高考英語時(shí)文閱讀（社會(huì)類）《成名與早逝風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：普通人的長(zhǎng)壽優(yōu)勢(shì)》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)文簡(jiǎn)訊對(duì)于渴望躋身聚光燈下的人而言，需審慎看待成名的訴求：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，以主唱身份一舉成名確實(shí)會(huì)增加早逝風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)歐美歌手的分析顯示，成名歌手的平均壽命比知名度較低的歌手短近五年，這表明成名本身而非職業(yè)生活方式及工作需求，是核心驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。獨(dú)唱成名歌手的境遇比知名樂隊(duì)主唱更為嚴(yán)峻，無盡的公眾審視、隱私喪失等均為潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本材料聚焦社會(huì)現(xiàn)象與健康關(guān)聯(lián)的熱點(diǎn)議題，兼具現(xiàn)實(shí)意義與探討價(jià)值，契合高考英語閱讀、完形填空等題型的命題要求，能有效考查學(xué)生對(duì)說明性文本的理解能力、細(xì)節(jié)捕捉能力及推理判斷能力。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)閱讀理解題（詞數(shù)：372詞）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Forthosewhohankerforthelimelight,becautiousaboutwhatyouwishfor:shootingtostardomasaleadsingertrulyincreasestheriskofanearlydeath,accordingtoresearchers.TheiranalysisofsingersfromEuropeandtheUSrevealedthatfamoussingersdiedonaveragenearlyfiveyearsearlierthanlesswellknownones.Thissuggeststhatfameitself,ratherthanthelifestyleandjobdemands,isamajorcause.Thestudyshowedthatsolosingerswhoachievedfamefaredworsethanleadsingersinprominentbands.Presumably,thisisbecausetheyweremoreexposedtopublicattention,facedgreaterpressure,andhadlessemotionalsupportduringtheupsanddownsofastar'slife.Scholarsleadingtheresearchstatedthatfamousmusiciansareindeedatriskofprematuredeath,withtheiraveragelifespanbeing4.6yearsshorter.Toexplorethelinkbetweenfameandearlydeath,theresearchteamidentified324famoussoloistsorleadsingersandmatchedthemwithlessfamousmusiciansofthesameage,gender,nationality,ethnicity,andmusicalgenre.Theyfocusedonartistsactivebetween1950and1990toensureasufficientnumberofrecordeddeaths.MostofthesingerswerewhitemalerockersfromtheUS,withonly19%beingblackand16.5%female.Acleartrendemerged:famoussingerstypicallylivedto75,whiletheirlessfamouscounterpartsaveraged79yearsofage.Beinginabandreducedtheriskofdeathby26%paredtobeingasoloist.Overall,famoussingerswere33%morelikelytohavediedduringthestudyperiodthanlessfamousones.Importantly,thehigherdeathriskonlyappearedaftersingersshottofame,strengtheningthesuspicionthatfameitselfisacauseofearlydeath.Expertspointoutthatfactorslikeendlesspublicscrutiny,lossofprivacy,performancepressure,andnormalizeddrinkanddrugabusemaycontributetotherisk.Additionally,personaltemperamentorchildhoodbadexperiencesmightdriveatriskindividualstopursuefame.Whatisthemainfindingoftheresearch?A.Solosingerslivelongerthanbandleadsingers.B.Fameisamajorfactorleadingtosingers'earlydeath.C.Lessfamoussingershavemoreunhealthylifestyles.D.Jobdemandsarethemaincauseofsingers'prematuredeath.Whydosolofamoussingersfareworsethanbandleadsingers?A.Theyhavemorefinancialpressure.B.Theyreceivemorepublicsupport.C.Theyfacegreaterpressurewithlessemotionalsupport.D.Theyhavemoreopportunitiestoperform.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchsubjects?A.MostwerefemalesingersfromEurope.B.Theywereactivemainlybetween1950and1990.C.19%ofthemwerewhitemalerockers.D.Theyoungestwasbornin1910.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scrutiny"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.CarefulobservationB.WarmsupportC.PubliccriticismD.pleteneglect第二節(jié)七選五題（詞數(shù)：290詞）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeopledreamofbeingfamoussingers,butrecentresearchshowsthatfamemayewithahiddenrisk.1.__________AstudyofEuropeanandAmericansingersfoundthatfamoussingersdiednearlyfiveyearsearlieronaveragethanlesswellknownones.Whatexplainsthistrend?2.__________Solofamoussingersareinamoredifficultsituationthanleadsingersinprominentbands.Theyaremoreexposedtothepublic,faceheavierpressure,andhavelessemotionalsupportwhendealingwiththechallengesofastar'slife.Toconducttheresearch,scientistsselected324famoussoloistsorleadsingers.3.__________Thiswastoensureafairparison,asfactorslikeageandgendercanaffectlifespan.Theresultswereclear.4.__________Famoussingerslivedtoanaverageageof75,whilelessfamousonesreached79.Beingpartofabandalsohelped—bandmembershada26%lowerriskofdeathparedtosolosingers.Expertsbelieveseveralfactorscontributetotheearlydeathrisk.5.__________Thelossofprivacy,pressuretoperformwell,andthenormalizationofharmfulhabitslikedrinkinganddruguseallplayarole.Additionally,somepeoplemaypursuefamebecauseofpersonaltraitsorpastexperiencesthatalreadyputthematrisk.A.Theymatchedthemwithlessfamousmusicianswithsimilarbackgrounds.B.Fameitself,notlifestyleorjobdemands,isakeydriverofearlydeath.C.Singerswhobeefamousoftenliveamorefortablelife.D.Shootingtostardomasasingermayincreasethechanceofearlydeath.E.Famoussingersaremorelikelytohavehealthylivinghabits.F.Endlesspublicscrutinyisoneofthemajorrisks.G.Thereisnoconnectionbetweenfameandlifespan.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)完形填空題（詞數(shù)：278詞）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Forthosewholongforthelimelight,it’simportanttobecarefulwhattheywishfor.Researchershavefoundthatshootingtostardomasaleadsingerreally1.__________theriskofanearlydeath.AnanalysisofsingersfromEuropeandtheUSshowedthatfamoussingersdiedonaveragenearlyfiveyears2.__________thanlesswellknownones.Thestudysuggestedthatfameitself,3.__________thelifestyleandjobdemands,wasthemaincause.Solosingerswhobecamefamousdid4.__________thanleadsingersinprominentbands.Probably,thiswasbecausetheyweremoreexposed,facedmorepressure,andhadlessemotional5.__________duringtheupsanddownsoftheircareers.To6.__________thelinkbetweenfameandearlydeath,researcherschose324famoussoloistsorleadsingers.They7.__________themwithlessfamousmusiciansofthesameage,gender,andmusicalgenre.Thestudyfocusedonartistsactivebetween1950and1990tomakesuretherewereenoughdeathsto8.__________.Theresultsshowedaclear9.__________.Famoussingersaveraged75yearsofagewhentheydied,10.__________lessfamousoneslivedto79onaverage.Beinginabandwas11.__________witha26%lowerriskofdeathparedtobeingasoloist.Overall,famoussingerswere33%morelikelytodieduringthestudyperiod.Importantly,thehigherriskonly12.__________aftertheybecamefamous,whichsupportedtheideathatfameitselfwasharmful.Expertssaidfactorslikepublicscrutiny,lossof13.__________,andperformancepressurecouldexplaintherisk.Theyadvisedtoday’sstarstotakeregularbreaks,stayintouchwithfamilyandfriends,and14.__________theirlifestylescritically.Afterall,famewithoutgoodhealthis15.__________meaningful.A.reducesB.increasesC.ignoresD.balancesA.longerB.laterC.earlierD.fartherA.ratherthanB.aswellasC.alongwithD.becauseofA.betterB.worseC.fasterD.slowerA.stressB.supportC.burdenD.pressureA.denyB.proveC.exploreD.hideA.paredB.mixedC.connectedD.replacedA.analyzeB.recordC.collectD.displayA.patternB.problemC.mistakeD.secretA.whenB.whileC.sinceD.becauseA.chargedB.associatedC.equippedD.coveredA.appearedB.disappearedC.developedD.stoppedA.wealthB.fameC.privacyD.healthA.evaluateB.copyC.changeD.designA.fullyB.partlyC.moreD.less第二節(jié)語篇填空題（詞數(shù)：215詞）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Researchershavefoundthatshootingtostardomasaleadsingerincreasestheriskofanearlydeath.TheiranalysisofEuropeanandAmericansingersshowedthatfamoussingersdiedonaveragenearlyfiveyears1.__________(early)thanlesswellknownones.Thissuggeststhatfameitself,ratherthanlifestyleandjobdemands,isamajor2.__________(drive)factor.Solosingerswhoachievedfamefaredworsethanleadsingersinprominentbands.3.__________(presume),thisisbecausetheyweremoreexposed,facedgreaterpressure,andhadlessemotionalsupportduringtheupsanddownsoftheircareers.Toexplorethelinkbetweenfameandearlydeath,researchers4.__________(identify)324famoussoloistsorleadsingers.Theymatchedthemwith