Unit5

Whatanadventure!1LearningObjectives2Developingideas3Presentingideas4Vocabulary5Homework1LearningObjectives語言能力能掌握adventure等核心詞匯的詞性、搭配及語境用法，能在口語和書面表達中準確運用。能理解并運用“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語”等復(fù)雜句式描述冒險經(jīng)歷，能識別文本中表因果、轉(zhuǎn)折的連接詞并分析其邏輯作用。能圍繞“冒險故事”主題進行連貫的口頭陳述，能撰寫結(jié)構(gòu)清晰的短文，闡述對冒險精神的理解，做到語言規(guī)范、表達流暢。思維品質(zhì)能通過分析人物的冒險行為和決策，評價冒險的價值與風(fēng)險，區(qū)分“盲目冒險”與“有準備的探索”的差異。能通過對比不同冒險故事的情節(jié)和人物性格，歸納冒險精神的共同內(nèi)涵。能結(jié)合自身生活經(jīng)驗，設(shè)計一段小型冒險活動方案，合理規(guī)劃流程，展現(xiàn)邏輯思維與創(chuàng)新思維的結(jié)合。學(xué)習(xí)能力能運用略讀、查讀等閱讀策略，快速定位文本中冒險故事的關(guān)鍵信息，提高信息篩選效率。能在小組討論中主動分享觀點，傾聽他人意見并進行有效互動，學(xué)會合作探究式學(xué)習(xí)。能自主總結(jié)本單元核心語言知識和寫作技巧，反思自己在口語表達和寫作中的不足，制定針對性改進計劃。文化意識能了解中外經(jīng)典冒險故事背后的文化背景，感知不同文化中人們對“挑戰(zhàn)自我”的共同追求。能認識到冒險精神在推動人類探索未知、促進科技進步中的作用，增強對探索精神的認同感和敬畏心。能在跨文化交流中，用英語介紹中國的探險故事或人物事跡，傳播中華文化。2DevelopingideaswatchthevideoDoyouknowwhatthisvideoisabout?Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions.Thisvideoisthelatesttrailerforthe2024film“TwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea”.背景信息《海底兩萬里》是法國作家儒勒·凡爾納創(chuàng)作的長篇小說，該小說故事發(fā)生于1866年，當時海上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只被斷定為獨角鯨的怪物，阿龍納斯教授接受邀請參加追捕。在追捕中教授不幸落水，偶然到達怪物背上，才發(fā)現(xiàn)怪物并非獨角鯨，而是一艘大型潛水艇。潛艇“鸚鵡螺”號的指揮者是尼摩船長，潛艇體積巨大，船身堅固，利用海洋發(fā)電做其動力。尼摩船長邀請教授做海底旅行。他們自太平洋出發(fā)，途經(jīng)珊瑚島、印度洋、紅海、地中海后進入大西洋，一路上教授看到許多罕見的海洋生物和奇異景象，還經(jīng)歷了擱淺、土著人圍攻、與鯊魚搏斗、冰山封路、章魚襲擊等諸多險情。當“鸚鵡螺”號到達挪威海岸時，阿龍納斯不辭而別，并把這些秘密公之于世。作品中，作者將對海洋的幻想發(fā)揮到了極致，表現(xiàn)了人類認識和駕馭海洋的信心，展示了人類意志的堅忍和勇敢。種種險象環(huán)生的情節(jié)顯示了人類頑強不屈的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)，展現(xiàn)了人類不懈的開拓精神。該作品被認為是凡爾納藝術(shù)成就最高的科幻小說?！逗５變扇f里》本身已經(jīng)具備了眾多引人入勝的戲劇因素，令其成為被改編成影視作品次數(shù)最多的科幻小說之一。背景信息儒勒·凡爾納（JulesVerne，1828年2月8日-1905年3月24日），19世紀法國小說家、劇作家及詩人。凡爾納出生于法國港口城市南特的一個中產(chǎn)階級家庭，早年依從其父親的意愿在巴黎學(xué)習(xí)法律，之后開始創(chuàng)作劇本以及雜志文章。在與出版商赫澤爾父子合作期間，凡爾納的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作事業(yè)取得了巨大成功，他的不少作品被翻譯成多種語言。凡爾納一生創(chuàng)作了大量優(yōu)秀的文學(xué)作品，以《在已知和未知的世界中的奇異旅行》為總名，代表作為三部曲（《格蘭特船長的兒女》《海底兩萬里》《神秘島》），以及《氣球上的五星期》《地心游記》等。他的作品對科幻文學(xué)流派有著重要的影響，因此他與赫伯特·喬治·威爾斯一道，被稱作“科幻小說之父”，還被譽為“科學(xué)時代的預(yù)言家”。據(jù)聯(lián)合國教科文組織的資料，凡爾納是世界上被翻譯的作品第二多的作家。聯(lián)合國教科文組織最近的統(tǒng)計顯示，全世界范圍內(nèi)，凡爾納作品的譯本已累計達4751種，他也是2011年世界上作品被翻譯次數(shù)最多的法語作家之一。在法國，2005年被定為凡爾納年，以紀念他百年忌辰。Activity1ReadtheshortintroductiontoJulesVerneandanswerthequestions.HaveyoureadanystorieswrittenbyJulesVerne?Whataretheyabout?IhavereadJulesVerne's“JourneytotheCenteroftheEarth”.ThenoveltellsthestoryofProfessorLidenbrock,aresoluteanddedicatedscientificexplorer,alongwithhisnephewAksaiandguideHanes,who,followingtheguidanceoftheirpredecessors,embarkonathree-montharduousjourneyundergroundforascientificexpedition.我讀過儒勒·凡爾納的《地心游記》。小說講的是一個堅定果敢，具有獻身精神的科學(xué)探險家黎登布洛克教授同他的侄兒阿克賽和向?qū)h恩斯按照前人的指引，在地底經(jīng)過整整三個月的艱辛跋涉，進行科學(xué)探險的故事。Activity1ReadtheshortintroductiontoJulesVerneandanswerthequestions.WhatamazingthingsdoyouthinkyoumightfindinTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea?TherearethreethingsinTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSeathatsurprisedmethemost:1.Nautilussubmarine:Ahighlyadvanced(19th-century)vessel,poweredbyelectricityandfeaturingaself-sustainingecosystem,capableofdivingextremelydeep.2.UnderwaterWonders:Giantsquidattacks,visitstothelostcityofAtlantis,coralreefcemeteries,andcommunitiesofrareMarinelife(suchasbioluminescentorganisms).3.CaptainNemo'sSecretBase:Ahiddenunderwaterhabitatbuiltwithadvancedtechnology,isolatedfromthehumanworld.《海底兩萬里》中最令我驚奇的事情有3個：1.鸚鵡螺潛艇：一艘高度先進的（19世紀）船只，由電力驅(qū)動，具有自我維持的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，能夠潛入極深。2.水下奇觀：巨型烏賊襲擊，參觀失落的亞特蘭蒂斯之城，珊瑚礁墓地，以及稀有海洋生物（如生物發(fā)光生物）的群落。3.尼摩船長的秘密基地：一個隱藏的水下棲息地，用先進的技術(shù)建造，與人類世界隔絕。Activity2Readthepassageandunderlinethekeysentencesofeachparagraph.Findoutwhattheauthorintendstotellus.BackgroundinformationofthestoryAnintroductiontothefollowingpassageActivity2Readthepassageandunderlinethekeysentencesofeachparagraph.Findoutwhattheauthorintendstotellus.Para.1IntroducethathewalkedunderthewaterskeysentenceActivity2Readthepassageandunderlinethekeysentencesofeachparagraph.Findoutwhattheauthorintendstotellus.keysentencePara.2DescribewhathesawundertheseaActivity2Readthepassageandunderlinethekeysentencesofeachparagraph.Findoutwhattheauthorintendstotellus.Part2para.1para.2DescribewhathesawundertheseaPart1IntroducethathewalkedunderthewatersBackgroundinformationofthestoryAnintroductiontothefollowingpassageTheauthorintendstotellus

theamazingsceneryunderthesea.Activity3Completethetablewithexpressionsfromthepassage.AdventuresundertheseaActionsFeelingsViewswalkedunderthewaters_____________________________________________nolongerfelttheweight________________________________________________________________________solarraysshonethroughthewaterymasseasily_________________________________

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.walkingonfine,evensandastonishedmenotwrinkled,asonaflatshoreasifIwasinbroaddaylightBeyondthatthecolorsdarkenedintofineshadesofdeepblue,andgraduallydisappeared.Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.Thisdazzlingcarpet...droveawaytheraysofthesunwithwonderfulintensity...Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.1.Whowasfoundworkingonthesubmarine?A.PierreAronnax,thebiologistprofessor.B.Nemo,thecaptain.C.Conseil,theservant.D.NedLand,thewhalehunter.2.Whyweren'tthethreepassengerspermittedtoleavethesubmarine?A.Tokeepthesecret. B.Toenjoymoreunderseascenes.C.TohelpthecaptainNemo. D.Totakemoreadventuresthere.Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.3.WhywasNeddifferentfromtheothertwopassengers?A.Heenjoyedtheadventuresmost.B.Hethoughtonlyofrunningaway.C.Hewasinchargeofthesubmarine.D.Hewasattackedbytheterriblecreature.4.WhatwasnotdescribedinthewordsofAronnax?A.Thesolarraysinthesea.B.Thesandunderthesea.C.Thecoloursoftheseawater.D.Thetemperatureofthesea.課文語法填空

In1866,aterribleseacreature1

(see)byseveralships.BiologistProfessorPierreAronnaxandhisservantConseilbegantofollowandtriedtokillit,2

atlasttheyandthewhalehunterNedLandfoundthe“creature”wasactually3

submarine.Theywerecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine,4

theymetthemanincharge,CaptainNemo.Becausethesubmarinewasasecretthen,theywerenotpermitted5

(leave).Aronnaxdescribedtheexperienceofwalkingontheseabed.

Aronnaxfelt6

(word)werenotenoughtorelatesuchwonders.Thesolarraysshonethroughthewaterymass7

(easy)andconsumedallcolour.Thewaterwassoclearthathecoulddistinguishobjectsata8

(distant)of150yards.Hefeltthewater9__________

(surround)himwasbutanotherair10

(heavy)thantheEarth'satmosphere.Abovehimwasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.Hecouldseeasifhewasinbroaddaylight.wasseenbut

awhere

toleavewordseasilydistancesurroundingheavierThinkandshare

Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Wordsarenotenoughtorelatesuchwonders”?Theauthormeansthattheviewsunderwateraresobeautifulandsuchexperienceissouniquethathecan'tfindenoughandproperwordstodescribethem.Whatdoyouthinkwillhappennextinthestory?Shareyourideaswiththeclass.Tips:Thelastsentencesofthepassagemaygiveuscluesofwhatthewritermaywriteaboutnext.Thinkandshare

Whatdoyouknowabouttheworldbeneaththesurfaceoftheoceans?Tips:Theoceanfloorhasdiverselandscapes—likedeeptrenches(theMarianaTrenchisthedeepest)andunderwatervolcanoesthatformseamounts.It'shometouniquecreatures:bioluminescentfish,giantsquids,andorganismsthatsurviveinextremepressure(likehydrothermalventcommunities).Sunlightcan'treachdepthsbeyond200meters,somostdeep-sealifereliesonchemosynthesisordetritusforenergy.海底有各種各樣的景觀，比如深深的海溝（馬里亞納海溝是最深的）和海底火山形成的海底山。它是獨特生物的家園：生物發(fā)光魚，巨型魷魚和在極端壓力下生存的生物（如熱液噴口群落）。陽光無法到達200米以上的深度，所以大多數(shù)深海生物依靠化學(xué)合成或碎屑來獲取能量。Thinkandshare

Whydoyouthinkpeoplewanttoexplorethisunderwaterworld?Tips:Peopleseektouncoverunknownspeciesandecosystems,whichhelpsexpandscientificunderstandingoflifeonEarth.Exploringtheoceanflooralsoaidsindiscoveringresources(likemineralsornewmedicalcompounds)thatbenefithumandevelopment.Additionally,itsatisfieshumancuriosityaboutunchartedspaces,justasweexploreouterspacetolearnmoreaboutourworld.人們試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)未知的物種和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這有助于擴大對地球上生命的科學(xué)理解。

探索海底還有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)有益于人類發(fā)展的資源（如礦物或新的藥物化合物）。

此外，它滿足了人類對未知空間的好奇心，就像我們探索外太空以更多地了解我們的世界一樣。Whenreadinganunfamiliarword,firsttrytousethecontextofthesentenceorpassagetoinferitsmeaning.Thenthinkaboutwhatotherwordswouldmakesenseinthesentence.Partsoftheword,suchasprefixes,wordrootsandsuffixes,canalsobeusedtotryandworkoutitsmeaning.Learningtolearn當閱讀一個不熟悉的單詞時，首先試著用句子或段落的上下文來推斷它的意思。然后想想在這個句子中還有什么其他的詞是有意義的。單詞的某些部分，如前綴、詞根和后綴，也可以用來試著找出它的意思。Activity4Workingroups.Imagineyouarethemarinebiologistfromthestorywalkingontheseabed.Talkaboutyourexperiences.1.Planyourconversationbyansweringthequestions.Whatdidyouwearandhowdidyoubreathe?Whodidyougowith?Whatdidyousee?Howdidyoufeel?2.Havetheconversationwithyourpartner.Taketurnsaskingeachotherquestionsandrespondtoyourpartner’scomments.3.Giveyourtalktotheclass.Activity5Readtheposterandanswerthequestions.1.Wherearethediversgoingonthisadventure?2.Whataretheygoingtodoandseeduringthetrip?3.Whichoftheexperiencesappealstoyoumostandwhy?ThewatersaroundtheFarneIslands,oneofEngland'spermierdivesites.Theywillvisitashipwreck,the6,810-tonsteamerSomali,andswimwithFarne'smostlovelyresidents,thethousandsofgreyseals.背景信息FarneIslandsTheFarneIslandsareagroupofislandsoffthecoastofNorthumberland,England.Thegrouphasbetween15and20islandsdependingonthelevelofthetide.Inthewarmermonths,theFarnes,animportantwildlifehabitat,aremuch-visitedbyboattrips.TheFarneIslandsarepopularwithbirdwatchers,andasscubadivinglocations,withavarietyofsitessuitableforalllevelsofdivers,forthesealsandwrecks.ThegreysealcolonyattheFarnesnumbersabout5,000.Theyarecuriousandoftenlookinondiversinthewaterandareimpressivetowatchunderwater.法恩群島是英國諾森伯蘭郡海岸外的一群島嶼。根據(jù)潮水的高低，該群島有15到20個島嶼。在溫暖的月份，法恩斯是重要的野生動物棲息地，很多人乘船游覽。法恩群島很受觀鳥者的歡迎，也是水肺潛水的地點，有各種各樣的地點適合所有級別的潛水員，海豹和沉船。法恩斯的灰海豹群大約有5000只。它們很好奇，經(jīng)常觀察水中的潛水員，在水下的觀察給人留下了深刻的印象。wreckdivingCorefeatures:Takingunderwatersunkenshipsastheexplorationobjects,itcombinesasenseofhistoryandadventure.Thesunkenshipsaremostlywarwrecks,wreckedmerchantships,etc.,andareatypeofartificialreef.Keypointsoftheexperience:Diverscannotonlyobservethestructureofthehullandlearnthestorybehindthesunkenship,butalsoadmirethecoral,fishandotherMarinebiologicalcommunitiesattachedtothehull.Thedifficultyrequirementsareusuallyquitehigh,demandingthediver'sneutralbuoyancycontrolandnavigationskills.Somedeep-watersunkenshipsalsorequireanadvanceddivingcertificate.landscapedivingCorefeatures:Focusingonnaturalunderwaterlandscapes,itisthemostcommontypeofdiving,withdestinationsmostlybeingcoralreefs,seagrassbeds,cavesorshallowbays.Thekeypointsoftheexperience:ItmainlyfocusesonenjoyingthediverseMarinelifeandthesplendidunderwaterscenery,suchasswimmingwithtropicalfishschoolsandobservingthecolorchangesofcoralsupclose.Thedifficultyrequirementisrelativelylow,rangingfromentry-levelshoredivingandreefdivingtocavedivingsuitableforadvanceddivers,coveringdivingenthusiastsofdifferentlevels.Thedifferencebetweenwreckdivingandlandscapediving.一、

沉船潛水核心特點：以水下沉船為探索對象，兼具歷史感與探險性，沉船多為戰(zhàn)爭殘骸、失事商船等，是人工魚礁的一種。體驗重點：潛水者既能觀察船體結(jié)構(gòu)、了解沉船背后的故事，也能觀賞依附在船身的珊瑚、魚類等海洋生物群落。難度要求：通常難度較高，對潛水者的中性浮力控制、導(dǎo)航能力有要求，部分深水沉船還需進階潛水證書。二、

風(fēng)景潛水核心特點：聚焦自然水下景觀，是最常見的潛水類型，目的地多為珊瑚礁、海草床、洞穴或淺海海灣。體驗重點：以欣賞多樣的海洋生物和絢麗的水下風(fēng)光為主，比如與熱帶魚群同游、近距離觀察珊瑚的色彩變化。難度要求：門檻相對較低，從入門級的岸潛、礁潛，到適合進階者的洞穴潛水，覆蓋不同水平的潛水愛好者。Activity6Imagineyouhavebeenonthisadventure.Makenotesaboutyourexperience.Whatdidyoudo?Whatdidyousee?Howdidyoufeel?日記——寫一段冒險經(jīng)歷一、題型解讀本單元的話題是談?wù)搶W(xué)生自己過去的冒險經(jīng)歷，要求學(xué)生能正確表達在旅游過程中的所見所聞所感。這一話題要求以日記的形式呈現(xiàn)。日記通常在正文上方，自左起寫上日期、星期和天氣情況，正文要用第一人稱和一般過去時來寫，同時適當寫一些自己的感受。二、寫作攻略1.基本框架英文日記通常由書端和正文兩個部分組成。日記常以第一人稱敘述當天生活中的所見、所聞、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日記“三格式”大致一樣。英語日記的書端要寫明當天的日期、星期和天氣。左上角是日期（年、月、日）、星期。右上角是當天的天氣情況，如sunny，fine，rainy，windy，snowy，cloudy等。2.寫作特點及注意事項（1）時態(tài)：以一般過去時為主，發(fā)表感想或評論可用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或?qū)頃r態(tài)（2）人稱以第一人稱為主（3）使用簡潔明了的語言（4）適當使用高分句型三、模板素材1.常用詞匯destinationn.目的地 passengern.乘客

journeyn.旅行backpackern.背包旅行者

expeditionn.探險 skiv.滑雪starvev.挨餓

alarmn.警報 challengen.挑戰(zhàn)rowaboat劃船 rideamotorcycle騎摩托車tourgroup旅游團 sufferfrom遭受befrightenedof害怕... inpanic驚恐地2.高分句型ShewastrappedonamountaininTibetforalmostaday.Hisraftturnedoverinroughwhitewater.Thethrillisincredible.Iliveforexcitement.I'mplanningtoclimbMountDenaliinAlaska.IwasworriedthatIwouldchickenout(退出，臨陣退縮)thefirsttimeItriedit,butIfoundoutthatyougotsocaughtupintheexcitementthatyoudidn'thavetimetobescared.Everythinghappenssoquicklythatyouwon'thavetimetostartworrying.Noteveryonecansaythatthey'reclimbingsomeofthetallestmountainsintheworld.Everyyearsomepeoplearekilledfallingoffcliffs,gettingcaughtinavalanches,orfromexposuretotheelements.Sample1

Icouldn'tbelievethatIsucceededindivingandswamwiththesealsfor10minutes!IneverthoughtIcouldstartanadventureundertheseabefore,tillmyparentstookmetotheFarneIslandsandtrieddivingthere.Wewereofferedtwochoices,eitherwreckdiving-toseethewreckedshipSomali,orscenicdiving-tohaveagoodtimewiththegreyseals.IchosethesecondonebecauseitwaslesschallengingandIloveseaanimals.DivingturnedouttobemuchlessdifficultthanIhadimagined.Ijustputontheinstrumentsandfollowedmyinstructor.Iwasabitscared,butmyinstructortoldmetotakeiteasy.Atfirst,Icouldonlyseenothing,butwhenmyeyesgraduallyadjustedtothedarkness,Icouldseedeepbluewavesmovingupanddown,andsmallfishesswimming.Soonwereachedthespot,andIcouldbreathenormally.Sample1

Itwassuchawonderfulworld.Beforerealisingit,Ihadbeenintheseaweedforestsurroundedbytheyoungseals.Theywereeagertogetclosetomeanddancearoundme.Ireachedoutmyhandtotouchoneofthem.Allofasudden,somethingbigappearedonmyright.Iturnedaroundandalmostgotastonished.Itwasahugemaleseal.Iwassoscaredfearingitwouldattackme.Butitjusttouchedmelightlywithitsbody,asifitwantedtohugme.Iputmyhandsonitsback,tryingtofeelitssmoothskin.Theworldherewassoquietthatitfeltthattimehadstopped.Finally,myinstructorgesturedformetogoup.WhenIreachedthesurface,Ihadtoreadjusttothesunlight.Whathadhappenedjustnowwaslikeadream.Sample2

Sunday,July23 SunnyDuringthesummerholiday,myfriendsandIdecidedtogoonanadventuretriptoHainanIsland.WetravelledaroundHainanIslandfromJuly15to21.Whileweweretherewewenthikinganditwastiring.Wealsoclimbedthemountain,whichwassohighthatIalmostgaveuphalfway.Wealsoswamnearthebeachandhadacampfireparty.Weplayedhappilywithlocalpeople.Onthelastday,wewentdiving.Itwasamazingtoseesomanydifferentcreaturesunderthesea.Becauseitwasdangeroustostayundertheseafortoolong,Ihadtogouptotheshore.Inmyopinion,thisadventurewasnotonlyinterestingbutalsoexciting.3PresentingideasActivity1Thinkofanadventurestoryyouhavereadorheardandmakenotes.Lookatthepicturesforideas.Maincharacter(s)TimePlaceWhathappened?Whatdoyouthinkaboutthestory?TomandhisbestfriendIn1888InacaveAnearthquakedestroyedtheentranceofthecaveandtheyweretrappedinforaweek.Finally,theywererescuedbyotherclimbers.scaryActivity2Workingroups.Tellyourstorytoothergroupmembers.UsethenotesinActivity1andtheexpressionsintheboxtohelpyou.Usefulexpressions?Thehero/heroineofmystoryis...?Thisishowitallbegan...?He/Shewasto...whensuddenly...?Tomakealongstoryshort,...?Itwasa(n)exciting/scary/memorable/impressiveexperience!?Itmademefeel...Sample

AcaveadventureTheheroesofmystoryareTomandhisbestfriends.Thisishowitallbegan.Oneday,theywereclimbingamountain.Theywantedtogotothetopofthemountain.There,theyfoundacave.Astheywalkeddeeperanddeeper,theyfoundthemselvesinabigroom.Onthewalls,thereweredrawingswhichlookedveryoldandfantastic.Tomtookouthiscameraandtookpicturesofthem.Suddenly,aterribleearthquakehittheareaandtheentranceofthecavewasdestroyed.Theyweretrappedforaweek.Thenanotherteamofclimberscameandfoundtheywereinthecaveandrescuedthem.Itwasascaryandmemorableexperienceforthem!4Vocabularychargen.負責，掌管，費用例句：Thereisnoextrachargeforhomedelivery.送貨上門不額外收費。incharge(ofsth./sb.)負責；掌管例句：Themonitorisinchargeoftheclasswhentheteacherisaway.老師不在時，班長負責管理班級。inthechargeofsb.由某人負責；由某人掌管（被動含義）例句：ThenewprojectisinthechargeofMr.Wang.這個新項目由王先生負責。takecharge(ofsth./sb.)接管；開始負責例句：Hewilltakechargeofthedepartmentafterthemanagerretires.經(jīng)理退休后，他將接管這個部門。chargevt.使承擔責任，收費，控告例句：Themanagerchargedherwithorganizingtheannualmeeting.經(jīng)理指派她負責組織年會。chargesb.with(doing)sth.指派某人負責（做）某事，控告某人（犯）某事例句：TheschoolchargedMr.Liwithtrainingthedebateteam.學(xué)校指派李老師負責訓(xùn)練辯論隊。Thepolicechargedhimwithdangerousdriving.警方控告他危險駕駛。charge(sb.)forsth.因某物向（某人）收費例句：Thehotelchargesextraforroomservice.這家酒店的客房服務(wù)額外收費。chargeup給（電池等）充電例句：Ineedtochargeupmyphonebeforegoingout.出門前我需要給手機充個電。aheadadv.（時間、空間）在前面；提前，預(yù)先；領(lǐng)先例句：Theroadaheadisblockedbyafallentree.前面的路被一棵倒下的樹堵住了。aheadof在……之前（時間/空間），優(yōu)于，領(lǐng)先于例句：Thebusstopisjustaheadofthebuilding.公交車站就在那棟樓的前面。Wefinishedthetaskaheadofthedeadline.我們在截止日期之前完成了任務(wù)。Hermathscoreisaheadofeveryoneelseintheclass.她的數(shù)學(xué)成績領(lǐng)先于班上其他所有人。aheadoftime提前，提早（=aheadofschedule）例句：Pleasesubmityourhomeworkaheadoftimeifyoucan'tcometoclass.如果無法來上課，請?zhí)崆疤峤蛔鳂I(yè)。goahead開始；進行；去吧（用于許可）例句：—CanIuseyourdictionary?—Sure,goahead.——我能用一下你的字典嗎？——當然，用吧。moveahead向前推進；繼續(xù)前進例句：Despitethedifficulties,wedecidedtomoveaheadwiththeplan.盡管困難重重，我們還是決定繼續(xù)推進這個計劃。lookahead展望未來；為將來做打算例句：Weneedtolookaheadandmakealong-termdevelopmentplan.我們需要展望未來，制定一份長期發(fā)展規(guī)劃。permitv.許可，允許，準許例句：Thelawpermitsnosmokinginpublicplaces.法律禁止在公共場所吸煙。permitdoingsth.允許做某事（后接動名詞作賓語）例句：Theschooldoesnotpermitusingmobilephonesinclass.學(xué)校不允許在課堂上使用手機。permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事（后接不定式作賓語補足語）例句：OurteacherpermitsustohandinthehomeworknextMonday.老師允許我們下周一交作業(yè)。weatherpermitting天氣允許的話（獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，常用作狀語）例句：Weatherpermitting,wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisFriday.天氣允許的話，我們這周五會舉辦運動會。permitn.許可證，執(zhí)照例句：Youneedtoapplyforapermittoparkyourcarhere.你需要申請許可證才能在這里停車。applyforapermit申請許可證例句：Youneedtoapplyforapermitbeforeyoustarttheconstructionwork.動工前你需要申請一份許可證。Hewenttothecityhalltoapplyforaparkingpermit.他去市政廳申請停車許可證了。apermittodosth.做某事的許可證例句：Shehasgotapermittostudyabroadforoneyear.她拿到了為期一年的出國留學(xué)許可證。Doyouhaveapermittofishinthislake?你有在這個湖里釣魚的許可證嗎？relatevt.&vi.聯(lián)系，把……聯(lián)系起來；敘述，講述例句：It'shardtorelatethesetwoseeminglyunrelatedfactstoeachother.很難把這兩個看似毫不相干的事實聯(lián)系起來。relateAto/withB把A和B聯(lián)系起來例句：Thereportrelatestheriseincrimewiththelackofcommunityservices.這份報告將犯罪率的上升與社區(qū)服務(wù)的缺失聯(lián)系在了一起。relatetosth.與某事有關(guān)；涉及某事例句：ThedocumentaryrelatestothehistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine. 這部紀錄片涉及中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展歷史。relateofsth.講述某事（較正式，多用于書面或口語中的懷舊語境）例句：Theoldsoldieroftenrelatesofthebattleshefoughtinhisyouth.這位老兵常常講述他年輕時參加過的戰(zhàn)役。astonishvt.使十分驚，使吃驚例句：Thescientistastonishedtheworldwithhisgroundbreakingdiscovery.這位科學(xué)家憑借具有開創(chuàng)性的發(fā)現(xiàn)震驚了世界。astonishsb.使某人驚訝例句：Hersuddendecisiontoquitthejobastonishedallofus.她突然辭職的決定讓我們所有人都很吃驚。beastonishedat/bysth.對某事感到驚訝（被動結(jié)構(gòu)，表主語的感受）例句：Wewereastonishedatthespeedofhisprogressinmath.我們對他數(shù)學(xué)成績的進步速度感到驚訝。beastonishedtodosth.驚訝地做某事例句：Iwasastonishedtohearthathehadwontheinternationalcompetition.聽到他贏得了國際比賽的消息，我很驚訝。astonishvt.使十分驚，使吃驚astonishedadj.感到驚訝的（主語通常是人）例句：Alltheaudiencelookedastonishedatthesinger'ssuddenappearanceonstage.看到歌手突然登臺，所有觀眾都面露驚訝。astonishingadj.令人驚訝的（主語通常是事物）例句：Themovietellsanastonishingstoryaboutasmalltown'shiddensecret.這部電影講述了一個關(guān)于小鎮(zhèn)隱藏秘密的驚人故事。astonishmentn.驚訝；震驚例句：Hestaredatthebrokenvaseinastonishment,notknowingwhodidit.他驚訝地盯著破碎的花瓶，不知道是誰干的。distinguishvt.&vi.顯示……的差別，辨別，看清，認出例句：Itissometimeshardtodistinguis