionn．職業(yè)→professionaladj.職業(yè)的,專(zhuān)業(yè)的n.職業(yè)選手，專(zhuān)業(yè)人士21.remarkable(=extraordinary)adj.非凡的;顯著的→remarkablyadv.顯著地→remarkvt.評(píng)論fleefledfledvi.逃走,逃掉vt.逃離,逃避22.successn.成功;成就→successfuladj.成功的;達(dá)到目的→succeedvi.成功vt.&vi.繼承,繼任,vt.隨…之后;繼續(xù)succeedindoingsth.成功做成某事23.strengthn.力量；體力→strengthenv.（使）變強(qiáng)；加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)→strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的；結(jié)實(shí)的；強(qiáng)大的→stronglyadv.強(qiáng)烈地；堅(jiān)定地longadj.長(zhǎng)的vi.渴望;熱望→lengthn.長(zhǎng)度→lengthenv.（使）變長(zhǎng)24.relyvi.信賴(lài);依靠→reliableadj.可靠的,可信賴(lài)的→reliancen.依靠,依賴(lài)v.和n.都可和介詞on/upon搭配25.promotevt．促進(jìn)；提升；推銷(xiāo)；晉級(jí)→promotionn．促進(jìn)；提升→promotionaladj.促銷(xiāo)的,宣傳的26.proposevt.&vi.提議;建議計(jì)劃;求婚→proposaln.提議,建議;求婚向某人求婚proposetosb.27.appn.應(yīng)用程序;應(yīng)用軟件→applicationn.申請(qǐng)(表);用途;運(yùn)用→applyvt.涂;敷;應(yīng)/運(yùn)用vi.申請(qǐng);使用→applicantn.申請(qǐng)人→appliancen.器具①沉迷于做某事:applyoneselftodoingsth.②向某人申請(qǐng)某事:applytosb.forsth.③適用于…:applyto…④applyAtoB把A運(yùn)用到B中;把A涂到B上28.accurateadj.精確的,準(zhǔn)確的→accuracyn.精確(性),準(zhǔn)確(性)在某人幫助下withthehelp/assistanceofab=withone’shelp/assistance29.guiden.指南;導(dǎo)游v.指導(dǎo);指引;給某人領(lǐng)路→guidancen.指導(dǎo),引導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在某人指導(dǎo)下undertheguidanceofsb.=underone’sguidance30.disappearvi．消失；滅絕；消亡→disappearancen．消失滅絕→appearvi.出現(xiàn)(=turn/showup);顯得;似乎→appearancen.出現(xiàn),露面;外表二．詞塊翻譯makeadiscovery 做出發(fā)現(xiàn)formabetterimpressionof形成更好的印象sthbeawardedtosb. 被授予給…leadto導(dǎo)致；通向acrucialnewtreatmentfor...是...的一種重要的新療法hundredsofthousandsof幾十萬(wàn)；無(wú)數(shù)millionsof 成千上萬(wàn)的...；無(wú)數(shù)的...diefrom 死于(外因)；因…而死beeavitalpartof 成為…的重要組成部分graduatefrom 從…畢業(yè)formateamof 組成…的團(tuán)隊(duì)withtheobjectiveof(doing) 以(做)…為目的inthebeginning 開(kāi)始，開(kāi)端；起初beetheheadof 成為…的首領(lǐng)/負(fù)責(zé)人inthefightagainst 在與…對(duì)抗/斗爭(zhēng)中suggestdoingsth 建議做某事extractfrom 從…提取/摘錄acollectionof 一批，一些trydoingsth 嘗試做某事getstuck 進(jìn)入僵局,被卡住acknowledgedefeat 承認(rèn)失敗，服輸bychance 偶然；意外地drawout 抽出，提取insistedondoingsth 堅(jiān)持做某事testthemedicineonsb 在某人身上試驗(yàn)這種藥makesure 確信；證實(shí)accordingto 根據(jù)，按照；取決于；據(jù)…所說(shuō)teameffort團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果otherthan 除了；不同于relateto 涉及，有關(guān)bedistinctfrom 與…不同makeadistinctionbetween.. 區(qū)別,分辨standupto經(jīng)得起；抵抗；勇敢地面對(duì)wearandtear 磨損,消耗draw/etoaconclusion 得出結(jié)論atalowtemperature 在低溫下beacknowledgedas 被承認(rèn)是,被公認(rèn)為changeone’smind 改變主意/想法beabouttodosth. 即將/剛要做某事Itstrikes/hits/occurstosb.that...某人突然想到careabout 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心quitschool 休學(xué)，退學(xué)getpublished 被出版bewillingtodosth.樂(lè)意/愿意做某事beinpower 當(dāng)權(quán)，掌權(quán)，當(dāng)政beyondcontrol 無(wú)法控制underconstruction 在建造中；正在施工之中bedesignedby 由……設(shè)計(jì)withthehelpof在…的幫助下,借助于flowchart 流程圖abigchallengeforsb. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)makegreatadvancementin 在…方面取得很大進(jìn)步/展onlineshopping 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物,網(wǎng)購(gòu)makegreatcontributionsto 為…做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)thegeneraltheoryofrelativity 廣義相對(duì)論dueto 由于；應(yīng)歸于managetodosth 設(shè)法做某事lookforworkas 找一份…工作takeajobas 接受做…的工作outofastrongpassionfor 出于對(duì)…強(qiáng)烈激情/愛(ài)好earnadoctorateinphysics獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位berecordedas 被記錄為quitone'sjobatthepatentoffice 辭去在專(zhuān)利局的工作etopower 當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政asaconsequence 因此，結(jié)果takeupapositionas 擔(dān)任…的職位makegreatachievementsin 在…方面取得巨大成就standonend 豎著asthough 好像；仿佛electricshock 電擊knockon 敲擊（門(mén)、窗）bemistakenfor被誤認(rèn)為…;被誤解為Itis/wasreportedthat... 據(jù)報(bào)道passaway 去世；停止sumup 總結(jié)；概述；計(jì)算…的總數(shù)toone’ssurprise 讓人驚訝的是gainfameandwealththroughhardwork 通過(guò)努力工作獲得名譽(yù)和財(cái)富scoresof許多;大量undernocircumstances 決不，無(wú)論如何都不bewidelyconsideredtobe/as被廣泛認(rèn)為是Itseemsoddtosb.that 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)似乎很奇怪bebasedon 根據(jù);以…為基礎(chǔ)putforwardmanyadvancedideas 提出了許多先進(jìn)的思想bring…together 把…團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)inparticular 尤其;特別findsupportfor 為…尋找支持createopportunitiesfor 為…創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)makeagoodliving 過(guò)上好生活causesb.todosth. 使某人做某事ifso 如果是這樣的話(huà);要是這樣inspiresb.todosth激勵(lì)某人做某事beborntoa…family 出生在…家庭playakeyrolein 起關(guān)鍵/重要作用succeedindoingsth.成功地做成某事95.dieofheartdisease 死于心臟病選修一Unit2LookingintotheFuture單詞回顧和詞匯拓展：1.persuadevt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)[教材原文]Forexample,thephraseinmyopiniontellsusthatthepassageislikelymeanttopersuade.例如，“inmyopinion”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)告訴我們，這篇文章可能是為了說(shuō)服。(1)IhavepersuadedallthestudentstoorganizetheEnglishspeechactivitywell.(2)我試圖說(shuō)服學(xué)生會(huì)主席創(chuàng)建一個(gè)英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部以提高學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣，但是白費(fèi)力氣。Iadvised/triedtopersuadethechairmanoftheStudents'UniontofoundanEnglishclubtostrengthenstudents'interestinEnglish，butinvain.(3)(2022·浙江卷1月，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))我認(rèn)為說(shuō)服他接受我的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是不可能的，所以我不想浪費(fèi)我們的時(shí)間來(lái)討論。(o...)Ithoughtitwasimpossibletopersuadehimintoacceptingmyviews,soIdidn'twanttowasteourtimehavingadiscussion.注意：persuade表示“說(shuō)服”，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)服的結(jié)果；advise表示“勸說(shuō)，建議”，對(duì)方不一定接受，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作?！皠裾f(shuō)但不一定有效果”應(yīng)表述為：advisesb.todosth.或trytopersuadesb.todosth.2.switchvt.轉(zhuǎn)換；交換vi.&vt.(使)改變，轉(zhuǎn)變n．開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換器；改變[教材原文]Or，haveyoueverforgottentoswitchofftheTVorputer？或者，你忘記過(guò)關(guān)閉電視或電腦嗎？(1)露西早早地下班回到家，換完衣服后，她關(guān)燈來(lái)到客廳。然后她打開(kāi)電視，轉(zhuǎn)到第10頻道。Lucygothomefromworkearly.Afterchangingclothes，sheswitchedoffthelightandcametothelivingroom.ThensheswitchedontheTVandswitcheditovertoChannel10.(2)(應(yīng)用文之口頭通知)請(qǐng)注意！務(wù)必確保演出時(shí)所有手機(jī)關(guān)機(jī)。Attention，please!Domakesureallmobilephonesareswitchedoffduringtheperformance.(1)switchon打開(kāi)；接通switchoff關(guān)閉；切斷switchover改變；轉(zhuǎn)換(電視頻道或電臺(tái))switch(from...)to...(從……)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤璼witchsth.withsb.和某人交換某物(2)makeaswitch做出改變3.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷淡的；心不在焉的；遠(yuǎn)處的；疏遠(yuǎn)的[教材原文]However,inthenottoodistantfuture,wewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwilllockthedoorforuswhenweareawayandremembertoswitchofftheTVwhenweforget.然而，在不久的將來(lái)，我們將生活在智能家居中：當(dāng)我們不在(家)時(shí)，智能家居會(huì)為我們鎖上門(mén)；當(dāng)我們忘記關(guān)掉電視時(shí)，智能家居會(huì)記得關(guān)掉它。(1)遠(yuǎn)處的那條瀑布可以看得很清楚，它離這里正好500米遠(yuǎn)。從3千米外就能聽(tīng)到它的聲音。從遠(yuǎn)處看它更美。Thewaterfallinthedistance，whichisexactly500metersdistantfromhere，canbeseenclearly.Itssoundcanbeheardatadistanceofthreekilometers.Itlooksevenmorebeautifulat/fromadistance．(2)(應(yīng)用文之慰問(wèn)信)得知你的新同學(xué)對(duì)你冷淡，我非常擔(dān)心你。Learningthatyournewclassmateskeepyouatadistance/keeptheirdistancefromyou，Iamquiteworriedaboutyou.distancen．距離；遠(yuǎn)處；疏遠(yuǎn)inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處at/fromadistance隔一段距離；從遠(yuǎn)處atadistanceof在……的距離keepsb.atadistance對(duì)某人冷淡；與某人疏遠(yuǎn)keepone'sdistancefrom...與……保持距離；疏遠(yuǎn)……4.preferencen．偏愛(ài)；愛(ài)好[教材原文]Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineandpreferences,soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.你的(智能)房屋也會(huì)了解你的日常生活習(xí)慣和喜好，所以當(dāng)你每天晚上到家時(shí)，一切都會(huì)為你準(zhǔn)備好。(1)Themanagerhasdecidedtogivepreference(prefer)tothosewhohaveworkedhereformanyyears.(2)(應(yīng)用文之推薦信)得知你偏愛(ài)英國(guó)文學(xué)，我寫(xiě)信向你推薦一些經(jīng)典作品。Learningthatyouprefer/haveapreferenceforEnglishliterature，Iamwritingtoremendsomeclassicstoyou.(3)孩子們寧愿騎自行車(chē)到鄉(xiāng)下去，也不愿整天待在家里?！鶷hechildrenpreferredcyclingtothecountrysidetostayingathomealldaylong.(preferdoing...todoing...)→Thechildrenpreferredtocycletothecountrysideratherthanstayathomealldaylong.(prefertodo...ratherthando...)→Thechildrenwouldrathercycletothecountrysidethanstayathomealldaylong.(wouldratherdo...thando...)→Thechildrenwouldcycletothecountrysideratherthanstayathomealldaylong.(woulddo...ratherthando...)(1)haveapreferencefor...偏愛(ài)……,inpreferenceto...優(yōu)先于……,show/givepreferenceto...優(yōu)先考慮……(2)prefervt.更喜歡；寧愿prefersth./doing...tosth./doing...與……相比，更喜歡……；寧愿（做）……，而不愿（做）……5.instantn．瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的[教材原文]YourlightswilleontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes，andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou.你一進(jìn)家門(mén)，燈就會(huì)亮起，還有你最喜歡的音樂(lè)或電視節(jié)目(會(huì)自動(dòng)播放)，而且你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)晚餐已為你準(zhǔn)備好了。(1)(2023·浙江卷1月，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))SheceasedherstruggletheinstantIpickedherup.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))Theyhadnosoonerseentheoaktreefullofyellowhandkerchiefsthantheyjumpedupandshoutedwithjoy.→Nosoonerhadtheyseentheoaktreefullofyellowhandkerchiefsthantheyjumpedupandshoutedwithjoy.(倒裝句)(3)(應(yīng)用文之邀請(qǐng)信)我一得知將有英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌朗誦比賽，我就寫(xiě)信邀請(qǐng)你參加?！鶷heinstantIlearnthattherewillbeanEnglishPoetryRecitationpetition，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinit.(theinstant)→On/UponlearningthattherewillbeanEnglishPoetryRecitationpetition，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinit.(on/upondoing)(1)句中的theinstant“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)“一……就……”的其他表達(dá)方式：on/upon(doing)sth.assoonas＋從句themoment/minute＋從句immediately/instantly/directly＋從句nosooner...than...hardly/scarcely...when...注意：nosooner，hardly，scarcely位于句首時(shí)，句子要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。mandn．命令；控制；指令vt.命令；控制[教材原文]Allcontrolswillrespondtovoicemands,soifyouwanttochangeyourroutine,youjustsayaloudwhatyouwantandthehomesystemwillobey.所有的控制都會(huì)響應(yīng)語(yǔ)音命令，所以如果你想改變你的日常生活習(xí)慣，你只需大聲說(shuō)出你想要的，房屋系統(tǒng)就會(huì)遵照?qǐng)?zhí)行。(1)Timewaslimited.Thebossmandedustofinish(finish)theworkasscheduled.＝Timewaslimited.Thebossmandedthatwe(should)finish(finish)theworkasscheduled.(2)(應(yīng)用文之申請(qǐng)信)因?yàn)槲揖ㄓ⒄Z(yǔ)，我深信我可以擔(dān)任您的導(dǎo)游。Having(a)goodmandofEnglish，IholdastrongbeliefthatIca