LaborMarket

&

SalaryReport勞動力市場和薪資調(diào)查報告2025

|2026AMember-ExclusiveReport

-18th

Edition

會員專屬報告-第18版GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommercein

china中國德國商會LABORMARKET&SALARYREPORT2025

|2026GERMANCHAMBEROFCOMMERCEINCHINAThe

German

Chamber

ofCommerce

in

China

has

roughly2,000

members

andserves

as

a

powerful

platformfor

networking

andexchangebetween

German

companiesand

local

businesscommunities.Withthree

regional

chaptersfor

North

China,

EastChina

aswell

as

South

&Southwest

China,we

offer

our

members

morethan300eventseachyear,

a

range

of

informative

publications

and

effective

representationtowardsgovernments.?2025GermanChamber

of

CommerceinChina(GCC)

/GermanIndustry

andCommerce(Taicang)Co.,Ltd.(GIC)anditsbranches

/

threeDelegationsof

GermanIndustryandCommerce(Delegation).Nopart

of

this

eventand/orcontentand/orpublicationand/or

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speakersand/orcontributorsare

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Views

expresseddonotnecessarilyrepresent

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the

GermanChamber

ofCommerceinChinaand/ortheDelegationof

GermanIndustry

andCommerceinBeijingand/or

theDelegationof

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andCommerceinShanghai

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andCommerceinGuangzhou

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applicabledataprotectionregulations.Editorial

deadline:July14,

2025.Contact

forpressinquiriesVerenaNeudeckerHeadofMediaRelations

&Corporate

Communications+86-10-6539-6613neudecker.verena@china.ahk.deContact

forcontentinquiresAurora

LiuEconomic

Consultant+86-21-5081-2266liu.aurora@china.ahk.de勞動力市場和薪資調(diào)查報告2025

|

2026中國德國商會中國德國商會是在華德企的官方代表機構(gòu)，設(shè)有三個區(qū)域分會，分別負責華北及東北、華東及華中、華南及西南地區(qū)。中國德國商會代表著約2000家會員企業(yè)的利益，為德國企業(yè)和當?shù)厣探绲穆?lián)絡(luò)與交流提供強大的平臺。每年為會員企業(yè)舉辦超過300場活動，并提供一系列出版物，同時向政府進行有效倡導溝通。?2025年中國德國商會（GCC）

。未經(jīng)許可，

本內(nèi)容和出版物的任何部分均不得轉(zhuǎn)載。如有其他問題，

請聯(lián)系上述聯(lián)系人。我們已盡責核對所提供信息的準確性，但對此等信息的及時性和準確性不作任何擔保。涉及信息、產(chǎn)品和服務（或第三方信息、產(chǎn)品和服務）的所有材料均“如實”提供，不作背書，不提供任何擔保，不保證質(zhì)量滿意、適合特定用途或不侵權(quán)，

亦不保證其兼容性、安全性以及準確性。發(fā)言者、提供者的相關(guān)內(nèi)容由發(fā)言者、提供者自行負責。發(fā)表觀點不代表中國德國商會。因內(nèi)容或活動素材侵權(quán)或版權(quán)缺陷遭致?lián)p失的，上述機構(gòu)概不負責。該信息含有鏈接指向其他網(wǎng)址。此等鏈接旨在方便您了解更多信息。但不表示我們認可該等網(wǎng)址。對于鏈接網(wǎng)址的內(nèi)容，我們不承擔任何責任。本報告編輯截止日期為：

2025年7月14日。媒體聯(lián)系人Verena

Neudecker媒體公關(guān)部負責人+86-10-6539-6613neudecker.verena@china.ahk.de報告內(nèi)容聯(lián)系人劉晨曦經(jīng)濟咨詢師+86-21-5081-2266liu.aurora@china.ahk.de3Labor

Market

&Salary

Report2025

|

2026

ContentExecutiveSummary

11I.LaborMarketEnvironment

131.1.China’sEconomicDevelopment

131.2.UnemploymentRate

131.3.EmploymentofForeign-Invested

Companies

15II.WageDevelopmentsinChina

172.1.

Wage

Growth

172.2.Minimum

Wages

212.3.

WageGuidelines

23III.SurveyResults

253.1.EffectiveandExpected

WageDevelopments

atGerman

Companies253.2.Detailed

WageDevelopments

253.3.

WageLevels

353.4.Labor

Costs

413.5.

Salary

Adjustments

453.6.Recruitment

473.7.ForeignEmployees

513.8.Employee

Turnoverand

AdditionalHRData

533.9.

About

theSurvey

553.10.Profileof

Contributors

55IV.CompensationData4.1.Introduction4.2.

Wagesand

WageIncreases4.3.

SampleSizeand

Segmentation

Variables4.4.PositionsDefinitions4.5.Region4.6.East4.7.North4.8.

Southand

Southwest4.9.City

Tier4.10.Industry4.11.

Company

Size4.12.

TotalCostperEmployee:Median

andPercentilesVI.References595961CONTACTTo

accessspecificcompensationdata,

pleasecontact:Ms.Aurora

LiuEconomicConsultantAHK

GreaterChina+86

21-5081-2266liu.aurora@china.ahk.de122GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

in

china中國德國商會勞動力市場和薪資調(diào)查報告2025

|

2026

目錄內(nèi)容摘要I.勞動力市場環(huán)境1.1.

中國經(jīng)濟1.2.中國整體失業(yè)率1.3.青年失業(yè)率II.中國工資增長狀況2.1.工資增長狀況2.2.最低工資2.3.工資指導線III.調(diào)查結(jié)果3.1.在華德企實際及預期薪資變化3.2.薪資變動詳情3.3.薪資水平3.4.勞動力成本3.5.薪資調(diào)整3.6.人力資源和招聘挑戰(zhàn)3.7.外籍員工3.8.員工流動率和其他人力資源管理數(shù)據(jù)3.9.關(guān)于本次報告3.10.受訪企業(yè)概況IV.薪酬數(shù)據(jù)4.1.簡介4.2.薪資和薪資漲幅4.3.樣本總量及細分變量說明4.4.職位定義4.5.地區(qū)4.6.華東及華中4.7.華北及東北4.8.華南和西南4.9.城市分級4.10.行業(yè)4.11.企業(yè)規(guī)模4.12.每位員工總成本：中位數(shù)和百分數(shù)V.參考文件69聯(lián)系方式如希望獲得更詳細的薪酬數(shù)據(jù)，請聯(lián)系：劉晨曦

女士經(jīng)濟咨詢師德國海外商會聯(lián)盟·大中華區(qū)

+86

21-5081-2266liu.aurora@china.ahk.de12212141414151818222426262636424648525456566060626264GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

inchina中國德國商會45GERMAN

CHAMBERofcommerce

in

china中國德國商會EXECUTIVESUMMARY

ExpectedSalary

Increaseat

anAll-Time

LowTheprojected

salaryincrease

forGerman

companiesin

China

for

2026stoodat3.19%,markinga0.62percentagepoint(p.

p.)

decreasefromthe2025projection(3.81%).Thisfurthersolidifies

the

trendof

structuraldecelerationonwagedevelopment

observedsince2019

(Figure

ES.1).Figure

ES.1:

Expected

Wage

Growth

Development

at

GermanCompaniesinChina2016-2026,

NominalGrowth,in%7.16.23

5.9

5.99

5.534.493.792016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026Note:Theexpectedwage

growthis

theaverageof

all

theindividualpositions’

expected

wage

growth

collected

in

the

survey.

In

2025,

with

a

total

of

475

companies

and

52

different

roles,

the

numberof

observationscollected

totaled

8,338. EffectiveSalaryIncreasesFallShortof

ExpectationsTheactualsalarygrowthin2025averaged3.24%,0.57p.

p.lower

than

theprevious

expectation.

Since

2023,

actual

salary

increases

have

beenfallingshort

of

projections

(Figure

ES.2).Figure

ES.2:

Expectedand

EffectiveWage

Development

in

China2020-2025,in

%

Expected

Effective202020212022

2023

2024

2025

Wage

Levels

RoseSlightlyThe

median

Total

Cost

per

Employee

(TCE)

continues

to

rise

and

is

CNY19,705/monthin2025,anincreaseof

CNY

605/month

comparedto

CNY

19,100/month

in2024.Based

on

the

feedback

from

member

companies,

for

the

first

time

inthe

Labor

Market&

Salary

Report

series,we

includedthe

analysis

ofGrossBaseSalary(GBS)inthiseditionforamore

comprehensive

benchmarking.The

China-wide

median

Gross

Base

Salary

in2025

reached

CNY

13

000/monthLabor

Market

&Salary

Report2025

|

2026

Modest

SalaryAdjustmentforRecruitedand

Promoted

Employees

in2024Themajority(72%)ofsurveyedcompanies

offered

asalarythat

remained

unchanged

or

withminimal

changes(0-5%)

compared

to

theprevious

employer

for

theirnew

employees.Nearlyhalf

of

the

surveyedcompanies(44%)didn’toffersalaryraisesthatare

higherthan5%tothe

promoted

employees.

(Figure

ES.3).Figure

ES.3:WageAdjustmentforthe

New

Hires/Upon

Promotionin

2024,

in%

Decrease

Similar/NoChange0-5% Increase

of

5%-15%

Increase

of15%-25% Increase

of

25%or

more19%46% LessDecreaseinHeadcountis

Expectedin

2025In

2024,nearly30%ofsurveyedcompaniesreducedtheir

workforce.Only14%expandedtheiremployment.Looking

forward

to

2025,

the

employment

situation

is

expected

tobe

improving.

Only

around

20%

of

companies

show

anintentionof

reducingworkforce.Theproportionof

expandingemployment

also

riseto

24%

(Figure

ES.4)Figure

ES.4:WorkforceChangesin2024and

Expectationfor2025

in

%

Substantialincrease

Somewhatincrease.

Similar

/unchanged

Somewhatdecrease

Substantialdecrease2024

Actual2025Expected3%11%2%22%

Shareof

Foreign

Employees

RemainedStable65.1%ofthesurveyed

companies

employ

foreign

employeesin

their

organization.

The

proportion

remained

at

the

same

level

as

in

2024

(65.0%

in

2024).

When

replacing

foreign

employees

with

local

personnel,wagelevel(67.1%)

wascited

as

theprimary

driver,

followed

byworkingstability

(35.2%)andbusinesscontacts,.(28.3%).UponpromotionNewhires4.914.884.764.034.914.884.495.215.533.813.193.793.243.8157%55%44%25%72%19%10%4.33.94%2%2%7%注釋：預期薪資漲幅是調(diào)查中測得的所有單個職位的預期薪資漲幅的平均值。2025年

，共有52個不同的特定職位

，收集到的觀察數(shù)據(jù)共計8338個。

實際薪資漲幅不及預期2025年實際薪資漲幅均值為3.24%

，較此前預期低0.57個百分點

。

自2023

年起

，

實際漲薪幅度持續(xù)低于預期值

（圖ES.2）。圖ES.2:

中國預期薪資與實際薪資漲幅2020-2025年，單位：%2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

薪資水平小幅上漲每位員工總成本（TCE）中位數(shù)持續(xù)上升

，2025年達人民幣

19705元/月

，較2024年的19100元/月增加605元/月。結(jié)合會員企業(yè)反饋

，本年度報告首次將基本工資總額（GBS）納入分析：

2025年

，全國基本工資中位數(shù)為13000元/月。該分析維度可為行業(yè)薪資基準比對提供更全面的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。內(nèi)容摘要

預期薪資漲幅創(chuàng)歷史新低2026年德國在華企業(yè)預計薪資漲幅為3.19%

，較2025年預期值（3.81%）下降0.62個百分點。這進一步強化了自2019年以來薪資增長結(jié)構(gòu)性放緩的趨勢（圖ES.1）。圖

ES.1：在華德企預期薪資漲幅狀況2016-2026年，名義漲幅，單位：%

2024年新聘及晉升員工薪資調(diào)整幅度有限超七成（72%）受訪企業(yè)為新入職員工提供的薪資與其前雇主相比保持不變或僅微調(diào)（0-5%）。近半數(shù)企業(yè)（44%）未向晉升員工提供超5%的加薪力度（圖ES.3）。圖ES.3：新聘員工與內(nèi)部晉升薪資調(diào)整情況2024年，單位：%

2025年預計裁員幅度收窄2024年近30%受訪企業(yè)實施了裁員

，僅14%企業(yè)擴編。展望2025年

，就業(yè)形勢預計有所改善：

計劃裁員企業(yè)比例降至20%左右

，計劃擴編的企業(yè)比例升至24%（圖ES.4）。圖

ES.4：2024年實際與2025年預期人員編制變動單位：%2024實際2025預期57%55%

外籍雇員比例維持穩(wěn)定65.1%的受訪企業(yè)在其組織中雇用了外籍員工

，該比例與2024年（2024年為65.0%）基本持平。用本地員工替代外籍員工的主要驅(qū)動因素為薪資水平（67.1%）

，其次為工作穩(wěn)定性（35.2%）和業(yè)務聯(lián)系（28.3%）。72%

19%46%4.915.214.884.764.493.93.813.247.16.23

5.9

5.994.91

4.883.79

略有增加

(5%-20%)

大幅縮減(>

20%)

降薪

幾乎不變0-5%漲薪5%-15%漲薪

15%-25%漲薪超過25%

大幅增加

(>20%)

略有減少(5%-20%)勞動力市場

和薪資調(diào)查報告2025|

2026GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

inchina中國德國商會新聘晉升預期實際4.493.81

不變

(+/-5%)44%22%25%4.0311%10%19%3.193.795.535.534%7%2%2%2%3%4.367Labor

Market

&Salary

Report2025

|

2026

I.LaborMarketEnvironmentFigure1.2:OutlookonChina’sEconomicDevelopment1.1China’sEconomicDevelopment

Improving

Unchanged

WorseningFrom

2024

to

the

firsthalf

of

2025,

China's

economy

gavemixedsignals.

Onthe

one

hand,

in

2024,

China's

Gross

Domestic

Product(GDP)continuedtogrowwhenmeasuredinCNY,withthetotaloutput

exceeding

CNY

130

trillion,

reaching

an

annual

growth

rateof5%

(NationalBureau

of

Statistics,

2025a)

(Figure

1.1).

In

the

firstquarter

of2025,the

GDP

growth

reached5.4%

(National

Bureau

ofStatistics,

2025b),0.1percentagepoint(p.

p.)more

comparedtosame

period

last

year.

The

macroeconomy

showed

slight

signs

ofimprovement[1]

.From

January

toMay

2025,

the

industrial

outputincreased

by

6.3%

year-on-year.

The

consumption

improved

on

alow

level,withthe

retailsales

increasingby6.4%year-on-year,andthe

infrastructureinvestment

reaching5.6%year-on-year.On

theotherhand,despitesomeglimmersofhopeintheretailsales,

German

companies

in

China

donot

yet

feel

that

domesticdemandissustainableandbroadlyimproving[2]

.Geopoliticaltensions,

such

as

the

escalated

global

trade

conflict,

have

causedadeclineinbusinessconfidenceandamoreconservativesentiment.

A

"Flash

Survey“[3]

conducted

by

the

German

Chamberof

Commerce

in

China

in

April

2025

showed

that

86%

of

Germancompanies

wereaffectedbythetariffincreasesimposed

bytheU.S.

and

China.

Theunpredictabilityof

thegeopolitical

situationhas

increased

the

uncertainty

faced

by

German

companies.

At

thesame

time,

theoutlook

forChina’seconomyinthenextsixmonthshassignificantlyfaded-

the

proportion

of

respondentsexpecting

the

economy

to

"improve"

fell

from

38%

in

May

2024

to15%

in

April

2025,

while

those

expecting

it

to

"worsen"

rose

from16%

to

56%(Figure1.2)[4]

.

The

darkened

economic

outlook,ongoing

weak

confidence

withinboth

theprivatesectorandamong

consumersas

wellasglobaluncertaintiescertainlyhavean

impactonthejob

market

(see

Chapter2).January

2020-March

2025,

in

%Figure1.1:GDPGrowthDevelopment2017-2025Q1*,

GDP

in

CNY

Trillion

and

Growth

Rate

in

%28

GDPGDPGrowthRate21.3

8.116.5

6.0

138

2.25.25.0

5.2-2Note:In

June2023,

thestate

governmentsuspendedreleasingitsnational

youthunemployment

rates.

Thedata

wasresumedpublishinginDecember2023;however,relevantmetricswere

adjusted,

whichexcluded

students

fromthe

sample.Source:NationalBureauof

Statistics.2024May

2025

April1.2UnemploymentRateChina’s

surveyed

urban

unemployment

rate

has

long

remained

in

therangeof

5.0%to

5.3%(NationalBureauofStatistics,2025c).

What

isworthnoting

istheyouthunemployment(ages

16-24)

(Figure

1.3).After

the

statistical

methodology

adjustment

in

2023*,

the

youth

unemployment

rate

fell

from

over

20%

to

around

15%,

but

it

stillrose

to

apeak

of

18.8%

after

the

graduation

season

in

2024.The

currentyouth

(ages

16-24)

unemployment

ratestands

at

16.5%,but

withtheinfluxofapproximately12.22millioncollege

graduates

intothejobmarket

in2025(anincrease

of430,000

comparedto

lastyear)[5],itis

estimatedthat

theyouth

unemployment

rate

willreach

anothernew

peak

around

this

summer.While

itis

difficultto

directly

compare

the

data

from

before

the

statistically

adjustments

and

after,

the

fluctuating

data

indicatesthattheemployment

pressure

on

China’syouth

persists.Figure1.3:China’s

TotalUnemploymentRate

vs.

YouthUnemploymentRateJan.2020Jan2021Jan

.20222023Jan.2024Mar20172018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Q1Note:*2025Q1:Firstquarterof

2025Source:NationalBureauof

Statistics.GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

in

china中國德國商會

UrbanUnemploymentRateof

the

Population

Aged

from16

to

242024

May

vs.

2025

April,

%

NationalUrbanUnemploymentRate6.9

6.7

MaySepJan2318MaySep3129.4117.4103.5100.6134.9123.45

5.4

5.2

46%56%38%30%16%15%31.993.684.718.82025Sep.Sep.Sep.MayMayMayJan3.I.

勞動力市場環(huán)境1.1

中國經(jīng)濟2024至2025年上半年，

中國經(jīng)濟釋放出了喜憂參半的信號。一方面

，2024年

，以人民幣（CNY）計算的中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）總量持續(xù)增長

，增速為5%

，總量突破130萬億元（國家統(tǒng)計局，

2025a）

（圖1.1

）

。

2025年第一季度，GDP增長率達到5.4%（國家統(tǒng)計局

，2025b）

，較去年同期高出0.1個百分點（p.p.）。宏觀經(jīng)濟顯現(xiàn)輕微改善跡象[1]

。

2025年1月至5月

，工業(yè)產(chǎn)出同比增長6.3%。消費數(shù)據(jù)低位改善

，社會消費品零售總額同比增長6.4%

，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資同

比增長5.6%。另一方面

，盡管零售業(yè)出現(xiàn)了些許曙光

，但在華德國企業(yè)仍不認為國內(nèi)需求是可持續(xù)并廣泛改善的[2]

。外部不穩(wěn)定因素

如持續(xù)升級的全球貿(mào)易沖突

，使得企業(yè)信心有所回落

，市場情緒趨于保守。中國德國商會于2025年4月發(fā)布的“快訊調(diào)查

”[3]顯示

，86%的德國企業(yè)受到中美貿(mào)易沖突所引起的關(guān)稅上調(diào)的影響。地緣政治局勢的不可預測性增加了德國企業(yè)面臨的不確定性。同時在華德企的經(jīng)濟展望顯著惡化——預期經(jīng)濟“

改善

”的受訪企業(yè)占比從2024年5月的38%跌至

2025年4月的15%

，而預期“惡化

”者從16%升至56%[4]

。不斷變化的經(jīng)濟趨勢與商業(yè)情緒將對就業(yè)市場產(chǎn)生深刻的影

響（詳情參考本文第二章）。圖1.1：中國GDP增長情況2017-2025Q1*，年度數(shù)據(jù)，GDP單位：億元人民幣，GDP增速單位：%1.2中國整體城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率中國整體失業(yè)率長期穩(wěn)定在5.0%-5.3%區(qū)間（國家統(tǒng)計局

，

2025c）

。值得注意的是青年失業(yè)率（16-24歲）趨勢（圖1.3）：在2023年經(jīng)歷統(tǒng)計口徑調(diào)整*后

，青年失業(yè)率從超過20%回落至15%上下，

但仍在2024年畢業(yè)季之后上升至18.8%的高峰。

目前青年（16-24歲）失業(yè)率為16.5%

，但伴隨著2025年1222萬高校畢業(yè)生涌入就業(yè)市場（較去年增加43萬人）

[5]

，預估青年失業(yè)率將會在暑期前后出現(xiàn)新一輪高峰。

盡管目前無法直接比對統(tǒng)計口徑調(diào)整前后的就業(yè)情況

，數(shù)據(jù)波動顯示青年群體就業(yè)壓力持續(xù)存在。圖1.3:中國城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)率與青年失業(yè)率對比2020年1月-2025年3月，單位：

% 全國城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)率

全國城鎮(zhèn)16-24歲人口失業(yè)率16%56%46%30%38%15%201720182019

2020

20212022

20232024

2025注釋：

Q1*2025Q1

：2025年第一季度數(shù)據(jù)來源：國家統(tǒng)計局注釋：*2023年6月，中國政府暫停發(fā)布全國青年失業(yè)率。該數(shù)據(jù)于2023年12月進行了算法調(diào)整，將學生排除在計算范圍外后，恢復發(fā)布。數(shù)據(jù)來源：國家統(tǒng)計局圖

1.2：在華德企經(jīng)濟展望2024年5月與2025年4月對比，單位：%

改善

不變

惡化21.318.816.5勞動力市場

和薪資調(diào)查報告2025|

2026GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

inchina中國德國商會2024年5月

2025年4月15010050-2823181383-21086420GDP

GDPGrowth

Rate5.220235.020245.22025Jan.MaySep.Jan.MaySepMaySep134.9123.4100.6117.4103.5129.484.793.631.9JanMar2020202120228.16.96.76.02.25.45.2Sep.Sep.Jan.Jan.MayMay8Jan359Labor

Market

&Salary

Report2025

|

2026

1.3Employment

ofForeign-InvestedCompaniesAccording

totheNationalBureau

ofStatistics,

thenumberof

employees

in

foreign-invested

companies

gradually

decreased

from15.7millionin2013to9.9millionin2023,adropof

36.9%

(Figure

1.4).

Multiple

factors

might

have

caused

this

phenomenon:

the

continuous

increasein

global

economicuncertaintyand

the

intensificationofinternationaltradeconflicts

have

led

to

some

adjustmentsin

investmentstrategiesinChina[6]

.

Unexpected

global

eventslike

theCOVID-19pandemic(2020-2023)mayhave

further

deepened

this

trend.

Meanwhile,

some

foreign

companies

have

downsized

or

transferred

business

activities

to

other

regions

duetorisingcostsandincreaseddomesticcompetitionin

China[7]

.Inaddition,China'sindustrialstructureupgradingandpolicy

orientationofencouragingtechnologicalinnovationand

domestic

demand-driven

growth

may

also

prompt

companies

to

reduce

theirlaborintheprocessofautomationorbusiness

restructuring[8]

.Itis

worthmentioningthat

a

decreasein

the

number

of

employees

doesnotequate

to

the

withdrawal

of

foreigninvestment.Overall,itratherreflectsatransformationofemployment

models

under

industrial

upgrading[9]

.Figure1.4:NumberofEmployeesforForeignCompaniesinChina2013-2023,

million15.7

15.614.513.612.912.1

12.0

12.2

12.29.92013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023Source:

National

BureauofStatistics.GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

in

china中國德國商會11.61.3外商投資單位就業(yè)人員中國國家統(tǒng)計局數(shù)據(jù)顯示

，外商投資單位就業(yè)人數(shù)從2013年的1566萬人逐步下降至2023年的988萬人

，十年間降幅達36.9%（圖1.4）。這一現(xiàn)象或與多重因素相關(guān)：全球經(jīng)濟不確定性持續(xù)增加、國際貿(mào)易摩擦加劇促使外資企業(yè)調(diào)整在華投資策略[6]

,

諸如疫情（2020年-2023年）等全球公共事件進一步深化了這一趨勢。部分外資企業(yè)因成本上升、本土競爭壓力增大而縮減規(guī)?；蜣D(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)能至其他地區(qū)[7]。此外

，中國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級和鼓勵科技創(chuàng)新、

內(nèi)需驅(qū)動的政策導向也可能促使外資企業(yè)在自動化轉(zhuǎn)型或業(yè)務重組中減少勞動力需求[8]

。值得注意的是

，就業(yè)人數(shù)減少并不等同于外資撤離

，整體更多反映的是產(chǎn)業(yè)升級下的用工模式轉(zhuǎn)型[9]。14.513.612.912.1

12.0

12.2

12.211.69.9圖1.4：外商投資單位就業(yè)人員人數(shù)2013年-2023年

，百萬人15.7

15.62013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023勞動力市場

和薪資調(diào)查報告2025|

2026GERMAN

CHAMBER

ofcommerce

inchina中國德國商會數(shù)據(jù)來源：國家統(tǒng)計局1011GERMAN

CHAMBERofcommerce

in

china中國德國商會Labor

Market&Salary

Report2025

|

2026II.WAGEDEVELOPMENTSINCHINA2.1

Wage

GrowthContinuousdecreasinggrowthrate.In2024,

the

overall

average

annual

wage*of

employeesinurbanunitsinChinastoodatCNY

124,110,reflectinganominalannualincreaseof

merely2.8%

(Figure

2.1)

(NationalBureau

of

Statistics,

2025d).

The

growthrate

has

declined

significantly,

continuing

the

downward

trend

in

wage

growthsince2021.Forthefirsttimeintwo

decades,

the

annual

wage

growth

ratefellbelow5%.

Whencomparing

GDP

growth

rates

to

average

wage

growthrates,

it

is

evident

that

in

2023,

GDP

growthnolongeralignedwithwagegrowth,unlikeprevious

trends[10]

.Thischange

canbeexplainedbythe

weak

economic

situation.

.

Moreover,

in

2024,

the

wage

growth

went

lower

than

the

national

GDP

growthrate.

This

is

inline

with

thenational

average

salary

increase,which

is

lower

comparedto

previousyears.Figure2.1:

Average

WageGrowthRateandGDPGrowthRate2014-2024,

average

wage

(CNY/year),

average

wage

growth

rate

(%),

GDP

growth

rate

(%)，Average

WageAverage

WageGrowth(nominal)GDPGrowthRateModerate

wage

adjustments

in

all

regions.

By

the

date

ofpublication,

15

provinces

and

municipalities

have

releasedthe

average

wage

of

the

urban

non-private

sector

in

2024

(Figure

2.2).

Tianjin,Zhejiang,GuangdongandJiangsucontinue

to

leadthe

nationalaverageandhavean

averagesalary

of

morethan

CNY

10,000

per

month.However,thisyear,the

averagewage

increases

amongthe

regions

are

allrelativelymoderate,

with

smallregional

variations,mostly

centered

inthe

range

of3.0%-3.5%.This

is

in

linewiththe

national

average

salary

increase,which

is

different

from

previousyears.

For

example,

in

2023,

the

average

wage

growth

rates

in

different

cities

were

distributed

widely

between

2.8%-9.1%,

and

in

2022,

1%-

11.7%[11]

.Figure2.2:

Average

Wageand

WageGrowthin15Provinces

andMunicipalitiesinChina,

2024Note:*Factor

representsthe

ratio

of

average

regionalwage

to

national

averagefor

2024.

Monthly

wages,

based

on

12-monthsyear

basis;

allwages

are

pre-tax**Datafor

Beijing

and

Shanghaiwas

not

released.Source:

Renshetong120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,000-10.19.58.910.910.0

9.8

9.76.75.84.25.23.0

2.812108642