2025年英語護資護理題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingistheprimaryresponsibilityofanursewhencaringforapatientwithanewdiagnosisofdiabetesmellitus?A.AdministeringinsulinB.EducatingthepatientondietaryrestrictionsC.MonitoringvitalsignsD.PrescribingmedicationAnswer:B2.Thenurseisassessingapatient'spainlevelusingthenumericalratingscale.Thepatientratesthepainas8outof10.Whatisthenurse'sbestresponse?A."Areyoutakingyourpainmedication?"B."Howlonghaveyouhadthispain?"C."CanIgetyouaheatingpad?"D."Youseemtobeinalotofpain."Answer:B3.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsignofdehydrationinanelderlypatient?A.DrymouthandskinB.IncreasedurineoutputC.ElevatedbloodpressureD.RapidheartrateAnswer:A4.Whenanurseispreparingtoadministeramedication,whichofthefollowingstepsismostimportant?A.Checkingthepatient'sIDB.MeasuringthemedicationC.RecordingtheadministrationD.Verifyingthedoctor'sorderAnswer:D5.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwhoispostoperativeandhasanasogastrictube.Whichofthefollowingactionsshouldthenursetaketoensureproperplacementofthetube?A.AspiratethetubeandobserveforairbubblesB.CheckthepHoftheaspirateC.ListenforairentryinthelungsD.MeasurethelengthofthetubefromthenosetotheearAnswer:A6.Whichofthefollowingisakeycomponentofculturalcompetenceinnursing?A.IgnoringculturaldifferencesB.Usingaone-size-fits-allapproachC.RespectingculturalpracticesD.FocusingonlyonmedicalneedsAnswer:C7.Thenurseisassessingapatient'srespiratorystatus.Whichofthefollowingfindingswouldindicateaneedforimmediateintervention?A.Respiratoryrateof12breathsperminuteB.UseofaccessorymusclesC.ClearbreathsoundsD.Oxygensaturationof95%Answer:B8.Whenanurseisperformingaphysicalassessment,whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanobjectivefinding?A.ThepatientreportsfeelingdizzyB.Thepatient'sskiniswarmtothetouchC.Thepatient'sbloodpressureis120/80mmHgD.Thepatient'spainlevelisa6onascaleof10Answer:C9.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofpostoperativenauseaandvomiting?A.AnesthesiaB.PainmedicationC.InfectionD.DehydrationAnswer:A10.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwhoisreceivingchemotherapy.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialsideeffectofchemotherapy?A.WeightgainB.HairlossC.IncreasedappetiteD.ImprovedimmunefunctionAnswer:B二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsofinfectioninapatient?A.FeverB.RednessC.SwellingD.PainE.NormalwhitebloodcellcountAnswer:A,B,C,D2.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwitharespiratorydisorder.Whichofthefollowinginterventionsmaybehelpful?A.ProvidingsupplementaloxygenB.EncouragingdeepbreathingexercisesC.AdministeringbronchodilatorsD.ElevatingtheheadofthebedE.RestrictingfluidintakeAnswer:A,B,C,D3.Whichofthefollowingareimportantcomponentsofadischargeteachingplanforapatientwithdiabetesmellitus?A.DietarymanagementB.MedicationadherenceC.BloodglucosemonitoringD.FootcareE.ExerciserecommendationsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E4.Thenurseisassessingapatient'sskinforsignsofpressureulcers.Whichofthefollowingareasaremostatrisk?A.SacrumB.HeelsC.ElbowsD.BackofthekneesE.ForearmsAnswer:A,B,C,D5.Whichofthefollowingarepotentialcomplicationsofimmobility?A.DeepveinthrombosisB.PressureulcersC.ContracturesD.DecreasedbowelfunctionE.ImprovedmobilityAnswer:A,B,C,D6.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwhoisexperiencinganxiety.Whichofthefollowinginterventionsmaybehelpful?A.ProvidingaquietenvironmentB.EncouragingdeepbreathingexercisesC.AdministeringasedativeD.EngagingthepatientinconversationE.Ignoringthepatient'sanxietyAnswer:A,B,C,D7.Whichofthefollowingareimportantconsiderationswhenadministeringmedications?A.Checkingthepatient'sIDB.MeasuringthemedicationaccuratelyC.RecordingtheadministrationD.Verifyingthedoctor'sorderE.AdministeringthemedicationatthecorrecttimeAnswer:A,B,C,D,E8.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwhoispostoperativeandhasasurgicalwound.Whichofthefollowingareimportantaspectsofwoundcare?A.KeepingthewoundcleananddryB.ChangingthedressingregularlyC.MonitoringforsignsofinfectionD.ApplyinganantiseptictothewoundE.MassagingthewoundtopromotehealingAnswer:A,B,C9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsofdehydrationinanelderlypatient?A.DrymouthandskinB.DecreasedurineoutputC.ConfusionD.DizzinessE.ElevatedbloodpressureAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Thenurseiscaringforapatientwhoisreceivingchemotherapy.Whichofthefollowingarepotentialsideeffectsofchemotherapy?A.HairlossB.NauseaandvomitingC.FatigueD.IncreasedinfectionriskE.ImprovedimmunefunctionAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Itisappropriateforanursetodelegatetheadministrationofmedicationtoanursingassistant.Answer:False2.Apatient'spainlevelisasubjectivefinding.Answer:True3.Culturalcompetenceinnursinginvolvesrespectingandadaptingtoculturaldifferences.Answer:True4.Thenurseshouldalwaysreportanychangesinapatient'sconditiontothehealthcareprovider.Answer:True5.Apatient'srespiratoryrateof20breathsperminuteiswithinthenormalrange.Answer:True6.Thenurseshouldneverleaveapatientunattendedwhoisatriskforfalls.Answer:True7.Administeringmedicationatthecorrecttimeisanimportantaspectofmedicationsafety.Answer:True8.Apatient'sbloodpressureof140/90mmHgiswithinthenormalrange.Answer:False9.Thenurseshouldalwayswashtheirhandsbeforeandaftercaringforapatient.Answer:True10.Dehydrationcanbeacommoncauseofconfusioninelderlypatients.Answer:True四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Describethestepsanurseshouldtakewhenadministeringmedication.Answer:Whenadministeringmedication,thenurseshouldfirstverifythedoctor'sorder,checkthepatient'sID,measurethemedicationaccurately,administerthemedicationatthecorrecttime,observethepatientforanyadversereactions,anddocumenttheadministration.Additionally,thenurseshouldensurethatthemedicationisappropriateforthepatient'sconditionandthatthepatientunderstandshowtotakethemedication.2.Explaintheimportanceofculturalcompetenceinnursing.Answer:Culturalcompetenceinnursingisimportantbecauseitallowsthenursetoprovidecarethatisrespectfulandresponsivetotheculturalandlinguisticneedsofpatients.Thiscanimprovepatientsatisfaction,adherencetotreatment,andoverallhealthoutcomes.Byunderstandingandrespectingculturaldifferences,nursescanbuildtrustwithpatientsandprovidemoreeffectivecare.3.Describethesignsandsymptomsofdehydrationinanelderlypatient.Answer:Thesignsandsymptomsofdehydrationinanelderlypatientincludedrymouthandskin,decreasedurineoutput,confusion,dizziness,andfatigue.Thesesymptomscanbemoredifficulttodetectinelderlypatients,astheymayhaveotherunderlyinghealthconditionsthatcanmaskthesignsofdehydration.Itisimportantfornursestobevigilantinmonitoringelderlypatientsforsignsofdehydrationandtotakeappropriatemeasurestopreventandtreatdehydration.4.Discusstheimportanceofdischargeteachingforpatientswithdiabetesmellitus.Answer:Dischargeteachingisimportantforpatientswithdiabetesmellitusbecauseithelpsthemtomanagetheirconditioneffectivelyafterleavingthehospital.Thisincludeseducatingthepatientondietarymanagement,medicationadherence,bloodglucosemonitoring,footcare,andexerciserecommendations.Byprovidingcomprehensivedischargeteaching,nursescanhelppatientstomaintainstablebloodglucoselevels,preventcomplications,andimprovetheiroverallqualityoflife.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discussthepotentialcomplicationsofimmobilityandhowanursecanpreventthem.Answer:Immobilitycanleadtoseveralpotentialcomplications,includingdeepveinthrombosis(DVT),pressureulcers,contractures,decreasedbowelfunction,andrespiratoryproblems.Topreventthesecomplications,nursesshouldregularlyassesspatientsforsignsofimmobility-relatedissues,encouragepatientstoperformrange-of-motionexercises,usesupportivedevicessuchaspillowsandwedgestoreducepressureonvulnerableareas,provideadequatehydrationandnutrition,andensurethatpatientsarepositionedcorrectlytopromotecirculationandpreventskinbreakdown.2.Discusstheimportanceofpatienteducationinnursingandprovideexamplesofeffectivepatienteducationstrategies.Answer:Patienteducationisacriticalcomponentofnursingcarebecauseithelpspatientstounderstandtheirhealthconditions,managetheirillnesses,andadheretotreatmentplans.Effectivepatienteducationstrategiesincludeprovidingclearandconciseinformationinalanguagethatthepatientcanunderstand,usingvisualaidssuchasdiagramsandpictures,involvingfamilymembersorcaregiversintheeducationprocess,andprovidingwrittenmaterialsthatthepatientcanrefertoathome.Additionally,nursesshouldencouragepatientstoaskquestionsandprovideopportunitiesforinteractivelearningtoensurethatpatientsarefullyengagedandabletoapplytheinformationtheyhavelearned.3.Discusstheroleofanurseinpromotingculturalcompetenceinhealthcaresettings.Answer:Theroleofanurseinpromotingculturalcompetenceinhealthcaresettingsistoprovidecarethatisrespectfulandresponsivetotheculturalandlinguisticneedsofpatients.Thisinvolvesbeingawareofone'sownculturalbiases,learningabouttheculturalbackgroundsofpatients,andadaptingcarepracticestomeetthediverseneedsofpatients.Nursescanp